| 1. |
- Jakobsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Vetenskapskommunikation och skolutveckling som en del av den tredje uppgiften
- 2019
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Ingår i: En historiker korsar sitt spår. - : Malmö universitet. - 9789178770335 - 9789178770458 ; , s. 221-237
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I detta kapitel fokuserar vi hur universitetens samverkan med det omgivande samhället kan bidra med ny forskning och samtidigt verka för spridning av nya forskningsresultat. I forskarskolan Communicate science in school (CSiS) deltar tio lärare i en forskarutbildning där deltagarna efter avslutad utbildning erhåller en licentiatexamen i naturvetenskapernas didaktik. Ett viktigt syfte med forskarskolan är att fortlöpande samla förvaltningschefer, rektorer och forskarstuderande för att diskutera och förstärka skolutveckling i förskolan, grundskolan och gymnasieskolan på vetenskaplig grund. Det innebär att initiera samtal om hur de berörda lärarnas kunskaper ska komma kommunernas skolutveckling till godo efter avlagd examen. Gemensamt för samtliga forskarstuderande har varit att problematisera skolämnenas innehåll i relation till modern forskning i naturvetenskap och teknik men också att ta del av internationell utbildningsvetenskaplig forskning i relation till undervisningsformer och organisering av själva undervisningen.
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| 2. |
- Johnsson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Den psykosociala integrationens fält.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Det professionella landskapets framväxt. - 9789144122052 ; , s. 261-331
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Pennegård, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Vetenskapskommunikation och skolutveckling som en del av det tredje uppdraget
- 2019
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Ingår i: En historiker korsar sitt spår : En vänbok till Roger Johansson om att lära sig av historien och lära ut historia - En vänbok till Roger Johansson om att lära sig av historien och lära ut historia. - 9789178770335 - 9789178770458 ; , s. 231-233
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 4. |
- Svensson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Psykosociala integrationens fält i nutid
- 2019
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Ingår i: Ett professionellt landskap i förvandling. - 9789144122274 ; , s. 217-271
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Leal, Gabriela Ferraz, et al.
(författare)
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Expanding the Clinical Spectrum of Phenotypes Caused by Pathogenic Variants in PLOD2
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - : Wiley. - 0884-0431. ; 33:4, s. 753-760
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a strikingly heterogeneous group of disorders with a broad range of phenotypic variations. It is also one of the differential diagnoses in bent bone dysplasias along with campomelic dysplasia and thanatophoric dysplasia and can usually be distinguished by decreased bone mineralization and bone fractures. Bent bone dysplasias also include syndromes such as kyphomelic dysplasia (MIM:211350) and mesomelic dysplasia Kozlowski-Reardon (MIM249710), both of which have been under debate regarding whether or not they are a real entity or simply a phenotypic manifestation of another dysplasia including OI. Bruck syndrome type 2 (BRKS2; MIM:609220) is a rare form of autosomal recessive OI caused by biallelic PLOD2 variants and is associated with congenital joint contractures with pterygia. In this report, we present six patients from four families with novel PLOD2 variants. All cases had multiple fractures. Other features ranged from prenatal lethal severe angulation of the long bones as in kyphomelic dysplasia and mesomelic dysplasia Kozlowski-Reardon through classical Bruck syndrome to moderate OI with normal joints. Two siblings with a kyphomelic dysplasia-like phenotype who were stillborn had compound heterozygous variants in PLOD2 (p.Asp585Val and p.Ser166*). One infant who succumbed at age 4 months had a bent bone phenotype phenotypically like skeletal dysplasia Kozlowski-Reardon (with mesomelic shortening, camptodactyly, retrognathia, cleft palate, skin dimples, but also with fractures). He was homozygous for the nonsense variant (p.Trp561*). Two siblings had various degrees of Bruck syndrome caused by the homozygous missense variant, p.His687Arg. Furthermore a boy with a clinical presentation of moderate OI had a possibly pathogenic homozygous variant p.Trp588Cys. Our experience of six patients with biallelic pathogenic variants in PLOD2 expands the phenotypic spectrum in the PLOD2-related phenotypes.
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| 8. |
- Melin, Eva O., et al.
(författare)
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Gender, alexithymia and physical inactivity associated with abdominal obesity in type1 diabetes mellitus : a cross sectional study at a secondary care hospital diabetes clinic
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Obesity. - : Springer. - 2052-9538. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Obesity is linked to cardiovascular diseases and increasingly common in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) since the introduction of intensified insulin therapy. Our main aim was to explore associations between obesity and depression, anxiety, alexithymia and self-image measures and to control for lifestyle variables in a sample of persons with T1DM. Secondary aims were to explore associations between abdominal and general obesity and cardiovascular complications in T1DM.Methods: Cross sectional study of 284 persons with T1DM (age 18–59 years, men 56%), consecutively recruited from one secondary care hospital diabetes clinic in Sweden. Assessments were performed with self-report instruments (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 items and Structural Analysis of Social Behavior). Anthropometrics and blood samples were collected for this study and supplemented with data from the patients ’ medical records. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference men/women (meters): ≥ 1.02/≥0.88, and general obesity as BMI ≥30 kg/m2 for both genders. Abdominal obesity was chosen in the analyses due to the high association with cardiovascular complications. Different explanatory logistic regression models were elaborated for the associations and calibrated and validated for goodness of fit with the data variables.Results: The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 49/284 (17%), men/women: 8%/29% (P < 0.001). Abdominal obesity was associated with women (AOR 4.9), physical inactivity (AOR 3.1), alexithymia (AOR 2.6) and age (per year) (AOR 1.04). One of the three alexithymia sub factors, “difficulty identifying feelings” (AOR 3.1), was associated with abdominal obesity. Gender analyses showed that abdominal obesity in men was associated with “difficulty identifying feelings ” (AOR 7.7), and in women with use of antidepressants (AOR 4.3) and physical inactivity (AOR 3.6). Cardiovascular complications were associated with abdominal obesity (AOR 5.2).Conclusions: Alexithymia, particularly the alexithymia subfactor “difficulty identifying feelings”, physical inactivity, and women, as well as cardiovascular complications were associated with abdominal obesity. As abdominal obesity is detrimental in diabetes due to its association with cardiovascular complications, our results suggest two risk factor treatment targets: increased emotional awareness and increased physical activity.
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| 9. |
- Raoof, Mustafa, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Health-Related Quality-of-Life (HRQoL) on an Average of 12 Years After Gastric Bypass Surgery
- 2015
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Ingår i: Obesity Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0960-8923 .- 1708-0428. ; 25:7, s. 1119-1127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is evident that morbidly obese patients have a low health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL), and this low HRQoL has become a common reason for them to seek bariatric surgery. Several HRQoL studies demonstrate a dramatic postoperative improvement, but most of these have had a short follow-up period.An observational, cross-sectional study for HRQoL was conducted to study 486 patients (average age of 50.7 +/- 10.0 years, with 84 % of them being female) operated with gastric bypass (GBP) in the period 1993 to 2003 at the University Hospitals of A-rebro and Uppsala. Mean follow-up after gastric bypass was 11.5 +/- 2.7 years (range 7-17). Two HRQoL instruments were used, SF-36 and the Obesity-related Problems scale (OP). The study group was compared with two control groups, both matched for age and gender, one from the general population and one containing morbidly obese patients evaluated and awaiting bariatric surgery.The study group scored better in the SF-36 domains (all four physical domains and the vitality subscore) and OP scale compared to obese controls, but their HRQoL scores were lower than those of the general population. HRQoL was better among younger patients and in the following subgroups: men, patients with satisfactory weight loss, satisfied with the procedure, free from co-morbidities and gastrointestinal symptoms, employment, good oral status and those not hospitalised or regularly followed up for non-bariatric reasons.Long-term follow-up after GBP for morbid obesity showed better scores in most aspects of HRQoL compared to obese controls but did not achieve the levels of the general population. Patients with better medical outcome after gastric bypass operation had better HRQoL.
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| 10. |
- Svensson, Pierre, et al.
(författare)
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Las viktig i kampen mot sextrakasserier
- 2018
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Ingår i: Göteborgs-Posten, 2018-04-06.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Var tredje kvinna har utsatts för sexuella trakasserier på jobbet och många lämnar sin anställning. Därför är det allvarligt att lagen om anställningsskydd nu ifrågasätts från flera håll. Ett försvagat anställningsskydd skulle vara förödande i arbetet mot sexuella trakasserier på arbetsplatsen, skriver Pierre Svensson och Camilla Lundgren från Unionen, tillsammans med Eva-Maria Svensson och Ninni Carlsson från Göteborgs universitet
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| 11. |
- Svensson, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Conjugated Pneumococcal Vaccine Triggers a Better Immune Response than Polysaccharide Pneumococcal Vaccine in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia : A Randomized Study by the Swedish CLL group
- 2018
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Ingår i: Vaccine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-410X .- 1873-2518. ; 36:25, s. 3701-3707
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To determine if patients with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) benefit from vaccination with a 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13), Prevenar13®, compared with a 23-valent capsular polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), Pneumovax®, in terms of immune response. Background: Patients with CLL have an increased risk for infection and Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most common pathogens with high morbidity. Patients with CLL are known to respond poorly to the traditionally used polysaccharide vaccines. Conjugation of polysaccharide to protein carriers renders a thymus-dependent, memory-inducing and more immunogenic vaccine. In patients with CLL, there is no consensus on a recommendation for pneumococcal vaccination, due to a lack of comparative studies. Methods: 128 treatment naïve CLL patients from eight hematology clinics in Sweden were randomized to vaccination with PCV13 (n=63) or PPSV23 (n=65) after stratification by IgG levels and CLL clinical stage (Rai). Blood samples for evaluation of immune response were obtained at baseline, at one and at six months after vaccination. Analyses for each of the 12 pneumococcal serotypes common for PCV13 and PPSV23 were performed by opsonophagocytic assay (OPA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: PCV13 elicited a superior immune response than PPSV23 in 10/12 serotypes one month after vaccination and in 5/12 serotypes six months after vaccination, measured as OPA geometric mean titers (GMTs). Geometric mean concentrations of serotype-specific IgG antibodies elicited by PCV13 as measured by ELISA, were higher than those elicited by PPSV23 in half of the common serotypes, both after one and six months. The proportion of patients with good response (defined as response in 8 of 12 common serotypes according to predefined response criteria) was higher in PCV13 recipients than in PPSV23 recipients after one month (40% vs. 22%, p=0.034) as well as after six months (33% vs. 17%, p=0.041). Never did PPSV23 trigger a better immune response for any of the serotypes, than PCV13, regardless of analysis. For two of the serotypes, OPA GMTs were lower at the six months than at the one-month follow up. Negative predictive factors for vaccination response were hypogammaglobulinemia and long disease duration. Both vaccines were well tolerated. Conclusions: In patients with previously untreated CLL, the efficacy of PCV13 in terms of immune response is superior to PPSV23 for many serotypes common for the two vaccines. PCV13 should be considered as a part in vaccination programs against Streptococcus pneumoniae for these patients and administered as early as possible during the course of the disease.
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| 12. |
- Ahmed, Aisha S., et al.
(författare)
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Activation of NF-kappa B in Synovium versus Cartilage from Patients with Advanced Knee Osteoarthritis : A Potential Contributor to Inflammatory Aspects of Disease Progression
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunology. - : AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS. - 0022-1767 .- 1550-6606. ; 201:7, s. 1918-1927
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to assess the activation and association of the NF-kappa B system across synovial membrane (SM) and articular cartilage (AC) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and ascertain its potential effects on catabolic mediator expression in advanced OA. SM and AC were obtained from 40 OA patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty and from 19 postmortem control subjects. NF-kappa B subunit RelA in nuclear and cytosolic fractions and NF-kappa B1-DNA binding in nuclear extracts was assessed by ELISA, whereas NFKB1, RELA, IL-8, IL-6, and MMP3 gene expression were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-quantitative PCR in tissues. We observed higher SM nuclear RelA protein levels and upregulated NF-kappa B1-DNA binding in OA patients compared with postmortem controls. However, in AC, lower nuclear RelA levels were observed compared with cytosolic extracts in patients. Nuclear RelA levels correlated positively with NF-kappa B1-DNA binding in SM and AC in patients. SM RELA and MMP3 mRNA levels were upregulated, whereas IL-8 and IL-6 as well as AC RELA were downregulated in patients compared with controls. In SM, nuclear RelA levels correlated positively with MMP3 gene expression in patients. A negative correlation was observed between SM nuclear RelA levels and AC NF-kappa B1-DNA binding, and SM nuclear NF-kappa B1-DNA binding correlated negatively with AC MMP3 and NFKB1 mRNA levels in patients. These findings highlight NF-kappa B-triggered cross-talk and feedback mechanisms between SM and AC in OA. Further, our findings strongly support a role for an activated NF-kappa B system in the transcriptional mechanism of inflammatory processes, especially in SM of patients with advanced OA.
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| 13. |
- Ahmed, Aisha S, et al.
(författare)
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NF-κB-Associated Pain-Related Neuropeptide Expression in Patients with Degenerative Disc Disease.
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 20:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) has been highlighted in mechanisms underlying inflammatory and neuropathic pain processes. The present study was designed to investigate whether NF-κB signaling is associated with pain-related neuropeptide expression in patients with chronic back pain related to degenerative disc disease (DDD). Intervertebral disc (IVD) tissues were collected from forty DDD patients undergoing disc replacement or fusion surgery, and from eighteen postmortem (PM) control subjects. RELA, NFKB1, CGRP, TAC1, TRPV1, and MMP-3 gene expression were analyzed by RT-qPCR, while NF-κB subunit RelA and NF-κB1⁻DNA binding in nuclear extracts and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), and transient receptor potential, subfamily V, member 1 (TRPV1) protein levels in cytosolic extracts of tissues were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). An upregulated NF-κB1⁻DNA binding, and higher CGRP and TRPV1 protein levels were observed in DDD patients compared to PM controls. In DDD patients, NF-κB1⁻DNA binding was positively correlated with nuclear RelA levels. Moreover, NF-κB1⁻DNA binding was positively associated with TRPV1 and MMP-3 gene and SP and TRPV1 protein expression in DDD patients. Our results indicate that the expression of SP and TRPV1 in IVD tissues was associated with NF-κB activation. Moreover, NF-κB may be involved in the generation or maintenance of peripheral pain mechanisms by the regulation of pain-related neuropeptide expression in DDD patients.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Alopaeus, Tea, et al.
(författare)
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Med de nya svenska klimatmålen i sikte : Gapanalys samt strategier och förutsättningar för att nå etappmålen 2030 med utblick mot 2045
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under våren 2017 presenterade Naturvårdsverket scenarier för hur växthusgasutsläppen i Sverige skulle kunna utvecklas till 2035. Sedan Naturvårdsverket presenterade scenarierna har ett nytt klimatpolitiskt ramverk för Sverige beslutats av riksdagen med nya klimatmål till 2030, 2040 och 2045. Regeringen har även presenterat ett antal nya styrmedel i budgetpropositionen.Naturvårdsverket ska inom miljömålssystemet löpande och strategiskt analysera och utvärdera styrmedel och åtgärder. Naturvårdsverket har mellan maj och november 2017 gjort en första uppföljning mot de nya klimatmålen. I denna rapport presenteras hur beslutade och planerade styrmedel kan komma att falla ut givet olika antagande. En översiktlig analys av styrmedel görs också.Arbetsgruppens sammansättning har varierat över tid. Sammantaget har följande personer på Naturvårdsverket deltagit i arbetsgruppen: Tea Alopaeus (projektledare), Björn Boström, Mats Björsell, Martin Boije, Joanna Dickinson, Dag Henning, Daniel Engström Stenson, Eva Jernbäcker (projektledare till september), Julien Morel, Miriam Münnich Vass, Karl-Anders Stigzelius, Ulrika Svensson, Per Wollin.Stockholm 29 november 2017Björn RisingerGeneraldirektör
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| 16. |
- Andersson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Minnesord: Thomas Brante 1947–2016
- 2016
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Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sveriges Sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 53:4, s. 437-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Bartesaghi, Stefano, et al.
(författare)
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Thermogenic Activity of UCP1 in Human White Fat-Derived Beige Adipocytes.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.). - : The Endocrine Society. - 1944-9917 .- 0888-8809. ; 29, s. 130-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heat-producing beige/brite (brown-in-white) adipocytes in white adipose tissue have the potential to suppress metabolic disease in mice and hold great promise for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans. Here, we demonstrate that human adipose-derived stromal/progenitor cells (hASCs) from sc white adipose tissue can be efficiently converted into beige adipocytes. Upon pharmacological activation of PPARγ, hASC-derived adipocytes activated beige fat-selective genes and a brown/beige fat-selective electron transport chain gene program. Importantly, hASC-derived beige fat cells displayed the bioenergetic characteristics of genuine brown fat cells, including a capacity for increased respiratory uncoupling in response to β-adrenergic agonists. Furthermore, knock-down experiments reveal that the thermogenic capacity of human beige fat cells was entirely dependent on the presence of uncoupling protein 1. In summary, this study reveals that hASCs can be readily differentiated into beige adipocytes that, upon activation, undergo uncoupling protein 1-dependent thermogenesis.
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| 24. |
- Belfrage, Anna Karin, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient and Selective Palladium-Catalysed C-3 Urea Couplings to 3,5-Dichloro-2(1H)-pyrazinones
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 1434-193X .- 1099-0690. ; :5, s. 978-986
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of a robust palladium-catalysed urea N-arylation protocol to install various ureas at the 3-position of the 2(1H)-pyrazinone scaffold is described. The method involves Pd(OAc)2 in combination with bidentate ligands, xantphos [4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene] in particular, and resulted in good to excellent coupling yields of aliphatic, aromatic, and sterically hindered ureas. Furthermore, the C-3 chlorine was shown to be selectively displaced in the presence of aryl halide ureas, and this finding was supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This allows further diversification of the scaffold for the production of compound libraries. Overall, the protocol facilitates further exploitation of pyrazinones as beta-sheet-inducing scaffolds in the development of sophisticated peptidomimetics/protease inhibitors. This is exemplified here by the synthesis of a new pyrazinone-based hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 protease inhibitor.
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| 25. |
- Bengtsson, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of nasal obstruction on sleep quality : a community-based study of women
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-4477 .- 1434-4726. ; 272:1, s. 97-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to analyse the impact of self-reported nasal obstruction on sleep quality in women. A community-based sample of 400 women underwent a full night of polysomnography. Airway diseases, allergies and sleep-related symptoms were assessed by questionnaires. Women with subjective nasal obstruction were subdivided into three groups: persistent nasal obstruction (PNO, n = 46), hay fever (n = 88) and nasal obstruction at night (NON, n = 30). Sleep problems and related daytime symptoms were most prevalent among women with NON. After adjusting for age, BMI, smoking and asthma, NON was an independent predictor of 'Difficulties inducing sleep due to nasal obstruction' [adjusted odds ratio (95 % CI): 89.5 (27.0-296.7)], 'Snoring' [4.2 (1.7-10.2)], 'Sweating at night' [2.6 (1.1-6.1)], 'Difficulties maintaining sleep' [2.7 (1.2-6.2)], and 'Waking up hastily gasping for breath' [32.2 (8.7-119.1)]. 'Dry mouth on awakening' [7.7 (3.2-18.4)], 'Waking up unrefreshed' [2.7 (1.2-6.0)], 'Excessive daytime sleepiness' [2.6 (1.1-6.0)], and 'Daytime nasal obstruction' [12.2 (4.8-31.2)] were also associated with NON. Persistent nasal obstruction and hay fever were both associated with some reported sleep problems due to an overlap with NON. When women with NON were excluded, only 'Daytime nasal obstruction' was still significantly associated with PNO, while hay fever was associated with 'Daytime nasal obstruction' and 'Waking up hastily gasping for breath'. There were no significant differences in objectively measured sleep variables between any of the three subgroups and the study cohort. Self-reported nasal obstruction at night in women has a significant effect on several subjective day- and nighttime symptoms, but it does not appear to affect objectively measured sleep quality.
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| 26. |
- Beygui, Farzin, et al.
(författare)
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Gestione pre-ospedaliera dei pazienti con dolore toracico e/o dispnea di origine cardiaca[Pre-hospital management of patients with chest pain and/or dyspnoea of cardiac origin]
- 2017
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Ingår i: Recenti progressi in medicina. - : Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore. - 2038-1840. ; 108:1, s. 27-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chest pain and acute dyspnoea are frequent causes of emergency medical services activation. The pre-hospital management of these conditions is heterogeneous across different regions of the world and Europe, as a consequence of the variety of emergency medical services and absence of specific practical guidelines. This position paper focuses on the practical aspects of the pre-hospital treatment on board and transfer of patients taken in charge by emergency medical services for chest pain and dyspnoea of suspected cardiac aetiology after the initial assessment and diagnostic work-up. The objective of the paper is to provide guidance, based on evidence, where available, or on experts' opinions, for all emergency medical services' health providers involved in the pre-hospital management of acute cardiovascular care.
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| 27. |
- Blom, Eva-Lotta, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Acoustic and visual courtship traits in two sympatric marine Gobiidae species – Pomatoschistus microps and Pomatoschistus minutus
- 2016
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Ingår i: Environmental Biology of Fishes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0378-1909 .- 1573-5133. ; 99, s. 999-1007
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Divergence in courtship traits across species can evolve as adaptations to different environments, and also through avoidance of reproductive interference and character displacement. Differences may also be explained by phylogenetic relationships. We compared different courtship traits, including male courtship sounds, in two sympatric Pomatoschistus species. Both species are characterised by having male and female courtship, and paternal care of eggs in nests under mussel shells and rocks. In addition to presenting novel observations, we reviewed the literature on courtship traits for both species and complemented it with new observations. We found that courting males of the common goby P. microps sing louder and produce sounds of shorter duration than males of the sand goby P. minutus. Furthermore, males of P. microps swim faster towards females during courtship than males of P. minutus. The eyes of P. minutus females turn black during courtship attempts, whereas this is not the case for females of P. microps. Species-specific differences in courtship sounds and behavior may lead to different susceptibility of the two species to environmental change such as noise pollution and turbidity.
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| 28. |
- Blom, Eva-Lotta, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous but not intermittent noise has a negative impact on mating success in a marine fish with paternal care
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anthropogenic underwater noise is a global pollutant of increasing concern but its impact on reproduction in fish is largely unknown. Hence, a better understanding of its consequences for this important link to fitness is crucial. Working in aquaria, we experimentally tested the impact of broadband noise exposure (added either continuously or intermittently), compared to a control, on the behaviour and reproductive success of the common goby (Pomatoschistus microps), a vocal fish with exclusive paternal care. Compared to the intermittent noise and control treatments, the continuous noise treatment increased latency to female nest inspection and spawning and decreased spawning probability. In contrast, many other female and male pre-spawning behaviours, and female ventilation rate (proxies for stress levels) did not differ among treatments. Therefore, it is likely that female spawning decisions were delayed by a reduced ability to assess male acoustic signals, rather than due to stress per se and that the silent periods in the intermittent noise treatment provided a respite where the females could assess the males. Taken together, we show that noise (of similar frequency range as anthropogenic boat noise) negatively affects reproductive success, particularly under a continuous noise exposure.
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| 29. |
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Blurring the Lines: Market-Driven and Democracy-Driven Freedom of Expression
- 2016
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Blurring the Lines: Market-Driven and Democracy-Driven Freedom of Expression focuses on challenges from the market to free speech and how free speech can be protected, promoted and developed when lines between journalism and advertising are blurred. With contributions from 20 scholars in law, media studies and philosophy, it explores an issue deserving greater attention, market pressures on freedom of expression. The role of commercial constraints on speech, restrictions and control of media content and the responsibility of state institutions in protecting free speech are some of the topics scrutinized from a democratic free speech perspective. (Print and OA) CONTENT: Preface Eva-Maria Svensson, Andrew T. Kenyon, Maria Edström: Introduction: Rethinking Freedom of Expression and Media Freedom. Ulla Carlsson: Opening speech: Freedom of Expression in Transition. A Media Perspective I. FREE SPEECH, THE STATE AND TENSIONS Andrew T. Kenyon:Who, What, Why and How. Questions for Positive Free Speech and Media Systems. Kari Karppinen:Beyond Positive and Negative Conceptions of Free Speech. Hans-Gunnar Axberger: Freedom of Expression as a Public Service. Victor Pickard:Toward a People’s Internet. The Fight for Positive Freedoms in an Age of Corporate Libertarianism. Katharine Sarikakis: Europe’s Many Crises and the Confinement of Democracy-Driven Free Speech. John Morison:The Democratic Dynamics of Government Consultations. Speaking Freely and Listening Properly. II. IN BETWEEN ADVERTISING AND JOURNALISM Justin Lewis: The Commercial Constraints on Speech Limit Democratic Debate. Tamara R. Piety: Killing the Golden Goose. Will Blending Advertising and Editorial Content Diminish the Value of Both? Eva-Maria Svensson: Upholding the Division Between Editorial and Commercial Content in Legislation and Self-Regulation. Fredrik Stiernstedt: Blurring the Boundaries in Practice? Economic, Organisational and Regulatory Barriers Against Native Advertising. Maria Edström: Audience Advertising Fatigue and New Alliances to Finance Content in Broadcasting. Bengt Johansson, Stina Bengtsson: On-Line Life in a Commercialised World. The Commodification of Mediated Social Relations. Crystal Abidin, Mart Ots: Influencers Tell All? Unravelling Authenticity and Credibility in a Brand Scandal. III. RESTRICTIONS AND CONTROL OF MEDIA CONTENT Torbjörn von Krogh: “Self-Regulate, or We Will Regulate Your Content”. Are State Threats of Regulation Threats to Freedom of Speech? Marta Martín-Llaguno: Limiting Market-Driven Freedom of Expression by Regulating Sexist Advertising in Spain. An Evaluation of and Some Shadows from the First Decade. David Brax: Hate Speech and the Distribution of the Costs and Benefits of Freedom of Speech. Magnus Hoem Iversen:Breaking the Ban. The Use of Televised Political Advertising in Norway.
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| 30. |
- Bolander, Eva, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Diskursanalys
- 2019. - 3
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Ingår i: handbok i kvalitativ analys. - Stockolm : Liber. - 9789147129706 ; , s. 91-115
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 31. |
- Boman, Niklas, 1984-
(författare)
-
Building muscle : a translation of training adaptation
- 2016
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Training is preparation for what is expected to come through utilization of the plastic and resistive features of nature, known as adaptation. As such, training in humans may have a number of desired goals. These are typically related to sports performance or education. Whatever the goal, a plan needs to be made for reaching it. One needs to identify or select which activities and environments constitute the event or events to which adaptation is sought. Adaptations occurs by imposing something similar to said environment and practicing the selected activities in preparation for the events that can ultimately lead to goal fulfillment.One quite common goal of physical training is to achieve a more lean and muscular physique, be it for reasons of performance or esthetics. A leaner and more muscular physique can have many advantages for health and quality of life. If we are to prepare the body’s physical capabilities and properties, they should be utilized in the preparation. By proper design and execution of a program for physical preparation, we set out on the path to achieve the goal.A factor that is often highlighted as an important key to building muscle in the human body is the steroid hormone testosterone. According to the hormone hypothesis, increases in muscle mass are achieved through transient elevations in anabolic hormones, such as testosterone and IGF1, induced by physical training. To achieve hypertrophy of the muscles through physical training, one must ensure sure that the muscles get the correct signal, the growth signal, as a result of the training.The work presented in this thesis is, in part, an examination of the hormone hypothesis, with both empirical and theoretical elements. The empirical foundations are results of an experiment in which a group of young men were subjected to a program of physical training, designed for all intents and purposes in accordance with contemporary knowledge, to result in muscular hypertrophy in the subjects. The goal was achieved, with an average 4.6% increase in lean body mass in the subjects after the training program. However, there was no evidence that anabolic hormones were elevated at any time during the measurement period.The major part of this thesis details a model for explaining the collected observations. It is not intended to merely provide a guide for achieving a leaner more muscular physique but rather is aimed at formulating the problem of inducing the desired adaptations and difficulties involved in approaching the problem. For reasons discussed in this thesis, I do not claim that this is the full and final word on the matter. However, it goes some way toward explaining why, and perhaps how, desired goals should be formulated so that the muscles may understand them.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Bruce, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
-
Språklig sårbarhet i förskola och skola : barnet, språket och pedagogiken
- 2016
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att lyfta fram betydelsen av lärandemiljön, språket och pedagogiken, och för att komma bort från ett ensidigt fokus på barnets/elevens språkliga förmåga, presenterar författarna i den här boken ett i sammanhanget helt nytt begrepp: språklig sårbarhet. Den språkliga sårbarheten uppstår som en obalans mellan barnets/elevens språkliga förutsättningar och de förväntningar som ställs på språklig förståelse och uttrycksförmåga i kunskapsutveckling och kamratrelationer. Det innebär att sårbarheten ökar i takt med att de språkliga kraven i skolan blir högre. Samtidigt blir den mer dold i kraft av att den inte längre gör sig påmind i uttalet. Boken presenterar både typisk språkutveckling och olika typer av hinder och utmaningar med fokus på pedagogiska möjligheter. Ett centralt inslag är lärares språkliga medvetenhet i syfte att möjliggöra och främja samverkan och samsyn mellan olika professioner. Språklig sårbarhet i förskola och skola vänder sig till lärare, specialpedagoger, speciallärare och logopeder – verksamma såväl som studerande – samt till alla inom elevhälsa och med ledaransvar.
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| 34. |
- Bruce, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
-
Språklig sårbarhet i förskola och skola : barnet, språket och pedagogiken
- 2016
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att lyfta fram betydelsen av lärandemiljön, språket och pedagogiken, och för att komma bort från ett ensidigt fokus på barnets/elevens språkliga förmåga, presenterar författarna i den här boken ett i sammanhanget helt nytt begrepp: språklig sårbarhet. Den språkliga sårbarheten uppstår som en obalans mellan barnets/elevens språkliga förutsättningar och de förväntningar som ställs på språklig förståelse och uttrycksförmåga i kunskapsutveckling och kamratrelationer. Det innebär att sårbarheten ökar i takt med att de språkliga kraven i skolan blir högre. Samtidigt blir den mer dold i kraft av att den inte längre gör sig påmind i uttalet. Boken presenterar både typisk språkutveckling och olika typer av hinder och utmaningar med fokus på pedagogiska möjligheter. Ett centralt inslag är lärares språkliga medvetenhet i syfte att möjliggöra och främja samverkan och samsyn mellan olika professioner. Språklig sårbarhet i förskola och skola vänder sig till lärare, specialpedagoger, speciallärare och logopeder –verksamma såväl som studerande – samt till alla inom elevhälsa och med ledaransvar.
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| 35. |
- Bunse, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Response of marine bacterioplankton pH homeostasis gene expression to elevated CO2
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - : Macmillan Publishers Ltd.. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798. ; 6:5, s. 483-487
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human-induced ocean acidification impacts marine life. Marine bacteria are major drivers of biogeochemical nutrient cycles and energy fluxes1; hence, understanding their performance under projected climate change scenarios is crucial for assessing ecosystem functioning. Whereas genetic and physiological responses of phytoplankton to ocean acidification are being disentangled2, 3, 4, corresponding functional responses of bacterioplankton to pH reduction from elevated CO2 are essentially unknown. Here we show, from metatranscriptome analyses of a phytoplankton bloom mesocosm experiment, that marine bacteria responded to lowered pH by enhancing the expression of genes encoding proton pumps, such as respiration complexes, proteorhodopsin and membrane transporters. Moreover, taxonomic transcript analysis showed that distinct bacterial groups expressed different pH homeostasis genes in response to elevated CO2. These responses were substantial for numerous pH homeostasis genes under low-chlorophyll conditions (chlorophyll a <2.5 μg l−1); however, the changes in gene expression under high-chlorophyll conditions (chlorophyll a >20 μg l−1) were low. Given that proton expulsion through pH homeostasis mechanisms is energetically costly, these findings suggest that bacterioplankton adaptation to ocean acidification could have long-term effects on the economy of ocean ecosystems.
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| 36. |
- Burman, Monica, Professor, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
-
Women's human rights in the governance of the Arctic : gender equality and violence against indigenous women
- 2018
-
Ingår i: The Yearbook of Polar Law. - : Brill | Nijhoff. - 1876-8814 .- 2211-6427. - 9789004342415 ; 9:1, s. 53-78
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies show a lack of deference and activities when it comes to women's human rights and gender equality in the multi-level governance of the Arctic. According to the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, women in the Arctic are vulnerable, in particular indigenous and rural women. Their rights are not upheld in the Arctic states for example when it comes to exposure to violence, equal participation in governing bodies, and economic self-support. The public governing bodies have almost no focus on gender equality at all, despite far-reaching international obligations and, for several of the states, national ambitious agendas for gender equality politics. International instruments with obligations to strive for gender equality, such as the CEDAW, the ILO Convention 169 and UNDRIP, are scarcely referred to and not sufficiently implemented by the public governance bodies. The aim of this article is to raise awareness of the obligations set up by human rights documents to promote women' rights in the governance of the Arctic, in order to put pressure on the states to develop strategies for a future gender equal governance. We have a special focus on the general lack of awareness within public governance, and on men's intimate partner violence against indigenous women.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Carlsson, Julia, et al.
(författare)
-
Att planera för hela skogslandskapet : utmaningar och möjligheter
- 2016
-
Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Skogens många värden behöver samplaneras och sättas i sitt sammanhang utifrån ett landskapsperspektiv. Vi intervjuade skogsägare och skogliga intressenter om hur de ser på skogens värden, äganderätten och skogspolitiska förutsättningar, samt synen på att samarbeta och ta hänsyn till varandras intressen. Vi utgår från behov identifierade i planeringsprocesser som inkluderar många deltagare och intressen, när det gäller att förbättrakommunikation, information och mötesplatser. Vi ser tre möjliga verktyg för att skapa förutsättningar för ett landskapsperspektiv i planeringen av skogens värden: en landskapslots, en samverkansarena, samt utformningen och användandet av skogsbruksplanen.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Carlsson, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Opportunites for Integrated Landscape Planning : the Broker, the Arena, the Tool
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Landscape Online. - 1865-1542. ; 55, s. 1-20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As an integrated social and ecological system, the forest landscape includes multiple values. The need for a landscape approach in land use planning is being increasingly advocated in research, policy and practice. This paper explores how institutional conditions in the forest policy and management sector can be developed to meet demands for a multifunctional landscape perspective. Departing from obstacles recognised in collaborative planning literature, we build an analytical framework which is operationalised in a Swedish context at municipal level. Our case illustrating this is Vilhelmina Model Forest, where actual barriers and opportunities for a multiple-value landscape approach are identified through 32 semi-structured interviews displaying stakeholders’ views on forest values, ownership rights and willingness to consider multiple values, forest policy and management premises, and collaboration. As an opportunity to overcome the barriers, we suggest and discuss three key components by which an integrated landscape planning approach could be realized in forest management planning: the need for a landscape coordinator (broker), the need for a collaborative forum (arena), and the development of the existing forest management plan into an advanced multifunctional landscape plan (tool).
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| 41. |
- Cheng, Xiaowen, et al.
(författare)
-
Focal, but not global, cerebral ischaemia causes loss of myenteric neurons and upregulation of vasoactive intestinal peptide in mouse ileum
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Experimental Pathology. - : Wiley. - 0959-9673. ; 99:1, s. 38-45
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reduced blood flow to the brain induces cerebral ischaemia, potentially causing central injury and peripheral complications including gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction. The pathophysiology behind GI symptoms is suspected to be neuropathy in the enteric nervous system (ENS), which is essential in regulating GI function. This study investigates if enteric neuropathy occurs after cerebral ischaemia, by analysing neuronal survival and relative numbers of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) expressing neurons in mouse ileum after three types of cerebral ischaemia. Focal cerebral ischaemia, modelled by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) and global cerebral ischaemia, modelled with either transient occlusion of both common carotid arteries followed by reperfusion (GCIR) or chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) was performed on C56BL/6 mice. Sham-operated mice for each ischaemia model served as control. Ileum was collected after 1–17 weeks, depending on model, and analysed using morphometry and immunocytochemistry. For each group, intestinal mucosa and muscle layer thicknesses, neuronal numbers and relative proportions of neurons immunoreactive (IR) for nNOS or VIP were estimated. No alterations in mucosa or muscle layer thicknesses were noted in any of the groups. Loss of myenteric neurons and an increased number of VIP-IR submucous neurons were found in mouse ileum 7 days after pMCAO. None of the global ischaemia models showed any alterations in neuronal survival or relative numbers of VIP- and nNOS-IR neurons. We conclude that focal cerebral ischaemia and global cerebral ischaemia influence enteric neuronal survival differently. This is suggested to reflect differences in peripheral neuro-immune responses.
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| 42. |
- Costello, Eugene, et al.
(författare)
-
Transhumant pastoralism in historic landscapes : Beginning a European perspective
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Historical Archaeologies of Transhumance across Europe. - : Taylor & Francis. - 9781351213387 - 9780815380320 ; , s. 1-13
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Pastoralism offers a vast field of study, and within it transhumant practices represent an important range of past and contemporary human mobility strategies. In its widest sense, transhumance may simply be described as the seasonal movement of livestock. The Oxford English Dictionary adds some environmental qualification to this by defining transhumance as “the action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle, typically to lowlands in winter and highlands in summer”. The wide-ranging geographic and social implications of such a definition mean, of course, that the study of transhumant practices permits a very wide perspective on human society, touching on themes as diverse as livestock management, economic responsiveness, social mobility and competition for land. Furthermore, use of the relative words ‘lowlands’ and ‘highlands’ means that a considerable proportion of the earth’s surface may be considered as potential settings for transhumance. There are consequently many ways in which people might conceive of and define the practice, and there has not been one, but many transhumant pastoralisms in Europe during historical times
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| 43. |
-
Dette brenner jeg for! Festskrift til Hege Brækhus 70 år
- 2019
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I dette festskriftet til Hege Brækhus bidrar et stort antall kolleger og kontakter til å anerkjenne Hege og hennes engasjement på ulike områder innenfor rettsvitenskapen i samfunnsmessig viktige spørsmål. Interessen for og betoningen av økonomien som sentral for et menneskes selvstendighet, i kombinasjon med det rent konkrete rommet, er så karakteristisk for Hege. Hun er en uvanlig person innenfor akademia, en person som har evne til å kombinere en akademisk karriere med et sterkt innslag av pragmatisme og nærhet til hverdagens praktiske aspekter, som arbeidsvilkår, lønn og karriereutvikling. Forfatterne representerer både samfunnsvitenskap og et bredt spekter av rettsvitenskap. Alle har skrevet om noe de selv brenner for - samfunnsmessige spørsmål av ulik art, behov for regelendringer, praksis man er kritisk til, osv. Boka har et stort spenn, både tematisk og ved inkludering av ulike fag, tradisjoner og metoder. Som helhet utgjør dette et festskrift som avspeiler «state of the art» når det gjelder engasjement blant forskere anno 2019.
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| 44. |
- Edström, Maria, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Cultural narratives and representations in Swedish law and media regarding age discrimination
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cultural Narratives, Processes and Strategies in Representations of Age and Aging. Graz, Austria: 27-30 April.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper explores narratives on ageing in age discrimination court cases and how they are represented in media. Sweden is a welfare state, considered good place to grow old, ranked No 3 in Global Agewatch Index 2015. However, Sweden was one of the last countries in EU to adopt legislation against age discrimination. Age has been a ground for discrimination since 2009, and so far very few cases have been brought to action. These cases, together with the media coverage of the cases, and the newspaper reporting on the role of the Discrimination Ombudsman (DO), are the empirical material. The research questions are: -What narratives of age and employment become visible in the texts? -What other factors interacts with age, such as gender, profession and ethnicity? -How does these representations relate to the ongoing challenge to society labour availability for older people and the use/misuse of their human capital and competences? The approach is interdisciplinary and takes its starting point in the capability concept used in the transdisciplinary research platform Centre for Ageing and Health, AgeCap, at the University of Gothenburg. Capability can refer to the individual’s ability to perform actions in order to reach goals he or she has reason to value. Here, in this paper. Focus is on factors on a macro level; application of laws that affect working older people and representations of media of these issues. Together they form narratives of ageing and ageism (i.e. the relation between perceptions of age and discriminatory practices).
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| 45. |
- Edström, Maria, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Trust and values for sale. Market-Driven and Democracy-driven Freedom of Expression
- 2016
-
Ingår i: In Carlsson, U. (Ed.) Freedom of Expression and Media in Transition. Studies and Reflections in the Digital Age. - Göteborg : Nordicom. - 9789187957222 ; , s. 67-74
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the common search to safeguard freedom of expression, one aspect has been less discussed than others, commercial influences on free speech. The important distinction between journalism and advertising, emphasized in both legislation and self-regulation, is perceived as a necessary condition for trust and legitimacy for media. This trust is being challenged by new types of content, such as native advertising. Values are also at risk, one example is the reluctance towards limiting gender stereotyping in advertising. The changing media landscape and the different positions and arguments can be analysed by using the conceptual distinction between market-driven and democracy-driven freedom of expression.
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| 46. |
- Ekstrand, Eva-Maria, 1985-
(författare)
-
Anaerobic digestion in the kraft pulp and paper industry : Challenges and possibilities for implementation
- 2019
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The pulp and paper industry is a large producer of wastewater and sludge, putting high pressure on waste treatment. In addition, more rigorous environmental legislation for pollution control and demands to increase the use of renewable energy have put further pressure on the pulp and paper industry’s waste treatment, where anaerobic digestion (AD) and the production of methane could pose a solution. Kraft pulping makes up 80% of the world production of virgin wood pulp, thus, the wastewaters from this sector represent a large unused potential for methane production.There are three main types of substrates available for AD at pulp and paper mills, the wastewaters, the primary sludge/fibre sludge, and the waste activated sludge. AD treatment of these streams has been associated with several challenges, such as the presence of inhibiting compounds or low degradability during AD. The aim of this thesis was to experimentally address these challenges and potentials, focusing on wastes from kraft mills.Methane potential batch tests showed that many wastewater streams still posed challenges to AD, but the alkaline elemental chlorine-free bleaching stream and the condensate effluents had good methane potentials. Further, the methane potential of kraft mill fibre sludge was high, and co-digestion of kraft mill fibre sludge and waste activated sludge was feasible in stirred tank reactors with sludge recirculation. By increasing the organic loading in a pilot-scale activated sludge facility and thereby lowering the sludge age, the degradability of the waste activated sludge was improved. The higher wastewater treatment capacity achieved by this method provides an opportunity for the mills to increase their pulp and paper production. Further, by dewatering the digestate after AD and returning the liquid to the activated sludge treatment, costs for nutrient supplementation can be reduced.In conclusion, the thesis shows that AD of wastes from the kraft pulp and paper industry was feasible and carried many benefits regarding the generation of methane as a renewable energy carrier, improved wastewater treatment and reduced costs. Different strategies on how AD may be implemented in the kraft pulp and paper industry were formulated and discussed.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Ekstrand, Eva-Maria, et al.
(författare)
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High-rate anaerobic co-digestion of kraft mill fibre sludge and activated sludge by CSTRs with sludge recirculation
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Waste Management. - : Elsevier. - 0956-053X .- 1879-2456. ; 56, s. 166-172
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kraft fibre sludge from the pulp and paper industry constitutes a new, widely available substrate for thebiogas production industry, with high methane potential. In this study, anaerobic digestion of kraft fibresludge was examined by applying continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR) with sludge recirculation.Two lab-scale reactors (4L) were run for 800 days, one on fibre sludge (R1), and the other on fibre sludgeand activated sludge (R2). Additions of Mg, K and S stabilized reactor performance. Furthermore, theCa:Mg ratio was important, and a stable process was achieved at a ratio below 16:1. Foaming was abatedby short but frequent mixing. Co-digestion of fibre sludge and activated sludge resulted in more robustconditions, and high-rate operation at stable conditions was achieved at an organic loading rate of 4 gvolatile solids (VS) L1 day1, a hydraulic retention time of 4 days and a methane production of230 ± 10 Nm L per g VS.
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| 50. |
- Ekstrand, Eva-Maria, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
The route towards stable and efficient anaerobic digestion of fibrous wastewater from pulp and paper mills in high-rate CSTRs with sludge recirculation
- 2015
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The pulp and paper industry carries high costs in wastewater treatment. By combining present techniques with anaerobic digestion (AD), expenses for electricity use and sludge disposal can be reduced. The large wastewater volumes require high-rate systems sensitive to suspended solids, and this has so far excluded treatment of the energy-rich wood fibres. In this study, AD of fibrous wastewater was examined in high-rate CSTRs with sludge recirculation. Two lab-scale reactors (4L) were run for 780 days. Once a day, reactor sludge was withdrawn and centrifuged. The main part of the supernatant was discarded, while the pellet was suspended with the substrate and returned to the reactor. This gave a sludge retention time of 10-16 days and a hydraulic retention time of 4-8 days. One reactor (denoted R1) was fed with fibre sludge, and the second reactor (denoted R2) was co-digesting fibre sludge and activated sludge. Both substrates were taken from a Kraft mill in Sweden. Initially, both reactors experienced frequent drops in pH, and continuous alkali supplements were necessary for process stability. Additions of magnesium and potassium were also needed to obtain stable process performance at an OLR of 3 g VS L-1·day-1. R1 and R2 behaved similarly, but R2 (co-digestion) was more robust with less or no fluctuations in VFA and pH. Addition of activated sludge also to R1 allowed an increase in OLR to 4 g VS L-1·day-1. In summary, stable and efficient operation of a high-rate CSTR with sludge recirculation digesting fibre sludge was achieved at an OLR of 4 g VS L-1·day-1, a HRT of 4 days and a methane production of 260±20 Nml. In addition, co-digestion with activated sludge stabilized the performance at increased OLR and thus gave more methane produced per reactor volume.
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