| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Ali, Neserin, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of nanoparticle-protein coronas formed in vitro between nanosized welding particles and nasal lavage proteins.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nanotoxicology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1743-5390 .- 1743-5404. ; 10:2, s. 226-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Welding fumes include agglomerated particles built up of primary nanoparticles. Particles inhaled through the nose will to some extent be deposited in the protein-rich nasal mucosa, and a protein corona will be formed around the particles. The aim was to identify the protein corona formed between nasal lavage proteins and four types of particles with different parameters. Two of the particles were formed and collected during welding and two were manufactured iron oxides. When nasal lavage proteins were added to the particles, differences were observed in the sizes of the aggregates that were formed. Measurements showed that the amount of protein bound to particles correlated with the relative size increase of the aggregates, suggesting that the surface area was associated with the binding capacity. However, differences in aggregate sizes were detected when nasal proteins were added to UFWF and Fe2O3 particles (having similar agglomerated size) suggesting that yet parameters other than size determine the binding. Relative quantitative mass spectrometric and gel-based analyses showed differences in the protein content of the coronas. High-affinity proteins were further assessed for network interactions. Additional experiments showed that the inhibitory function of secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor, a highly abundant nasal protein, was influenced by particle binding suggesting that an understanding of protein function following particle binding is necessary to properly evaluate pathophysiological events. Our results underscore the importance of including particles collected from real working environments when studying the toxic effects of particles because these effects might be mediated by the protein corona.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, My, et al.
(författare)
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Optogenetic control of human neurons in organotypic brain cultures
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optogenetics is one of the most powerful tools in neuroscience, allowing for selective control of specific neuronal populations in the brain of experimental animals, including mammals. We report, for the first time, the application of optogenetic tools to human brain tissue providing a proof-of-concept for the use of optogenetics in neuromodulation of human cortical and hippocampal neurons as a possible tool to explore network mechanisms and develop future therapeutic strategies.
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| 4. |
- Bengtsson, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of nasal obstruction on sleep quality : a community-based study of women
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-4477 .- 1434-4726. ; 272:1, s. 97-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to analyse the impact of self-reported nasal obstruction on sleep quality in women. A community-based sample of 400 women underwent a full night of polysomnography. Airway diseases, allergies and sleep-related symptoms were assessed by questionnaires. Women with subjective nasal obstruction were subdivided into three groups: persistent nasal obstruction (PNO, n = 46), hay fever (n = 88) and nasal obstruction at night (NON, n = 30). Sleep problems and related daytime symptoms were most prevalent among women with NON. After adjusting for age, BMI, smoking and asthma, NON was an independent predictor of 'Difficulties inducing sleep due to nasal obstruction' [adjusted odds ratio (95 % CI): 89.5 (27.0-296.7)], 'Snoring' [4.2 (1.7-10.2)], 'Sweating at night' [2.6 (1.1-6.1)], 'Difficulties maintaining sleep' [2.7 (1.2-6.2)], and 'Waking up hastily gasping for breath' [32.2 (8.7-119.1)]. 'Dry mouth on awakening' [7.7 (3.2-18.4)], 'Waking up unrefreshed' [2.7 (1.2-6.0)], 'Excessive daytime sleepiness' [2.6 (1.1-6.0)], and 'Daytime nasal obstruction' [12.2 (4.8-31.2)] were also associated with NON. Persistent nasal obstruction and hay fever were both associated with some reported sleep problems due to an overlap with NON. When women with NON were excluded, only 'Daytime nasal obstruction' was still significantly associated with PNO, while hay fever was associated with 'Daytime nasal obstruction' and 'Waking up hastily gasping for breath'. There were no significant differences in objectively measured sleep variables between any of the three subgroups and the study cohort. Self-reported nasal obstruction at night in women has a significant effect on several subjective day- and nighttime symptoms, but it does not appear to affect objectively measured sleep quality.
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| 5. |
- Boij, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Regulatory T-cell Subpopulations in Severe or Early-onset Preeclampsia
- 2015
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Ingår i: American Journal of Reproductive Immunology. - : WILEY-BLACKWELL. - 1046-7408 .- 1600-0897. ; 74:4, s. 368-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Problem A deficiency in regulatory T (Treg) cells causing reduced immune regulatory capacity has been proposed in preeclampsia. Objective Utilizing recent advances in flow cytometry phenotyping, we aimed to assess whether a deficiency of Treg subpopulations occurs in preeclampsia. Method of study Six-color flow cytometry was used for Treg phenotyping in 18 preeclamptic women (one early-onset, one severe and 16 both), 20 women with normal pregnancy, and 20 non-pregnant controls. Results No differences were found in major Treg populations including CD127(low)CD25(+)/CD127(ow)FOXP3(+), resting (FOXP3(dim)CD45RA(+)), and activated (FOXP3(bright)CD45RA(-)) Treg cells, whereas preeclamptic women showed increased CTLA-4(+) and CCR4(+) proportions within resting/activated Treg populations. Corticosteroid treatment prior to blood sampling (n = 10) affected the distribution of Treg populations. Conclusions Although we found no major alterations in circulating Treg frequencies, differences in CTLA-4(+) and CCR4(+) frequencies suggest a migratory defect of Treg cells in preeclampsia. Corticosteroid treatment should be taken into account when evaluating Treg cells.
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| 6. |
- Borestrom, C., et al.
(författare)
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A CRISP(e)R view on kidney organoids allows generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney model for drug discovery
- 2018
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Ingår i: Kidney International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0085-2538 .- 1523-1755. ; 94:6, s. 1099-1110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Development of physiologically relevant cellular models with strong translatability to human pathophysiology is critical for identification and validation of novel therapeutic targets. Herein we describe a detailed protocol for generation of an advanced 3-dimensional kidney cellular model using induced pluripotent stem cells, where differentiation and maturation of kidney progenitors and podocytes can be monitored in live cells due to CRISPR/Cas9-mediated fluorescent tagging of kidney lineage markers (SIX2 and NPHS1). Utilizing these cell lines, we have refined the previously published procedures to generate a new, higher throughput protocol suitable for drug discovery. Using paraffin-embedded sectioning and whole-mount immunostaining, we demonstrated that organoids grown in suspension culture express key markers of kidney biology (WT1, ECAD, LTL, nephrin) and vasculature (CD31) within renal cortical structures with microvilli, tight junctions and podocyte foot processes visualized by electron microscopy. Additionally, the organoids resemble the adult kidney transcriptomics profile, thereby strengthening the translatability of our in vitro model. Thus, development of human nephron-like structures in vitro fills a major gap in our ability to assess the effect of potential treatment on key kidney structures, opening up a wide range of possibilities to improve clinical translation.
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| 7. |
- Dahlberg-Grundberg, Michael, 1983-
(författare)
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Digital media and the transnationalization of protests
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recent developments in communications technology have transformed how social movements might mobilize, and how they can organize their activities. This thesis explores some of the geographical consequences of the use of digital media for political activism. It does this by focusing on the transnationalization of protests. The aim is to analyse how movements with different organizational structures and political scopes are affected by their use of digital media. This is done with a specific focus on how digital media use influences or enables transnational modes of organization and activism. The thesis comprises four different case studies where each study examines a social movement with a specific organizational structure. There are, however, also important similarities between the movements. In each study, somewhat different perspectives and methodological approaches are used. Some of the methods used are semi-structured interviews, content analysis of written data (retrieved from Facebook as well as Twitter), and social network analysis.The analysis indicates that digital media do have a role in the transnationalization of protest. This role, however, differs depending on what type of social movement one studies. The organizational structure of social movements, together with their specific forms of digital media use, influences how the transnationalization of protests and movements is articulated and formed. In cases where a social movement has a hierarchical organizational structure, there is less transnationalization, whereas in social movements with a more non-hierarchical organizational structure one sees more transnationalization. The thesis concludes that the transnationalization of protests is affected by social movements’ organizational structure. The more decentralized the social movement, the more vibrant the transnational public. In order to explain how transnational social movements, using digital media, can emerge in cases where geographical distances might make such coalitions unlikely, the thesis introduces the notion of affectual proximity. This concept helps us understand how transnational social movements, connecting actors from all over the world, can emerge through digital media.
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| 8. |
- Grankvist, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) of clinical "CandidatusNeoehrlichia mikurensis" strains from Europe.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 1098-660X. ; 53:10, s. 3126-3132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CandidatusNeoehrlichia mikurensis is the tick-borne agent of neoehrlichiosis, an infectious disease that primarily affects immunocompromised patients. So far, the genetic variability of Neoehrlichia has been studied only by comparing 16S rRNA gene and groEL operon sequences. We describe the development and use of a multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) protocol to characterize the genetic diversity of clinicalNeoehrlichiastrains in Europe and their relatedness to other species within the Anaplasmataceae family.Six genes were selected:ftsZ, clpB, gatB,lipA,groEL and 16SrRNA. Each MLSA locus was amplified by real-time PCR, and the PCR-products sequenced. Phylogenetic trees of MLSA locus relatedness were constructed from aligned sequences. Blood samples from 12 patients with confirmed Neoehrlichia infection from Sweden (n = 9), the Czech Republic (n = 2) and Germany (n = 1) were analyzed with the MLSA protocol.Threeof the Swedish strains exhibited identical lipA sequences, while the lipA sequences of the strains from the other nine patients were identical to each other.One of the Czech strains had one differing nucleotide in the clpB sequence from the sequences of the other 11 strains. All 12 strains had identical sequences for the genes 16SrRNA,ftsZ, gatB, and groEL.According to the MLSA, Neoehrlichia is most closely related to E. ruminantium, less so to A. phagocytophilum and least to Wolbachiaendosymbiont, among the Anaplasmataceae.To conclude, three sequence types of infectious Neoehrlichia wereidentified: one in the west of Sweden, one in the Czech Republic, and one spread throughout Europe.
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| 9. |
- Gustafson, Birgit, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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BMP4 and BMP antagonists regulate human white and beige adipogenesis.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1939-327X .- 0012-1797. ; 64:5, s. 1670-1681
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The limited expandability of subcutaneous adipose tissue, due to reduced ability to recruit and differentiate new adipocytes, prevents its buffering effect in obesity and is characterized by expanded adipocytes (hypertrophic obesity). Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) plays a key role in regulating adipogenic precursor cell commitment and differentiation. We found BMP4 to be induced and secreted by differentiated (pre)adipocytes and BMP4 protein was increased in large adipose cells. However, the precursor cells exhibited a resistance to BMP4 due to increased secretion of the BMP inhibitor Gremlin-1 (GREM1). GREM1 is secreted by (pre)adipocytes and is an inhibitor of both BMP4 and BMP7. BMP4 alone, and/or silencing GREM1, increased transcriptional activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and promoted the preadipocytes to assume an oxidative beige/brown adipose phenotype including markers of increased mitochondria and PGC1α. Driving white adipose differentiation inhibited the beige/brown markers suggesting the presence of multipotent adipogenic precursor cells. However, silencing GREM1 and/or adding BMP4 during white adipogenic differentiation re-activated beige/brown markers suggesting that increased BMP4 preferentially regulates the beige/brown phenotype. Thus BMP4, secreted by white adipose cells, is an integral feedback regulator of both white and beige adipogenic commitment and differentiation and resistance to BMP4 by GREM1 characterizes hypertrophic obesity.
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| 10. |
- Halvarsson Lundkvist, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Conditions Enabling Development in National Lean Programmes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Leadership & Organization Development Journal. - 0143-7739 .- 1472-5347.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this article is to identify work practices and activities at programme and local levels which constitute conditions that enable development in workplace development programmes (WPDPs). These are introduced by public agencies as change agents that provide the resources for local organizational change. Design/methodology/approach – The study constituted separate interactive research projects in three WPDPs conducted through a total of 256 interviews and documentation from meetings. The findings were compared in a qualitative content analysis. Findings – The outcomes of development processes in the programmes and local Lean implementation are enabled by the interplay of three conditions: a) organized learning activities with the stakeholders involved, b) key stakeholders’ active ownership and c) support for employee participation. The three conditions thus support programme management in leading the programme development processes. Research limitations/implications - The findings operationalize broad theoretical concepts. However, the research projects involved were not originally designed for this comparative study, which created some difficulties when performing the analysis. The longitudinal design and vast amount of data partly compensate for this. Practical implications – This knowledge will be helpful in the formation of new WPDPs that support local organizational development and for those who lead such processes. Originality/value – The novelty of the findings is the operationalization of broad theoretical concepts, such as the conditions that support development programmes. Moreover, this article shows a set of work practices and activities that management may be used in organizing WPDPs.
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| 11. |
- Isaksson, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of species identification of endocarditis associated viridans streptococci using rnpB genotyping and 2 MALDI-TOF systems
- 2015
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 81:4, s. 240-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Streptococcus spp. are important causes of infective endocarditis but challenging in species identification. This study compared identification based on sequence determination of the rnpB gene with 2 systems of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, MALDI Biotyper (Bruker) and VITEK MS IVD (bioMerieux). Blood culture isolates of viridans streptococci from 63 patients with infective endocarditis were tested. The 3 methods showed full agreement for all 36 isolates identified in the Anginosus, Bovis, and Mutans groups or identified as Streptococcus cristatus, Streptococcus gordonii, or Streptococcus sanguinis. None of the methods could reliably identify the 23 isolates to the species level when designated as Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, or Streptococcus tigurinus. In 7 isolates classified to the Mitis group, the rnpB sequences deviated strikingly from all reference sequences, and additional analysis of sodA and groEL genes indicated the occurrence of yet unidentified Streptococcus spp. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Lindvall, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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The diurnal temperature range in the CMIP5 models
- 2015
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Ingår i: Climate Dynamics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0930-7575 .- 1432-0894. ; 44:1-2, s. 405-421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes the diurnal temperature range (DTR) over land in simulations of the recent past and in future projections by 20 models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5). The annually averaged DTR is evaluated for the present-day climate using two gridded datasets (HadGHCND and CRU). The DTR varies substantially between different CMIP5 models, particularly in the subtropics, and is generally underestimated. In future projections of the high emission scenario RCP8.5, the models disagree on both the sign and the magnitude of the change in DTR. Still, a majority of the models project a globally averaged reduction in the DTR, with an increase over Europe, a decrease over the Sahara desert and a substantial decrease in DTR at high latitudes in winter. The general DTR reduction is partly linked to the enhancement of the downwelling clear sky longwave radiation due to greenhouse gases. At high latitudes in winter, the decrease in DTR seems to be enforced by an increase in cloudiness, but in most other regions counteracted by decreases in cloud fraction. Changes in the hydrological cycle and in the clear sky shortwave radiation also impact the DTR. The DTR integrates many processes and neither the model differences in the DTR nor in the change in DTR can be attributed to a single parameter. Which variables that impact the model discrepancies vary both regionally and seasonally. However, clouds seem to matter in most regions and seasons and the evaporative fraction is important in summer.
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| 18. |
- Lindvall, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of changes in parameterizations of surface drag and vertical diffusion on the large-scale circulation in the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM5)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Climate Dynamics. - : Springer. - 0930-7575 .- 1432-0894. ; 48:11, s. 3741-3758
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulations with the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) are used to analyze the sensitivity of the large-scale circulation to changes in parameterizations of orographic surface drag and vertical diffusion. Many GCMs and NWP models use enhanced turbulent mixing in stable conditions to improve simulations, while CAM5 cuts off all turbulence at high stabilities and instead employs a strong orographic surface stress parameterization, known as turbulent mountain stress (TMS). TMS completely dominates the surface stress over land and reduces the near-surface wind speeds compared to simulations without TMS. It is found that TMS is generally beneficial for the large-scale circulation as it improves zonal wind speeds, Arctic sea level pressure and zonal anomalies of the 500-hPa stream function, compared to ERA-Interim. It also alleviates atmospheric blocking frequency biases in the Northern Hemisphere. Using a scheme that instead allows for a modest increase of turbulent diffusion at higher stabilities only in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) appears to in some aspects have a similar, although much smaller, beneficial effect as TMS. Enhanced mixing throughout the atmospheric column, however, degrades the CAM5 simulation. Evaluating the simulations in comparison with detailed measurements at two locations reveals that TMS is detrimental for the PBL at the flat grassland ARM Southern Great Plains site, giving too strong wind turning and too deep PBLs. At the Sodankyla forest site, the effect of TMS is smaller due to the larger local vegetation roughness. At both sites, all simulations substantially overestimate the boundary layer ageostrophic flow.
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| 19. |
- Lindvall, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Wind turning in the atmospheric boundary layer over land
- 2019
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Ingår i: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. - : Wiley. - 0035-9009 .- 1477-870X. ; 145:724, s. 3074-3088
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A climatology of the boundary-layer wind-turning angle over land is presented based on radiosonde observations from 800 stations in the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA). The dependence of the wind turning on a suite of parameters is analyzed. Results from previous studies indicating the importance of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) stratification for the angle of wind turning are confirmed here. A clear increase in the wind-turning angle with wind speed, particularly for stratified conditions, is also evident. According to Rossby number similarity theory, the cross-isobaric angle for a neutral and barotropic boundary layer decreases with increasing surface Rossby number, Ro. The IGRA observations indicate that this dependence on Ro might partly be linked to the dependence of the stratification on the wind speed, a dependence that seems to prevail even for the high wind speeds, a criterion that traditionally is used to approximate a neutral PBL. The vertical distribution of the turning of the wind is analyzed using the high-resolution Stratospheric Processes And their Role in Climate (SPARC) data. For unstable cases, there is a maximum in the directional wind shear around the PBL top, whereas for the most stable class of cases there is a maximum near the surface. The wind-turning angles from observations are also compared with values obtained from ERA-Interim reanalysis fields, also presented over ocean. ERA-Interim underestimates the magnitude of the wind-turning angles as well as the range. Furthermore, the midlatitude cross-isobaric mass transport is estimated using the IGRA data. This transport is generally underestimated by ERA-Interim, likely related to the too small wind-turning angles.
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| 20. |
- Magnusson, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life of prosthetic and orthotic users in South India : A cross-sectional study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1477-7525. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to compare QOL among people in India using lower-limb prostheses or orthoses with people without disability. A further aim was to compare subgroups and investigate whether QOL was associated with physical disability, gender, income, living area, and education. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study in which the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref was used to collect self-reported data. A total of 277 participants from India were included, 155 with disability and 122 without. Group comparisons were conducted using the Mann-Whitney U and the Kruskal-Wallis tests and associations were explored using regression analyses of the four QOL domains: physical health, psychological, social relationships, and environment. Results: Participants with physical disability scored significantly lower than did participants without disability in three of the four QOL domains, i.e., physical health, (Median 14.29 vs 16.29; p <.001) psychological, (Median 14.67 vs. 15.33; p =.017) and environment (Median13.00 vs 14.00; p =.006). For people with disability those with no or irregular income and those not attending school having the lowest QOL scores in all four domains. Education was associated with all four QOL domains and income was associated with psychological and environment. Living in urban slums was associated with a higher risk of lower QOL in three QOL domains, i.e., physical health, psychology, and environment. Conclusions: Despite rehabilitation services, people with physical disability experienced lower QOL in terms of the physical health, psychological, and environmental domains than did people without disability. Community-based rehabilitation programmes for prosthetic and orthotic users need to increase and improve their rehabilitation services to increase income and improve access to education. Priority could be given to those who have no or irregular income, live in urban slums, and have not attended school to further improve their QOL.
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| 21. |
- Pausata, Francesco S. R., et al.
(författare)
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Climate effects of a hypothetical regional nuclear war : Sensitivity to emission duration and particle composition
- 2016
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Ingår i: Earth's Future. - 2328-4277. ; 4:11, s. 498-511
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here, we use a coupled atmospheric-ocean-aerosol model to investigate the plume development and climate effects of the smoke generated by fires following a regional nuclear war between emerging third-world nuclear powers. We simulate a standard scenario where 5 Tg of black carbon (BC) is emitted over 1 day in the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere. However, it is likely that the emissions from the fires ignited by bomb detonations include a substantial amount of particulate organic matter (POM) and that they last more than 1 day. We therefore test the sensitivity of the aerosol plume and climate system to the BC/POM ratio (1:3, 1:9) and to the emission length (1 day, 1 week, 1 month). We find that in general, an emission length of 1 month substantially reduces the cooling compared to the 1-day case, whereas taking into account POM emissions notably increases the cooling and the reduction of precipitation associated with the nuclear war during the first year following the detonation. Accounting for POM emissions increases the particle size in the short-emission-length scenarios (1 day/1week), reducing the residence time of the injected particle. While the initial cooling is more intense when including POM emission, the long-lasting effects, while still large, may be less extreme compared to the BC-only case. Our study highlights that the emission altitude reached by the plume is sensitive to both the particle type emitted by the fires and the emission duration. Consequently, the climate effects of a nuclear war are strongly dependent on these parameters.
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| 22. |
- Rindzevičiūtė, Egle, et al.
(författare)
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The international transfer of creative industries as a policy idea
- 2016
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Cultural Policy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1028-6632 .- 1477-2833. ; 22:4, s. 594-610
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines the transfer of creative industries as a policy idea to Lithuania. Tracing the stages of the transfer and analysing its consequences in the local cultural policy field, this paper argues for the importance of studying cultural policy process. The findings reveal that the process of the international transfer of creative industries mattered, because it generated wider transformations in cultural policy field by having ambiguous effects on local power relations. The policy idea of creative industries opened the cultural policy field to new actors. As a result, competition for scarce state funding increased, but cultural organisations gained access to the European Union structural funds. In all, creative industries as a policy idea significantly transformed Lithuanian state cultural policy, in that it led to a reassessment of both the practices and identities of cultural organisations.
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| 23. |
- Ryan, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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Cycling and cycling cessation in later life : Findings from the city of Malmö
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport & Health. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 2214-1405 .- 2214-1413. ; 3:1, s. 38-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to gain a greater insight into cycling as an element of mobility among those in later life. The characteristics and views of those who cycle, those who have never cycled, as well as those who have discontinued cycling in later life are the main focus. Malmö, a city in the south of Sweden with a strong emphasis on bicycle planning, is the study area. This study employed a mixed methods approach. The quantitative element comprised a survey which aimed to capture the trends at play when it comes to cycling within this age group. The qualitative element encompassed two focus groups which were carried out in order to gain a deeper insight into older persons' perspectives and perceptions with respect to cycling. The study's findings illustrate the very positive and important role cycling can play in the mobility of older persons in the city of Malmö. It is not only possible but also mostly enjoyable for many older people to cycle. Cycling is a facilitator of activities and is largely associated with convenience and ease. There are clear differences between cyclists and non-cyclists, with the former generally having a wider range of mobility opportunities available to them. Cycling cessation is anticipated as a very distressing, yet inevitable, life event by those who still cycle. The results of this study suggest that campaigns aimed at increasing the awareness and consideration of other road users towards older cyclists, as well as the introduction of clearer and more visible signage could support older cyclists in prolonging their cycling, as well as improving the experience they have as they do cycle. Increasing awareness of the health benefits of cycling could be another means of encouraging people to continue cycling as they age.
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| 24. |
- Ryan, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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Cycling in later life : To cycle or not to cycle
- 2015
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Ingår i: TRANSED 2015. - 9789892062624 ; , s. B335-B336
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The importance of introducing measures to increase the modal share of cycling has come to the fore in both policy and research in recent years. The benefits of increased cycling are wide-ranging; with cycling often considered to contribute to more attractive public spaces, increased safety, and more sustainable urban life.Different parts of the world are seeing an increase in the modal share of cycling. However, these increases are largely attributed to commuter traffic, with older persons somewhat underrepresented. There is, however, some evidence to suggest that developing strategies for cycling promotion across the lifespan, and particularly into later life, would allow people to continue travelling by bicycle as they age. While much is known about the car and the importance of the car in facilitating mobility in later life, much less is known about cycling and its role in the mobility of older persons.Employing a mixed method approach, this study aims to gain a greater insight into cycling as a mode of transport among those in later life. The study explores (1) the key differences between older cyclists and older noncyclists; (2) the perceptions of older cyclists in relation to cycling as a mode of transport; and (3) the factors which are associated with cycling cessation in later life.Malmö, a city in the south of Sweden with a strong emphasis on bicycle planning, is the study area. The city of Malmö is an interesting case as Malmö Municipality has put a strong emphasis on its aim for cycling to be apart of its inhabitants’ everyday lives.A survey aimed to capture the trends at play when it comes to cycling among those aged 65-85 living in Malmö city (N = 456). Two focus groups were carried out in order to gain a deeper insight into older persons’ perspectives and perceptions with respect to cycling. The focus group discussion guide comprised two main themes: ‘Reasons for cycling/not cycling’; and ‘The cycling experience in Malmö’.The key differences between older cyclists and older non-cyclists were focused around the factors of gender; health and activity; mobility opportunities; and life course and intentions.Cycling cessation was associated with those who do not participate in all desired activities, those who do not have access to a car in the household and those who do not associate cycling with health. The only variable associated with a higher odds of having ceased cycling was age, meaning that, by and large, the older the respondent the more likely he/she is to have ceased cycling.The study’s findings illustrated the very positive and important role cycling can play in the mobility of older persons in the city of Malmö. It is not only possible but also mostly enjoyable for many older people to cycle. Cycling is a facilitator of activities and is largely associated with convenience and ease.There are clear differences between cyclists and non-cyclists, with the former generally having a wider range of mobility opportunities available to them. Cycling cessation is anticipated as a very distressing, yet inevitable, life event by those who still cycle.The results of this study suggest that campaigns aimed at increasing the awareness and consideration of other road users towards older cyclists, as well as the introduction of clearer and more visible signage could support older cyclists in prolonging their cycling, as well as improving the experience they have as they do cycle. Increasing awareness of the health benefits of cycling could be another means of encouraging people to continue cycling as they age.
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| 25. |
- Ryan, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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Cycling in later life : To cycle or not to cycle
- 2015
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Ingår i: TRANSED 2015. - : Técnico Lisboa. - 9789892062624 ; , s. B335-B336
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The importance of introducing measures to increase the modal share of cycling has come to the fore in both policy and research in recent years. The benefits of increased cycling are wide-ranging; with cycling often considered to contribute to more attractive public spaces, increased safety, and more sustainable urban life. However, these increases are largely attributed to commuter traffic, with older persons somewhat underrepresented. There is, however, some evidence to suggest that developing strategies for cycling promotion across the lifespan, and particularly into later life, would allow people to continue travelling by bicycle as they age. Employing a mixed method approach, this study aims to gain a greater insight into cycling as a mode of transport among those in later life. The study explores (1) the key differences between older cyclists and older non-cyclists; (2) the perceptions of older cyclists in relation to cycling as a mode of transport; and (3) the factors which are associated with cycling cessation in later life. A survey aimed to capture the trends at play when it comes to cycling among those aged 65-85 living in Malmö city. Two focus groups were carried out in order to gain a deeper insight into older persons’ perspectives and perceptions with respect to cycling. The focus group discussion guide comprised two main themes: ‘Reasons for cycling/not cycling’; and ‘The cycling experience in Malmö’. The results of this study suggest that campaigns aimed at increasing the awareness and consideration of other road users towards older cyclists, as well as the introduction of clearer and more visible signage could support older cyclists in prolonging their cycling, as well as improving the experience they have as they do cycle. Increasing awareness of the health benefits of cycling could be another means of encouraging people to continue cycling as they age.
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| 26. |
- Ryan, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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Cycling in later life: To cycle or not to cycle
- 2015
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Ingår i: TRANSED 2015: Proceedings from the 14th International Conference on Mobility and Transport for Elderly and Disabled Persons.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 27. |
- Sprenger, Janina, et al.
(författare)
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Three-dimensional structures of Plasmodium falciparum spermidine synthase with bound inhibitors suggest new strategies for drug design.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica. Section D: Biological Crystallography. - 1399-0047. ; 71:Pt 3, s. 484-493
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The enzymes of the polyamine-biosynthesis pathway have been proposed to be promising drug targets in the treatment of malaria. Spermidine synthase (SpdS; putrescine aminopropyltransferase) catalyzes the transfer of the aminopropyl moiety from decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine to putrescine, leading to the formation of spermidine and 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA). In this work, X-ray crystallography was used to examine ligand complexes of SpdS from the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum (PfSpdS). Five crystal structures were determined of PfSpdS in complex with MTA and the substrate putrescine, with MTA and spermidine, which was obtained as a result of the enzymatic reaction taking place within the crystals, with dcAdoMet and the inhibitor 4-methylaniline, with MTA and 4-aminomethylaniline, and with a compound predicted in earlier in silico screening to bind to the active site of the enzyme, benzimidazol-(2-yl)pentan-1-amine (BIPA). In contrast to the other inhibitors tested, the complex with BIPA was obtained without any ligand bound to the dcAdoMet-binding site of the enzyme. The complexes with the aniline compounds and BIPA revealed a new mode of ligand binding to PfSpdS. The observed binding mode of the ligands, and the interplay between the two substrate-binding sites and the flexible gatekeeper loop, can be used in the design of new approaches in the search for new inhibitors of SpdS.
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| 28. |
- Svensson, Anette, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Litteraturdidaktiken omkring oss
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Berättelser i olika former, till exempel dikter, romaner, seriemagasin, datorspel, filmer och tvserier finns runt omkring oss och utgör en stor del av barns och ungdomars fritid (Lundström & Svensson, 2017; Statens medieråd, 2017a; Statens medieråd, 2017b). Det är inte ovanligt att barn och ungdomar, men även vuxna, tar del av samma berättelse, eller delar därav, i olika medieformat, till exempel läser boken, ser filmen, läser och skriver fanfiktion och lyssnar på soundtracket. Att skapa nya versioner av berättelser, speciellt i olika medier, är ständigt pågående processer och detta skapande bidrar till ett informellt lärande, men kan även användas i en formell skolkontext för att nå och synliggöra olika lärandeprocesser (Svensson & Haglind, kommande).Mot bakgrund av de berättelser i olika text och medieformat som finns omkring oss vill vi undersöka den litteraturdidaktik som finns eller möjliggörs omkring oss. Presentationens primära fokus är genreöverskridande/transmedialitet och skapandet av nya re-presentationer, det vill säga nya berättelser som bygger på hela eller delar av en (kärn)berättelse och det lärande som detta skapande uppmuntrar eller genererar.Det exempel på berättelser omkring oss som utgör bas för presentationen är tv-programmet Helt lyriskt, som uppmuntrar till en ökad förståelse för berättelser, i det här fallet dikter, beträffande såväl innebörd som komposition, samt det analysarbete som ligger bakom ett omskapande av berättelser och den kunskap detta medför.ReferenserLundström, S., & Svensson, A. (2017). Ungdomars fiktionsvanor. Forskning om undervisning och lärande 17(2), 30-51. Statens medieråd. (2017). Ungar & Medier 2017. Stockholm: Statens medieråd. Statens medieråd. (2017). Småungar & Medier 2017. Stockholm: Statens medieråd. Svensson, A., & Haglind, T. (kommande). Textuniversum och gränsöverskridande lärande. Att arbeta med kreativt lärande i gymnasieskolans litteraturundervisning. Grænsegængere og grænsedragninger i nordisk modersmålsdidaktik.
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| 29. |
- Svensson, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics of airborne gold aggregates generated by spark discharge and high temperature evaporation furnace: Mass-mobility relationship and surface area
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Aerosol Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-8502. ; 87, s. 38-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The properties of gas-borne aggregates are important in nano-technology and for potential health effects. Gold aggregates from three generators (one commercial and one custom built spark discharge generator and one high-temperature furnace) have been characterized. The aggregate surface areas were determined using five approaches - based on aggregation theory and/or measured aggregate properties. The characterization included mass-mobility relationships, effective densities (assessed by an Aerosol Particles Mass analyzer), primary particle analysis (based on Transmission Electron Microscopy), as well as total mass and number concentration outputs. The relationships between mass and mobility are well described by power-law functions with exponents of 2.18-2.35. For all generators, the primary particles of the aggregates were fused together by a bridge with a diameter typically similar to 60-70% of the primary particle diameter (5-10 nm). The total mass outputs were 6.1-48.1 mg/m3 and the predicted surface area outputs in the range 0.9 x 10(-3)-17 x 10(-3) cm(2)/cm(3). The aggregate effective densities differed considerably between generators. The difference could partly be explained by the differences in primary particle diameter, but not fully. This in turn may be explained either by a varying primary particle size with aggregate size, or by that there are slight differences in the morphology of the aggregates from the generators. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Svensson, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of an air–liquid interface toxicological set-up using Cu, Pd, and Ag well-characterized nanostructured aggregates and spheres
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Nanoparticle Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1388-0764 .- 1572-896X. ; 18:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: Systems for studying the toxicity of metal aggregates on the airways are normally not suited for evaluating the effects of individual particle characteristics. This study validates a set-up for toxicological studies of metal aggregates using an air–liquid interface approach. The set-up used a spark discharge generator capable of generating aerosol metal aggregate particles and sintered near spheres. The set-up also contained an exposure chamber, The Nano Aerosol Chamber for In Vitro Toxicity (NACIVT). The system facilitates online characterization capabilities of mass mobility, mass concentration, and number size distribution to determine the exposure. By dilution, the desired exposure level was controlled. Primary and cancerous airway cells were exposed to copper (Cu), palladium (Pd), and silver (Ag) aggregates, 50–150 nm in median diameter. The aggregates were composed of primary particles 2, respectively, were achieved. Viability was measured by WST-1 assay, cytokines (Il-6, Il-8, TNF-a, MCP) by Luminex technology. Statistically significant effects and dose response on cytokine expression were observed for SAEC cells after exposure to Cu, Pd, or Ag particles. Also, a positive dose response was observed for SAEC viability after Cu exposure. For A549 cells, statistically significant effects on viability were observed after exposure to Cu and Pd particles. The set-up produced a stable flow of aerosol particles with an exposure and dose expressed in terms of number, mass, and surface area. Exposure-related effects on the airway cellular models could be asserted. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
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| 32. |
- Svensson, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
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Veterinary herd health management : Experience among farmers and farm managers in Swedish dairy production
- 2018
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Ingår i: Preventive Veterinary Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0167-5877 .- 1873-1716. ; 155, s. 45-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A preventive herd health approach will most likely reduce incidences of clinical and subclinical disease. Swedish veterinary organizations offer specific veterinary herd health management (HHM) programs, but these services are not used to a large extent. The aim of this study was to investigate dairy farmers' experience of HHM and the conditions for collaboration with veterinarians in HHM. Six focus group discussions were conducted in March 2015 in West Sweden. In total, 33 dairy farmers participated. The recordings were transcribed and coded using thematic analysis, and the transcripts were reviewed to identify potential factors indicating barriers for farmers to engage a veterinarian in HHM. The participants reported HHM to be important, but they had difficulty defining the actions included in the concept. They described a wide range of their work duties as preventive. The farmers' list of potential contributions by the veterinarians in HHM was strikingly short compared to the considerable number of preventive measures they performed themselves. Four main obstacles for farmers and farm managers to engage a veterinarian in HHM on their farm were identified in the analysis: "costs", "veterinary knowledge, skills, and organization", "farmer attitudes", and "veterinarian-farmer relationships". Costs were proposed as the main reason against engaging a veterinarian in HHM and included a high veterinary bill, low cost-benefit of veterinary services, and high costs to implement advice. Poor veterinary competence in HHM and poor knowledge about effective measures, practical farming, and farm economics were other important obstacles. Veterinarians were perceived to insufficiently describe their services and their benefits, and several participants felt they had never been offered veterinary HHM. Although veterinary HHM may be initiated by the farmer, the participants expected the veterinarian to have special responsibility for the initiation. A firm trust between farmer, staff, and veterinarian was considered crucial for veterinary HHM, but such trust takes a long time to build and can easily be disrupted by, for example, a veterinarian's poor communication skills or lack of time. Our findings suggest that Swedish dairy farmers and herd managers find disease prevention important and that they perform a wide range of tasks to prevent disease in their animals. However, they do not see what role the veterinarian can play, and veterinarians were mainly associated with treating unhealthy cows. In order to increase the use of veterinary HHM programs the services and potential benefits of such programs need to be communicated more proactively.
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| 33. |
- Svensson, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a corrected implementation of a method of simulating pulmonary nodules in chest tomosynthesis.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta radiologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 1600-0455 .- 0284-1851. ; 58:4, s. 408-413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method of simulating pulmonary nodules in tomosynthesis images has previously been developed and evaluated. An unknown feature of a rounding function included in the computer code was later found to introduce an artifact, affecting simulated nodules in low-signal regions of the images. The computer code has now been corrected.To perform a thorough evaluation of the corrected nodule-simulation method, comparing the detection rate and visual appearance of artificial nodules with those of real nodules in an observer performance experiment.A cohort of 64 patients with a total of 129 pulmonary nodules was used in the study. Artificial nodules, each matching a corresponding real nodule by size, attenuation, and anatomical location, were generated and simulated into the tomosynthesis images of the different patients. The detection rate and visual appearance of artificial nodules generated using both the corrected and uncorrected computer code were compared to those of real nodules. The results were evaluated using modified receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.The difference in detection rate between artificial and real nodules slightly increased using the corrected computer code (uncorrected code: area under the curve [AUC], 0.47; 95% CI, 0.43-0.51; corrected code: AUC, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.38-0.46). The visual appearance was however substantially improved using the corrected computer code (uncorrected code: AUC, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.63-0.76; corrected code: AUC, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.29-0.65).The computer code including a correct rounding function generates simulated nodules that are more visually realistic than simulated nodules generated using the uncorrected computer code, but have a slightly different detection rate compared to real nodules.
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| 34. |
- Svensson, Frida, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of an improved implementation of a method of simulating pulmonary nodules in chest tomosynthesis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Optimisation in X-ray and Molecular Imaging 2015 - the Fourth Malmö Conference on Medical Imaging, Gothenburg, Sweden, 28-30 May 2015.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: At the previous Malmö Conference on Medical Imaging, Svalkvist et al presented a method of simulating the presence of pulmonary nodules in chest tomosynthesis images through using computer simulations. The method was later evaluated in an observer study that revealed that although the artificial lung nodules had similar detectability as real nodules, experienced thoracic radiologists to some extent were able to distinguish them from real nodules. Recently, an error was found in the code used to generate the simulated nodules in the evaluation study. This error has now been corrected. The purpose of the present work was to perform a thorough evaluation of the corrected implementation of the nodule simulation method for chest tomosynthesis, comparing the detection rate and appearance of the artificial nodules with those of real nodules in an observer performance experiment. Material and methods: A cohort consisting of 64 patients, 38 patients with a total of 129 identified pulmonary nodules and 26 patients without identified pulmonary nodules, was used in the study. Simulated nodules, matching the real clinically found pulmonary nodules by size, attenuation, and location, were created and randomly inserted into the tomosynthesis section images of the patients. Three thoracic radiologists reviewed the images in an observer performance study divided into two parts. The first part included nodule detection and the second part included rating of the visual appearance of the nodules. The results were evaluated using a modified receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results and conclusions: The data collection is not complete and the final results will be presented at the conference. A preliminary analysis indicates that the corrected code increases the similarity between the artificial nodules and real nodules and that the validity of the implemented method thus has increased.
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| 35. |
- Svensson, Filip, et al.
(författare)
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In situ warming strengthens trophic cascades in a coastal food web
- 2017
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Ingår i: Oikos. - : Wiley. - 0030-1299 .- 1600-0706. ; 126:8, s. 1150-1161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global warming may affect most organisms and their interactions. Theory and simple mesocosm experiments suggest that consumer top-down control over primary producer biomass should strengthen with warming, since consumer respiration increases faster with warming than plant photosynthesis. However, these predictions have so far not been tested on natural communities that have experienced warming over many generations. Natural systems display a higher diversity, heterogeneity and complexity than mesocosms, which could alter predicted effects of warming. Here we used an artificially heated part of the northern Baltic Sea (the Forsmark Biotest basin) to test how warming influences trophic interactions in a shallow coastal food web with four trophic levels: omnivorous fish, invertivorous fish, herbivorous invertebrates, and filamentous macroalgae. Monitoring of fish assemblages over six years showed that small invertivorous fish (gobiids, sticklebacks and minnows) were much less abundant in the heated basin than in unheated references areas. Stomach content analyses of the dominating omnivorous fish - Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis - revealed a strikingly different diet within and outside the Biotest basin; gammarid crustaceans were the dominating prey at heated sites, whereas invertivorous fish (e.g. gobiids) dominated at unheated sites. A 45-day cage experiment showed that fish exclusion did not affect the biomass of algal herbivores (gastropods and gammarids), but reduced algal biomass in heated sites (but not unheated). This suggests that warming induced a trophic cascade from fish to algae, and that this effect was mediated by predator-induced changes in herbivore behavior, rather than number. Overall, our study suggests that warming has effectively compressed the food chain from four to three trophic levels (algae, gammarids and perch), which have benefitted the primary producers by reducing grazing pressure. Consequently, warming appears to have restructured this coastal food web through a combination of direct (physiological) and indirect (species interactions) effects.
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| 36. |
- Svensson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Near-Surface Variables and the Vertical Structure of the Boundary Layer in CMIP5 Models
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Climate. - 0894-8755 .- 1520-0442. ; 28:13, s. 5233-5253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The diurnal cycles of near-surface variables and turbulent heat fluxes are evaluated in 16 models from phase 5 of CMIP (CMIP5) and compared with observations from 26 flux tower sites. The diurnal cycle of 2-m temperature agrees well in general with what is observed. The amplitude of the diurnal cycle of wind speed shows a large intermodel spread and is often overestimated at midlatitude grassland sites and underestimated at midlatitude forest sites. There is a substantial systematic negative bias in the nighttime net surface radiative flux, which is partly compensated for by the turbulent heat fluxes. Four models (CESM1, BCC_CSM1.1, HadGEM2-A, and IPSL-CM5A) are evaluated in more detail, including the vertical structure of the atmospheric boundary layer, at the ARM Southern Great Plains site in Oklahoma. At that site, all models tend to frequently overestimate the boundary layer depth and the wind turning in the boundary layer reveals large intermodel differences. In summer, these models exhibit a substantial warm bias with particularly high daytime temperatures. These high temperatures are associated with very small latent heat fluxes, indicating that the soil is too dry, which is likely to impact climate change scenarios.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Svensson, Jenny, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Policy change as institutional work : Introducing cultural and creative industries into cultural policy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Qualitative research in organization and management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1746-5648 .- 1746-5656. ; 12:2, s. 149-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Policy change is frequently framed as resulting from governmental strategy based on explicit preferences, rational decision making and consecutive and aligned implementation. The purpose of this paper is to explore the theoretical perspective of institutional work as an alternative approach to understanding policy change, and investigates the construction of resources needed to perform such work.Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on a case study of the process wherein the idea of cultural and creative industries was introduced into Lithuanian cultural policy. The main data generating methods are document studies and qualitative interviews.Findings: The analysis demonstrates the ways in which the resources needed to perform institutional work are created through the enactment of practice, and through the application of resourcing techniques. Three such techniques are identified in the empirical material: the application of experiences from other fields of practice, the elicitation of external support, and the borrowing of legitimacy.Originality/value: The study offers an alternative approach to studies of policy change by demonstrating the value of institutional work in such change. Further, it contributes to the literature on institutional work by highlighting how instances of such work, drawing on a distributed agency, interlink and connect to each other in a process to produce policy change. Finally, it proposes three interrelated resourcing techniques underlying institutional work.
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| 40. |
- Svensson, Jenny, 1977-
(författare)
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Varför är det så många som granskar så mycket?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Organisation & Samhälle. - : Föreningen Företagsekonomi i Sverige. - 2001-9114 .- 2002-0287. ; :1, s. 28-33
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 41. |
- Svensson, Jenny
(författare)
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Visions and politics in the making of Stockholm's House of Culture : Institutional complexity within extraordinary projects
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Culture and Organization. - : Routledge. - 1475-9551 .- 1477-2760. ; 23:3, s. 197-219
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the article is to analyse and comprehend the interplay of institutional logics in the realisation of Stockholm's House of Culture, Kulturhuset, hereby beginning to answer the question of what role cultural logics play in cultural development projects. Based on an in-depth case study of the process leading up to the creation of Kulturhuset, the article explores the interplay of a politico-bureaucratic logic and a cultural–professional logic governing the evolution of the project. Following a Scandinavian tradition of interpretative studies of complex development projects, the making of Kulturhuset is framed as an extraordinary project involving a complicated development process. The process dynamics are explored and analysed through the lens of institutional complexity. The article's main contribution lies in its highlighting the interplay of – and nuancing the relation between – institutional logics. It also serves as a reminder of the power of bureaucratic ordering in urban development projects.
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| 42. |
- Söderman, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical Properties of Cartilage Studied Using Charged Ions
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Biophysics and Biochemistry of Cartilage by NMR and MRI. - : The Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2044-2548 .- 2044-253X. - 9781782621331 - 9781782629054 ; :8, s. 176-190
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Articular cartilage is a soft tissue built mainly from collagen and highly negatively charged biological polyelectrolytes. The high negative charge is responsible for crucial properties of cartilage, such as tissue hydration and biomechanical load resistance. As a consequence, breakdown and loss of the polyelectrolytes in cartilage has an adverse effect on its function and there is a need for methods to determine the amount of polyelectrolytes in cartilage. Here we discuss one such method, the delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC). dGEMRIC builds on the fact that a negatively charged MRI contrast agent will distribute in an inverse relation to the concentration of polyelectrolytes on account of the electrostatic repulsion between the two. We introduce the method and discuss some of the key assumptions. In particular, we focus on the relaxivity parameter that should be used to convert the measured water spin-lattice relaxation times to a concentration of the contrast agent, the time for reaching equilibrium with respect to penetration of the contrast agent into cartilage and the use of ideal Donnan equilibrium in the further analysis of dGEMRIC data. Finally, we present some examples of clinical applications of the dGEMRIC method.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Törnqvist, Oscar, 1969-
(författare)
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Röster från ingenmansland : En identitetsarkeologi i ett maritimt mellanrum
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Archaeological investigations into late iron age and medieval coastal societies in Sweden have been focusing on a maritime culture, a traditional coastal and island-dwelling fisher-farmer and activities centered on fishing in a long maritime tradition as well as a specific maritime identity and habitus. By deconstructing commonly used concepts and by using primarily written sources, it is here shown that there is a need for putting this culture and its agents into perspective by opening up the history of the maritime interspace and let in previously overlooked or disregarded historical actors in the narrative field dominated by men and landed farmers, such as landless, powerless, strangers, foreigners and women.The coast is shown to have been an arena for opportunism, societal expansion under landed gentry, nodes for procurement and social oppression and focal points for inter-cultural contacts, trade, networking and self-realization and that the role of the islands and the “fisheries” was constantly remolded to fit different power strategies.Through a series of case studies, seldom discussed social relations, social groups and social predicaments are unmasked and discussed; the relation between norse and proto-Saami cultures, the role of women in fishing, employment of the poor or serfs, of incentives by strangers and foreigners. Many localities speak of conflict, struggle and self-sought or forced marginalization; the emergence of taxation and the control of fishing, piracy and insurgency but also of exile, reclusion and asceticism. Running through history there has been a dichotomy and tension between the workforce and the benefactor, between small-scale and large-scale maritime procurement, between cooperation and conflict and between the meeting place and the hidden refuge.To conclude, the study sketches the ethno genesis of the hitherto “fisher-farmer” and exposes a wider set of actors and their strategies in the maritime space and ends with advocating a series of potentially fruitful research frameworks of study; cultural niches in the maritime environment, actor geographies in the outback, the use of maritime produce in societal transformations, and to further investigate the harsh, hidden or exposed, islands as places for sociocultural and economical strategies with profound social, psychological and spiritual impact.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Åberg, N David, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Cardiovascular Fitness and Muscle Strength in Early Adulthood on Long-Term Risk of Stroke in Swedish Men
- 2015
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Ingår i: Stroke. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 46:7, s. 1769-1776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Purpose Low cardiovascular fitness (fitness) in mid- and late life is a risk factor for stroke. However, the respective effects on long-term stroke risk of fitness and muscle strength in early adulthood are unknown. Therefore, we analyzed these in a large cohort of young men. Method We performed a population-based longitudinal cohort study of Swedish male conscripts registered in 1968 to 2005. Data on fitness (by the cycle ergometric test; n=1 166 035) and muscle strength (n=1 563 750) were trichotomized (low, medium, and high). During a 42-year follow-up, risk of stroke (subarachnoidal hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and ischemic stroke) and fatality were calculated with Cox proportional hazards models. To identify cases, we used the International Classification of Diseases-Eighth to Tenth Revision in the Hospital Discharge Register and the Cause of Death Register. Results First-time stroke events were identified (subarachnoidal hemorrhage, n=895; intracerebral hemorrhage, n=2904; ischemic stroke, n=7767). For all stroke and fatality analysis any type of first-time stroke was recorded (n=10 917). There were inverse relationships in a dose-response fashion between fitness and muscle strength with any stroke (adjusted hazard ratios for the lowest, compared with the highest, tertile of each 1.70 [1.50-1.93] and 1.39 [1.27-1.53], respectively). There were stronger associations for fatal stroke. All 3 stroke types displayed similar associations. Associations between fitness and stroke remained when adjusted for muscle strength, whereas associations between muscle strength and stroke weakened/disappeared when adjusted for fitness. Conclusions At the age of 18 years, low fitness and to a lesser degree low muscle strength were independently associated with an increased future stroke risk.
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