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- Swartling, Fredrik J., et al.
(författare)
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Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase II inhibits cell proliferation, Sox9 expression and Akt phosphorylation in human glioma cell lines
- 2009
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 28:35, s. 3121-3131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Earlier we used a glioma model to identify loci in the mouse genome, which were repeatedly targeted by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-containing Moloney murine leukemia viruses. The gene Prkg2, encoding cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase II, cGKII, was tagged by retroviral insertions in two brain tumors. The insertions were both situated upstream of the kinase domain and suggested creating a truncated form of the cGKII protein. We transfected different human glioma cell lines with Prkg2 and found an overall reduction in colony formation and cell proliferation compared with controls transfected with truncated Prkg2 (lacking the kinase domain) or empty vector. All glioma cells transfected with the cGKII phosphorylate vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein, VASP, after cGMP analog treatment. Glioma cell lines positive for the Sox9 transcription factor showed reduced Sox9 expression when Prkg2 was stably transfected. When cGKII was activated by cGMP analog treatment, Sox9 was phosphorylated, Sox9 protein expression was suppressed and the glioma cell lines displayed loss of cell adhesion, inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and G1 arrest. Sox9 repression by siRNA was similarly shown to reduce glioma cell proliferation. Expression analysis of stem and glial lineage cell markers also suggests that cGKII induces differentiation of glioma cell lines. These findings describe an anti-proliferative role of cGKII in human glioma biology and would further explain the retroviral tagging of the cGKII gene during brain tumor formation in PDGF-induced tumors.
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| 2. |
- Swartling, Maria, 1983-
(författare)
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An Experimental and Numerical Study of the Heat Flow in the Blast Furnace Hearth
- 2008
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study has focused on determining the heat flows in a production blast furnace hearth. This part of the blast furnace is exposed to high temperatures. In order to increase the campaign length of the lining an improved knowledge of heat flows are necessary. Thus, it has been studied both experimentally and numerically by heat transfer modeling. Measurements of outer surface temperatures in the lower part of a production blast furnace were carried out. In the experimental study, relations were established between lining temperatures and outer surface temperatures. These relations were used as boundary conditions in a mathematical model, in which the temperature profiles in the hearth lining are calculated. The predictions show that the corner between the wall and the bottom is the most sensitive part of the hearth. Furthermore, the predictions show that no studied part of the lining had an inner temperature higher than the critical temperature 1150°C, where the iron melt can be in contact with the lining.
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| 3. |
- Swartling, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Heat Transfer Study of Blast Furnace 2 at SSAB Oxelösund
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Iron and Steel Research International. - 1006-706X .- 2210-3988. ; 16:Part 2 Suppl. 2, s. 1131-1136, s. 1131-1136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a heat transfer study, based on the actual conditions of the hearth of Blast Furnace 2 at SSAB Oxelosund in Sweden. Initially, an experimental study was carried out. The temperature of the cold surfaces of the bottom and wall lining were measured with a hand-held thermocouple. The aim of the overall study was to find a method to determine the outer surface temperature, based on lining temperature readings from permanently installed thermocouples. A heat transfer model was developed, using the established correlations from the experimental study as boundary conditions. With the model, it is possible to calculate a complete two-dimensional temperature profile of the hearth lining at any given time. The permanently installed thermocouples are used to validate the model, by comparing calculated and measured temperatures; the accuracy of the model is plus/minus 3 degrees difference.
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