| 1. |
- Thualagant, N., et al.
(författare)
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Nordic responses to covid-19 from a health promotion perspective
- 2023
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Ingår i: Health Promotion International. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0957-4824 .- 1460-2245. ; 38:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On 30 January 2020, the disease covid-19 was declared by the World Health Organization to be an international threat to human health and on 11 March 2020, the outbreak was declared a pandemic. The aim of this study was to analyse policy strategies developed by the five Nordic countries during the first 3 months of the pandemic from a health promotion perspective in order to identify Nordic responses to the crisis. Although the Nordic countries have a long tradition of co-operation as well as similar social welfare policies and legislation, each country developed their own strategies towards the crisis. The strategies identified were analysed from a health promotion perspective emanating from five principles: intersectorality, sustainability, equity, empowerment and a lifecourse perspective. Denmark, Finland and Norway had lockdowns to varying degrees, whereas Sweden and Iceland had no lockdowns. Iceland implemented a test and tracking strategy from the very beginning. All countries based their recommendations and restrictions on appeals to solidarity and trust in institutions and fellow citizens. The analysis showed that the strategies in all countries could be related to health promotion principles with some differences between the countries especially regarding equity and sustainability. The Nordic governments took responsibility for protecting their citizens by developing policy strategies based on restrictions and recommendations congruent with the principles of health promotion. The findings also identified issues that will pose challenges for future pandemic strategies.
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| 2. |
- Isaksson, Kerstin, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Att granska ett forskarutbildningsområde : Exemplet hälsa och välfärd, Mälardalens högskola
- 2021
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Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - 0037-833X .- 2000-4192. ; 98:3, s. 467-478
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I ett drygt decennium har det varit möjligt för statliga och enskilda högskolor i Sverige att ansöka om att få inrätta forskarutbildning inom ett specifikt område. Fram till 2020 har 38 tillstånd beviljats och åtta av dessa har koppling till området hälsa och/eller välfärd. Sedan läsåret 2012/13 finns vid Mälardalens högskola (MDH) forskarutbildning inom detta område. Syftet med denna artikel är att beskriva och diskutera en granskning av hur området hälsa och välfärd återspeglas i de första 15 avhandlingarna. En kvalitativ deduktiv innehållsanalys genomfördes samt en bibliometrisk undersökning av innehållet i avhandlingarnas introduktion och diskussion. Utifrån granskningen diskuteras resultatet men också hur den metodik som tillämpats kan vara relevant för granskning av avhandlingar även vid andra högskolor med ett specifikt forskarutbildningsområde.
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| 3. |
- Norfjord van Zyl, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Non-participation in mammographic screening – experiences of women from a region in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - London : BMC. - 1471-2458. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding women’s life conditions regarding their non-participation in different health-promoting and disease-preventing activities is important as it may draw attention to potential areas for improvement in the healthcare sector. Mammographic screening, a disease-preventing service, facilitates early detection of any potential malignancies and consequently prompts initiation of treatment. The reasons for non-participation in mammographic screening can be understood from different perspectives, such as socioeconomic and lifestyle-related determinants of health. This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of women’s experiences and perceptions about non-participation in mammographic screening in a Swedish region with a single mammographic facility.MethodsData from individual semi-structured interviews, conducted in 2018 with eleven women between the ages of 48 and 73, were analysed by a qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe findings reveal three main categories: 1) doubts regarding mammographic screening and its organisation, 2) sense and sensibility in the decision to refrain from mammographic screening, and 3) dependency and options. These three categories indicate aspects, such as the individual’s life situation, accessibility to the offered service, and the flexibility of the healthcare system, that need to be considered to improve the organisation of mammographic screening.ConclusionListening to the women’s voices regarding their experiences and perceptions about mammographic screening is important as individual characteristics and social circumstances interact with healthcare and affect the degree of participation.
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| 4. |
- Norfjord van Zyl, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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The politicians’ perspectives on participation in mammographic screening: : an interview-based study from a region in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Archives of Public Health. - : BMC. - 0778-7367 .- 2049-3258. ; 79:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among women globally. To facilitate early detection,all 40–74-year-old female residents of Sweden are invited to participate in a population-based mammographic screening programme. Approximately 20% of all invited women decline the offer, and if this is due to systematic differences that can be adjusted, it can indicate inequity in healthcare. Assessment of and being updated about the health and healthcare of the residents are largely the responsibilities of the self-governed regions in Sweden. The understanding of the residents’ health serves as a basis for decision making and priority setting. This study aims todescribe how politicians representing a region in Sweden perceive women’s participation in mammographic screening and the politicians’ own possibility to promote such participation.Methods: Qualitative thematic analysis was conducted on the data obtained from individual semi-structured interviews held in 2019. The interviewees comprised ten politicians (six women and four men, 38–71 years old) representing a sub-committee focusing on public health and healthcare issues.Results: Two main themes have been identified: 1) expected actions and 2) expected conditions for acting,including a total of four sub-themes. According to the politicians, the expected actions, such as obtaining information and being updated about matters regarding mammographic screening, concern both the women invited to the screening and the politicians themselves. Additionally, for both the individual and the healthcare organisation, here represented by the politicians, expected actions entail a shared commitment to maintain health.The expected conditions for acting refer to the politician’s awareness of the factors influencing the women’s decision to undergo or refuse the screening and having the resources to enable taking actions to facilitate participation. Conclusions: Expected actions and expected conditions for acting are tightly connected and entail some form of prioritisation by the politicians. Setting the priorities can be based on information about the purpose of thescreening and an understanding of social determinants’ impacts on women’s decision to refrain frommammographic screening, as well as available resources.
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| 5. |
- Olander, Ewy, et al.
(författare)
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Health literacy : ett dynamiskt begrepp
- 2020. - 2
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Ingår i: Health literacy. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. ; , s. 51-76
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Tillgren, Per, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Det moderna folkhälsoarbetet och dess utmaningar.
- 2020. - 2
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Ingår i: Health literacy: Teori och praktik i hälsofrämjande arbete. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144133331 ; , s. 23-50
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Tillgren, Per, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Health literacy : framåtblickar
- 2020. - 2
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Ingår i: Health literacy: Teori och praktik i hälsofrämjande arbete. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144133331 ; , s. 321-334
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Värnild, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
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Corrigendum to “Road users seriously injured in single crashes – The impact of sex, age and speed limit on injuries for pedestrians, cyclists, car occupants and motorcyclists in Sweden, 2016–2019” [J. Transport Health 33 (2023) 101717] (Journal of Transport & Health (2023) 33, (S2214140523001536), (10.1016/j.jth.2023.101717))
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport & Health. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 2214-1405 .- 2214-1413.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The authors regret < Published PDF is correct including the corrections we did because of the comments from the reviewers. But the abstract including keywords is missing in the published version of the article. > The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. Abstract Introduction: In the EU, the number of seriously injured road users has fallen more slowly than that of fatalities, and fatalities have fallen more slowly for single motor-vehicle crashes than multi-crashes. Instead, the number of injured vulnerable road users such as cyclists and pedestrians has increased and there are calls to promote walking and cycling. The study aims to increase the knowledge about serious injuries in single crashes/falls and to study the differences within and between pedestrians, cyclists, car occupants and motorcyclists. Methods: Data was retrieved from national registries (Strada; National Road Database) for all seriously injured road users on roads, tracks and pavements in Sweden 2016–2019 together with speed limits for crash locations. Statistical analysis used descriptive statistics, multiple logistic regression and multiple linear regression. Results: More road users sustained serious injuries in single crashes than in multi-crashes. Nearly four out of five were injured where the speed limit was 30–50 km/h, or in areas without any speed limit. The mean Injury Severity Scores (ISS) for pedestrians and cyclists were slightly higher than the definition of a seriously injured road user, while car occupants and motorcyclists had mean scores three to four points higher. The most frequently injured body region for cyclists and pedestrians was the lower extremities, and for car occupants and motorcyclists it was the thorax. Higher age increased the probability of these injuries. Male pedestrians and cyclists had higher ISS scores than their female counterparts. Conclusions: Pedestrians and cyclists are the largest groups of road users who are seriously injured in single crashes. Pedestrian falls on pavements, tracks and roads need to be included in road-safety efforts for all road users. The road space will define the pedestrian fall as a crash. Keywords single crash, fall, walking, cycling, ISS.
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| 10. |
- Värnild, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
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Factors related to the increasing number of seriously injured cyclists and pedestrians in a Swedish urban region 2003–17
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1741-3842 .- 1741-3850. ; 42:2, s. e158-e164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe number of seriously injured unprotected road users has increased during implementation of a road safety policy Vision Zero. The aim of the study is to identify factors associated with the increase in serious injuries among cyclists and pedestrians (even single pedestrian accidents) that occurred in an urban road space in a Swedish region 2003–17. The urban road space includes roads, pavements and tracks for walking and cycling.MethodsData were retrieved from STRADA (Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition) and NVDB (National Road Database). Descriptive statistics and logistic regression with odds ratios for sex, age and part of road space were assessed.ResultsThe number of seriously injured cyclists and pedestrians more than doubled from 2003 to 2017, with the greatest increase for pedestrians. Older age increased the probability of serious injury since 2012 for the group ≥ 80 years and since 2015 for the group 65–79 years. No significant effect of sex. Most injuries occur in areas not transformed by Vision Zero.ConclusionsAn increasing number of elderly persons in the generation born in the 1940s and increased life expectancy are important factors. There is a need to increase road safety measures that also promote active mobility.
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| 11. |
- Värnild, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
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National Road Safety Policy in Sweden as Reflected in Plans for Regional Transport Infrastructure
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration. - : University of Gothenburg. - 2001-7405 .- 2001-7413. ; 24:1, s. 3-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1997 the Swedish Parliament adopted the Vision Zero road safety policy, which since 2009 is included in a consideration goal (road safety, environment, health) as one of two goals under an overall transport goal. The target of achieving Vision Zero is not specified for different authorities. Investments in infrastructure are a common way of designing a safe system. Plans for regional transport infrastructure are therefore tools to achieve the national target.The aim of the study is to analyse how Vision Zero has been applied by regional authorities as a term, a goal or a clarification in justifying measures in county plans for regional transport infrastructure in the period 2014–2025 in Sweden. Ten of twenty-one plans were included in the analysis as they selected costs for road safety measures for both state and municipal roads. The plans were analysed using directed and summative content analysis.The consideration goal is rarely in evidence. Measures are most often justified by accessibility and public transport, walking and cycling, as clarifications of the functional goal (accessibility). It is likely that the imbalance between the functional goal and the consideration goal reflects a lack of governance by the Vision Zero road safety policy.Fulfilling a national road safety target requires well-adapted sub-targets for the organizations concerned.
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| 12. |
- Värnild, Astrid, 1944-
(författare)
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Seriously injured road users in rural and urban road traffic in a Swedish region - a Vision Zero perspective
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Globally more than 50 million people are injured in road traffic every year. The incidence of road injuries is increasing while that of fatalities is decreasing. Road safety measures are being implemented in many countries to reduce the effects on public health. In highly motorized countries, the process is often managed by quantitative targets. Sweden has a target for 2020 based on Vision Zero: that no-one should be killed or seriously injured in road traffic. In Vision Zero, pedestrians in single crashes are not defined as road users, even when they move in the same areas as road users with vehicles. In this thesis the road space (pavements, tracks and roads) defines the road user.The aim of the thesis is to study the development of serious injuries in rural and urban areas during a period when Vision Zero was being implemented through government efforts to direct the process in Sweden. The thesis adopts a regional perspective. Three of the four studies in the thesis are cross-sectional studies with data from Region Västmanland during twelve to fifteen years, 2003–2017. Data are also based on analyses of ten regional infrastructure plans in Sweden for the period 2014–2025.On national roads in the region, the incidence of serious injuries decreased for car occupants, but on regional roads it increased. In urban areas the incidence for unprotected road users doubled on roads and more than doubled on tracks and pavements where the greatest number of unprotected road users are seriously injured. One factor in the increased incidence is the growing number of elderly people in the population caused by the large generation born in the 1940s and a lengthening lifespan. From 2012 the probability of being seriously injured increased for cyclists and pedestrians 80 years and older, and from 2015 for the group 65 years and older.In urban areas during the period, there was a shift in serious injuries for pedestrians and cyclists from less head injuries to more injuries in lower extremities. The probability of receiving serious injuries to the lower extremities increased fourfold from the age of 50 for both pedestrians and cyclists, but for cyclists the probability increased with age.For pedestrians, pavements and tracks were associated with decreased probability of all injuries except for head injuries, but for cyclists this decrease is only seen for the most severe injuries. For pedestrians, the probability of getting injuries in more than one bodily region decreased on Vision Zero roads.Prioritized investments in regional plans are mostly justified by accessibility and increased walking and cycling, and only more sparsely by road safety. This reflects an imbalance in the government’s clarifications of the transport goals.In directives for regional planning and in support of the objectives of Agenda 2030, the government has argued for more active mobility. There is a need to include pedestrian falls in the category of single crashes in the work with Vision Zero. Increased walking and cycling justifies more road safety measures especially in urban areas in order to achieve the targets of Vision Zero. To achieve Vision Zero it is important that the concerned road authorities and regions are committed to the goals and fulfil their tasks. More active mobility in combination with an increased number of older people is a challenge for municipalities as road authorities in urban areas.
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| 13. |
- Värnild, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
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What types of injuries did seriously injured pedestrians and cyclists receive in a Swedish urban region in the time period 2003–2017 when Vision Zero was implemented?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Public Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 0033-3506 .- 1476-5616. ; 181, s. 59-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to examine what types of injuries that seriously injured pedestrians and cyclists received in urban road spaces from 2003 to 2017 in the Swedish region of Västmanland, when the road safety policy Vision Zero was implemented.Study designThis is a cross-sectional data annually collected over a period of fifteen years.MethodsData from health care for 403 seriously injured pedestrians and cyclists were retrieved from the registry STRADA (Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition) and cross-referenced with the National Road Database to see if any Vision Zero measures had previously been implemented at the crash location. The study includes injuries from both single and multiple crashes on roads, pavements, and tracks for walking and cycling (road space). Statistical analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multiple logistic regression analyses.ResultsPedestrians were seriously injured in lower extremities more than cyclists, whereas more cyclists were seriously injured in the head. During the period, pedestriansꞌ head injuries decreased significantly, but injuries in lower extremities increased significantly. In addition, for cyclists, there was a shift from decreased probability of head injuries to increased probability of injuries in lower extremities related to increased age. For pedestrians, pavements/tracks were associated with a decreased probability of a majority of injury outcomes but for cyclists only for severe injury outcomes.ConclusionsFrom 2003 to 2017, there was a shift among seriously injured pedestrians, with head injuries decreasing and injuries in lower extremities increasing. This shift was probably related to an ageing population in the region, given that increased age among both pedestrians and cyclists was associated with a decreased probability of head injuries but increased probability of injuries in lower extremities. On Vision Zero roads, there was a decreased probability of pedestrians receiving serious injury to more than one bodily region. An increased number of older people combined with policies for more active mobility such as walking and cycling are a challenge for road authorities in urban areas.
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| 14. |
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