| 1. |
- Grillitsch, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Combining Knowledge from Different Sources, Channels and Geographical Scales
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Planning Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1469-5944 .- 0965-4313. ; 22:11, s. 2305-2325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to examine conceptually and empirically how innovative firms combine knowledge (1) provided by different sources, (2) accessed at different spatial scales and (3) acquired through different channels. We add to the conceptual debate by contrasting and synthesising the perspectives offered on these issues by four key concepts, namely the local buzz and global pipelines argument, the knowledge-base approach, the notions of Science-Technology-Innovation and Doing-Using-Interacting modes of innovation as well as the regional innovation systems concept. The empirical part of the article contains an analysis of knowledge-sourcing activities employed by 181 firms belonging to the Austrian automotive supplier industry. Our findings reveal that it is, indeed, combinations of knowledge sourced from different partners located at different spatial scales and acquired through different channels that are relevant. However, it is particular combinations that dominate while others are negligible. Austrian automotive supplier firms combine knowledge provided by customers with knowledge inputs from a variety of other sources. Most of the combinations involve the European or global levels combined with the regional and/or national level. Finally, firms combine spillovers with a variety of other channels to acquire innovation-relevant knowledge.
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| 2. |
- Karlsson, Charlie, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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ICT and Regional Economic Dynamics : A Literature Review
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of this report is to review the relevant theoretical and empirical literature to provide a conceptual and methodological background for the analysis of the consequences of ICT use and globalisation on the regional economies in the European Union. We highlight the key aspects of ICT as a general purpose technology, discuss the economic impacts of ICT diffusion from macro and micro perspectives, and examine the spatial consequences of ICT diffusion. We focus on regional innovation systems and globalisation in order to propose an organizing framework for the analysis of the impact of ICT diffusion on regional development.
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| 3. |
- Lundquist, Karl-Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Distance, proximity and types of cross-border innovation systems: A conceptual analysis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Regional Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-0591 .- 0034-3404. ; 47:3, s. 450-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to a lack of both theoretical and systematic empirical work, innovation-driven integration processes in cross-border areas are still poorly understood. Departing from the regional innovation system (RIS) approach, recent work on different forms of proximity, and the literature on cross-border areas, this paper seeks to identify in a conceptual way different stages in the development of cross-border innovation systems and to highlight the main characteristics and barriers characterizing each phase. The conceptual model proposed in this paper can serve as a useful framework, guiding more systematic and comparative empirical work on cross-border innovation systems in different regional and national contexts.
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| 4. |
- Lundquist, Karl-Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Policy option for constructing cross-border innovation regions
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper deals with policy options for constructing cross-border innovation systems. Trans-frontier cooperation and policies to stimulate increased interaction between neighbouring regions that belong to different nation states are not new phenomena. There is a large body of work on the governance structures of such areas and the array of public policies geared towards promoting increased economic integration. Little has been said so far, however, about the nature of policies that could stimulate the innovation dynamics of cross-border regions. This issue is critically important, because in the contemporary era of the globalizing knowledge economy the competitiveness of these regions will – at least in the long run – depend on their capacity to develop a common innovation system. Arguably, cross-border regions differ markedly in their preconditions and abilities to create such systems. Recent research has enhanced our understanding of different types (or stages) of cross-border RIS and the role played by suboptimal levels of distance – including physical, cognitive, functional and institutional ones – as barriers to the flow of knowledge across borders. What remain less understood are the policy implications that result from these insights. The paper intends to shed some light on the role of policy in constructing a cross-border RIS by addressing the following research questions. Do suboptimal levels of distance constitute rationales for innovation policy and demand specific policy actions? What are adequate policy strategies for different stages of cross-border RIS development?
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| 5. |
- Martin, Roman, et al.
(författare)
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System Failures, Knowledge Bases and Regional Innovation Policies
- 2014
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Ingår i: disP - The Planning Review. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0251-3625 .- 2166-8604. ; 50:1, s. 24-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regional innovation strategies rank at the top of public policy agendas today. There is a widespread consensus in both academic and policy circles that standardized "best practice" innovation policy models suffer from severe limitations and major shortcomings. The recent literature is replete with claims that regional innovation policies should be place-based and context-sensitive, taking into consideration the specificities of regions and their distinctive preconditions and capacities for innovation. Various conceptual approaches and theories support such a view. This paper discusses two concepts that have a particularly strong potential for informing customized regional innovation policies: the regional innovation system (RIS) approach and the knowledge base concept. The RIS literature highlights the importance of the organizational and institutional setting of a region and suggests that system deficiencies or failures should constitute the starting point for designing regional innovation policies. The differentiated knowledge base approach stresses that regional industries can differ strongly in their underlying knowledge bases and, as a consequence, in their policy needs. We elaborate on the policy implications that originate from these concepts and argue that tailor-made regional innovation policies should consider both region-specific institutional set-ups and knowledge bases. Focusing on peripheral regions, we outline how such an integrated framework can inform customized regional innovation policies.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Trippl, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
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Creative and cultural industries in Austria
- 2012
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Ingår i: Creative industries and innovation in Europe. - 9780415677400 - 9780203112571 ; , s. 86-102
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Trippl, Michaela
(författare)
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Developing cross-border regional innovation systems: key factors and challenges
- 2010
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Ingår i: Tijdschrift Voor Economische en Sociale Geografie. - : Wiley. - 0040-747X .- 1467-9663. ; 101:2, s. 150-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The literature on regional innovation systems has considerably enhanced our understanding of the critical role played by geographical proximity and local institutional conditions for the production of new knowledge and its economic exploitation. In most cases, however, both theoretical and empirical work has focused on regional innovation systems situated within a national context. Little research has been done so far on cross-border regional innovation systems. The aim of this paper is to explore conceptually whether the theoretical approach of regional innovation systems can be applied to cross-border settings. It investigates some critical conditions for the emergence of transfrontier innovation systems and concludes that cross-border areas differ enormously regarding their capacity to develop an integrated innovation space.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Trippl, Michaela
(författare)
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Islands of Innovation as Magnetic Centres of Star Scientists? Empirical Evidence on Spatial Concentration and Mobility Patterns
- 2013
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Ingår i: Regional Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-0591 .- 0034-3404. ; 47:2, s. 229-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Islands of innovation as magnetic centres of star scientists? Empirical evidence on spatial concentration and mobility patterns, Regional Studies. Drawing on the results of a survey of 720 ‘star scientists’, this paper seeks to analyse the role of islands of innovation in the United States and Europe in providing educational and employment opportunities for such scientists and in attracting internationally mobile members of the scientific elite. It is shown that the American, and to a lesser extent European, islands of innovation are at the forefront when it comes to employing star scientists and exchanging them with other places. Furthermore, the paper provides evidence for the formation of a network among islands of innovation based on the international movements of top researchers.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Trippl, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge spillover agents and regional development
- 2011
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Ingår i: Innovation, growth and competitiveness. Dynamic regions in the knowledge-based world economy. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783642149658 ; , s. 91-111
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is widely recognised that knowledge and highly-skilled individuals as “carriers” of knowledge (i.e. knowledge spillover agents) play a key role in impelling the development and growth of cities and regions. In this chapter we discuss the relation between the mobility of talent and knowledge flows. In this context, several issues are examined, including the role of highly-skilled labour for regional development and innovation, the essential features that characterise knowledge spillovers through labour mobility, the key factors for attracting and retaining talent as well as the rise of “brain gain” policies. Although this chapter deals with highly-skilled mobility and migration in general, particular attention will be paid to flows of (star) scientists.
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| 15. |
- Trippl, Michaela
(författare)
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Regional Innovation Systems and Knowledge Sourcing Activities in Traditional Industries – Evidence from the Vienna Food Sector
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environment & Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X. ; 43:7, s. 1599-1616
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to investigate the spatial pattern of knowledge links in traditional, long-established, and less-research-intensive sectors and to contribute to a better understanding of the role of the regional innovation system (RIS) as space for knowledge-sourcing activities in such industries. Departing from conceptual work on the science, technology, and innovation (STI) and the doing, using, and interacting (DUI) modes of learning, it is argued that the relation between mature industries and their RIS depends on the relative importance of these two innovation modes and their specific geographies of knowledge-sourcing activities. The empirical focus is on the food industry in the Vienna metropolitan region. Based on ten case studies of firms and ten interviews with research organisations and industry experts, it is suggested that innovation rests on a combination of the DUI and the STI modes of learning. This is related with a complex spatial pattern of knowledge links and a selective integration of innovative food companies into the RIS. The firms investigated use scientific knowledge available within the RIS and tap into extraregional pools of experience-based knowledge.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Trippl, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
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Regionale Pfadentwicklung in Der Wissensökonomie
- 2014
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Ingår i: Geographische Rundschau. - 0016-7460. ; :12, s. 32-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ongoing globalisation and the rise of the knowledge economy creates new challenges for regional economic development. In order to cope with these challenges, regions need to strengthen the capacity of existing industries to innovate, but also transform their innovation systems and facilitate the emergence of new industries and development paths. The ability to transform and renew themselves, however, varies considerably between regions. This paper brings together insights from two streams of literature, namely Evolutionary Economic Geography (EEG), which sheds lights on the path depended process of economic evolution, as well as Regional Innovation Systems (RIS), which provides a deeper understanding of the regional environment and contextual factors underlying firm innovation. We distinguish between different growth trajectories, from development along established paths (i.e. path extension), branching of exiting industries into related ones (i.e. path renewal), to emergence of entirely new industries (i.e. path creation). Then, we differentiate between types of RIS, namely, organisationally thick & diversified, organisationally thick & specialised, and organisationally thin. These regions differ in the underlying institutional structures, the strength of their knowledge generation systems, the diversity of knowledge bases, and the openness of innovation networks. The paper discusses in a conceptual way the relation between different types of RIS and different forms of path development. We conclude that not all regions have the same potential to renew themselves and embark on new growth paths, which implies different opportunities and challenges for policy makers concerned with regional development.
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| 18. |
- Trippl, Michaela
(författare)
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Scientific Mobility and Knowledge Transfer at the Interregional and Intraregional Level
- 2011
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Ingår i: Regional Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-0591 .- 0034-3404. ; 9, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scientific mobility and knowledge transfer at the interregional and intraregional level, Regional Studies. The aim of this paper is to explore the extent and nature of knowledge flows which result from the international mobility of elite scientists. Based on the findings from a worldwide survey of ‘star scientists’ (that is, authors of highly cited journal articles in different research areas), it is shown that these top researchers establish manifold interregional knowledge links between their sending and receiving areas and embed themselves in their location of choice by creating connections to regional actors. Furthermore, the paper identifies a set of crucial factors that determine whether or not star scientists engage in intraregional knowledge transfer activities.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Trippl, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
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Star scientists as drivers of the development of regions
- 2011
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Ingår i: Innovation, growth and competitiveness. Dynamic regions in the knowledge-based world economy. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783642149658 ; , s. 113-134
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter investigates the location pattern (at the NUTS 2 level) of European-based star scientists (identified by the number of citations they generated in journals in the ISI database) as well as the degree and intensity of knowledge sharing activities performed by the scientific elite in their regions of choice. Using a unique dataset of 197 star scientists, we demonstrate that Europe’s world-class researchers are strongly concentrated in a few major places and tend to embed themselves in these regions by creating multiple knowledge linkages to actors from the academic, industrial and policy world. Our empirical research clearly suggests that star scientists located in Europe are far from being isolated inhabitants of the ivory tower. By adopting various mechanisms of knowledge transfer and promoting a circulation of advanced expertise, star scientists have the potential to drive the development of Europe’s regions.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Tödtling, Franz, et al.
(författare)
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Regional innovation systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: Handbook of Regional Innovation and Growth. - 0857931504 - 9781848444171 ; , s. 455-466
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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