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- Malehmir, A., et al.
(författare)
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Seismic imaging in the Skellefte ore district, northern Sweden
- 2005
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Ingår i: 20th World Mining Congress, November 7-11, 2005, Tehran, Iran. - Teheran : Geological Survey of Iran. ; , s. 399-404
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the western part of the Skellefte ore district, which is the most important metallogenic zone in Northern Sweden, several world class mines, e.g., the Kristineberg VMS mine (20.1mt, Cu-Zn-Pb-Ag-Au) are situated. In order to understand why these deposits occur where they do, it is important to understand the crustal architecture of the region. One way to understand the contact relationships between the ore bearing volcanic formations and the surrounding rocks is to develop a detailed 3-D geological model of the region. To establish the structural geologic framework at depth, new seismic reflection data were acquired along two profiles in the Kristineberg area in late August and early September 2003. Data along the two seismic profiles (Profile 1 and Profile 5), each about 25 km long and running in parallel, were collected with the purpose of obtaining high resolution images of the top 10 km of the crust. Although the structural geology is very complex, preliminary stacked sections of the data have revealed numerous reflections which can be correlated with surface geology. Results along Profile 1, which passes on top of the Kristineberg mine show the mine to be located in a major synform extending down to about 2.5-3 km depth. The structure and stratigraphy of the Kristineberg area have been debated for many years. Our seismic results suggest that the deposits occur on the northern limb of a regional syncline. The results help to identify new prospective areas, both down-plunge from known ores, and on the southern limb of the ore-bearing syncline. The results for Profile 5 show that the Revsund granite can have a thickness about 3-3.5 km but not more. Ultramafic rocks are imaged clearly. Diffraction patterns can be interpreted as orienting from either a mafic-ultramafic intrusion or a mineralization zone. A detailed study has to be done in order to determine the source of this reflectivity. In this study seismic reflection profiling has been particularly effective for imaging the major structures around the ore body, demonstrating that the seismic-reflection technique can be used for delineating complex structures that are significant in mineral exploration.
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- Oblander, S A, et al.
(författare)
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Distinctive functions of membrane type 1 matrix-metalloprotease (MT1-MMP or MMP-14) in lung and submandibular gland development are independent of its role in pro-MMP-2 activation
- 2005
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Ingår i: Developmental Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-564X .- 0012-1606. ; 277:1, s. 255-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Membrane type 1-matrix metalloprotease (MT1-MMP or MMP-14) is a major activator of pro-MMP-2 and is essential for skeletal development. We show here that it is required for branching morphogenesis of the submandibular gland but not the lung. Instead, in the lung, it is essential for postnatal development of alveolar septae. Lung development in Mmp14-/- mice is arrested at the prealveolar stage with compensatory hyperinflation of immature saccules. Mmp2-/- mice lacked comparable defects in the lung and submandibular gland, suggesting that NIT1-MMP acts via mechanisms independent of pro-MMP-2 activation. Since the developmental defects in the lung are first manifest around the time of initial vascularization (E16.5), we investigated the behavior of pulmonary endothelial cells from Mmp14+/+ and Mmp14-/- mice. Endothelial cells from lungs of 1-week-old Mmp14-/- mice show reduced migration and formation of three-dimensional structures on Matrigel. Since pulmonary septal development requires capillary growth, the underlying mechanism of pulmonary hypoplasia in Mmp14-/- mice may be defective angiogenesis, supporting a model in which angiogenesis is a critical rate-limiting step for acquisition of pulmonary parenchymal mass.
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- Brown, D., et al.
(författare)
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Mountain building processes during continent-continent collision in the Uralides
- 2008
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Ingår i: Earth-Science Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-8252 .- 1872-6828. ; 89:3-4, s. 177-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the early 1990's the Paleozoic Uralide Orogen of Russia has been the target of a significant research initiative as part of EUROPROBE and GEODE, both European Science Foundation programmes. One of the main objectives of these research programmes was the determination of the tectonic processes that went into the formation of the orogen. In this review paper we focus on the Late Paleozoic continent-continent collision that took place between Laurussia and Kazakhstania. Research in the Uralides was concentrated around two deep seismic profiles crossing the orogen. These were accompanied by geological, geophysical, geochronological, geochemical, and low-temperature thermochronological studies. The seismic profiles demonstrate that the Uralides has an overall bivergent structural architecture, but with significantly different reflectivity characteristics from one tectonic zone to another. The integration of other types of data sets with the seismic data allows us to interpret what tectonic processes where responsible for the formation of the structural architecture, and when they were active. On the basis of these data, we suggest that the changes in the crustal-scale structural architecture indicate that there was significant partitioning of tectonothermal conditions and deformation from zone to zone across major fault systems, and between the lower and upper crust. Also, a number of the structural features revealed in the bivergent architecture of the orogen formed either in the Neoproterozoic or in the Paleozoic, prior to continent-continent collision. From the end of continent-continent collision to the present, low-temperature thermochronology suggests that the evolution of the Uralides has been dominated by erosion and slow exhumation. Despite some evidence for more recent topographic uplift, it has so far proven difficult to quantify it.
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- Hreinsdottir, S, et al.
(författare)
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A complex earthquake sequence captured by the continuous GPS network in SW Iceland
- 2009
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 36:12, s. L12309-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A complex sequence of earthquakes struck the western part of the South Iceland Seismic Zone (SISZ) on 29 May 2008. The sequence initiated with a M(w)6.3 (NEIC) earthquake in the western part of the SISZ. Aftershocks from the earthquake delineate two parallel N-S trending structures 4 km apart, in addition to activity along an E-W zone further westward. Continuous GPS measurements can best be explained by right-lateral strike-slip motion on two parallel N-S trending faults, with little slip occurring on other structures illuminated by earthquake activity. We estimate a total moment release of M(w)6.2, with M(w)6.1 on the first rupture and M(w)6.0 on the second rupture. High rate (1 Hz) CGPS data from a near-field station suggest that the main asperity on the Kross fault ruptured within 3 s of the initial mainshock on the Ingolfsfjall fault. Citation: Hreinsdottir, S., T. Amadottir, J. Decriem, H. Geirsson, A. Tryggvason, R. A. Bennett, and P. LaFemina (2009), A complex earthquake sequence captured by the continuous GPS network in SW Iceland, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L12309, doi: 10.1029/2009GL038391.
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- Kashubin, Artem S., et al.
(författare)
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The Krasnouralsky profile in the Middle Urals, Russia : a tomographic approach to vintage DSS data
- 2009
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Ingår i: Tectonophysics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1951 .- 1879-3266. ; 472:1-4, s. 249-263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Middle Urals region has been widely studied with geophysical methods over the past decades. An integrated program is in progress to summarize this knowledge, including modern reprocessing of controlled-source seismic data. This work is devoted to the Krasnouralsky DSS profile. We applied modern tomography inversion algorithms in 2D and 2.5D on first break traveltime picks from an archive catalogue. A number of initial models and various smoothing constraints were used to investigate the influence of starting models on the final model. Robustness and uncertainty of the recovered models were estimated with hypothesis testing and checkerboard tests. The recovered velocity structure shows a thicker crust below the contact of the West Uralian Zone and the Central Uralian Zone and below the Tagil–Magnitogorsk Zone. Deep high velocity anomalies on both sides of this zone are interpreted as crustal thinning or alteration of the crust by intrusions of mantle material. Our results suggest that it is worthwhile reinterpreting DSS traveltime data with modern inversion techniques.
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- Pluddemann, A, et al.
(författare)
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SR-A, MARCO and TLRs differentially recognise selected surface proteins from Neisseria meningitidis: an example of fine specificity in microbial ligand recognition by innate immune receptors
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of innate immunity. - : S. Karger AG. - 1662-8128 .- 1662-811X. ; 1:2, s. 153-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Macrophages express various classes of pattern recognition receptors involved in innate immune recognition of artificial, microbial and host-derived ligands. These include the scavenger receptors (SRs), which are important for phagocytosis, and the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) involved in microbe sensing. The class A macrophage scavenger receptor (SR-A) and macrophage receptor with a collagenous structure (MARCO) display similar domain structures and ligand-binding specificity, which has led to the assumption that these two receptors may be functionally redundant. In this study we show that SR-A and MARCO differentially recognise artificial polyanionic ligands as well as surface proteins from the pathogenic bacterium <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i>. We show that, while acetylated low-density lipoprotein (AcLDL) is a strong ligand for SR-A, it is not a ligand for MARCO. Of the neisserial proteins that were SR ligands, some were ligands for both receptors, while other proteins were only recognised by either SR-A or MARCO. We also analysed the potential of these ligands to act as TLR agonists and assessed the requirement for SR-A and MARCO in pro-inflammatory cytokine induction. SR ligation alone did not induce cytokine production; however, for proteins that were both SR and TLR ligands, the SRs were required for full activation of TLR pathways.
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