| 1. |
- Gunnarsson, Kristina, 1947-
(författare)
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Entrepreneurs and Small-Scale Enterprises : Self Reported Health, Work Conditions, Work Environment Management and Occupational Health Services
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focused on factors contributing to improved work environment in small-scale enterprises and sustainable health for the entrepreneurs. In Study I, implementation of the provision of Systematic Work Environment Management (SWEM) with and without support was investigated. Two implementation methods were used, supervised and network method. The effect of the project reached the employees faster in the enterprises with the supervised method. In general, the work environment improved in all enterprises. However, extensive support to small-scale enterprises in terms of advice and networking aimed at fulfilling SWEM regulations had limited effect – especially considering the cost of applying these methods. Studies II, III, and IV focused on entrepreneurs’ health, work conditions, strategies for maintaining good health, and utilisation of Occupational Health Service (OHS). A closed cohort of entrepreneurs in ten different trades responded to two self-administered questionnaires on health and work conditions, with five years between the surveys: at baseline, 496 entrepreneurs responded, and 251 entrepreneurs responded at follow-up. Differences were tested by Chi2-test, and associations estimated with logistic regression analyses. Qualitative interviews on entrepreneurs’ strategies for maintaining good health were included. In Study II, the most frequently reported complaints, musculoskeletal pain and mental health problems, were associated with poor job satisfaction and poor physical work environment. In Study III, consistent self-reported good health, i.e. good health both at baseline and at follow up, was associated with self-valued good social life when adjusted for physical work conditions and job satisfaction. Entrepreneurs’ strategies for maintaining good health included good planning and control over work, flexibility at work, good social contact with family, friends and other entrepreneurs, and regular physical exercise. Study IV concerned entrepreneur’s utilisation of OHS. Entrepreneurs affiliated to OHS had either better or more adverse work conditions than non-affiliated entrepreneurs. Medical care and health check-ups were the services most utilised. Affiliation to OHS correlated with use of specific information sources and active work environment management. The entrepreneurs were not consistently affiliated to OHS over the five-year-period.
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| 2. |
- Källmén, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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The Prevalence of Alcohol Prevention Efforts in Swedish Workplaces
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disability Mangement Research. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1833-8550 .- 1834-4887. ; 8:3, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents results from a survey aimed at identifying the extent of alcohol prevention efforts in Swedish workplaces focusing on the dissemination of a model for secondary prevention — the 'Risk Drinking model'. From a random sample of 929 human resource managers at Swedish workplaces, 374 answered a web-based questionnaire (response rate = 40%). Results showed that about 70% had an alcohol policy at their workplace, 51% were engaged in alcohol prevention efforts and about 19% used the Risk Drinking model. Regression analyses showed that large workplaces, workplaces where employees received training on alcohol, public sector and female-dominated workplaces were significantly associated with alcohol prevention activities. We conclude that training is important for the implementation of alcohol prevention at Swedish workplaces, and is of particular importance in small enterprises.
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| 3. |
- Landstad, Bodil, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Female leaders' experiences of psychosocial working conditions and its health consequences in Swedish public human service organizations
- 2013
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Municipal workplaces have high levels of sickness absence, and deterioration of the psychosocial work environment has been most pronounced for women and employees in this sector of Swedish working life. This study explores how female leaders in one rural municipality in Sweden experience their psychosocial working conditions and its health consequences. Interviews were carried out with 20 female leaders. Data were analyzed with a content analysis method using major dimensions of work stress models. These were job demands, job control, job resources, social support, and its health consequences. The analysis shows that the leaders experience high and conflicting job demands, limited possibilities to influence their work situation, insufficient job resources and social support, and limited time for their own health promotion. However, the leaders experience possibilities to develop skills in their jobs and opportunities to participate in educational programs. The analyses confirm the need for improvements in the prerequisites for female leaders in public human service organizations. It is important to improve female leaders' psychosocial working conditions by implementing a more narrow control range, increased personal and economical recourses, leadership support, and leader development programs.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Landstad, Bodil J, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Personal Perspectives on Vocational Rehabilitation in Singapore and Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Asia Pacific Disability & Rehabilitation Journal. - Bangalore. ; 21:1, s. 3-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study is to describe and analyse personal reflections on vocational rehabilitation in Singapore and Sweden as described by employees who have been on sick leave. Further, the study investigates what similarities and differences can be discerned from the accounts provided by the participants in the different countries. Interviews were conducted with five Singaporeans and five Swedes undergoing rehabilitation due to musculoskeletal problems. The most significant result is that more differences than similarities were identified; e.g. the Singaporeans had fewer days of sickness absence, they were diagnosed more swiftly, treatment and the rehabilitation process began earlier and there were no queues for treatment. The conclusion is that the Singaporean system seems to be more effective with respect to returning people to work. However, the Swedish system creates more security for all groups of people.
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| 6. |
- Larsson, Johan, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Control charts as an early warning system for workplace health outcomes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 39:4, s. 409-425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts have not been widely used to monitor workplace health and work environments. This research and effort to develop a more accurate and easy to use management control system for employee health is important from a humanistic, societal and economic standpoint, as well as complying with laws that regulate work environments. Objective: The purpose of the study is to design and discuss control charts as an early warning system for workplace health outcomes to promote workplace health management. Another purpose is to discuss relevant factors in the concept of the Out-of-Control Action Plan (OCAP) as a response when a chart warns that the workplace process may be malfunctioning. Participants: Two Swedish organizations were selected as case study organizations: a department at a university and an elderly care operation in a municipality. Methods: This study was explorative and should be seen as a starting point in learning how to use control charts for workplace health management. Self-assessed general health and new sick-cases per employee were selected as indicators for the control charts. Results: An integrated early warning system with Cumulative Sums-and Shewhart-charts are presented to show a possible method as to how an early warning system can be structured through the use of statistical control charts. Conclusions: The conclusion of this study is that control charts, along with well-designed implementation, make up a powerful and useable managerial early-warning system which promotes workplace health and helps to prevent sickness absence.
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| 7. |
- Larsson, Johan, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Leadership behaviour in successful organisations: Universal or situation-dependent? : Universal or situational-dependent?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Total Quality Management and Business Excellence. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1478-3363 .- 1478-3371. ; 21:3, s. 317-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leadership behaviour has a critical role in the creation of successful organisations. This article reviews dimensions of leadership behaviour theory and their relationship to effectiveness, productivity, quality, health and job satisfaction in organisations. The article has two purposes: (1) to identify and summarise leadership behaviours common among successful organisations; and (2) to use these common elements to discuss those theoretical implications which concern situational aspects of successful leadership behaviour. The successful organisations studied for this work were two manufacturing companies, one hospital and one retail operation. The case studies were performed in connection with two leadership research projects. They focused on quality work, effectiveness, working environment, subordinate health and perceptions of the leadership. The common leadership behaviours were explored using a comparative qualitative method. The identified common leadership behaviours were then analysed in relation to the three-dimensional leadership behaviour theory (change-, structure- and relation-orientation) to explore distributions between dimensions. Nine common groups of behaviours were identified and described. The qualitative analyses showed that the identified behaviours were in all three behaviour dimensions. Also evident was that relation-oriented leadership behaviour was by far the strongest of the three. The conclusion is that a successful leader uses high relation-orientation as a base. At the same time, this successful leader uses all three behaviour dimensions. The two additional dimensions of structure- and change-orientation can be altered by leaders according to situational factors. This conclusion implies that successful leadership behaviour includes both universal and contingency elements.
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| 8. |
- Larsson, Johan, 1979-
(författare)
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Leadership for Quality, Effectiveness and Health
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Leadership, quality, effectiveness and health are important factors in the achievement of organisational success. Three questions are addressed to study these elements: 1. How do leadership values relate to leadership behaviours, quality methodologies and health in organisations? 2. How do leadership behaviours relate to effectiveness and health in organisations? 3. How can leadership tools be designed and used to promote health in organisations? The research is based on five studies from three research projects. This research is reported in five papers. Study I concerned eight organisations in the middle of Sweden; the focus was on leadership values and behaviours. Study II concerned three successful organisations that received the award, ‘Sweden’s number one workplace’. Focus in this study was mainly on leadership behaviours. Study III combined results from Studies I and II with a focus on successful leadership behaviours. Study IV concerned the eight organisations in Study I. A leadership tool in the form of a Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) model was developed and evaluated. Study V was of two organisations in Sweden; the focus in that work was on the use of a leadership tool control chart designed to give managers statistically valid early warning signals about health in their organisations. Theory X and Y together with the three-dimensional leadership behaviour theory were used to assess leadership values and behaviours. The theory surrounding PDSA and control charts were used to develop leadership tools. The dimension of health is defined from a salutogenic humanistic perspective; which emphasizes individual well-being. The dimension of quality is defined as the ability to satisfy or exceed needs and expectations. Effectiveness is defined as the extent to which externally and internally defined objectives are fulfilled. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used. Interviews, seminars with employees, collection of human resource and effectiveness figures, and questionnaires completed by managers and subordinates were used to collect data. Managers with more Theory Y-oriented leadership values were rated by subordinates as high concerning quality methodologies and leadership behaviour dimensions. The subordinates of these managers tended to be healthier. Two of the studies identified common groups of leadership behaviours in effective and healthy organisations: strategy and vision, communication and information, authority and responsibility, learning culture, worker conversations, plainness and simplicity, humanity and trust, walking around and reflective personal leadership. These leadership behaviours fit into a leadership profile where all three of the dimensions of structure, relation and change are present. Of the three, the relation dimension is strongest and concluded to be a universal dimension. The developed PDSA model seems to be a leadership tool that influences both leadership values and behaviour, particularly in the area of relation-oriented leadership behaviours. An early warning system built on CUSUM- and Shewhartcharts concerning the health indicators of self-assessed general health and new sickcases per employee was also found to be a powerful and usable leadership tool. For future research, the explorative research findings can be quantitatively tested using representative and preferably cross-national data, with a longitudinal design.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Nordenmark, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Control and demands in work, work-private life balance and wellbeing among male and female self-employed in Europe
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 3, s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Self-employed persons and their enterprises are regarded as important to the economy for their contribution to economic development. However, an understanding of the relationship between the psychosocial working conditions, the work-life balance and outcomes, such as health and wellbeing among the self-employed and micro-enterprise is limited. The main aim of this article is to study the relationships between control and demands at work, the work-life balance and wellbeing among self-employed men and women. Data were obtained from the European Social Survey (ESS) programme 2004, which is an interview survey conducted in 26 European countries (n15 789). Wellbeing is measured by the WHO-Five Wellbeing Index and work-life balance is measured by an index consisting of two questions on work-life balance/conflict. The results show that men and women who are self-employed experience a lower level of work-life balance than those employed and this result is found more in men than women. When job control and demands are held constant for the self-employed and the employed, self-employed women experience a significantly higher level of work-life balance than do employed women, but self-employed men experience a similar level of work-life balance as do employed men. Self-employed women have a slightly higher level of wellbeing than do employed women and the difference between the selfemployed and the employed men is non-significant. When controlling for the level of job control, the relationship between self-employment and wellbeing is non-significant among women and is significantly negative among men. The results of this study confirm that the psychosocial working conditions are important because demands and control in work influence work-life balance and wellbeing among self-employed men and women.
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| 11. |
- Nordenmark, Mikael, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Job control and demands, work-life balance and wellbeing among self-employed men and women in Europe.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Self-employed persons and their enterprises are regarded as important to the economy for their contribution to economic development. However, an understanding of the relationship between the psychosocial working conditions, the work-life balance, and outcomes such as health and wellbeing among the self-employed and micro-enterprise is limited. The main aim of this article is to study the relationships between control and demands at work, the work-life balance and wellbeing among self-employed men and women. Data were obtained from the European Social Survey Program (ESS) 2004 which is an interview survey conducted in 26 European countries (n = 15 789). Wellbeing is measured by the WHO-Five Wellbeing Index and work-life balance is measured by an index consisting of two questions asking about work-life balance/conflict. The results show that men and women who are self-employed experience a lower level of work-life balance than the employed and this result is found more in men than women. When job control and demands are held constant for the self-employed and the employed, self-employed women experience a significantly higher level of work-life balance than do employed women, yet self-employed men experience a similar level of work-life balance as do employed men. Self-employed women have a slightly higher level of wellbeing than do employed women and the difference between the self-employed and employed men is non-significant. When controlling for the level of job control the relationship between self-employment and wellbeing is non-significant among women and is significantly negative among men. In sum, the results of this study confirm that the psychosocial working conditions are important because demands and control in work influence work-life balance and well-being among self-employed men and women.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Vinberg, Stig, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Arbetslivet - en bortglömd arena för jämlika hälso- och arbetsvillkor?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - 0037-833X. ; 88:4, s. 328-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uppsatsens syfte är att utifrån resultat om utvecklingen av hälsa och psykosociala förhållanden i arbetslivet diskutera behov av framtida hälsofrämjande och jämlikhetssträvande insatser. Resultat visar att en hög andel av den arbetande befolkningen utsätts för arbetsrelaterad ohälsa och påfrestande psykosociala förhållanden. Skillnaderna mellan olika grupper är tydliga och det systematiska arbetsmiljöarbetet och tillgången till företagshälsovård är ojämlikt fördelad mellan olika sektorer i arbetslivet. En slutsats är att politiska initiativ kring hälsa i arbetslivet måste samordnas mellan olika politikområden och att det behövs förstärkta insatser med fokus på ojämlikhet i hälsa och arbetsvillkor
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| 14. |
- Vinberg, Stig, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurs’ health – the importance of psychosocial working conditions and individual factors
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing. - 1742-5360 .- 1742-5379. ; 4:4, s. 374-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to identify individual characteristics, individual resources and psychosocial working conditions that explain health among micro enterprise entrepreneurs. The study investigated a sample consisting of 139 Swedish entrepreneurs, who individually answered a questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed for self-rated health, sickness presence and sickness absence. Relevant predictor variables for self-rated health were age, change competence, job demands (reversed), physical exercise, social activities and social support. For sickness presence (reversed) the predictor variables gender (male), age and job demands (reversed) contributed significantly. None of the predictor variables contributed significantly to sickness absence. One conclusion is that improving entrepreneurs’ health should focus on both individual and organisational measures. Another conclusion is that entrepreneurs’ health might be an underestimated resource for entrepreneurial behavior.
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| 15. |
- Vinberg, Stig, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Hur påverkas verksamhetens effektivitet och lönsamhet av satsningar på de anställdas hälsa? : En studie av ledarskap och hälsofrämjande processer i två glesbygdskommuner
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport fokuserar på hälsofrämjande verksamhetsstyrning i kommuner. Vår uppfattning är att detta tema är intressant utifrån att många hälsofrämjande processer stannar upp eller inte kommer igång i svenskt arbetsliv. Förhoppningsvis kan våra studier bidra till ökad kunskap om effekter av hälsofrämjande insatser på arbetsplatser. Vi hoppas att ledare för olika verksamheter i högre grad utnyttjar existerande kunskap från forskning och omsätter denna i goda förbättringsprocesser. Vår uppfattning är att uppstart och genomförande av sådana processer är beroende av chefens värderingar, engagemang och beteenden. I detta perspektiv anser vi att ökad organisatorisk och individuell hälsokompetens är en nödvändig förutsättning för dessa processers framgång. Med hälsokompetens menar vi kunskap, färdigheter och förmåga att förstå vilka komponenter som bör ingå i processen samt hur denna genomförs. Våra studier visar på betydelsen av ett engagerat ledarskap, helhetsinriktade insatser på såväl individ- som organisationsnivå samt hög delaktighet från ledare och medarbetare i planering och genomförande 1. Våra studier tyder på att det finns en ekonomisk potential för arbetsplatser som tillämpar ett sådant angreppssätt. Författarna vill tacka alla medarbetare i deltagande kommuner som studerats i projektet. Ett särskilt tack till Anne Lundstedt och Susanne Magnusson som förtjänstfullt hjälpt till med datainsamling och praktiska arrangemang, samt till Jörgen Söderback för hjälp med datafiler och Gunnar Gelin som gett värdefulla råd och stöd i de statistiska analyserna. Vi riktar också ett tack till IFAU som finansierat studien (Dnr 75/2009).
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| 16. |
- Vinberg, Stig, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Kvinnliga ledares arbetsvillkor i en glesbygdskommun – oglamorösa och hindrande för hälsofrämjande insatser?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - Stockholm. - 0037-833X. ; 90:6, s. 838-847
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Många arbetsplatser i offentlig sektor, inte minst i verksamheter med människor, är karakteriserade av hög sjukfrånvaro och de psykosociala arbetsförhållandena har försämrats särskilt för kvinnligt anställda. Syftet med föreliggande studie är att undersöka hur kvinnliga ledare i en glesbygdskommun upplever sina arbetsvillkor och förutsättningar för att genomföra hälsofrämjande insatser. Intervjuer genomfördes med tjugo kvinnliga ledare och resultaten analyserades med en innehållsanalys. Resultaten pekar på oglamorösa arbetsvillkor för ledarna och på stora behov av att förbättra deras villkor och hälsa, och på strategier för att undanröja hinder för hälsofrämjande insatser.
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| 17. |
- Vinberg, Stig, 1954-
(författare)
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Modern working life and inclusion
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Working life occupies a considerable part of life for most people and is therefore of great importance to public health. Besides work environment factors, employment conditions and the possibilty to balance work and leisure are of importance to individual health. Working environment conditions and the health of individuals are also important issues for the development and growth of organizations and regions. Health in working life is therefore a special target in several European and Swedish policy documents. In the Europe 2020 strategy it is pointed out that ensuring quality of work and employment is a core element for achieving competitiveness and sustainability. According to the community strategy on health and safety at work, good health at work helps improve public health in general and also the productivity and competitiveness of businesses. In a recent Swedish governmental report addressing a renewed work environment policy it is stated that the positive and health promoting effects of a work environment must be more visible. Furthermore, workplace problems of health and safety exact a high cost for social protection systems and therefore workers need to be provided with suitable working conditions if their general wellbeing is to be enhanced. Working environment and employment relations are also important when discussing social determinants for health and health equity in working life.
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| 18. |
- Vinberg, Stig, 1954-
(författare)
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Workplace-based prevention and rehabilitation programs in Swedish public human service organisations
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This presentation focuses on results from two studies concerning workplace health interventions in one Swedish rural municipality. The municipality has implemented a model for human resource accounting, an extensive leader and co-worker development program and specific workplace based health and working environment measures. The studies compare co-workers and leaders self-ratings of health and psychosocial working conditions, and investigate how workplace health interventions affect these ratings by analyzing results before, during and after carried out interventions. 19 workplaces including 311 individuals (20 leaders, 291 co-workers) participated. Results indicate differences concerning how the leaders and the co-workers judge their health and psychosocial working conditions. The leaders report a more varied and interesting work content and more possibilities to develop in work but, on the other hand, they report more tiredness, worry about handling the work situation and time pressure in work. However, both leaders and co-workers experience of being engaged at work correlated positively with items about not tired, not in pain, possibilities to develop abilities and good cooperation in the working group. Comparisons of mean values for used indicators show some improvements after one year, but several non-significant or negative time trends two years after the workplace health interventions starting point. Interviews with 20 female leaders show that they experience high and conflicting job demands, limited possibilities to influence their work situation, insufficient job resources and social support. However, the leaders experience possibilities to develop skills in their jobs and willingness to work with workplace health interventions. The study provides evidence concerning differences between co-workers and leaders health and psychosocial working conditions in public sector workplaces, which indicate the importance of different workplace health measures for these two categories of employees. The results also indicate that relatively extensive workplace health interventions have limited effects on co-workers and leaders perception of their health and psychosocial working conditions. Conclusions are that it is important to develop more high quality workplace health interventions focusing on individual and organizational based measures in public sector workplaces.
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| 19. |
- Vinberg, Stig, 1954-
(författare)
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Workplace-based prevention and rehabilitation programs in Swedish public human service organisations
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disability Mangement Research. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1833-8550 .- 1834-4887. ; 9, s. 1-1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This presentation focuses on results from studies concerning workplace health and rehabilitationinterventions in one Swedish rural municipality including 19 workplaces with a population of 311 individuals.The municipality has implemented a model for human resource accounting, an extensive leader and co-worker development program and specific workplace based health and rehabilitation measures. Methods: The studies compare co-workers and leaders self-ratings of health and psychosocial working conditions,and investigate how workplace health and rehabilitation programs affect these ratings by analysing quantitativeresults before, during and after carried out interventions. Qualitative data collection consisted of semi-structuredinterviews with middle managers and an examination of documents reviewing content of the interventions thathad been carried out. Findings: Results indicate differences concerning how the leaders and the co-workers judge their health andpsychosocial working conditions. When comparing mean changes in scores on indexes by individuals grouped inthe high quality workplace-based program group with individuals grouped in the low quality workplace-basedprogram group, there were more positive mean changes for the former group. Discussion: The findings of differences concerning how public sector leaders and co-workers judge their healthand psychosocial working conditions give support for different job characteristics for these two categories ofemployees. The rather strong relationships in the assumed direction between employees’ assessment of changesin health, and changes concerning stress and psychosocial working conditions that resulted are in line with otherresearch studies. Comparing workplaces grouped as having high quality workplace-based programs with workplaces with low quality workplace-based programs indicates that workplace-based prevention and rehabilitation programsin public human service organizations using a broad change strategy with high levels of participation from bothmanagers and co-workers, and developed leadership behaviour are more effective in improving employee health and psychosocial working conditions.
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| 20. |
- Vinberg, Stig, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Workplace-Based Prevention and Rehabilitation Programs in Swedish Public Human Service Organisations
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disability Mangement Research. - Australia : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1833-8550 .- 1834-4887. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to contribute to knowledge about workplace-based prevention and rehabilitation programs by investigating effects on outcomes concerning employee health, psychosocial working conditions, sickness absence, sick-cases and rehabilitation indicators in 19 Swedish public human service workplaces including 311 individuals. Interviews with middle managers and an examination of documentation about prevention and rehabilitation interventions at the workplaces made it possible to group the workplaces in two workplace program groups — high versus low quality workplace-based prevention and rehabilitation programs. Statistical methods used were reliability tests, correlation analyses and t tests. Results indicate significant associations between changes in employee-judged stress and psychosocial working conditions, and changes in employee-judged health. The results concerning changes in employees’ health, stress and psychosocial working conditions (after workplace-based programs) showed significant differences between workplaces with high quality workplace-based programs compared with workplaces with low quality workplace-based programs, with the former having more favourable results. The study indicates that workplace-based prevention and rehabilitation programs with a broad change strategy and high levels of management and employee involvement can apply to small public sector workplaces.
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| 21. |
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