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- Mokdad, Ali H., et al.
(författare)
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Diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region : findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Health. - : SPRINGER BASEL AG. - 1661-8556 .- 1661-8564. ; 63, s. 177-186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We used findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study to update our previous publication on the burden of diabetes and chronic kidney disease due to diabetes (CKD-DM) during 1990-2015. We extracted GBD 2015 estimates for prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of diabetes (including burden of low vision due to diabetes, neuropathy, and amputations and CKD-DM for 22 countries of the EMR from the GBD visualization tools. In 2015, 135,230 (95% UI 123,034-148,184) individuals died from diabetes and 16,470 (95% UI 13,977-18,961) from CKD-DM, 216 and 179% increases, respectively, compared to 1990. The total number of people with diabetes was 42.3 million (95% UI 38.6-46.4 million) in 2015. DALY rates of diabetes in 2015 were significantly higher than the expected rates based on Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Our study showed a large and increasing burden of diabetes in the region. There is an urgency in dealing with diabetes and its consequences, and these efforts should be at the forefront of health prevention and promotion.
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| 2. |
- Deyab, G, et al.
(författare)
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Antirheumatic treatment is associated with reduced serum Syndecan-1 in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2021
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 16:7, s. e0253247-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The endothelial glycocalyx (EG) is essential for proper function of the endothelium and for vascular integrity, but its role in premature atherogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been studied yet. EG impairment can play a role in pathogenesis of vascular disease, and one of its characteristics is shedding of syndecan-1 from endothelial cells. Syndecan-1 shedding is mediated by matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and counteracted by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1. Cardiovascular disease risk in RA is reversible by disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), but the exact modes of action are still unclear. Therefore, we examined effects of DMARDs on syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in RA patients, and searched for associations between these parameters and inflammatory activity. From the observational PSARA study, we examined 39 patients starting with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy (in MTX naïve patients, n = 19) or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in combination with MTX (in MTX non-responders, n = 20) due to active RA. Serum syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured at baseline and after six weeks of treatment. Serum syndecan-1 (p = 0.008) and TIMP-1 (p<0.001) levels decreased after six weeks of anti-rheumatic treatment. Levels of MMP-9 also decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant. The improvement in syndecan-1 levels were independent of changes in inflammatory activity. There was no significant difference in changes in syndecan-1 levels from baseline to 6 weeks between the MTX and TNFi groups, however the change was significant within the MTX group. Six weeks of antirheumatic treatment was associated with reduction in serum levels of syndecan-1, which might reflect reduced syndecan-1 shedding from EG. Thus, it is possible that EG-preserving properties of DMARDs might contribute to their cardioprotective effects. These effects may be at least partly independent of their anti-inflammatory actions. Our findings do not support the notion that syndecan-1 shedding in RA is mediated mainly by increased MMP-9 or decreased TIMP-9 serum concentration.
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| 4. |
- Verhagen, Josanne H., et al.
(författare)
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Wild bird surveillance around outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) virus in the Netherlands, 2014, within the context of global flyways.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Eurosurveillance. - 1025-496X .- 1560-7917. ; 20:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N8) viruses that emerged in poultry in east Asia since 2010 spread to Europe and North America by late 2014. Despite detections in migrating birds, the role of free-living wild birds in the global dispersal of H5N8 virus is unclear. Here, wild bird sampling activities in response to the H5N8 virus outbreaks in poultry in the Netherlands are summarised along with a review on ring recoveries. HPAI H5N8 virus was detected exclusively in two samples from ducks of the Eurasian wigeon species, among 4,018 birds sampled within a three months period from mid-November 2014. The H5N8 viruses isolated from wild birds in the Netherlands were genetically closely related to and had the same gene constellation as H5N8 viruses detected elsewhere in Europe, in Asia and in North America, suggesting a common origin. Ring recoveries of migratory duck species from which H5N8 viruses have been isolated overall provide evidence for indirect migratory connections between East Asia and Western Europe and between East Asia and North America. This study is useful for better understanding the role of wild birds in the global epidemiology of H5N8 viruses. The need for sampling large numbers of wild birds for the detection of H5N8 virus and H5N8-virus-specific antibodies in a variety of species globally is highlighted, with specific emphasis in north-eastern Europe, Russia and northern China.
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