| 1. |
- Alemani, Mattia, et al.
(author)
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Scaling effects of measuring disc brake airborne particulate matter emissions – A comparison of a pin-on-disc tribometer and an inertia dynamometer bench under dragging conditions
- 2018
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In: Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical engineers. Part J, journal of engineering tribology. - : Sage Publications. - 1350-6501 .- 2041-305X. ; 232:12, s. 1538-1547
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An important contributor to non-exhaust emissions in urban areas is airborne particulate matter originating from brake systems. A well-established way to test such systems in industry is to use inertia dynamometer benches; although they are quite expensive to run. Pin-on-disc tribometers, on the other hand, are relatively cheap to run, but simplify the real system. The literature indicates promising correlations between these two test stands with regard to measured airborne number distribution. Recent studies also show a strong dependency between the airborne number concentration and the disc temperature. However, a direct comparison that also takes into account temperature effects is missing. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to investigate how the transition temperature is affected by the different test scales, under dragging conditions, and the effects on total concentration and size distribution. New and used low-steel pins/pads were tested against cast iron discs/rotors on both the aforementioned test stands, appositely designed for particulate emission studies. A constant normal load and constant rotational velocity were imposed in both test stands. Results show that a transition temperature can always be identified. However, it is influenced by the test scale and the frictional pair status. Nevertheless, emissions are assessed similarly when an equivalent frictional pair status is analysed (e.g. run-in). Further investigations for fully run-in samples on the pin-on-disc should be performed in order to finally assess the possibility of using the tribometers for the initial assessment of different friction materials.
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| 2. |
- Lyu, Yezhe, 1987-, et al.
(author)
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A Friction, Wear and Emission Tribometer Study of Non-Asbestos Organic Pins Sliding Against AlSiC MMC Discs
- 2018
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In: Tribology in Industry. - : Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac. - 0354-8996 .- 2217-7965. ; 40:2, s. 274-282
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The friction, wear and particle emission from an AlSiC MMC brake disc/non-asbestos organic brake pad system is studied using a pin-on-disc tribometer. The results show that this unconventional AlSiC MMC brake disc system presents friction performance as good as a conventional cast iron brake disc system. During braking, brake pad materials are transferred to the brake disc surface to form a protective third body tribo-layer, resulting in a negative specific wear rate of the brake disc. A higher contact load is likely to make it easier to generate the tribo-layer. The tribo-layer also seems to depend on the disc surface grinding features and the contact temperature during braking. By reusing an AlSiC MMC disc where the tribo-layer is already formed, the airborne emission in terms of mass is about 50% lower and in terms of number about the same as the conventional brake contact pair under a similar braking condition. Further full-scale studies are suggested to determine the validity of the findings.
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| 3. |
- Riva, Gabriele, et al.
(author)
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A NUMERICAL STUDY OF DISC BRAKES WEAR DEPENDENCE OF ROTOR SURFACE COATING
- 2018
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Airborne emissions from disc brakes adversely affect the air quality in urban areas of EU. The emissions come from the wear of the pads and rotors in disc brakes. The wear of disc brakes depends on the contact situation between the pads and rotors. During braking, secondary contact plateaus are created on both the pads and rotors contact surfaces. Literature reports numerical studies of the creation of contact plateaus on the pad surface but no numerical studies known to the authors have taken into consideration the creation of contact plateaus on the rotor surface. Furthermore, experimental studies reported in the literature shows that secondary plateaus are created in the low-lands of the rotor contact surface and that this affects the wear performance. In particular, it has been reported that the creation of secondary plateaus on coated rotors have a relatively large affect the wear and emissions. The aim of this study is therefore to numerically investigate how the creation of contact plateaus on the rotor surface could affect the disc brake wear performance. This is done by expanding an existing simulation tool used for simulation of friction, wear and particle emission, which takes into account the creation of contact plateaus on the pad surface, to include creation of contact plateaus on the rotor surface. One rotor surface that corresponds to a cast iron rotor is compared with one rotor surface that corresponds to a coated rotor. The results are qualitatively in line with observations done in pin-on-disc tribometer tests. It remains to validate the numerical results with data obtained in experiments.
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