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- Solomon, A, et al.
(författare)
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Calcifying epithelial odontogenic (Pindborg) tumor-associated amyloid consists of a novel human protein
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. - 0022-2143 .- 1532-6543. ; 142:5, s. 348-355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors (CEOTs), also known as Pindborg tumors, are characterized by the presence of squamous-cell proliferation, calcification, and, notably, amyloid deposits. On the basis of immunohistochemical analyses, the amyloidogenic component had heretofore been deemed to consist of cytokeratin-related or other molecules, however, its chemical composition had never been elucidated. We have used our microanalytic techniques to characterize the protein nature of CEOT-associated amyloid isolated from specimens obtained from 3 patients. As evidenced by the results of amino-acid sequencing and mass spectrometry, the fibrils were found to be composed of a polypeptide of approximately 46 mer. This component was identical in sequence to the N-terminal portion of a hypothetical 153-residue protein encoded by the FLJ20513 gene cloned from the human KATO III cell line. That the amyloid protein was derived from this larger molecule was demonstrated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification of tumor-cell RNA where a full-length FLJ20513 transcript was found. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the amyloid within the CEOTs immunostained with antibodies prepared against a synthetic FLJ20513-related dodecapeptide. Out studies provide unequivocal evidence that CEOT-associated amyloid consists of a unique and previously undescribed protein that we provisionally designate APin.
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| 5. |
- Keis, K., et al.
(författare)
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Nanostructured ZnO electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cell applications
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A. - 1010-6030 .- 1873-2666. ; 148:03-jan, s. 57-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical solar cells constitute a promising candidate in the search for cost-effective and environment-friendly solar cells. The most extensively studied, and to date the most efficient systems are based on titanium dioxide. In this paper, the possibilities to use nanostructured ZnO electrodes in photoelectrochemical solar cells are investigated. Various experimental techniques (e.g. infrared, photoelectron, femtosecond and nanosecond laser spectroscopies, laser flash induced photocurrent transient measurements, two and three-electrode photoelectrochemical measurements) show that the thermodynamics, kinetics and charge transport properties are comparable for ZnO and TiO2. The preparation techniques of ZnO provide more possibilities of varying the particle size and shape compared to TiO2. However, the dye-sensitization process is more complex in case of ZnO and care needs to be taken to achieve an optimal performance of the solar cell.
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- Ma, Zhi, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced in vitro production of amyloid-like fibrils from mutant (S20G) islet amyloid polypeptide
- 2001
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Ingår i: Amyloid. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1350-6129 .- 1744-2818. ; 8, s. 242-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP, “amylin”) is the amyloid-fibril-forming polypeptide in the islets of Langerhans associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A missense mutation in the IAPP gene associated with early-onset type 2 diabetes has been identified in the Japanese population. This mutation results in a glycine for serine substitution at position 20 of the mature IAPP molecule. Whether or not formation of islet amyloid with resulting destruction of islet tissue is the cause of this diabetes is yet not known. The present in vitro study was performed in order to investigate any influence of the amino acid substitution on the fibril formation capacity. Synthetic full-length wild type (lAPPwt) and mutant (IAPPS20G) as well as corresponding truncated peptides (position 18-29) were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or in 10% acetic acid at a concentration of 10 mg/mL and their fibril forming capacity was checked by Congo red staining, electron microscopy, a Congo red affinity assay and Thioflavine T fluorometric assay. It was found that full-length and truncated IAPPS20G both formed more amyloid-like fibrils and did this faster compared to IAPPwt. The fibril morphology differed slightly between the preparations. Conclusion: The amino acid substitution (S20G) is situated close to the region of the IAPP molecule implicated in the IAPP fibrillogenesis. The significantly increased formation of amyloid-like fibrils by IAPPS20G is highly interesting and may be associated with an increased islet amyloid formation in vivo and of fundamental importance in the pathogenesis of this specific form of diabetes.
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| 11. |
- Johansson, Fredrik K., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of candidate cancer-causing genes in mouse brain tumors by retroviral tagging
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 101:31, s. 11334-11337
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Murine retroviruses may cause malignant tumors in mice by insertional mutagenesis of host genes. The use of retroviral tagging as a means of identifying cancer-causing genes has, however, almost entirely been restricted to hematopoietic tumors. The aim of this study was to develop a system allowing for the retroviral tagging of candidate genes in malignant brain tumors. Mouse gliomas were induced by a recombinant Moloney murine leukemia virus encoding platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) B-chain. The underlying idea was that tumors evolve through a combination of PDGF-mediated autocrine growth stimulation and insertional mutagenesis of genes that cooperate with PDGF in gliomagenesis. Common insertion sites (loci that were tagged in more than one tumor) were identified by cloning and sequencing retroviral flanking segments, followed by blast searches of mouse genome databases. A number of candidate brain tumor loci (Btls) were identified. Several of these Btls correspond to known tumor-causing genes; these findings strongly support the underlying idea of our experimental approach. Other Btls harbor genes with a hitherto unproven role in transformation or oncogenesis. Our findings indicate that retroviral tagging with a growth factor-encoding virus may be a powerful means of identifying candidate tumor-causing genes in nonhematopoietic tumors.
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- Mollersten, K., et al.
(författare)
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Potential and cost-effectiveness of CO2 reductions through energy measures in Swedish pulp and paper mills
- 2003
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Ingår i: Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-5442 .- 1873-6785. ; 28:7, s. 691-710
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the two criteria of potential CO2 reduction and Cost Of CO2 reduction, technical energy measures in Swedish pulp. and paper mills are investigated. Principal CO2-reducing measures analysed are: decreased specific energy utilisation, fuel switch, and CO2 capture and sequestration. Among the investigated measures, conventional technologies for electricity conservation and improved electrical conversion efficiency in existing systems for cogeneration of heat and power are identified as the most cost-effective alternatives that also have large CO2 reduction potentials. For commercially available technologies, the results indicate an accumulated reduction potential of up to 8 MtCO(2)/y (14% of the Swedish net emissions). If emerging technologies for black liquor gasification (BLG) with pre-combustion CO2 capture and sequestration are considered, the CO2 reduction potential increases by up to 6 MtCO(2)/y (10% of the Swedish net emissions). Commercialised BLG, CO2 capture and reliable CO2 sequestration technologies are identified as important potential contributors to Swedish compliance with Kyoto Protocol targets, especially in a scenario of nuclear power closure.
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