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- Bousquet, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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Development and implementation of guidelines in allergic rhinitis – an ARIA-GA2LEN paper.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 1398-9995 .- 0105-4538. ; 65:10, s. 1212-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The links between asthma and rhinitis are well characterized. The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines stress the importance of these links and provide guidance for their prevention and treatment. Despite effective treatments being available, too few patients receive appropriate medical care for both diseases. Most patients with rhinitis and asthma consult primary care physicians and therefore these physicians are encouraged to understand and use ARIA guidelines. Patients should also be informed about these guidelines to raise their awareness of optimal care and increase control of the two related diseases. To apply these guidelines, clinicians and patients need to understand how and why the recommendations were made. The goal of the ARIA guidelines is to provide recommendations about the best management options for most patients in most situations. These recommendations should be based on the best available evidence. Making recommendations requires the assessment of the quality of available evidence, deciding on the balance between benefits and downsides, consideration of patients’ values and preferences, and, if applicable, resource implications. Guidelines must be updated as new management options become available or important new evidence emerges. Transparent reporting of guidelines facilitates understanding and acceptance, but implementation strategies need to be improved.
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- Bousquet, J, et al.
(författare)
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Severe chronic allergic (and related) diseases: a uniform approach--a MeDALL--GA2LEN--ARIA position paper
- 2012
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Ingår i: International archives of allergy and immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0097 .- 1018-2438. ; 158:3, s. 216-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concepts of disease severity, activity, control and responsiveness to treatment are linked but different. Severity refers to the loss of function of the organs induced by the disease process or to the occurrence of severe acute exacerbations. Severity may vary over time and needs regular follow-up. Control is the degree to which therapy goals are currently met. These concepts have evolved over time for asthma in guidelines, task forces or consensus meetings. The aim of this paper is to generalize the approach of the uniform definition of severe asthma presented to WHO for chronic allergic and associated diseases (rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis) in order to have a uniform definition of severity, control and risk, usable in most situations. It is based on the appropriate diagnosis, availability and accessibility of treatments, treatment responsiveness and associated factors such as comorbidities and risk factors. This uniform definition will allow a better definition of the phenotypes of severe allergic (and related) diseases for clinical practice, research (including epidemiology), public health purposes, education and the discovery of novel therapies.
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- Nieto, A, et al.
(författare)
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Allergy and asthma prevention 2014
- 2014
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Ingår i: Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1399-3038. ; 25:6, s. 516-533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Asarnoj, A, et al.
(författare)
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Anaphylaxis to peanut in a patient predominantly sensitized to Ara h 6
- 2012
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Ingår i: International archives of allergy and immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0097 .- 1018-2438. ; 159:2, s. 209-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diagnosis of peanut allergy has improved thanks to component-resolved diagnostics. Peanut allergen component Ara h 2 is considered to indicate true peanut allergy. The component Ara h 6 is structurally similar to Ara h 2, but the diagnostic value of analyzing IgE antibodies to Ara h 6 is unclear. A boy sensitized (≥0.35 kU<sub>A</sub>/l) to Ara h 8 but not to Ara h 1, Ara h 2 and Ara h 3 was challenged with peanut and developed grade II anaphylaxis. In serum collected at the time of challenge a doubling of IgE to the peanut allergen extract was observed compared to allergy testing 9 months earlier. In contrast, IgE levels to Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3 and to Ara h 8 were rather unchanged. After another 2 months, Ara h 6 was analyzed and revealed a level of 24 kU<sub>A</sub>/l whilst Ara h 2 was 0.12 kU<sub>A</sub>/l. We suggest that IgE sensitization to Ara h 6 caused the reaction and conclude that analyses of IgE levels to peanut and peanut components should be performed in connection with a challenge. Furthermore, levels to Ara h 2 below 0.35 kU<sub>A</sub>/l may still indicate a risk of severe reaction at the time of challenge since in rare cases, Ara h 6 IgE antibodies may be present without occurrence of IgE antibodies to Ara h 2.
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| 17. |
- Asarnoj, A., et al.
(författare)
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IgE to peanut allergen components : relation to peanut symptoms and pollen sensitization in 8-year-olds
- 2010
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 65:9, s. 1189-1195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Allergen-specific IgE testing is often performed with crude peanut extract, but the results may be difficult to interpret because of cross-reactions between peanut and other plant allergens. The aim was to investigate IgE reactivity to peanut allergen components in children from a birch-rich region in relation to pollen sensitization and peanut symptoms. Methods: From a birth cohort, clinical parameters were obtained through questionnaires and IgE antibody levels to peanut and birch pollen were measured. Different peanut/birch sensitization phenotypes were defined among 200 selected children. IgE reactivity to peanut and pollen allergen components was analysed using microarray technique. Results: Peanut symptoms were reported in 87% of the children with IgE reactivity to any of the peanut allergens Ara h 1, 2 or 3 but not to Ara h 8 (n = 46) vs 17% of children with IgE reactivity to Ara h 8 but not to Ara h 1, 2 or 3 (n = 23), P < 0.001. Furthermore, symptoms were more severe in children with Ara h 1, 2 or 3 reactivity. Children with IgE reactivity both to Ara h 2 and to Ara h 1 or 3 more often reported peanut symptoms than children with IgE only to Ara h 2 (97% vs 70%, P = 0.016), particularly respiratory symptoms (50% vs 9%, P = 0.002). Conclusions: IgE analysis to peanut allergen components may be used to distinguish between peanut-sensitized individuals at risk of severe symptoms and those likely to have milder or no symptoms to peanut if sensitized to pollen allergens and their peanut homologue allergens.
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| 28. |
- Lundin, S, et al.
(författare)
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Atopic eczema among schoolchildren
- 2013
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Ingår i: ALLERGY. - 0105-4538. ; 68, s. 160-161
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Wagersten, Ola S, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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A Framework for Non-nominal Visualization and Perceived Quality Evaluation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, August 28-31, Washington, DC. - 9780791854792 ; 2:Parts A and B, s. 739-748
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perceived Quality clusters different aspects that influence the customer's perception of non-functional quality on a product that are perceive through senses. All together those aspects and the harmony between them reflect the producer's ability to control product parameters and thereby also mirror the functional quality of the product. High Perceived Quality can not be added to the product at the end of the developing process. Project prerequisites, system solution, factory capability etc. are criterion to succeed. Therefore, it is important to be able to evaluate Perceived Quality early in the process when product system solutions and architecture are defined, although data maturity is low.This paper presents a comprehensive framework to manage and support evaluation of Perceived Quality aspects in a product development process. The framework is based on an industrial process in combination with recent research within the field. The framework focus on activities that can be performed at different stages in the developing process based on maturity of the CAD or styling data. For example, if the styling data is divided into different components by split-lines it has reached higher level of maturity then styling data that not has been divided. Consequently, the choice of applied method is based on data maturity, regardless phase in the developing process. The framework contain methods based on several different simulation and analysis techniques. Both design methods, Computer Aided Tolerancing and FEA based non-rigid variation simulation are represented in the framework.
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| 37. |
- Wagersten, Ola S, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Non-FEA-Based Method as Means for Knowledge Based Assessment of Perceived Quality
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition. - 9780791856413
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fit and finish of vehicle split-lines is one important contributor to the final Perceived Quality (PQ) of the product. To achieve high PQ of split-lines, effects of geometrical variation has to be considered.In early phases of the development chain the geometry models used for simulation and visualization have low level of detail. This limits the possibility to perform certain simulations that rely on a more complete detailed design. Consequently, alternative methods have to be considered to predict and simulate possible outcome in early phases concerning PQ issues.This paper proposes how an existing non-FEA-based deformation method can support virtual assessment of the PQ of split-lines in early phases. The method is based on mesh morphing and has been implemented in a CAT-tool (Computer-Aided Tolerancing). Its strength lies in the simplicity of generating deformed shapes. The paper specifically focuses on how available knowledge regarding issues from previous projects can be used as input to the method, to predict part deviation and part behavior. The paper further presents industrial examples where the method has been applied. The results show that the proposed technique can be used as a complement to other simulation tools in early phases, where low level of detail on geometries limits the possibility to perform FEA (Finite Element Analysis) based simulations.
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| 38. |
- Wagersten, Ola S, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Towards Non-FEA-Based Deformation Methods for Evaluating Perceived Quality of Split-Lines
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering Design. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1466-1837 .- 0954-4828. ; 24:9, s. 623-639
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the automotive industry, the evaluation of Perceived Quality of split-lines is strongly dependent onsimulation and visualisation activities to analyse consequences of geometrical variation. A truthful representationof the part behaviour is therefore essential. Moreover, variation simulation of non-rigid partsis today performed by finite element analysis (FEA). FEA-based methods demand meshed models thatcorrespond to the final engineering design to calculate the correct stiffness matrix. However, geometricalmodels in early phases have significantly lower level of detail. Approximate methods are thereforeconsidered as options to better deal with this restriction. In this paper, an approximate non-FEA-basedsimulation method, based on a mesh morphing approach, has been the subject of a case study to evaluateits acceptance and applicability. It involved a focus group and individual interviews with engineers andproject managers from two companies within the automotive industry. The study shows that providing thepossibility to perform visualisation activities in the early phases is highly sought after, both on an engineeringlevel and on a management level. Furthermore, a number of application scenarios for this type ofapproximate method were proposed. The study also identified strengths and risks of visualising the effectsof geometrical variation in this way.
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| 39. |
- Wickman, Casper, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of rigid and non-rigid variation simulations when assessing perceived quality of split-lines
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering Design. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1466-1837 .- 0954-4828. ; 25:1-3, s. 1-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-nominal visualisation is used to evaluate how geometrical variation influences the appearance of split-lines between components on a car body. Depending on the simulation method, visualised variation can be represented in an unrealistic manner, which can affect the perception of the result. This paper presents a comparative study in which eye-tracking equipment has been used in order to explore whether the interpretation of variation differs between rigid- and non-rigid-based variation simulations during the evaluation of visualised models. Subjects from the automotive industry were asked to evaluate two virtual models where the same amount of variation was represented by rigid and non-rigid models. Eye tracking was used to record how the subjects performed the assessment. The result shows that there is a significant difference in how simulation results are interpreted using rigid versus non-rigid simulation.
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