| 1. |
- Stepien, M., et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic perturbations prior to hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis: Findings from a prospective observational cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 148:3, s. 609-625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development entails changes in liver metabolism. Current knowledge on metabolic perturbations in HCC is derived mostly from case-control designs, with sparse information from prospective cohorts. Our objective was to apply comprehensive metabolite profiling to detect metabolites whose serum concentrations are associated with HCC development, using biological samples from within the prospective European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort (>520 000 participants), where we identified 129 HCC cases matched 1:1 to controls. We conducted high-resolution untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics on serum samples collected at recruitment prior to cancer diagnosis. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was applied controlling for dietary habits, alcohol consumption, smoking, body size, hepatitis infection and liver dysfunction. Corrections for multiple comparisons were applied. Of 9206 molecular features detected, 220 discriminated HCC cases from controls. Detailed feature annotation revealed 92 metabolites associated with HCC risk, of which 14 were unambiguously identified using pure reference standards. Positive HCC-risk associations were observed forN1-acetylspermidine, isatin,p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid, tyrosine, sphingosine,l,l-cyclo(leucylprolyl), glycochenodeoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid and 7-methylguanine. Inverse risk associations were observed for retinol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, glycerophosphocholine, gamma-carboxyethyl hydroxychroman and creatine. Discernible differences for these metabolites were observed between cases and controls up to 10 years prior to diagnosis. Our observations highlight the diversity of metabolic perturbations involved in HCC development and replicate previous observations (metabolism of bile acids, amino acids and phospholipids) made in Asian and Scandinavian populations. These findings emphasize the role of metabolic pathways associated with steroid metabolism and immunity and specific dietary and environmental exposures in HCC development.
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| 2. |
- Heath, A. K., et al.
(författare)
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Nutrient-wide association study of 92 foods and nutrients and breast cancer risk
- 2020
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Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-5411 .- 1465-542X. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Several dietary factors have been reported to be associated with risk of breast cancer, but to date, unequivocal evidence only exists for alcohol consumption. We sought to systematically assess the association between intake of 92 foods and nutrients and breast cancer risk using a nutrient-wide association study. Methods Using data from 272,098 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, we assessed dietary intake of 92 foods and nutrients estimated by dietary questionnaires. Cox regression was used to quantify the association between each food/nutrient and risk of breast cancer. A false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05 was used to select the set of foods and nutrients to be replicated in the independent Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). Results Six foods and nutrients were identified as associated with risk of breast cancer in the EPIC study (10,979 cases). Higher intake of alcohol overall was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer (hazard ratio (HR) for a 1 SD increment in intake = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.07), as was beer/cider intake and wine intake (HRs per 1 SD increment = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.06 and 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.06, respectively), whereas higher intakes of fibre, apple/pear, and carbohydrates were associated with a lower risk of breast cancer (HRs per 1 SD increment = 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.98; 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.99; and 0.96, 95% CI 0.95-0.98, respectively). When evaluated in the NLCS (2368 cases), estimates for each of these foods and nutrients were similar in magnitude and direction, with the exception of beer/cider intake, which was not associated with risk in the NLCS. Conclusions Our findings confirm a positive association of alcohol consumption and suggest an inverse association of dietary fibre and possibly fruit intake with breast cancer risk.
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| 3. |
- Grenville, Z. S., et al.
(författare)
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Diet and BMI Correlate with Metabolite Patterns Associated with Aggressive Prostate Cancer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 14:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three metabolite patterns have previously shown prospective inverse associations with the risk of aggressive prostate cancer within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Here, we investigated dietary and lifestyle correlates of these three prostate cancer-related metabolite patterns, which included: 64 phosphatidylcholines and three hydroxysphingomyelins (Pattern 1), acylcarnitines C18:1 and C18:2, glutamate, ornithine, and taurine (Pattern 2), and 8 lysophosphatidylcholines (Pattern 3). In a two-stage cross-sectional discovery (n = 2524) and validation (n = 518) design containing 3042 men free of cancer in EPIC, we estimated the associations of 24 dietary and lifestyle variables with each pattern and the contributing individual metabolites. Associations statistically significant after both correction for multiple testing (False Discovery Rate = 0.05) in the discovery set and at p < 0.05 in the validation set were considered robust. Intakes of alcohol, total fish products, and its subsets total fish and lean fish were positively associated with Pattern 1. Body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with Pattern 2, which appeared to be driven by a strong positive BMI-glutamate association. Finally, both BMI and fatty fish were inversely associated with Pattern 3. In conclusion, these results indicate associations of fish and its subtypes, alcohol, and BMI with metabolite patterns that are inversely associated with risk of aggressive prostate cancer.
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| 4. |
- His, Mathilde, et al.
(författare)
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Lifestyle correlates of eight breast cancer-related metabolites : a cross-sectional study within the EPIC cohort
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Medicine. - : BioMed Central. - 1741-7015. ; 19:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Metabolomics is a promising molecular tool for identifying novel etiological pathways leading to cancer. In an earlier prospective study among pre- and postmenopausal women not using exogenous hormones, we observed a higher risk of breast cancer associated with higher blood concentrations of one metabolite (acetylcarnitine) and a lower risk associated with higher blood concentrations of seven others (arginine, asparagine, phosphatidylcholines (PCs) aa C36:3, ae C34:2, ae C36:2, ae C36:3, and ae C38:2).Methods: To identify determinants of these breast cancer-related metabolites, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis to identify their lifestyle and anthropometric correlates in 2358 women, who were previously included as controls in case-control studies nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort and not using exogenous hormones at blood collection. Associations of each metabolite concentration with 42 variables were assessed using linear regression models in a discovery set of 1572 participants. Significant associations were evaluated in a validation set (n = 786).Results: For the metabolites previously associated with a lower risk of breast cancer, concentrations of PCs ae C34:2, C36:2, C36:3, and C38:2 were negatively associated with adiposity and positively associated with total and saturated fat intakes. PC ae C36:2 was also negatively associated with alcohol consumption and positively associated with two scores reflecting adherence to a healthy lifestyle. Asparagine concentration was negatively associated with adiposity. Arginine and PC aa C36:3 concentrations were not associated to any of the factors examined. For the metabolite previously associated with a higher risk of breast cancer, acetylcarnitine, a positive association with age was observed.Conclusions: These associations may indicate possible mechanisms underlying associations between lifestyle and anthropometric factors, and risk of breast cancer. Further research is needed to identify potential non-lifestyle correlates of the metabolites investigated.
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| 5. |
- Huybrechts, Inge, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of the degree of food processing in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition : application of the nova classification and validation using selected biomarkers of food processing
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Nutrition. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-861X. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between the degree of food processing in our diet and the risk of various chronic diseases. Much of this evidence is based on the international Nova classification system, which classifies food into four groups based on the type of processing: (1) Unprocessed and minimally processed foods, (2) Processed culinary ingredients, (3) Processed foods, and (4) “Ultra-processed” foods (UPF). The ability of the Nova classification to accurately characterise the degree of food processing across consumption patterns in various European populations has not been investigated so far. Therefore, we applied the Nova coding to data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) in order to characterize the degree of food processing in our diet across European populations with diverse cultural and socio-economic backgrounds and to validate this Nova classification through comparison with objective biomarker measurements.Methods: After grouping foods in the EPIC dataset according to the Nova classification, a total of 476,768 participants in the EPIC cohort (71.5% women; mean age 51 [standard deviation (SD) 9.93]; median age 52 [percentile (p)25–p75: 58–66] years) were included in the cross-sectional analysis that characterised consumption patterns based on the Nova classification. The consumption of food products classified as different Nova categories were compared to relevant circulating biomarkers denoting food processing, measured in various subsamples (N between 417 and 9,460) within the EPIC cohort via (partial) correlation analyses (unadjusted and adjusted by sex, age, BMI and country). These biomarkers included an industrial transfatty acid (ITFA) isomer (elaidic acid; exogenous fatty acid generated during oil hydrogenation and heating) and urinary 4-methyl syringol sulfate (an indicator for the consumption of smoked food and a component of liquid smoke used in UPF).Results: Contributions of UPF intake to the overall diet in % grams/day varied across countries from 7% (France) to 23% (Norway) and their contributions to overall % energy intake from 16% (Spain and Italy) to >45% (in the UK and Norway). Differences were also found between sociodemographic groups; participants in the highest fourth of UPF consumption tended to be younger, taller, less educated, current smokers, more physically active, have a higher reported intake of energy and lower reported intake of alcohol. The UPF pattern as defined based on the Nova classification (group 4;% kcal/day) was positively associated with blood levels of industrial elaidic acid (r = 0.54) and 4-methyl syringol sulfate (r = 0.43). Associations for the other 3 Nova groups with these food processing biomarkers were either inverse or non-significant (e.g., for unprocessed and minimally processed foods these correlations were –0.07 and –0.37 for elaidic acid and 4-methyl syringol sulfate, respectively).Conclusion: These results, based on a large pan-European cohort, demonstrate sociodemographic and geographical differences in the consumption of UPF. Furthermore, these results suggest that the Nova classification can accurately capture consumption of UPF, reflected by stronger correlations with circulating levels of industrial elaidic acid and a syringol metabolite compared to diets high in minimally processed foods.
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| 6. |
- Wedekind, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of blood acylcarnitine concentrations in healthy individuals of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 41:8, s. 1735-1745
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aims: Circulating levels of acylcarnitines (ACs) have been associated with the risk of various diseases such as cancer and type 2 diabetes. Diet and lifestyle factors have been shown to influence AC concentrations but a better understanding of their biological, lifestyle and metabolic determinants is needed.Methods: Circulating ACs were measured in blood by targeted (15 ACs) and untargeted metabolomics (50 ACs) in 7770 and 395 healthy participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), respectively. Associations with biological and lifestyle characteristics, dietary patterns, self-reported intake of individual foods, estimated intake of carnitine and fatty acids, and fatty acids in plasma phospholipid fraction and amino acids in blood were assessed.Results: Age, sex and fasting status were associated with the largest proportion of AC variability (partial-r up to 0.19, 0.18 and 0.16, respectively). Some AC species of medium or long-chain fatty acid moiety were associated with the corresponding fatty acids in plasma (partial-r = 0.24) or with intake of specific foods such as dairy foods containing the same fatty acid. ACs of short-chain fatty acid moiety (propionylcarnitine and valerylcarnitine) were moderately associated with concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (partial-r = 0.5). Intake of most other foods and of carnitine showed little association with AC levels.Conclusions: Our results show that determinants of ACs in blood vary according to their fatty acid moiety, and that their concentrations are related to age, sex, diet, and fasting status. Knowledge on their potential determinants may help interpret associations of ACs with disease risk and inform on potential dietary and lifestyle factors that might be modified for disease prevention.
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| 7. |
- Amberntsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Maternal vitamin D intake and BMI during pregnancy in relation to child's growth and weight status from birth to 8 years: a large national cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To examine the associations between maternal vitamin D intake and childhood growth and risk of overweight up to 8 years. We further examined the effect modification by maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI). Design Prospective population-based pregnancy cohort study. Setting The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Participants In total, 58 724 mothers and 66 840 singleton children, with information on maternal vitamin D intake during the pregnancy and minimum one postnatal anthropometric measurement. Outcome measures Predicted weight and height growth trajectories and velocities from 1 month to 8 years, rapid growth during infancy and toddlerhood, and risk of overweight in preschool and school age. Results Overall, maternal vitamin D intake was associated with lower weight trajectory, lower odds of rapid weight growth and higher odds of childhood overweight. In children of mothers with prepregnancy normal weight, maternal vitamin D intake was negatively associated with weight trajectory and lower OR of a rapid weight growth during the first year, compared with reference (<5 mu g/day). Children of mothers with normal weight, with maternal vitamin D intakes of 10-15 and >15 mu g/day, also had 0.86 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.97) and 0.88 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.99) lower odds for overweight at 3 years, compared with reference. In contrast, in children of mothers with prepregnancy overweight (BMI >= 25 kg/m(2)), vitamin D intake was positively associated with weight trajectory. Children of mothers with overweight, with maternal vitamin D intake of 5-9.9 mu g/day, also had (1.09 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.18) and 1.12 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.23)) higher odds for overweight at 5 years and 8 years, compared with reference. Conclusions Maternal vitamin D intake affects postnatal growth and is inversely associated with childhood overweight in children of mothers with normal weight. Associations between maternal vitamin D intake and child growth and risk of overweight varied by prepregnancy BMI.
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| 8. |
- Amberntsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Maternal vitamin D status and risk of childhood overweight at 5 years of age in two Nordic cohort studies
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Nutrition. - 2296-861X. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionMaternal vitamin D status during pregnancy has been suggested to have a role in childhood adiposity development, but results are conflicting. Our aims were to investigate [1] the relationships between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) during pregnancy and the child's body mass index (BMI) and risk of overweight at 5 years of age, and [2] maternal pre-pregnancy BMI as effect modifier for these associations. MethodsData sources included a subsample from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa sub-cohort; N = 2,744) and the Swedish GraviD cohort study (N = 891). Maternal 25OHD was analyzed in gestational week 18 in the MoBa sub-cohort and week 10 in the GraviD cohort. In the MoBa sub-cohort, parents reported their child's documented measures of weight and length or height from the health card at routine check-up. In the GraviD cohort, this information was collected directly from medical records. Childhood overweight (including obesity) was identified using the International Obesity Task Force cut-offs. Linear and logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between maternal 25OHD and child's BMI and risk of overweight at 5 years of age in each cohort separately, and in a pooled dataset. ResultsIn the pooled analysis, maternal 25OHD <30 nmol/L was associated with lower BMI in children at 5 years of age, but not with risk of overweight. Interaction analysis showed that the association was predominant among children of mothers with pre-pregnancy BMI & GE;25 kg/m(2). ConclusionLow maternal vitamin D status, particularly in mothers with overweight or obesity, predicted lower BMI in their five-year-old children. However, there was no evidence of an effect on overweight in these children.
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| 9. |
- Amberntsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Maternal vitamin D status in relation to infant BMI growth trajectories up to 2 years of age in two prospective pregnancy cohorts
- 2022
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Ingår i: Obesity Science & Practice. - : Wiley. - 2055-2238. ; 8:5, s. 670-681
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Early childhood growth can affect the child's health status later in life. Maternal vitamin D status has been suggested to affect early childhood growth. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the role of maternal vitamin D status on growth trajectories during infancy. By using growth mixture modeling (GMM), maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy can be investigated in relation to different classes of infant growth trajectories. Objectives: To examine the association between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and classes of infant body mass index (BMI) growth trajectories. Methods: Mother-child pairs were included from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa, n = 2522) and the Swedish GraviD cohort (n = 862). Maternal 25OHD in pregnancy was analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Children's weights and heights were registry-based. GMM identified classes of infant BMI growth trajectories up to 2 years. The association between maternal 25OHD and infant BMI class by cohort was estimated using a log-link generalized linear model. Mixed model analysis estimated the pooled association including both cohorts. Results: Two infant BMI classes were identified, stable normal and stable high. In MoBa, maternal 25OHD <50 and 50-75 nmol/L were associated (RR 2.70, 95% CI 1.26-5.77 and RR 2.56, 95% CI 1.20-5.47) with a higher risk of the infant stable high BMI class, compared with 25OHD >75 nmol/L. In GraviD, no association was found. In pooled analysis, maternal 25OHD <= 75 nmol/L was non-significantly associated with a higher risk of the stable high BMI growth class. Conclusions: Maternal 250HD <= 75 nmol/L may be associated with a higher class of BMI growth trajectory during infancy.
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| 10. |
- Amberntsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D intake and determinants of vitamin D status during pregnancy in The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Nutrition. - 2296-861X. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundNorwegian data on vitamin D status among pregnant women indicate a moderate to high prevalence of insufficient vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations & LE;50 nmol/L). There is a lack of population-based research on vitamin D intake and determinants of 25OHD in pregnant women from northern latitudes. The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate total vitamin D intake from both diet and supplements, (2) to investigate determinants of vitamin D status, and (3) to investigate the predicted response in vitamin D status by total vitamin D intake, in pregnant Norwegian women. MethodsIn total, 2,960 pregnant women from The Norwegian Environmental Biobank, a sub-study within The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), were included. Total vitamin D intake was estimated from a food frequency questionnaire in gestational week 22. Concentrations of plasma 25OHD was analyzed by automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay method in gestational week 18. Candidate determinant variables of 25OHD were chosen using stepwise backward selection and investigated using multivariable linear regression. Predicted 25OHD by total vitamin D intake, overall and stratified by season and pre-pregnancy BMI, was explored using restricted cubic splines in an adjusted linear regression. ResultsOverall, about 61% of the women had a total vitamin D intake below the recommended intake. The main contributors to total vitamin D intake were vitamin D supplements, fish, and fortified margarine. Higher 25OHD concentrations were associated with (in descending order of the beta estimates) summer season, use of solarium, higher vitamin D intake from supplements, origin from high income country, lower pre-pregnancy BMI, higher age, higher vitamin D intake from foods, no smoking during pregnancy, higher education and energy intake. During October-May, a vitamin D intake according to the recommended intake was predicted to reach sufficient 25OHD concentrations >50 nmoL/L. ConclusionThe findings from this study highlight the importance of the vitamin D intake, as one of few modifiable determinants, to reach sufficient 25OHD concentrations during months when dermal synthesis of vitamin D is absent.
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| 11. |
- Augustin, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Late Pregnancy Vitamin D Deficiency is Associated with Doubled Odds of Birth Asphyxia and Emergency Caesarean Section: A Prospective Cohort Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Maternal and Child Health Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1092-7875 .- 1573-6628. ; 24, s. 1412-1418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the associations between maternal vitamin D status in late pregnancy and emergency caesarean section (EMCS) and birth asphyxia, in a population based sample of women in Sweden. Methods Pregnant women were recruited at the antenatal care in Sweden and 1832 women were included after exclusion of miscarriages, terminated pregnancies and missing data on vitamin D status. Mode of delivery was retrieved from medical records. EMCS was defined as caesarean section after onset of labour. Birth asphyxia was defined as either 5 min Apgar score < 7 or arterial umbilical cord pH < 7.1. Serum was sampled in the third trimester of pregnancy (T3) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was analysed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25OHD < 30 nmol/L, and associations were studied using logistic regression analysis and expressed as adjusted odds ratios (AOR). Results In total, 141 (7.7%) women had an EMCS and 58 (3.2%) children were born with birth asphyxia. Vitamin D deficiency was only associated with higher odds of EMCS in women without epidural anaesthesia (AOR = 2.01, p = 0.044). Vitamin D deficiency was also associated with higher odds of birth asphyxia (AOR = 2.22, p = 0.044). Conclusions for Practice In this Swedish prospective population-based cohort study, vitamin D deficiency in late pregnancy was associated with doubled odds of birth asphyxia and with EMCS in deliveries not aided by epidural anaesthesia. Prevention of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women may reduce the incidence of EMCS and birth asphyxia. The mechanism behind the findings require further investigation.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Lindqvist, Helen, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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A Randomized Controlled Dietary Intervention Improved the Serum Lipid Signature towards a Less Atherogenic Profile in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Metabolites. - : MDPI AG. - 2218-1989. ; 11:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diet is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). One explanation for this is its effect on specific lipids. However, knowledge on how the lipidome is affected is limited. We aimed to investigate if diet can change the new ceramide- and phospholipid-based CVD risk score CERT2 and the serum lipidome towards a more favorable CVD signature. In a crossover trial (ADIRA), 50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had 10 weeks of a Mediterranean-style diet intervention or a Western-style control diet and then switched diets after a 4-month wash-out-period. Five hundred and thirty-eight individual lipids were measured in serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Lipid risk scores were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test or mixed model and lipidomic data with multivariate statistical methods. In the main analysis, including the 46 participants completing >= 1 diet period, there was no significant difference in CERT2 after the intervention compared with the control, although several CERT2 components were changed within periods. In addition, triacylglycerols, cholesteryl esters, phosphatidylcholines, alkylphosphatidylcholines and alkenylphosphatidylcholines had a healthier composition after the intervention compared to after the control diet. This trial indicates that certain dietary changes can improve the serum lipid signature towards a less atherogenic profile in patients with RA.
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| 14. |
- Lindqvist, Helen, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Dietary n-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake on Oxylipins in Erythrocytes of Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Molecules. - : MDPI AG. - 1420-3049. ; 28:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxylipins derived from n-3 fatty acids are suggested as the link between these fatty acids and reduced inflammation. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of a randomized controlled cross-over intervention on oxylipin patterns in erythrocytes. Twenty-three women with rheumatoid arthritis completed 2 x 11-weeks exchanging one cooked meal per day, 5 days a week, for a meal including 75 g blue mussels (source for n-3 fatty acids) or 75 g meat. Erythrocyte oxylipins were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results were analyzed with multivariate data analysis. Orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) with effect projections and with discriminant analysis were performed to compare the two diets' effects on oxylipins. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to test pre and post values for each dietary period as well as post blue-mussel vs. post meat. The blue-mussel diet led to significant changes in a few oxylipins from the precursor fatty acids arachidonic acid and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid. Despite significant changes in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and free EPA in erythrocytes in the mussel group, no concurrent changes in their oxylipins were seen. Further research is needed to study the link between n-3 fatty-acid intake, blood oxylipins, and inflammation.
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| 15. |
- Ohman, E. A., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of dietary and exercise treatments on HDL subclasses in lactating women with overweight and obesity: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0007-1145 .- 1475-2662. ; 128:11, s. 2105-2114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Childbearing decreases HDL-cholesterol, potentially contributing to the increased risk of CVD in parous women. Large HDL particles (HDL-P) are associated with lower risk of CVD. In this secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial, we investigated the effects of 12-week dietary and exercise treatments on HDL-P subclass concentration, size and apoA1 in lactating women with overweight/obesity. At 10-14 weeks postpartum, 68 women with pre-pregnant BMI 25-35 kg/m(2) were randomised to four groups using 2 x 2 factorial design: (1) dietary treatment for weight loss; (2) exercise treatment; (3) both treatments and (4) no treatment. Lipoprotein subclass profiling by NMR spectroscopy was performed in serum at randomisation and after 3 and 12 months, and the results analysed with two-way ANCOVA. Lipid concentrations decline naturally postpartum. At 3 months (5-6 months postpartum), both diet (P = 0 center dot 003) and exercise (P = 0 center dot 008) reduced small HDL-P concentration. Concurrently, exercise limited the decline in very large HDL-P (P = 0 center dot 002) and the effect was still significant at 12 months (15 months postpartum) (P = 0 center dot 041). At 12 months, diet limited the decline in very large HDL-P (P = 0 center dot 005), large HDL-P (P = 0 center dot 001) and apoA1 (P = 0 center dot 002) as well as HDL size (P = 0 center dot 002). The dietary treatment for weight loss and the exercise treatment both showed effects on HDL-P subclasses in lactating women with overweight and obesity possibly associated with lower CVD risk. The dietary treatment had more effects than the exercise treatment at 12 months, likely associated with a 10 % weight loss.
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