| 1. |
- Adell, Gunnar, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
-
p53 status : an indicator for the effect of preoperative radiotherapy of rectal cancer.
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 51:2, s. 169-174
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Rectal carcinoma is a common malignancy, with a history of high local recurrence rates following surgery. In recent years. preoperative radiotherapy and refined surgical technique have improved local control rates.AIM: To investigate the relationship between expression of nuclear p53 protein and the outcome in rectal carcinoma, with and without short-term preoperative radiotherapy.MATERIAL: Specimens from 163 patients from the Southeast Swedish Health Care region included in the Swedish rectal cancer trial between 1987-1990.METHOD: New sections from the paraffin blocks of the preoperative biopsy and the surgical specimen were examined immunohistochemically using a p53 antibody (PAb 1801).RESULT: Expression of nuclear p53 protein was seen in 41% of the tumours. The p53 negative patients treated with preoperative radiotherapy had a significant reduction of local failure compared with the non-irradiated p53 negative patients (P = 0.0008). In contrast, p53 positive patients showed no benefit from preoperative radiotherapy. The interaction between p53 status and the benefit of radiotherapy was statistically significant (P = 0.018).CONCLUSION: Expression of nuclear p53 protein in rectal carcinoma seems to be a significant predictive factor for local treatment failure after preoperative radiotherapy. Further investigations are necessary to select patients for preoperative treatment based on analysis of the preoperative biopsies.
|
|
| 2. |
- Andersson, Nils-Eric, et al.
(författare)
-
The influence of hot rolling on the variation of through thickness structure of AA7010 thick plates
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Thermo-Mechanical Processing in Theory, Modelling & Practice. - Stockholm : Svenska fören. för materialteknik. - 9163054213 ; , s. 284-289
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The variation of through thickness structure and yield strength of AA7010-T7451 thick plate has been investigated. Grain size at different depths were determined qualitatively by using optical microscopy. Texture measurements were carried out using x-ray technique at the same depths as grain size studies. Tensile property tests have been performed and the EBSP technique has been used to compare the degree of recovered and recrystallized grain structure at different depths. Tensile testing determined through thickness variations in yield. The expected W shape of longitudinal yield strength through thickness was not observed. The yield strength decreases towards the center of the plate. An increasing amount of big recrystallized grains (through the thickness from T/8 towards the center of the plate) appears to be the reason behind the decreasing through thickness yield strength.
|
|
| 3. |
- Andersson, Nils-Eric, et al.
(författare)
-
The influence of hot rolling on the variation of through thickness structure of AA7010 thick plates
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Thermomechanical processing in theory, modelling and practice [TMP]2. - 9163054213 ; , s. 284-289
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The variation of through thickness structure and yield strength of AA7010-T7451 thick plate has been investigated. Grain sizes at different depths were determined qualitatively by using optical microscopy. Texture measurements were carried out using X-ray technique at the same depths as grain size studies and tensile property tests have been performed. EBSP techdque has been used to compare the degree of recovered and recrystallized grain structure at different depths. Tensile testing determined through thickness variations in yield strength. The well known W shape of longitudinal yield strength variation through the thickness was not observed. The influence of texture on the yield strength measured is discussed.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Blank, Vladimir D., et al.
(författare)
-
Electric resistivity and magnetoresistance of some superhard and ultrahard fullerites in the range 300-2K
- 1999
-
Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings vol. 486. - Melville, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 1563969009 ; , s. 416-420
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electric resistivity and magnetoresistance were measured on samples with disordered structure synthesized from pure C60 and C70 at pressures in the range 8 - 12.5 GPa and temperature 900 - 1500 K. Different type of behaviour were observed: semimetallic and semiconducting, depending on the particular short-range order of the structure.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Essen, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Some results on Q(p) spaces, 0
- 1997
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL FUR DIE REINE UND ANGEWANDTE MATHEMATIK. - : WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO. ; 485, s. 173-195
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- For p is an element of (0, 1), let Q(p) be a proper subspace of BMOA defined by means of a modified Garcia norm. We give a boundary value criterion for a function to be in Q(p) and a necessary and sufficient condition in terms of p-Carleson measure for an
|
|
| 11. |
- Evertsson, Sofia, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Apoptosis in relation to proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Dukes' stage in colorectal adenocarcinoma
- 1999
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oncology. - 1019-6439 .- 1791-2423. ; 15:1, s. 53-58
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colorectal cancer is a disease that is associated with default in the balance of apoptotic regulation. In the present study apoptosis was examined in 158 colorectal adenocarcinomas using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. The median apoptotic index (AI) was 0.95% (range 0-6. 68%). Eighty-two tumours exhibited AI 0.95%. We revealed a positive correlation between apoptosis and proliferation determined as the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, p=0.002). The frequency of apoptosis increased from Dukes' stage A, B, C to D (p=0.01). No correlations were found between apoptosis and the patients' sex, age, tumour location, growth pattern, differentiation, prognosis, bcl-2, p53 or K-ras. Our findings suggest that we should further investigate the relationship between apoptosis and cellular proliferative activity in colorectal cancer to evaluate whether this might provide additional information in the selection of patients for effective adjuvant therapy.
|
|
| 12. |
- Feng, Xiao, et al.
(författare)
-
Critical COP for an economically feasible industrial heat-pump application
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Applied Thermal Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-4311. ; 17:1/January 1997, s. 93-101
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, the expression for critical COP is derived for an economically feasible industrial heat-pump application. It is a function of the price ratio between input energy and heating, the price ratio between equipment and energy, and the payback period. Using this critical COP, a preliminary assessment can be made of whether an industrial heat-pump application is worth discussing further. The influences of various economic factors on the critical COP for different types of heat pumps are also discussed.
|
|
| 13. |
- Frey, Sharon, et al.
(författare)
-
Interference of antibody production to hepatitis B surface antigen in a combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B vaccine
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 180:6, s. 2018-2022
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A randomized trial comparing 3 manufacturing consistency lots of a combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B vaccine to each other and to hepatitis A vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine given separately and concurrently was done to evaluate safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity. Healthy volunteers >/=11 years of age were divided into 4 groups. Each of 3 groups received a separate consistency lot of the combination vaccine, and 1 group received separate but concurrent injections of hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccines. Injections were given at weeks 0 and 24. The combination vaccine was generally well tolerated. The hepatitis A portion of the combination vaccine produced clinically acceptable high seropositivity rates 4 and 52 weeks after the first injection. The hepatitis B portion of the vaccine did not produce clinically acceptable seropositivity rates 4 weeks after the second injection. Lack of antibody production may be attributed, at least in part, to immunologic interference.
|
|
| 14. |
- Grbic, Nedelko, et al.
(författare)
-
Performance Improvement of Multiple Array 3D Sonic Digitizer System via Calibration
- 1999
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple array 3D sonic digitizer system is a product made for measuring the geometric structure of an arbitrary object in three dimension. This paper gives a theoretical performance evaluation of the system. The Cramer-Rao Lower Bound of the parameter estimates of a linear segment is derived. In addition, the distortion effect caused by the time-delay bias, including rescaling, rotation and bending of the original object, is clarified. A simple method using a line segment is proposed to calibrate the bias term arised in the different parts of the system. Finally a simulation gives a numerical demonstration of the previous analysis and performance improvement of the suggested method.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
- Huang, X, et al.
(författare)
-
[Auto CPAP Set system for diagnosis and therapy of sleep breathing disorders].
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases. - 1001-0939. ; 21:8, s. 468-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To compare the Auto CPAP Set system with standard polysomnography (PSG) in diagnosis and therapy of sleep breathing disorders. METHOD: Two studies were completed. The Auto CPAP Set system was compared with a simultaneously obtained PSG in eleven patients with sleep breathing disorders. Twenty-three additional patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) were treated by Auto CPAP Set. Student's t test was employed to evaluate statistical significance. RESULT: No differences were found between these two systems in AHI, SaO2 and the longest apnea duration (P > 0.05), and the Auto CPAP Set system had a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity 100% for diagnosis of OSAS. AHI decreased and SaO2 increased significantly in OSAS patients after treatment. CONCLUSION: The Auto CPAP Set system provides an accurate and simple method for diagnosis and therapy of sleep breathing disorders, and the time required for analysis of test results was shorter as compared with PSG.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Jansson, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
-
Ki-67 expression in relation to clinicopathological variables and prognosis in colorectal adenocarcinomas
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 105:9, s. 730-734
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ki-67 is a protein associated with cell proliferation which is expressed in all phases of the cell cycle except Go. In the present study, Ki-67 expression in 255 human colorectal adenocarcinomas was examined using immunohistochemistry with the monoclonal antibody MIB-1. One hundred and fifty-seven (62%) cases had more than 50% positive tumour cells and 98 (38%) cases less than 50%. The tumours showed a wide range of Ki-67 expression, from 13% to 90%, which indicated a variation in proliferative activity. There was no significant relationship between Ki-67 expression and sex, age, tumour location, Dukes' stage, growth pattern, differentiation, DNA content, S-phase fraction or survival (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the proliferative activity as measured by Ki-67 antibody was not related to clinicopathology and prognosis in colorectal cancer.
|
|
| 24. |
- Johansson, Sten, et al.
(författare)
-
The variation of through thickness properties and structure of AA7010 thick plate
- 1997
-
Ingår i: International Conference on Thermomechanical Processing of Steel and Other Materials 1997. - Warrendale, Pa. : TMS, cop.. - 0873393775 ; , s. 941-949
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The variation of through thickness structure and yield strength of AA7010-T7451 100 and 150 mm thick plate was investigated. Grain sizes at different depths were determined by using optical microscopy and EBSP maps. Texture measurements were carried out, using X-ray technique and EBSP, at the same depths as grain size studies and tensile property tests were performed. EBSP technique was used to compare degree of recovered and recrystallized grain structure at different depths. Tensile testing and hardness measurements reveal through thickness variations in yield strength and hardness. Variations in composition through the thickness are also possible. The influence of texture on yield strength was discussed.
|
|
| 25. |
- Kalliomäki, Jarkko, et al.
(författare)
-
Intrathecally applied morphine inhibits nociceptive C fiber input to the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) of the rat
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Pain. - 0304-3959. ; 77:3, s. 323-329
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nociceptive C fiber input to SI in the halothane-nitrous oxide anesthetized rat was assessed by recording cortical field potentials evoked by noxious thermal cutaneous stimulation with CO2-laser pulses. Morphine topically applied onto the lumbar spinal cord produced a dose-dependent inhibition of nociceptive C fiber input from the hind paw to the contralateral SI. The inhibitory effect of morphine was reversed by naloxone. Potentials evoked by CO2-laser stimulation of the forepaw were unaffected by morphine applied on the lumbar cord, indicating that the effect of morphine was exerted at the segmental level. It is concluded that input from nociceptive C fibers to SI is relayed in the spinal cord and can be inhibited by spinal opioid receptor activation. The present method offers an interesting model of ascending nociceptive transmission to the cerebral cortex. Copyright (C) 1998 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
- Sun, Xiao-Feng, et al.
(författare)
-
Heat shock protein 72/73 in relation to cytoplasmic p53 expression and prognosis in colorectal adenocarcinomas
- 1997
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 74:6, s. 600-604
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heat shock proteins (hsp) are molecular chaperones that are increased by various environmental and patho-physiological stimuli. Hsp can bind to mutant/wild-type p53 in tumors and, consequently, could not only regulate p53 accumulation or localization but also modulate its biological effects on cells. However, there is little information available on the significance of hsp expression in colorectal cancer. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship of hsp to p53 expression, clinico-pathological factors and prognosis in a series of 256 patients with colorectal adenocarcinomas, using immuno-histochemistry. Seventy-five cases exhibited hsp expression in the cytoplasm, with 11 presenting both cytoplasmic and nuclear staining. Hsp expression was related positively to cytoplasmic p53 expression but not to nuclear p53 expression. In the subgroup of rectal tumors, hsp over-expression appeared to predict unfavorable survival, though its prognostic value diminished using multivariate analysis. There were no significant relationships of hsp with patient sex or age, tumor site, Duke's stage, growth pattern or differentiation.
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
- Tang, Xiao-Jing
(författare)
-
Bioelectrochemical Applications of Reactions Catalyzed by Immobilized Enzymes
- 1997
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The sensitivity of biosensors can be increased substantially by incorporation in a substrate recycling scheme. Based on the amplification of NAD+/NADH by the recycling reaction catalyzed by glycerol dehydrogenase (GDH) and diaphorase, NAD+/NADH can be determined amperometrically with around 1000 times higher sensitivity than for the substrate sensing mode. The sensitivity of enzyme electrodes were significantly enhanced compared to the enzyme reactor for the same recycling reaction scheme. An enzyme electrode was made from a glassy carbon electrode covered with a gelatin membrane containing entrapped GDH and diaphorase and put into a flow injection analysis system. Acetate is an important carbon source in fermentations. Methods that can be used for automatic process monitoring are particularly attractive. Flow injection determinations of acetate were carried out using immobilized acetate kinase, pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. The acetate was determined by the depletion of NADH which was monitored amperometrically with a graphite electrode modified with a mediator. The application of this method is exemplified by the off-line determination of acetic acids in Escherichia coli cultivation. The results indicate that the enzyme-based flow injection analysis (FIA) is in principle suitable for the determination of acetic in fermentations. Simultaneous detection of multiple signals for common biochemical/electrochemical reaction is a challenging area of research for comparative studies. A biosensor has been developed for the simultaneous monitoring of the electrochemically generated current and the thermal signal produced in association with enzymatic catalysis. The method was based on the amplification of catechol/ benzoquinone by the tyrosinase immobilized on a reticulated vitreous carbon. The thermal signal could benefit in sensitivity from the electrochemical reaction which resulted in catechol/ benzoquinone recycling. The hybrid biosensor provides a useful tool for comparative studies. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is a weak, polybasic aliphatic amine. PEI with a high concentration of amino groups has been widely used in a number of industrial immobilized biosystems. The immobilized diaphorase on reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) was stabilized by the use of PEI coating. The PEI- coated RVC showed good properties compared to an uncoated one, such as long life-time and constant response to a series of injections in a flow injection system.
|
|
| 41. |
- Tang, Xiao-Jing, et al.
(författare)
-
Polyethyleneimine-coated reticulated vitreous carbon electrode with immobilized enzymes as a substrate detector
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta. - 0003-2670. ; 374:2-3, s. 185-190
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polyethyleneimine (PEI) was covalently coupled to carbodiimide-activated reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC). The PEI-coated RVC was activated with glutaraldehyde, and glycerol dehydrogenase and diaphorase were then immobilized. The PEI-coated RVC with immobilized enzymes functioned both as an enzyme reactor and a working electrode in an amperometric detection system where NAD+/NADH was recycled by the immobilized enzymes. The coated RVC electrode showed good properties compared to uncoated RVC, such as a long lifetime and a constant response to a series of injections in a flow-injection system, resulting in a relative standard deviation of 1.4%. The calibration graph was linear from the detection limit 0.1μM to 2mM NADH in the absence of recycling.
|
|
| 42. |
- Tao, Xiao-Jiao, et al.
(författare)
-
Behind Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler : Narrowband Volume Backscattering Signal Model, Analysis and Estimation
- 1999
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report examines the statistical properties of the narrowband Doppler volume backscattering process and discusses its spectral centroid estimation problem. After clarifying the mechanism of both the finite duration Doppler effect and the continuously space-shifted integration process, the first two order time-varying statistics under a more general assumption, i.e. von Mises distribution, of random phase are derived. The generalization permits nonuniform phase tendency, which occurs in layered medium scattering. Based on the locally stationary process model, the evolutionary spectrum of the signal is derived where the variation of the backscattering strength enters as an amplitude modulation. On the contrary, the variation of the random phase distribution acts as both the amplitude modulation and the frequency modulation. The observability and the estimation of the average flow speed are discussed. It is shown that even under the homogeneous condition, the spectral centroid does not coincide with the aver age flow speed. Finally, a semiparametric spectral centroid estimation method, which simply contains an AR(2) model with its time-varying coefficients adapted by a wavelet shrinkage is proposed.
|
|
| 43. |
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
|
|
| 46. |
|
|
| 47. |
- Xiao, Bao-Guo
(författare)
-
Immune regulation within the central nervous system and its role in demyelinating diseases
- 1996
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), are diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by perivascular mononuclear inflammation and oligodendrocyte loss with demyelination. However, it is still not clear whether the pathology in MS and EAE is due to neuroantigen-specific CD4+ T cell-mediated autoimmune responses and/or bystander myelin damage resulting from an inflammatory response. We demonstrate that immunological tolerance to CNS myelin antigens is either absent or incomplete. Levels of autoreactive T cells recognising myelin antigens (such as MBP, PLP, MAG and MOG) are increased in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with MS. The frequency of MOG-reactive T cells was about 16-fold higher in MS CSF than in blood. Anti-MOG IgG antibody and antibody secreting cells were detected in CSF from 7 of 30 (23%) and 8 of 10 (80%) patients with MS, respectively. Although autoreactive T cells initiate the chain of pathogenetic events that leads to the development of inflammatory CNS lesions in MS and EAE, the CNS has specialized cells that execute immunological effector functions. Nitric oxide (NO) might be involved in myelin and oligodendrocyte injury. The CSF from 13/38 (34%) patients with MS stimulated glial cells to produce NO. Overproduction of NO was confirmed in EAE. The major source of NO overproduction was glial cells, but not infiltrating mononuclear cells. The peak of NO production in EAE was observed at day 7 post-immunization (p.i.) and then gradually declined at day 14, 21 and 28 in parallel with clinical improvement. Cytokines are engaged in the communication between Iymphocytes in the immune system and glial cells within the CNS. TGF-beta1 inhibited microglia and astrocyte proliferation and down-regulated the expression of ICAM-1 in microglia. In contrast, IFN-y upregulated ICAM-1 expression, but inhibited proliferative response of glial cells. By combining TGF-beta1 and IFN-y, we show that TGF-beta1-mediated inhibition of proliferation and downregulation of ICAM-1 is prevented by IFN-y To explore the mechanism of TGF-beta1 in inhibiting glial cell reactions, we studied glial cells for susceptibility to apoptosis induced by TGF-beta1. TGF-beta1 selectively induced apoptosis of microglia, but not of astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. To further study the apoptotic mechanism, bcl-2 oncoprotein in microglia astrocytes and oligodendrocytes was measured. Bcl-2 was mainly expressed in microglia. The relative expression of bcl-2 in microglia was not related to frequency of microglial apoptosis, suggesting that TGF-beta1-mediated microglial apoptosis was regulated by a bcl-2-independent mechanism A striking feature of EAE is the loss of infiltrating T cells and macrophages from the CNS during clinical remission. Local tissue factors, particularly tissue cytokines and mediators within the local microenvironment, play a key role in eliminating infiltrating T cells and macrophages. Under natural culture conditions, microglia expressed the immunosuppressive TGF-beta1 and IL-10 to a higher degree than the proinflammatory IL-Ibeta, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-y and TNF-a. High TGF-t31 amd IL- 10 levels could reflect one mechanism for immune privilege within the CNS under physiological conditions. Stimulation of microglia with LPS or IFN-y resulted in shift from anti- to proinflammatory cytokine profiles in microglia. In order to elucidate the basis for oligodendrocyte loss and apoptosis of infiltrating T cells and macrophages within the CNS, expression of cytolysin mRNA in glial cells was examined. The expression of cytolysin mRNA under natural culture conditions was undetectable or very low. IFN-y-mediated upregulation of cytolysin mRNA in oligodendrocytes was markedly more prominent than in microglia and astrocytes, indicating that there may exist a glial cell-dependent cytotoxic pathway within the CNS. Cross talk between glial cells and Iymphoid cells in response to inflammation within the CNS has received increasing attention. We isolated infiltrating mononuclear cells (inMNC) amd Iymph node MNC (InMNC) from Lewis rats with EAE. MBP-induced proliferation and MBP-specific IgG secreting cells were lower in inMNC compared to InMNC, while MBP-reactive IFN-y secreting cells in inMNC were higher. Using an in vitro culture system, astrocytes contribute to the inactivation of MBP-reactive Iymphoid cells through soluble factor(s) pathway. Astrocytes did not induce apoptosis of InMNC. On the other hand, activated T cells can trigger astrocytes to produce IFN-y by cell-cell contact. Taken together, these data suggest that autosensitization of T cells to myelin antigens may be a common trigger for the initiation of autoimmune demyelinating diseases. The brain constitutes an environment that is specifically designed to accommodate, regulate and shape immune responses.
|
|
| 48. |
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
|
|
