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Sökning: WFRF:(Ying Wei) > (2020-2024)

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2.
  • Kumar, Sonal, et al. (författare)
  • A Bi-based artificial interphase to achieve ultra-long cycling life of Al-metal anode in non-aqueous electrolyte
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Energy Storage Materials. - 2405-8297. ; 65
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries (RAB) with Al-metal anode are regarded as cost-effective and environmentally sustainable energy storage systems. However, tapping the high volumetric capacity of the Al-anode has been a challenge because of the spontaneous and irreversible formation of the oxide layer on its surface that renders it electrochemically inactive. Though recently reported AlCl3-based electrolytes overcome this problem by breaking down this oxide layer, their highly corrosive nature hampers commercialization. Here, we investigate a novel approach to protect the Al-anode from severe oxidation by engineering an artificial protective interphase. A unique and less corrosive combination of Al(CF3SO3)3 salt and BiCl3 additive reacts with the Al-anode intrinsically to form an inorganic-rich protective bilayer. This layer is electronically insulating and significantly reduces the charge transfer resistance and surface activation energy at the anode, enabling plating/stripping at extremely low overpotential of <0.1 V that can be sustained for record-long cycling times of >4000 h.
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3.
  • Wang, Anqi, et al. (författare)
  • Characterizing prostate cancer risk through multi-ancestry genome-wide discovery of 187 novel risk variants
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 55:12, s. 2065-2074
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The transferability and clinical value of genetic risk scores (GRSs) across populations remain limited due to an imbalance in genetic studies across ancestrally diverse populations. Here we conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 156,319 prostate cancer cases and 788,443 controls of European, African, Asian and Hispanic men, reflecting a 57% increase in the number of non-European cases over previous prostate cancer genome-wide association studies. We identified 187 novel risk variants for prostate cancer, increasing the total number of risk variants to 451. An externally replicated multi-ancestry GRS was associated with risk that ranged from 1.8 (per standard deviation) in African ancestry men to 2.2 in European ancestry men. The GRS was associated with a greater risk of aggressive versus non-aggressive disease in men of African ancestry (P = 0.03). Our study presents novel prostate cancer susceptibility loci and a GRS with effective risk stratification across ancestry groups.
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4.
  • Wang, Fang, et al. (författare)
  • Emerging contaminants: A One Health perspective
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Innovation. - 2666-6758. ; 5
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Environmental pollution is escalating due to rapid global development that often prioritizes human needs over planetary health. Despite global efforts to mitigate legacy pollutants, the continuous introduction of new substances remains a major threat to both people and the planet. In response, global initiatives are focusing on risk assessment and regulation of emerging contaminants, as demonstrated by the ongoing efforts to establish the UN's Intergovernmental Science-Policy Panel on Chemicals, Waste, and Pollution Prevention. This review identifies the sources and impacts of emerging contaminants on planetary health, emphasizing the importance of adopting a One Health approach. Strategies for monitoring and addressing these pollutants are discussed, underscoring the need for robust and socially equitable environmental policies at both regional and international levels. Urgent actions are needed to transition toward sustainable pollution management practices to safeguard our planet for future generations.
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5.
  • Zhao, Li-Juan, et al. (författare)
  • Lysine demethylase LSD1 delivered via small extracellular vesicles promotes gastric cancer cell stemness
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: EMBO Reports. - : EMBO. - 1469-221X .- 1469-3178. ; 22:8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Several studies have examined the functions of nucleic acids in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). However, much less is known about the protein cargos of sEVs and their functions in recipient cells. This study demonstrates the presence of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), which is the first identified histone demethylase, in the culture medium of gastric cancer cells. We show that sEVs derived from gastric cancer cells and the plasma of patients with gastric cancer harbor LSD1. The shuttling of LSD1-containing sEVs from donor cells to recipient gastric cancer cells promotes cancer cell stemness by positively regulating the expression of Nanog, OCT4, SOX2, and CD44. Additionally, sEV-delivered LSD1 suppresses oxaliplatin response of recipient cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas LSD1-depleted sEVs do not. Taken together, we demonstrate that LSD1-loaded sEVs can promote stemness and chemoresistance to oxaliplatin. These findings suggest that the LSD1 content of sEV could serve as a biomarker to predict oxaliplatin response in gastric cancer patients.
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6.
  • Chen, Chao, et al. (författare)
  • Epigenome-wide gene-age interaction analysis reveals reversed effects of PRODH DNA methylation on survival between young and elderly early-stage NSCLC patients
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Aging. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1945-4589. ; 12:11, s. 10642-10662
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • DNA methylation changes during aging, but it remains unclear whether the effect of DNA methylation on lung cancer survival varies with age. Such an effect could decrease prediction accuracy and treatment efficacy. We performed a methylation-age interaction analysis using 1,230 early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients from five cohorts. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma patients for methylation-age interactions, which were further confirmed in a validation phase. We identified one adenocarcinoma-specific CpG probe, cg14326354PRODH, with effects significantly modified by age (HRinteraction = 0.989; 95% CI: 0.986-0.994; P = 9.18×10-7). The effect of low methylation was reversed for young and elderly patients categorized by the boundary of 95% CI standard (HRyoung = 2.44; 95% CI: 1.26-4.72; P = 8.34×10-3; HRelderly = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.42-0.82; P = 1.67×10-3). Moreover, there was an antagonistic interaction between low cg14326354PRODH methylation and elderly age (HRinteraction = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.11-0.40; P = 2.20×10-6). In summary, low methylation of cg14326354PRODH might benefit survival of elderly lung adenocarcinoma patients, providing new insight to age-specific prediction and potential drug targeting.
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7.
  • Fan, Chia-Wei, et al. (författare)
  • Extended theory of planned behavior in explaining the intention to COVID-19 vaccination uptake among mainland Chinese university students : an online survey study
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2164-5515 .- 2164-554X. ; 17:10, s. 3413-3420
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is one of the most robust models in explaining health-related behavior. In this study, we tested the extended TPB to predict university students’ intentions to uptake COVID-19 vaccination.Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was developed to investigate students’ intention to uptake the COVID-19 vaccine based on the components of the TPB (i.e., attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) and extended components (i.e., knowledge about COVID-19, risk perception of COVID-19, and past influenza vaccination behavior). Non-probability sampling was used to collect data from 3145 students from 43 universities in mainland China in January 2021. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to examine the proposed model. Enrolled students were relatively young (mean age = 20.80 years; SD = 2.09), half of them are female (50.2%), and most of them were studying in undergraduate programs (n = 3026; 96.2%).Results: The results showed that students’ knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine and risk perception of COVID-19 positively influenced their attitude toward the uptake of a COVID-19 vaccine. Also, students’ attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination uptake and their past influenza vaccination uptake behaviors were positively associated with the intention to uptake COVID-19 vaccination. Subjective norm and perceived behavioral control were not significant predictors for the intention to uptake COVID-19 vaccination (R2 = 0.49).Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that the extended TPB appears to be an efficient model with the focus on attitude, knowledge, risk perception, and past influenza vaccination uptake behaviors in explaining students’ intention for COVID-19 vaccination. 
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8.
  • Fan, Chia-Wei, et al. (författare)
  • Rasch Modeling and Differential Item Functioning of the Self-Stigma Scale-Short Version among People with Three Different Psychiatric Disorders
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 19:14
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Self-stigma is prevalent in individuals with psychiatric disorders and can profoundly affect people. A unified assessment with sound psychometric properties is needed for evaluating self-stigma across psychiatric conditions. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Self-Stigma Scale-Short version (SSS-S) using Rasch modeling. Six-hundred and twelve participants with substance use disorders (n = 319), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (n = 100), and schizophrenia (n = 193) completed the SSS-S. Rasch results confirmed the unidimensionality of the nine items of the SSS-S. The four-point Likert scale of the SSS-S reflected monotonical increases along the self-stigma continuum. No ceiling or floor effects were detected. Among the three subdomains of the SSS-S, cognitive items appeared to be the most robustly endorsed, and behavioral items were the least endorsed. Two items in the SSS-S displayed differential item functioning across the three diagnoses. Additionally, SSS-S scores showed weak to moderate correlation with depression, anxiety, and stress scale scores. The SSS-S had overall satisfactory psychometric properties. Healthcare professionals may use this assessment to assess self-stigma in multiple psychiatric groups, and information gained may facilitate improved care.
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9.
  • Ji, Xinyu, et al. (författare)
  • Epigenetic–smoking interaction reveals histologically heterogeneous effects of TRIM27 DNA methylation on overall survival among early-stage NSCLC patients
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Molecular Oncology. - : Wiley. - 1574-7891 .- 1878-0261. ; 14:11, s. 2759-2774
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Tripartite motif containing 27 (TRIM27) is highly expressed in lung cancer, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we profiled DNA methylation of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) tumours from 613 early-stage NSCLC patients and evaluated associations between CpG methylation of TRIM27 and overall survival. Significant CpG probes were confirmed in 617 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The methylation of the CpG probe cg05293407TRIM27 was significantly associated with overall survival in patients with LUSC (HR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.30–2.09, P = 4.52 × 10−5), but not in patients with LUAD (HR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.87–1.33, P = 0.493). As incidence of LUSC is associated with higher smoking intensity compared to LUAD, we investigated whether smoking intensity impacted on the prognostic effect of cg05293407TRIM27 methylation in NSCLC. LUSC patients had a higher average pack-year of smoking (37.49LUAD vs 54.79LUSC, P = 1.03 × 10−19) and included a higher proportion of current smokers than LUAD patients (28.24%LUAD vs 34.09%LUSC, P = 0.037). cg05293407TRIM27 was significantly associated with overall survival only in NSCLC patients with medium–high pack-year of smoking (HR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.26–1.96, P = 5.25 × 10−5). We conclude that cg05293407TRIM27 methylation is a potential predictor of LUSC prognosis, and smoking intensity may impact on its prognostic value across the various types of NSCLC.
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10.
  • Jin, Ying-Hui, et al. (författare)
  • Chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management of COVID-19 : An evidence-based clinical practice guideline (updated version)
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Military Medical Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2054-9369. ; 7:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a rapidly spreading illness, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting more than seventeen million people around the world. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for clinicians caring for patients are needed. In the early stage, we have issued "A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)"; now there are many direct evidences emerged and may change some of previous recommendations and it is ripe for develop an evidence-based guideline. We formed a working group of clinical experts and methodologists. The steering group members proposed 29 questions that are relevant to the management of COVID-19 covering the following areas: chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management. We searched the literature for direct evidence on the management of COVID-19, and assessed its certainty generated recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Recommendations were either strong or weak, or in the form of ungraded consensus-based statement. Finally, we issued 34 statements. Among them, 6 were strong recommendations for, 14 were weak recommendations for, 3 were weak recommendations against and 11 were ungraded consensus-based statement. They covered topics of chemoprophylaxis (including agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) agents), diagnosis (including clinical manifestations, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respiratory tract specimens, IgM and IgG antibody tests, chest computed tomography, chest x-ray, and CT features of asymptomatic infections), treatments (including lopinavir-ritonavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, interferon, remdesivir, combination of antiviral drugs, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, interleukin-6 inhibitors, interleukin-1 inhibitors, glucocorticoid, qingfei paidu decoction, lianhua qingwen granules/capsules, convalescent plasma, lung transplantation, invasive or noninvasive ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)), and discharge management (including discharge criteria and management plan in patients whose RT-PCR retesting shows SARS-CoV-2 positive after discharge). We also created two figures of these recommendations for the implementation purpose. We hope these recommendations can help support healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients.
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11.
  • Kattge, Jens, et al. (författare)
  • TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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12.
  • Li, Boda, et al. (författare)
  • Online Coordination of LNG Tube Trailer Dispatch and Resilience Restoration of Integrated Power-Gas Distribution Systems
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1949-3053 .- 1949-3061. ; 13:3, s. 1938-1951
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Severe winter storms can damage critical components of integrated power-gas distribution systems (IPGS), such as pulling down distribution lines and freezing gas pipelines/sources, causing electricity and gas supply disruptions. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) has a high energy density and can be transported by trailers, hence has great potential in multienergy restoration. This paper studies the application of LNG trailers in the IPGS restoration. The process that the poststorm restoration coordinated with the trailer dispatch and the emergency operation is fully explored. The trailer dispatch is modeled as a finite-state machine; An efficient policy is proposed to dynamically update the real-time dispatch strategy without future knowledge of uncertainties. For the emergency operation of IPGS, storm-induced damages are considered in the modeling. Then, an online framework is proposed to satisfy the need for IPGS restoration with trailers. Compared with the offline method, the proposed framework does not require future information, so is adaptive to environmental uncertainty and easy to implement. Also, the framework solves a dedicated problem involving the observed information in a single period, hence enjoys a high computational efficiency. The simulation results demonstrate the potential of LNG trailers in resilience enhancement and validate the efficiency of the proposed method.
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14.
  • Wan, Lu Ming, et al. (författare)
  • Heparanase Facilitates PMA-Induced Megakaryocytic Differentiation in K562 Cells via Interleukin 6/STAT3 Pathway
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG. - 0340-6245 .- 2567-689X. ; 120:4, s. 647-657
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Heparanase (HPSE) is an endo-beta-D-glucuronidase that cleaves heparan sulfate and hence participates in remodeling of the extracellular matrix, leading to release of cytokines that are immobilized by binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), and consequently activating signaling pathways. This function of HPSE is correlated to its expression level that is normally very low in majority of the tissues. Exceptionally, human platelets express high level of HPSE, suggesting a unique physiological role in this cell. Using K562 cell line, we found a progressive increase of HPSE during the megakaryocytic differentiation. Analysis of a series of megakaryocytic differentiation-related heparin-binding proteins (HBPs) in the cell culture medium revealed an exclusive positive correlation between the level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and HPSE expression. IL-6 modulated megakaryocytic differentiation through activation of STAT3. Further, we demonstrated that overexpression of HPSE potentiates megakaryocytic differentiation, whereas elimination of HPSE led to a delayed differentiation. This function of HPSE is associated with its activity, as overexpression of inactive HPSE had no effect on IL-6 production and megakaryocytic differentiation. The role of HPSE is further supported by the observation in an umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells megakaryocytic differentiation model. Our data propose a novel role for HPSE in platelets production by a HPSE/IL-6/STAT3 positive feedback loop that specifically regulates megakaryocytes maturation.
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15.
  • Xu, An, et al. (författare)
  • Rewired m6A epitranscriptomic networks link mutant p53 to neoplastic transformation
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • N6-methyladenosine (m6A), one of the most prevalent mRNA modifications in eukaryotes, plays a critical role in modulating both biological and pathological processes. However, it is unknown whether mutant p53 neomorphic oncogenic functions exploit dysregulation of m6A epitranscriptomic networks. Here, we investigate Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS)-associated neoplastic transformation driven by mutant p53 in iPSC-derived astrocytes, the cell-of-origin of gliomas. We find that mutant p53 but not wild-type (WT) p53 physically interacts with SVIL to recruit the H3K4me3 methyltransferase MLL1 to activate the expression of m6A reader YTHDF2, culminating in an oncogenic phenotype. Aberrant YTHDF2 upregulation markedly hampers expression of multiple m6A-marked tumor-suppressing transcripts, including CDKN2B and SPOCK2, and induces oncogenic reprogramming. Mutant p53 neoplastic behaviors are significantly impaired by genetic depletion of YTHDF2 or by pharmacological inhibition using MLL1 complex inhibitors. Our study reveals how mutant p53 hijacks epigenetic and epitranscriptomic machinery to initiate gliomagenesis and suggests potential treatment strategies for LFS gliomas.
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16.
  • Yang, Liu, et al. (författare)
  • Prenatal and postnatal early life exposure to greenness and particulate matter of different size fractions in relation to childhood rhinitis : A multi-center study in China
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 938
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The impact of early life exposure to residential greenness on childhood rhinitis and its interaction with particulate matter (PM) of different size fractions remain inconsistent. Herein, we recruited 40,486 preschool children from randomly selected daycare centers in 7 cities in China from 2019 to 2020, and estimated exposure to residential greenness by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) with a 500 m buffer. Exposure to ambient PM (PM1, PM2.5, and PM10) was evaluated using a satellite-based prediction model (daily, at a resolution of 1 km × 1 km). By mixed-effect logistic regression, NDVI values during pregnancy, in the first (0–1 year old) and the second (1–2 years old) year of life were negatively associated with lifetime rhinitis (LR) and current rhinitis (CR) (P < 0.001). PM in the same time windows was associated with increased risks of LR and CR in children, with smaller size fraction of PM showing greater associations. The negative associations between prenatal and postnatal NDVI and LR and CR in preschool children remained robust after adjusting for concomitant exposure to PM, whereas the associations of postnatal NDVI and rhinitis showed significant interactions with PM. At lower levels of PM, postnatal NDVI remained negatively associated with rhinitis and was partly mediated by PM (10.0–40.9 %), while at higher levels of PM, the negative associations disappeared or even turned positive. The cut-off levels of PM were identified for each size fraction of PM. In conclusion, prenatal exposure to greenness had robust impacts in lowering the risk of childhood rhinitis, while postnatal exposure to greenness depended on the co-exposure levels to PM. This study revealed the complex interplay of greenness and PM on rhinitis in children. The exposure time window in prenatal or postnatal period and postnatal concomitant PM levels played important roles in influencing the associations between greenness, PM and rhinitis.
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17.
  • Zhang, Baokun, et al. (författare)
  • Improving nitric oxide reduction reaction through surface doping on superstructures
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Nano Energy. - : Elsevier. - 2211-2855 .- 2211-3282. ; 123
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Electrochemical nitric oxide reduction reaction (NORR) combining the production of NH3 with the removal of atmospheric pollutant NO is regarded as a promising strategy for producing important chemicals and reducing environmental pollution. However, existing NORR electrocatalysts such as Cu(111) have disadvantages of low activity and selectivity. In this work, the Cu2Si/Cu(111) and Cu2Si/Si(111) superstructures are proposed as NORR electrocatalysts with high stability, activity and selectivity. The results indicate that doping p-block element Si on Cu(111) and transition metal Cu on Si(111) changes the surface chemical environment and local physical properties, optimizing NO adsorption energy and successfully getting rid of the energy barriers of 0.15 and 1.56 eV on Cu(111) and Si(111), respectively. It is of great interest to find that the interfacial effect suppresses the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by improving the interlayer charge transfer and modulating Si-3pz orbital, thus ensuring the high NORR selectivity. This theoretical work paves a new way to help design better NORR electrocatalysts for producing renewable fuels from pollutant NO.
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18.
  • Zhang, Huai, et al. (författare)
  • A global survey on the use of the international classification of diseases codes for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Hepatology international. - 1936-0541.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • With the implementation of the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and the publication of the metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) nomenclature in 2020, it is important to establish consensus for the coding of MAFLD in ICD-11. This will inform subsequent revisions of ICD-11.Using the Qualtrics XM and WJX platforms, questionnaires were sent online to MAFLD-ICD-11 coding collaborators, authors of papers, and relevant association members.A total of 890 international experts in various fields from 61 countries responded to the survey. We also achieved full coverage of provincial-level administrative regions in China. 77.1% of respondents agreed that MAFLD should be represented in ICD-11 by updating NAFLD, with no significant regional differences (77.3% in Asia and 76.6% in non-Asia, p=0.819). Over 80% of respondents agreed or somewhat agreed with the need to assign specific codes for progressive stages of MAFLD (i.e. steatohepatitis) (92.2%), MAFLD combined with comorbidities (84.1%), or MAFLD subtypes (i.e., lean, overweight/obese, and diabetic) (86.1%).This global survey by a collaborative panel of clinical, coding, health management and policy experts, indicates agreement that MAFLD should be coded in ICD-11. The data serves as a foundation for corresponding adjustments in the ICD-11 revision.
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19.
  • Zhang, Ruyang, et al. (författare)
  • Independent Validation of Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Prognostic Scores Incorporating Epigenetic and Transcriptional Biomarkers With Gene-Gene Interactions and Main Effects
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Chest. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-3692. ; 158:2, s. 808-819
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: DNA methylation and gene expression are promising biomarkers of various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Besides the main effects of biomarkers, the progression of complex diseases is also influenced by gene-gene (G×G) interactions. Research Question: Would screening the functional capacity of biomarkers on the basis of main effects or interactions, using multiomics data, improve the accuracy of cancer prognosis? Study Design and Methods: Biomarker screening and model validation were used to construct and validate a prognostic prediction model. NSCLC prognosis-associated biomarkers were identified on the basis of either their main effects or interactions with two types of omics data. A prognostic score incorporating epigenetic and transcriptional biomarkers, as well as clinical information, was independently validated. Results: Twenty-six pairs of biomarkers with G×G interactions and two biomarkers with main effects were significantly associated with NSCLC survival. Compared with a model using clinical information only, the accuracy of the epigenetic and transcriptional biomarker-based prognostic model, measured by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), increased by 35.38% (95% CI, 27.09%-42.17%; P = 5.10 × 10–17) and 34.85% (95% CI, 26.33%-41.87%; P = 2.52 × 10–18) for 3- and 5-year survival, respectively, which exhibited a superior predictive ability for NSCLC survival (AUC3 year, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.83-0.93]; and AUC5 year, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.83-0.93]) in an independent Cancer Genome Atlas population. G×G interactions contributed a 65.2% and 91.3% increase in prediction accuracy for 3- and 5-year survival, respectively. Interpretation: The integration of epigenetic and transcriptional biomarkers with main effects and G×G interactions significantly improves the accuracy of prognostic prediction of early-stage NSCLC survival.
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20.
  • Zhang, Ying, et al. (författare)
  • Parallel Software-Based Self-Testing with Bounded Model Checking for Kilo-Core Networks-on-Chip
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Journal of Computer Science and Technology. - : SPRINGER SINGAPORE PTE LTD. - 1000-9000 .- 1860-4749. ; 38:2, s. 405-421
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Online testing is critical to ensuring reliable operations of the next generation of supercomputers based on a kilo-core network-on-chip (NoC) interconnection fabric. We present a parallel software-based self-testing (SBST) solution that makes use of the bounded model checking (BMC) technique to generate test sequences and parallel packets. In this method, the parallel SBST with BMC derives the leading sequence for each routers internal function and detects all functionally- testable faults related to the function. A Monte-Carlo simulation algorithm is then used to search for the approximately optimum configuration of the parallel packets, which guarantees the test quality and minimizes the test cost. Finally, a multi-threading technology is used to ensure that the Monte-Carlo simulation can reach the approximately optimum configuration in a large random space and reduce the generating time of the parallel test. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a high fault coverage with a reduced test overhead. Moreover, by performing online testing in the functional mode with SBST, it effectively avoids the over-testing problem caused by functionally untestable turns in kilo-core NoCs.
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21.
  • Zhou, Qiu-Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Out of chaos : Phylogenomics of Asian Sonerileae
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. - : Elsevier. - 1055-7903 .- 1095-9513. ; 175
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Sonerileae is a diverse Melastomataceae lineage comprising ca. 1000 species in 44 genera, with >70% of genera and species distributed in Asia. Asian Sonerileae are taxonomically intractable with obscure generic circumscriptions. The backbone phylogeny of this group remains poorly resolved, possibly due to complexity caused by rapid species radiation in early and middle Miocene, which hampers further systematic study. Here, we used genome resequencing data to reconstruct the phylogeny of Asian Sonerileae. Three parallel datasets, viz. singlecopy ortholog (SCO), genomic SNPs, and whole plastome, were assembled from genome resequencing data of 205 species for this purpose. Based on these genome-scale data, we provided the first well resolved phylogeny of Asian Sonerileae, with 34 major clades identified and 74% of the interclade relationships consistently resolved by both SCO and genomic data. Meanwhile, widespread phylogenetic discordance was detected among SCO gene trees as well as species trees reconstructed using different tree estimation methods (concatenation/site-based coalescent method/summary method) or different datasets (SCO/genomic/plastome). We explored sources of discordance using multiple approaches and found that the observed discordance in Asian Sonerileae was mainly caused by a combination of biased distribution of missing data, random noise from uninformative genes, incomplete lineage sorting, and hybridization/introgression. Exploration of these sources can enable us to generate hypotheses for future testing, which is the first step towards understanding the evolution of Asian Sonerileae. We also detected high levels of homoplasy for some characters traditionally used in taxonomy, which explains current chaotic generic delimitations. The backbone phylogeny of Asian Sonerileae revealed in this study offers a solid basis for future taxonomic revision at the generic level.
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22.
  • Zhou, Wei, et al. (författare)
  • Mass Spectrometry and Computer Simulation Predict the Interactions of AGPS and HNRNPK in Glioma
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: BioMed Research International. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2314-6133 .- 2314-6141. ; 2021
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Ether lipids are overexpressed in malignant tumor and play an important role in tumor process. Glioma is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor, and the content of ether lipids is higher than that of normal tissues. Alkylglycerone phosphate synthase (AGPS) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of ether esters and plays a vital role in maintaining the morphology and pathogenic properties of tumor cells. The cell proliferation and the content of tumor-related lipid such as monoalkylglycerol ether (MAGe), lysophosphatidic acid ether (LPAe), lysophosphatidylcholine ether (LPCe), lysophosphatidylethanolamine ether (LPEe), phosphatidyl inositol (PI), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylserine (PS) were suppressed after AGPS silencing in U251, H4, and TJ905 cells; however, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (HNRNPK) could reverse the above phenomenon such as cellar proliferation and ether lipid secretion. We found that HNRNPK was the target protein of AGPS by coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry assay and verified by western blot assay in U251 cells. It confirmed that AGPS and HNRNPK are coexpressed in the cellular nucleus by a confocal laser microscope. The main protein-protein interaction mechanism between AGPS and HNRNPK is hydrogen bond, conjugation bond, hydrophobic bond, and electrostatic force by computer simulation prediction.
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23.
  • Bao, Chunxiong, et al. (författare)
  • Bidirectional optical signal transmission between two identical devices using perovskite diodes
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: NATURE ELECTRONICS. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2520-1131. ; 3:3, s. 156-164
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A solution-processed perovskite diode that functions as both optical transmitter and receiver can be used to build a monolithic pulse sensor and a bidirectional optical communication system. The integration of optical signal generation and reception into one device-thus allowing a bidirectional optical signal transmission between two identical devices-is of value in the development of miniaturized and integrated optoelectronic devices. However, conventional solution-processable semiconductors have intrinsic material and design limitations that prevent them from being used to create such devices with a high performance. Here we report an efficient solution-processed perovskite diode that is capable of working in both emission and detection modes. The device can be switched between modes by changing the bias direction, and it exhibits light emission with an external quantum efficiency of over 21% and a light detection limit on a subpicowatt scale. The operation speed for both functions can reach tens of megahertz. Benefiting from the small Stokes shift of perovskites, our diodes exhibit a high specific detectivity (more than 2 x 10(12) Jones) at its peak emission (~804 nm), which allows an optical signal exchange between two identical diodes. To illustrate the potential of the dual-functional diode, we show that it can be used to create a monolithic pulse sensor and a bidirectional optical communication system.
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24.
  • Bell, David, et al. (författare)
  • Organellomic data sets confirm a cryptic consensus on (unrooted) land-plant relationships and provide new insights into bryophyte molecular evolution
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Botany. - : Wiley. - 0002-9122 .- 1537-2197. ; 107:1, s. 91-115
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Premise Phylogenetic trees of bryophytes provide important evolutionary context for land plants. However, published inferences of overall embryophyte relationships vary considerably. We performed phylogenomic analyses of bryophytes and relatives using both mitochondrial and plastid gene sets, and investigated bryophyte plastome evolution. Methods We employed diverse likelihood-based analyses to infer large-scale bryophyte phylogeny for mitochondrial and plastid data sets. We tested for changes in purifying selection in plastid genes of a mycoheterotrophic liverwort (Aneura mirabilis) and a putatively mycoheterotrophic moss (Buxbaumia), and compared 15 bryophyte plastomes for major structural rearrangements. Results Overall land-plant relationships conflict across analyses, generally weakly. However, an underlying (unrooted) four-taxon tree is consistent across most analyses and published studies. Despite gene coverage patchiness, relationships within mosses, liverworts, and hornworts are largely congruent with previous studies, with plastid results generally better supported. Exclusion of RNA edit sites restores cases of unexpected non-monophyly to monophyly for Takakia and two hornwort genera. Relaxed purifying selection affects multiple plastid genes in mycoheterotrophic Aneura but not Buxbaumia. Plastid genome structure is nearly invariant across bryophytes, but the tufA locus, presumed lost in embryophytes, is unexpectedly retained in several mosses. Conclusions A common unrooted tree underlies embryophyte phylogeny, [(liverworts, mosses), (hornworts, vascular plants)]; rooting inconsistency across studies likely reflects substantial distance to algal outgroups. Analyses combining genomic and transcriptomic data may be misled locally for heavily RNA-edited taxa. The Buxbaumia plastome lacks hallmarks of relaxed selection found in mycoheterotrophic Aneura. Autotrophic bryophyte plastomes, including Buxbaumia, hardly vary in overall structure.
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25.
  • Cai, Jing, et al. (författare)
  • Size-segregated particle number and mass concentrations from different emission sources in urban Beijing
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry And Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 20:21, s. 12721-12740
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Although secondary particulate matter is reported to be the main contributor of PM2.5 during haze in Chinese megacities, primary particle emissions also affect particle concentrations. In order to improve estimates of the contribution of primary sources to the particle number and mass concentrations, we performed source apportionment analyses using both chemical fingerprints and particle size distributions measured at the same site in urban Beijing from April to July 2018. Both methods resolved factors related to primary emissions, including vehicular emissions and cooking emissions, which together make up 76% and 24% of total particle number and organic aerosol (OA) mass, respectively. Similar source types, including particles related to vehicular emissions (1.6 +/- 1.1 mu gm(-3); 2.4 +/- 1.8 x 10(3) cm(-3) and 5.5 +/- 2.8 x 10(3) cm(-3) for two traffic-related components), cooking emissions (2.6 +/- 1.9 mu gm(-3) and 5.5 +/- 3.3 x 10(3) cm(-3)) and secondary aerosols (51 +/- 41 mu gm(-3) and 4.2 +/- 3.0 x 10(3) cm(-3)), were resolved by both methods. Converted mass concentrations from particle size distributions components were comparable with those from chemical fingerprints. Size distribution source apportionment separated vehicular emissions into a component with a mode diameter of 20 nm (traffic-ultrafine) and a component with a mode diameter of 100 nm (traffic-fine). Consistent with similar day- and nighttime diesel vehicle PM2.5 emissions estimated for the Beijing area, traffic-fine particles, hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA, traffic-related factor resulting from source apportionment using chemical fingerprints) and black carbon (BC) showed similar diurnal patterns, with higher concentrations during the night and morning than during the afternoon when the boundary layer is higher. Traffic-ultrafine particles showed the highest concentrations during the rush-hour period, suggesting a prominent role of local gasoline vehicle emissions. In the absence of new particle formation, our re-sults show that vehicular-related emissions (14% and 30% for ultrafine and fine particles, respectively) and cooking-activity-related emissions (32 %) dominate the particle number concentration, while secondary particulate matter (over 80 %) governs PM2.5 mass during the non-heating season in Beijing.
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26.
  • Caputo, Mara, et al. (författare)
  • Genetic Ablation of STE20-Type Kinase MST4 Does Not Alleviate Diet-Induced MASLD Susceptibility in Mice
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 25:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its advanced subtype, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), have emerged as the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, yet there is no targeted pharmacotherapy presently available. This study aimed to investigate the possible in vivo function of STE20-type protein kinase MST4, which was earlier implicated in the regulation of hepatocellular lipotoxic milieu in vitro, in the control of the diet-induced impairment of systemic glucose and insulin homeostasis as well as MASLD susceptibility. Whole-body and liver-specific Mst4 knockout mice were generated by crossbreeding conditional Mst4fl/fl mice with mice expressing Cre recombinase under the Sox2 or Alb promoters, respectively. To replicate the environment in high-risk subjects, Mst4-/- mice and their wild-type littermates were fed a high-fat or a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet. Different in vivo tests were conducted in obese mice to describe the whole-body metabolism. MASLD progression in the liver and lipotoxic damage to adipose tissue, kidney, and skeletal muscle were analyzed by histological and immunofluorescence analysis, biochemical assays, and protein and gene expression profiling. In parallel, intracellular fat storage and oxidative stress were assessed in primary mouse hepatocytes, where MST4 was silenced by small interfering RNA. We found that global MST4 depletion had no effect on body weight or composition, locomotor activity, whole-body glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity in obese mice. Furthermore, we observed no alterations in lipotoxic injuries to the liver, adipose, kidney, or skeletal muscle tissue in high-fat diet-fed whole-body Mst4-/- vs. wild-type mice. Liver-specific Mst4-/- mice and wild-type littermates displayed a similar severity of MASLD when subjected to an MCD diet, as evidenced by equal levels of steatosis, inflammation, hepatic stellate cell activation, fibrosis, oxidative/ER stress, and apoptosis in the liver. In contrast, the in vitro silencing of MST4 effectively protected primary mouse hepatocytes against ectopic lipid accumulation and oxidative cell injury triggered by exposure to fatty acids. In summary, these results suggest that the genetic ablation of MST4 in mice does not mitigate the initiation or progression of MASLD and has no effect on systemic glucose or insulin homeostasis in the context of nutritional stress. The functional compensation for the genetic loss of MST4 by yet undefined mechanisms may contribute to the apparent discrepancy between in vivo and in vitro phenotypic consequences of MST4 silencing.
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27.
  • Chang, Ching-Wen, et al. (författare)
  • Problematic smartphone use and two types of problematic use of the internet and self-stigma among people with substance use disorders
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Addictive Behaviours. - : Elsevier. - 0306-4603 .- 1873-6327. ; 147
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Guided by the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model and a self-stigma framework, this study aimed to investigate relationships between cognitive and affective self-stigma and behavioral self-stigma, problematic use of internet (PUI), and problematic smartphone use (PSU) among people with substance use disorders (SUDs). It also examined mediating roles for affective self-stigma in the relationships between cognitive self-stigma and behavioral self-stigma/PUI/PSU.METHODS: Using a cross-sectional design, 530 participants diagnosed with SUDs in Taiwan were recruited from a psychiatric center in Taiwan. Mediation models were investigated using the Hayes' Process Macro Model 4.RESULTS: Mediation analyses indicated that cognitive self-stigma was directly associated with behavioral self-stigma (p < 0.001), but not with either types of PUI or PSU (p-values ranging from 0.41 to 0.76). Affective self-stigma was directly related to behavioral self-stigma (p < 0.001), two types of PUI, and PSU (β = 0.24-0.30; all p < 0.001); cognitive self-stigma was indirectly associated with behavioral self-stigma (β = 0.53; 95  % bootstrapping CI = 0.46, 0.60), two types of PUI, and PSU (β = 0.20-0.25; 95  % bootstrapping CI = 0.08-0.14, 0.31-0.37) via a mediating effect of affective self-stigma.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Findings support the I-PACE model in a self-stigma context. The findings also suggest that addressing affective self-stigma may help prevent or reduce behavioral self-stigma, PUI, and PSU among people with SUDs. Longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate over time relationships between self-stigma and PUI/PSU in people with SUDs.
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28.
  • Chang, Rene Wei-Jung, et al. (författare)
  • Precision Science on Incidence and Progression of Early-Detected Small Breast Invasive Cancers by Mammographic Features
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI. - 2072-6694. ; 12:7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim was to evaluate how the inter-screening interval affected the performance of screening by mammographic appearances. This was a Swedish retrospective screening cohort study with information on screening history and mammography features in two periods (1977-1985 and 1996-2010). The pre-clinical incidence and the mean sojourn time (MST) for small breast cancer allowing for sensitivity by mammographic appearances were estimated. The percentage of interval cancer against background incidence (I/E ratio) was used to assess the performance of mammography screening by different inter-screening intervals. The sensitivity-adjusted MSTs (in years) were heterogeneous with mammographic features, being longer for powdery and crushed stone-like calcifications (4.26, (95% CI, 3.50-5.26)) and stellate masses (3.76, (95% CI, 3.15-4.53)) but shorter for circular masses (2.65, (95% CI, 2.06-3.55)) in 1996-2010. The similar trends, albeit longer MSTs, were also noted in 1977-1985. The I/E ratios for the stellate type were 23% and 32% for biennial and triennial screening, respectively. The corresponding figures were 32% and 43% for the circular type and 21% and 29% for powdery and crushed stone-like calcifications, respectively. Mammography-featured progressions of small invasive breast cancer provides a new insight into personalized quality assurance, surveillance, treatment and therapy of early-detected breast cancer.
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29.
  • Chen, Yu-Pin, et al. (författare)
  • Prognostic factors for 1-year functional outcome, quality of life, care demands, and mortality after surgery in Taiwanese geriatric patients with a hip fracture : a prospective cohort study
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease. - : Sage Publications. - 1759-7218 .- 1759-720X. ; 13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Hip fractures are a major public health concern among elderly individuals. This study aimed to investigate potential perioperative factors that predict 1-year functional outcome, quality of life (QoL), care demands, and mortality in geriatric patients with a hip fracture.Methods: We prospectively enrolled geriatric patients who had undergone hip fracture surgery in one medical center from December 2017 to December 2019. Basic demographic data, handgrip strength, and responses to questionnaires for QoL and activities of daily living (ADL) before the injury were collected at baseline. QoL, ADL, additional care demands other than family support, and mortality events were monitored at 1 year after the operation.Results: Among 281 patients with a hip fracture, 39 (13.9%) died within 1 year of the index operation. The mean follow-up interval for the survivors was 403.3 (range: 358–480) days. Among the 242 survivors, ADL and QoL considerably decreased at approximately 1 year following hip surgery. Up to 33.9% of the participants became severely dependent and needed additional care at 1-year follow up. Prefracture ADL status was the crucial predictor for functional outcome, QoL, and additional care demand at 1-year follow up. Cox regression models indicated that male sex, low preoperative serum creatinine, handgrip strength, long surgical delay after a falling accident, and high Charlson Comorbidity Index were considerably associated with a high 1-year mortality risk in the geriatric hip fracture population.Conclusion: Hip fracture has long-lasting effects (e.g. functional loss, decline in QoL, increased care demands, and high postoperative mortality rate) on the geriatric population. A robust screening method must be developed for identifying potential prognostic factors, and a stratified care approach must be used that accounts for personalized risks to improve functional outcomes and reduce mortality after hip fracture in geriatric patients, especially in Taiwan.
  •  
30.
  • Du, Mingrun, et al. (författare)
  • High pressure and high temperature induced polymerization of C60 solvates : The effect of intercalated aromatic solvents
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 125:31, s. 17155-17163
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The polymerization of three typical aromatic solvent-doped fullerene materials with similar hexagonal closest packed (hcp) structures (mesitylene/C60, m-dichlorobenzene/C60 and m-xylene/C60 solvates) is studied under high pressure and high temperature (HPHT, 1.5 GPa, 573 K and 2 GPa, 700 K, respectively). Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopies reveal that the intercalated aromatic solvents play a crucial role in tailoring the extent of polymerization of C60 molecules. In the solvates, the solvents confine formation of covalent bonds between C60 molecules to the 001 direction and the (001) plane of the hcp lattices, leading to the formation of mixed polymeric phases of monomers, dimers, one-dimensional (1D) chainlike oligomers, and two-dimensional (2D) tetragonal phase polymers under suitable HPHT conditions. The type and number of substituent groups of the aromatic solvents are found to have significant influence, determining the amounts and types of polymeric phases formed. Our studies enrich the understanding of the formation mechanisms for controllably fabricating polymeric fullerenes and facilitate targeted design and synthesis of unique fullerene-based carbon materials.
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31.
  • Fang, Li Tai, et al. (författare)
  • Establishing community reference samples, data and call sets for benchmarking cancer mutation detection using whole-genome sequencing
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Nature Biotechnology. - : Springer Nature. - 1087-0156 .- 1546-1696. ; 39:9, s. 1151-1160
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Tumor-normal paired DNA samples from a breast cancer cell line and a matched lymphoblastoid cell line enable calibration of clinical sequencing pipelines and benchmarking 'tumor-only' or 'matched tumor-normal' analyses. The lack of samples for generating standardized DNA datasets for setting up a sequencing pipeline or benchmarking the performance of different algorithms limits the implementation and uptake of cancer genomics. Here, we describe reference call sets obtained from paired tumor-normal genomic DNA (gDNA) samples derived from a breast cancer cell line-which is highly heterogeneous, with an aneuploid genome, and enriched in somatic alterations-and a matched lymphoblastoid cell line. We partially validated both somatic mutations and germline variants in these call sets via whole-exome sequencing (WES) with different sequencing platforms and targeted sequencing with >2,000-fold coverage, spanning 82% of genomic regions with high confidence. Although the gDNA reference samples are not representative of primary cancer cells from a clinical sample, when setting up a sequencing pipeline, they not only minimize potential biases from technologies, assays and informatics but also provide a unique resource for benchmarking 'tumor-only' or 'matched tumor-normal' analyses.
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32.
  • Fu, Le, et al. (författare)
  • Liquid-phase sintering of ZrO2-based nanocrystalline glass-ceramics achieved by multielement co-doping
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Journal of The American Ceramic Society. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0002-7820 .- 1551-2916. ; 106:4, s. 2702-2715
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Liquid-phase sintering (LPS) is an effective pathway to assist the densification of ceramics. However, it has seldom been used to densify glass-ceramics. In the present study, a multielement co-doping strategy has been utilized to achieve LPS of a ZrO2-SiO2 nanocrystalline glass-ceramic. Compared with undoped samples densified by solid-state sintering, doping of equimolar Al, Y, and Ca promoted the densification of the glass-ceramic at lower temperatures with a faster densification rate. Ternary doping enhanced coarsening of ZrO2 nanocrystallites during sintering and annealing. The distribution of dopants was carefully observed with X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry technique in scanning electron transmission microscopy mode. Results showed that the three dopants showed different distribution behaviors. After sintering, Y dopants were predominately distributed in ZrO2 nanocrystallites, whereas parts of Al and Ca dopants were distributed in ZrO2 nanocrystallites and part of them co-segregated at the ZrO2/SiO2 heterointerfaces. Meanwhile, the segregation of Ca dopant at some intergranular films among ZrO2 nanocrystallites was observed. Redistribution of dopants did not occur during annealing.
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33.
  • Fu, Le, et al. (författare)
  • Structural integrity and damage of glass-ceramics after He ion irradiation : Insights from ZrO2-SiO2 nanocrystalline glass-ceramics
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Journal of the European Ceramic Society. - : Elsevier. - 0955-2219 .- 1873-619X. ; 43:6, s. 2624-2633
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Developing new radiation-resistant materials and understanding the structural damages caused by radiation are persistent goals of material scientists. Here, we report on the structural integrity and damage to ZrO2-SiO2 nanocrystalline glass-ceramics after radiation with 1.4 MeV He ions at three different fluences: 1.0 x 1016 ions/ cm2 (low), 5.0 x 1016 ions/cm2 (moderate), and 1.0 x 1017 ions/cm2 (high) at 500 degrees C. Grazing incident X-ray diffraction shows the tetragonal-ZrO2 to monoclinic-ZrO2 phase transformation induced by microstrain from the irradiation. The addition of yttrium indicated tetragonal-ZrO2 stabilization effect during irradiation. The irra-diated glass-ceramics show a Raman signal-enhancement effect probably related to the electronic structure changes of the amorphous SiO2 component in the glass-ceramics. The formation of microcracks and lattice de-fects within ZrO2 nanocrystallites is the main structural damage caused by irradiation. There was no observable amorphization of ZrO2 nanocrystallites due to irradiation. No obvious He bubbles were detected, either. The formation of microcracks results in a decrease of in the nanohardness of the glass-ceramics. The results provide fundamental experimental data to understand the structural integrity and damage caused by radiation, which could be useful to design radiation-resistant nanocrystalline glass-ceramics for extremely radioactive environments.
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34.
  • Gao, Zhaoju, et al. (författare)
  • Short-chain ligand achieves ultra-stable CsPbX3 perovskite quantum dots for white light-emitting diodes
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 124:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • All-inorganic perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) have aroused great research interest in white light-emitting diodes (WLED) due to their excellent optoelectronic properties, but the poor stability, caused by dynamically binding long-chain capping ligands, hinders their future practical applications. To address this issue, here, we exploit short-chain butyric acid (BA) to replace long-chain oleic acid (OA) as capping ligand of CsPbX3 PeQDs by a hot-injection method. The addition of BA not only makes the morphology of CsPbBr3 PeQDs uniform and improves the crystallinity but also effectively suppresses nonradiative recombination, achieving a near unit photoluminescence quantum yield of 96%. The BA capped CsPbBr3 PeQDs exhibit high stability up to 180 d stored in ambient environment and also significantly improved resistance against polar solvent, ultra-violet lamp irradiation, and heat, which is rationalized by the strong binding capacity and shortened distance of BA to the PeQDs through ab initio calculations. Furthermore, by combining green-emission CsPbBr3 and red-emission CsPbBr0.8I2.2 PeQDs with blue GaN chip, we achieved WLEDs with excellent luminous properties, showing their great potential in practical application of wide-color-gamut display and lighting.
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35.
  • Ge, Xiaodong, et al. (författare)
  • Amelioration of type 2 diabetes by the novel 6, 8-guanidyl luteolin quinone-chromium coordination via biochemical mechanisms and gut microbiota interaction
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH. - : Elsevier. - 2090-1232 .- 2090-1224. ; 46, s. 173-188
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Luteolin is a plant-derived flavonoid that exhibits a broad range of pharmacological activ-ities. Studies on luteolin have mainly focused on its use for hyperlipidaemia prevention, whereas the capacity of the flavonoid to hinder hyperglycaemia development remains underexplored.Objectives: To probe the anti-hyperglycemic mechanism of 6,8-guanidyl luteolin quinone-chromium coordination (GLQ.Cr), and to assess its regulatory effect on intestinal microbiota in type 2 diabetes mel-litus (T2DM) mice.Methods: High-sucrose/high-fat diet-induced and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was used to develop a T2DM model. Glycometabolism related indicators, histopathology, and gut microbiota compo-sition in caecum samples were evaluated, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of liver samples was con-ducted. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was further used to verify the anti-hyperglycemic activity of intestinal microbiota.Results: The administration of GLQ.Cr alleviated hyperglycaemia symptoms by improving liver and pan-creatic functions and modulating gut microbe communities (Lactobacillus, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, Lachnoclostridium, and Desulfovibrio). RNA-seq analysis showed that GLQ.Cr mainly affected the peroxi-some proliferative activated receptor (PPAR) signalling pathway in order to regulate abnormal glucose metabolism. FMT significantly modulated the abundance of Lactobacillus, Alloprevotella, Alistipes, Bacteroides, Ruminiclostridium, Brevundimonas and Pseudomonas in the caecum to balance blood glucose levels and counteract T2DM mice inflammation.Conclusion: GLQ.Cr improved the abnormal glucose metabolism in T2DM mice by regulating the PPAR signalling pathway and modulating intestinal microbial composition. FMT can improve the intestinal microecology of the recipient and in turn ameliorate the symptoms of T2DM-induced hyperglycaemia.
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36.
  • Guo, Ying, et al. (författare)
  • Mapping and Functional Dissection of the Rumpless Trait in Piao Chicken Identifies a Causal Loss of Function Mutation in the Novel Gene Rum
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Molecular biology and evolution. - : Oxford University Press. - 0737-4038 .- 1537-1719. ; 40:12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Rumpless chickens exhibit an abnormality in their tail development. The genetics and biology of this trait has been studied for decades to illustrate a broad variation in both the types of inheritance and the severity in the developmental defects of the tail. In this study, we created a backcross pedigree by intercrossing Piao (rumpless) with Xianju (normal) to investigate the genetic mechanisms and molecular basis of the rumpless trait in Piao chicken. Through genome-wide association and linkage analyses, the candidate region was fine-mapped to 798.5 kb (chromosome 2: 86.9 to 87.7 Mb). Whole-genome sequencing analyses identified a single variant, a 4.2 kb deletion, which was completely associated with the rumpless phenotype. Explorations of the expression data identified a novel causative gene, Rum, that produced a long, intronless transcript across the deletion. The expression of Rum is embryo-specific, and it regulates the expression of MSGN1, a key factor in regulating T-box transcription factors required for mesoderm formation and differentiation. These results provide genetic and molecular experimental evidence for a novel mechanism regulating tail development in chicken and report the likely causal mutation for the tail abnormity in the Piao chicken. The novel regulatory gene, Rum, will, due to its role in fundamental embryo development, be of interest for further explorations of a potential role in tail and skeletal development also in other vertebrates.
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37.
  • Huaizi, He, et al. (författare)
  • Effect of Process Parameter Settings and Thickness on Microstructures of EBM Produced TI-6Al-4V Alloy : [工艺参数设置和厚度对电子束熔融加工Ti-6Al-4V合金微观结构的影响]
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Xiyou jinshu cailiao yu gongcheng. - : Science Press. - 1002-185X. ; 50:2, s. 408-415
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The effect of sample dimensions and process parameters (beam current, scan speed, offset focus and scan length) of electron beam melting (EBM) system on microstructure of the EBM built Ti-6Al-4V alloy was investigated. The microstructure of EBM built Ti-6Al-4V alloy consists of columnar grains of prior β phase. Inside the columnar grain, typical (α+β) structures, namely Widmanstätten α platelets and rod-like β phase formed on the interfaces of the fine α grains, are observed. Grain boundary α layer forms along grain boundary of prior β columnar grain. With the increase of thickness of the test slab, beam energy density and scanning length, the prior β columnar grain grows along the build direction and diameter of which increases. The columnar grain diameter also decreases with the increase in height of the test slab. With increasing the thickness of the test slab and beam energy density, α platelets get coarser. 
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38.
  • Kao, Yu Chien, et al. (författare)
  • Identification of COL1A1/2 Mutations and Fusions With Noncoding RNA Genes in Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation (Nora Lesion)
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Modern Pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc. - : Elsevier BV. - 1530-0285. ; 36:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP) (Nora lesion) is a benign bone surface lesion, which most commonly occurs in the digits of young patients and has a high rate of recurrence. Histologically, it is composed of a mixture of disorganized bone, cartilage, and spindle cells in variable proportions and characterized by amorphous "blue bone" mineralization. Recurrent chromosomal abnormalities, including t(1;17)(q32-42;q21-23) and inv(7)(q21.1-22q31.3-32), have been reported in BPOP. However, the exact genes involved in the rearrangements remain unknown. In this study, we analyzed 8 BPOP cases affecting the fingers, toe, ulna, radius, and fibula of 5 female and 3 male patients, aged 5 to 68 years. RNA sequencing of 5 cases identified genetic fusions between COL1A2 and LINC-PINT in 3 cases and COL1A1::MIR29B2CHG fusion in 1, both validated using fluorescence in situ hybridization and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. The remaining fusion-negative case harbored 3 COL1A1 mutations as revealed by whole-exome sequencing and confirmed using Sanger sequencing. All these genetic alterations were predicted to cause frameshift and/or truncation of COL1A1/2. The chromosomal locations of COL1A2 (7q21.3), LINC-PINT (7q32.3), COL1A1 (17q21.33), and MIR29B2CHG (1q32.2) were consistent with the breakpoints identified in the previous cytogenetic studies. Subsequent screening of 3 BPOPs using fluorescence in situ hybridization identified 1 additional case each with COL1A1 or COL1A2 rearrangement. Our findings are consistent with reported chromosomal abnormalities and implicate the disruption of type I collagen, and perhaps of either noncoding RNA gene as a tumor suppressor, in the tumorigenesis of BPOP. The prevalence and tumorigenic mechanisms of these COL1A1/2 alterations in BPOP require further investigation.
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39.
  • Khoo, Ying Siew, et al. (författare)
  • Techniques for recovery and recycling of ionic liquids: A review
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 922
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Due to beneficial properties like non-flammability, thermal stability, low melting point and low vapor pressure, ionic liquids (ILs) have gained great interest from engineers and researchers in the past decades to replace conventional solvents. The superior characteristics of ILs make them promising for applications in fields as wide-ranging as pharmaceuticals, foods, nanoparticles synthesis, catalysis, electrochemistry and so on. To alleviate the high cost and environmental impact of ILs, various technologies have been reported to recover and purify the used ILs, as well as recycling the ILs. The aim of this article is to overview the state-of-the-art research on the recovery and recycling technologies for ILs including membrane technology, distillation, extraction, aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) and adsorption. In addition, challenges and future perspectives on ILs recovery are discussed. This review is expected to provide valuable insights for developing effective and environmentally friendly recovery methods for ILs.
  •  
40.
  • Lee, Hsin Ying, et al. (författare)
  • Fabrication and Characterization of GaN-Based Fin-Channel Array Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor High-Electron Mobility Transistors with Recessed-Gate and Ga2O3 Gate Insulator Layer
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society. - 2168-6734. ; 9, s. 393-399
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this work, the properties of gallium oxide (Ga2O3) and its excellent interface properties to GaN-based materials are explored as a gate insulator layer for GaN-based metal-oxide-semiconductor high-electron mobility transistors (MOSHEMTs). A novel vapor cooling condensation system was used to deposit the high quality Ga2O3 films with high insulation and low defect suitable for gate insulator layer. The characteristics of the Ga2O3 films were further explored by implementing GaN-based fin-channel array MOSHEMTs with recessed-gates and different channel widths. Compared to planar channel structure, the direct current, high frequency, and flicker noise performances were enhanced in the fin-channel MOSHEMTs with Ga2O3 gate insulator layer. For the GaN-based fin-channel array MOSHEMTs with 300-nm-wide channel, the devices exhibited superior performances of maximum extrinsic transconductance of 194.2 mS/mm, threshold voltage of.1.4 V, extrinsic unit gain cutoff frequency of 6.4 GHz, maximum oscillation frequency of 14.8 GHz, and normalized noise power of 8.45 × 10.15 Hz.1. It was also demonstrated that the associated performances were improved by reducing the width of fin-channel array.
  •  
41.
  • Li, Wei, et al. (författare)
  • Soluble Immune Checkpoints Are Dysregulated in COVID-19 and Heavy Alcohol Users With HIV Infection
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Immune checkpoints (ICPs) consist of paired receptor-ligand molecules that exert inhibitory or stimulatory effects on immune defense, surveillance, regulation, and self-tolerance. ICPs exist in both membrane and soluble forms in vivo and in vitro. Imbalances between inhibitory and stimulatory membrane-bound ICPs (mICPs) in malignant cells and immune cells in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) have been well documented. Blockades of inhibitory mICPs have emerged as an immense breakthrough in cancer therapeutics. However, the origin, structure, production regulation, and biological significance of soluble ICPs (sICPs) in health and disease largely remains elusive. Soluble ICPs can be generated through either alternative mRNA splicing and secretion or protease-mediated shedding from mICPs. Since sICPs are found in the bloodstream, they likely form a circulating immune regulatory system. In fact, there is increasing evidence that sICPs exhibit biological functions including (1) regulation of antibacterial immunity, (2) interaction with their mICP compartments to positively or negatively regulate immune responses, and (3) competition with their mICP compartments for binding to the ICP blocking antibodies, thereby reducing the efficacy of ICP blockade therapies. Here, we summarize current data of sICPs in cancer and infectious diseases. We particularly focus on sICPs in COVID-19 and HIV infection as they are the two ongoing global pandemics and have created the world's most serious public health challenges. A "storm" of sICPs occurs in the peripheral circulation of COVID-19 patients and is associated with the severity of COVID-19. Similarly, sICPs are highly dysregulated in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and some sICPs remain dysregulated in PLHIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART), indicating these sICPs may serve as biomarkers of incomplete immune reconstitution in PLHIV on ART. We reveal that HIV infection in the setting of alcohol misuse exacerbates sICP dysregulation as PLHIV with heavy alcohol consumption have significantly elevated plasma levels of many sICPs. Thus, both stimulatory and inhibitory sICPs are present in the bloodstream of healthy people and their balance can be disrupted under pathophysiological conditions such as cancer, COVID-19, HIV infection, and alcohol misuse. There is an urgent need to study the role of sICPs in immune regulation in health and disease.
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42.
  • Li, Yuchen, et al. (författare)
  • Public awareness, emotional reactions and human mobility in response to the COVID-19 outbreak in China : a population-based ecological study
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Psychological Medicine. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 52:9, s. 1793-1800
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 generated severe emotional reactions, and restricted mobility was a crucial measure to reduce the spread of the virus. This study describes the changes in public emotional reactions and mobility patterns in the Chinese population during the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods: We collected data on public emotional reactions in response to the outbreak through Weibo, the Chinese Twitter, between January 1st and March 31st, 2020. Using anonymized location-tracking information, we analyzed the daily mobility patterns of approximately 90% of Sichuan residents.Results: There were three distinct phases of the emotional and behavioral reactions to the COVID-19 outbreak. The alarm phase (January 19th –26th) was a restriction-free period, characterized by few new daily cases, but enormous public negative emotions (the number of negative comments per Weibo post increased by 246.9 per day, 95%CI: 122.5–371.3), and a substantial increase in self-limiting mobility (from 45.6% to 54.5%, changing by 1.5% per day, 95%CI: 0.7%–2.3%). The epidemic phase (January 27th –February 15th) exhibited rapidly increasing numbers of new daily cases, decreasing expression of negative emotions (a decrease of 27.3 negative comments per post per day, 95%CI: −40.4–−14.2), and a stabilized level of self-limiting mobility. The relief phase (February 16th –March 31st) had a steady decline in new daily cases and decreasing levels of negative emotion and self-limiting mobility.Conclusions: During the COVID-19 outbreak in China, the public’s emotional reaction was strongest before the actual peak of the outbreak and declined thereafter. The change in human mobility patterns occurred before the implementation of restriction orders, suggesting a possible link between emotion and behavior.
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43.
  • Li, Ying, et al. (författare)
  • Reduction Kinetics of Cold-Bonded Briquette Prepared from Return Fines of Sinter with Carbon Monoxide and Coke
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Steel Research International. - : Wiley. - 1611-3683 .- 1869-344X. ; 94:8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The reduction kinetics of cold-bonded briquette prepared from return fines of sinter is studied. The results reveal that cold-bonded briquettes with coke (CBBC) have a higher reduction velocity index (RVI) value than cold-bonded briquettes without coke (CBB). Interfacial chemical reaction controls the early stages of the CBB reduction process at 900 and 950 °C, followed by both interfacial chemical reaction and internal diffusion. At 1000, 1050, and 1100 °C, the early and final stages of the CBB reduction process are controlled by interfacial chemical reaction and internal diffusion, respectively, while both interfacial chemical reaction and internal diffusion control middle stage. The apparent activation energies of the different stages are 46.20, 56.74, 38.24, and 40.74 kJ mol−1, respectively. The gasification of carbon reaction controls the reduction process of CBBC, and the apparent activation energy is 32.42 kJ mol−1. According to the Friedman method, the apparent activation energy of CBB and CBBC is reasonable. Coke promotes the phase transformation in CBBC. Scanning electron microscopy results show that the CBBC sample is more fully reduced than the CBB sample and that it has smoother corners and edges of the iron-bearing phase or the metallic iron phase than the CBB sample.
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44.
  • Lin, Chang, et al. (författare)
  • Features of the flow velocity and pressure gradient of an undular bore on a horizontal bed
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Physics of fluids. - : AIP Publishing. - 1070-6631 .- 1089-7666. ; 32:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Experimental results are presented regarding the free-surface elevations, velocity fields, and horizontal pressure gradients of dambreak-generated undular bores propagating over a horizontal bottom. Ultrasonic wave gauges, high-speed particle image velocimetry, and a flow visualization method are used to investigate the flow fields. Features of the full-depth velocity field and pressure gradient (equal to minus the sum of the local and convective accelerations) in the free stream over the boundary layer are elucidated with respect to the phase of the free-surface elevation and are categorized into four temporal stages. For stage I with rising free-surface elevations, a successive increase in the magnitude of the pressure gradient (with a negative value) corresponds to a favorable pressure gradient in the free stream. Around the zero-up/down-crossing phase of each leading wave evolving in stage II, the pressure gradient has a negative/positive maximum, revealing the maximum favorable/adverse pressure gradient in the free stream. However, the pressure gradient is zero at each crest or trough phase, showing an instantaneous zero pressure gradient. Within stage III characterized by a constant free-surface elevation, the pressure gradient is almost zero. In stage IV with descending free-surface elevations, the pressure gradient first increases from nearly zero to a positive maximum (representing the maximum adverse pressure gradient), then keeps this value for a period of time, and eventually decreases to zero. Subsequently, flow reversal with an increase in thickness over the bottom and free-stream velocity equal to zero takes place.
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45.
  • Lin, Chung-Ying, et al. (författare)
  • Psychometric Evaluation of Three Versions of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Full, Eight-Item, and Three-Item Versions) among Sexual Minority Men in Taiwan
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 19:13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The UCLA Loneliness Scale, with different short versions, is widely used to assess levels of loneliness. However, whether the scale is valid in assessing loneliness among sexual-minority men is unknown. Additionally, it is unclear whether the 8-item and 3-item short versions are comparable to the full 20-item version. The present study compared the validity of the three versions of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (i.e., 20-item, 8-item, and 3-item versions) among gay and bisexual men in Taiwan. The participants comprised 400 gay and bisexual men in Taiwan who completed a cross-sectional online survey, which included the UCLA Loneliness Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate factorial validity. Convergent validity was examined between the three versions of the UCLA Loneliness Scale and the CES-D and STAI. Known-group validity was investigated with participants’ sexual orientation and educational levels. The unidimensional construct was supported in all three versions of the UCLA Loneliness Scale tested in the present study. Convergent validity was supported as the level of loneliness was correlated with the level of depression and anxiety for all three versions. There were no significant differences between gay and bisexual men, although significant differences were found across different educational levels. The study confirmed that all three versions of the UCLA Loneliness Scale were comparable with satisfactory reliability and validity in Taiwanese sexual-minority men.
  •  
46.
  • Liu, Chieh-Hsiu, et al. (författare)
  • Burdens on caregivers of patients with stroke during a pandemic : relationships with support satisfaction, psychological distress, and fear of COVID-19
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2318. ; 22:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Caregivers have faced unprecedented circumstances throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, but previous research only minimally addresses the caregivers' burden. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between caregiver burden, psychological stress, satisfaction with support, and fear of COVID-19 in caregivers of patients with stroke during the pandemic.Methods: A cross-sectional survey study with total of 171 caregivers of patients with stroke in a community hospital in Taiwan. All participants completed the Zarit Burden Interview, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21), satisfaction of support survey, and Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Pearson correlations were used to examine the bivariate correlations between study variables. Then, with the control of demographic confounders, a multiple linear regression model was applied with significant variables to construct and explain caregiver burden.Results: The proposed model significantly explained the caregiver burden of caregivers of patients with stroke. Specifically, the caregiver burden was negatively correlated with satisfaction with family support, but positively with psychological distress and the fear of COVID-19.Conclusions: Caregivers of patients with stroke will suffer a greater burden if they have lower satisfaction with family support, experienced higher psychological distress, and perceived more fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. Health professionals must address these concerns, support caregivers, and enhance available resources. 
  •  
47.
  • Liu, Yong-feng, et al. (författare)
  • Sulfur quantum dot as a fluorescent nanoprobe for Fe3+ ions : Uncovering of detection mechanism, high sensitivity, and large detection range
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Journal of Luminescence. - : Elsevier. - 0022-2313 .- 1872-7883. ; 257
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Sulfur quantum dots (SQDs), as a novel metal-free fluorescent material, are getting increasingly tremendous attention in metal ion detection, especially for Fe3+, due to the merits of antimicrobial potential, low toxicity, and exciting optoelectronic properties. However, sensing mechanism of SQD based fluorescent probe for Fe3+ is not clear yet, and high sensitivity and large detection range remain a challenge. Here, we report the synthesis of hydrophilic SQDs as a fluorescent nanoprobe for Fe3+ via a fluorescent turn-off mode. We systematically studied the quenching mechanism by ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra, steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescent spectra, and temperature-dependent quenching constants. Results unclearly evidenced the quenching behavior to both inner filter effect and static quenching. Furthermore, the nanoprobe presents a large detection range from 2.5 to 700 μM and a limit of detection low to 53.6 nM, both of which are the record performance to our knowledge. At last, it shows high selectivity toward Fe3+ and presents no ionic strength effect in the range of investigation, which enables surprising results for Fe3+ detection in deionized water with interference ion and real water samples.
  •  
48.
  • Lo Faro, Valeria, Postdoc, et al. (författare)
  • Novel ancestry-specific primary open-angle glaucoma loci and shared biology with vascular mechanisms and cell proliferation
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Cell Reports Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 2666-3791. ; 5:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Primary open -angle glaucoma (POAG), a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, shows disparity in prevalence and manifestations across ancestries. We perform meta -analysis across 15 biobanks (of the Global Biobank Meta -analysis Initiative) (n = 1,487,441: cases = 26,848) and merge with previous multiancestry studies, with the combined dataset representing the largest and most diverse POAG study to date (n = 1,478,037: cases = 46,325) and identify 17 novel significant loci, 5 of which were ancestry specific. Gene -enrichment and transcriptome-wide association analyses implicate vascular and cancer genes, a fifth of which are primary ciliary related. We perform an extensive statistical analysis of SIX6 and CDKN2B-AS1 loci in human GTEx data and across large electronic health records showing interaction between SIX6 gene and causal variants in the chr9p21.3 locus, with expression effect on CDKN2A/B. Our results suggest that some POAG risk variants may be ancestry specific, sex specific, or both, and support the contribution of genes involved in programmed cell death in POAG pathogenesis.
  •  
49.
  • Mancina, Rosellina Margherita, et al. (författare)
  • PSD3 downregulation confers protection against fatty liver disease.
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Nature metabolism. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2522-5812. ; 4:1, s. 60-75
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a growing health issue with burdening unmet clinical needs. FLD has a genetic component but, despite the common variants already identified, there is still a missing heritability component. Using a candidate gene approach, we identify a locus (rs71519934) at the Pleckstrin and Sec7 domain-containing 3 (PSD3) gene resulting in a leucine to threonine substitution at position 186 of the protein (L186T) that reduces susceptibility to the entire spectrum of FLD in individuals at risk. PSD3 downregulation by short interfering RNA reduces intracellular lipid content in primary human hepatocytes cultured in two and three dimensions, and in human and rodent hepatoma cells. Consistent with this, Psd3 downregulation by antisense oligonucleotides in vivo protects against FLD in mice fed a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-inducing diet. Thus, translating these results to humans, PSD3 downregulation might be a future therapeutic option for treating FLD.
  •  
50.
  • Meng, Ying, et al. (författare)
  • Hydropower Production Benefits More From 1.5 °C than 2 °C Climate Scenario
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Water resources research. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 0043-1397 .- 1944-7973. ; 56:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Hydropower plays an important role as renewable and clean energy in the world's overall energy supply. Electricity generation from hydropower represented approximately 16.6% of the world's total electricity and 70% of all renewable electricity in 2015. Determining the different effects of 1.5 and 2 °C of global warming has become a hot spot in water resources research. However, there are still few studies on the impacts of different global warming levels on gross hydropower potential. This study used a coupled hydrological and techno-economic model framework to assess hydropower production under global warming levels of 1.5 and 2 °C, while also considering gross hydropower potential, power consumption, and economic factors. The results show that both global warming levels will have a positive impact on the hydropower production of a tropical island (Sumatra) relative to the historical period; however, the ratio of hydropower production versus power demand provided by 1.5 °C of global warming is 40% higher than that provided by 2 °C of global warming under RCP6.0. The power generation by hydropower plants shows incongruous changing trends with hydropower potential under the same global warming levels. This inconformity occurs because the optimal sites for hydropower plants were chosen by considering not only hydropower potential but also economic factors. In addition, the reduction in CO2 emissions under global warming of 1.5 °C (39.06 × 106 t) is greater than that under global warming of 2 °C (10.20 × 106 t), which reveals that global warming decreases the benefits necessary to relieve global warming levels. However, the hydropower generation and the reduction in CO2 emissions will be far less than the energy demand when protected areas are excluded as potential sites for hydropower plants, with a sharp decrease of 40–80%. Thus, government policy-makers should consider the trade-off between hydropower generation and forest coverage area in nationally determined contributions. © 2020 The Authors.
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