| 1. |
- Chen, Dongmei, et al.
(författare)
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Phylogeography of Quercus variabilis Based on Chloroplast DNA Sequence in East Asia : Multiple Glacial Refugia and Mainland-Migrated Island Populations
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - San Francisco, CA, USA : Public Library Science. - 1932-6203. ; 7:10, s. e47268-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The biogeographical relationships between far-separated populations, in particular, those in the mainland and islands, remain unclear for widespread species in eastern Asia where the current distribution of plants was greatly influenced by the Quaternary climate. Deciduous Oriental oak (Quercus variabilis) is one of the most widely distributed species in eastern Asia. In this study, leaf material of 528 Q. variabilis trees from 50 populations across the whole distribution (Mainland China, Korea Peninsular as well as Japan, Zhoushan and Taiwan Islands) was collected, and three cpDNA intergenic spacer fragments were sequenced using universal primers. A total of 26 haplotypes were detected, and it showed a weak phylogeographical structure in eastern Asia populations at species level, however, in the central-eastern region of Mainland China, the populations had more haplotypes than those in other regions, with a significant phylogeographical structure (N-ST = 0.751 > G(ST) = 0.690, P < 0.05). Q. variabilis displayed high interpopulation and low intrapopulation genetic diversity across the distribution range. Both unimodal mismatch distribution and significant negative Fu's F-S indicated a demographic expansion of Q. variabilis populations in East Asia. A fossil calibrated phylogenetic tree showed a rapid speciation during Pleistocene, with a population augment occurred in Middle Pleistocene. Both diversity patterns and ecological niche modelling indicated there could be multiple glacial refugia and possible bottleneck or founder effects occurred in the southern Japan. We dated major spatial expansion of Q. variabilis population in eastern Asia to the last glacial cycle(s), a period with sea-level fluctuations and land bridges in East China Sea as possible dispersal corridors. This study showed that geographical heterogeneity combined with climate and sea-level changes have shaped the genetic structure of this wide-ranging tree species in East Asia.
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| 2. |
- Chen, Lujun, et al.
(författare)
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Immunochemical Staining of MT2-MMP Correlates Positively to Angiogenesis of Human Esophageal Cancer
- 2010
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - 1791-7530. ; 30:10, s. 4363-4368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in the pathological processes of degradation of extracellular matrix and destruction of basement membrane, which leads to tumor invasion and metastasis. In the present study, we investigated membrane-type 2 MMP (MT2-MMP) expression pattern in esophageal cancer tissues collected from 103 patients, and explored MT2-MMP expression pattern in correlation to patients' clinicopathological features, intratumoral angiogenesis and postoperative prognoses. The intensity of immunochemical staining of MT2-MMP was significantly positively correlated to the intratumoral angiogenesis of esophageal cancer tissues. Positive MT2-MMP immunoreactions were found in 85.4% of total tumor sections, whereas none or very weak MT2-MMP staining occurred in normal esophageal tissues. In addition, MT2-MMP immunochemical intensities were significantly correlated to tumor size, but not to patient's gender, age, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. Moreover, MT2-MMP levels could not be applied for predicting patients' survival rate although the H-score cut-off value showed the overall survival rate of patients with low MT2-MMP protein level to be better than those with high MT2-MMP protein level.
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| 3. |
- Di, Dongmei, et al.
(författare)
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ABCA1 upregulating apolipoproein M expression mediates via the RXR/LXR pathway in HepG2 cells
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2104 .- 0006-291X. ; 421:1, s. 152-156
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously reported that liver X receptor (LXR) agonist, TO901317, could significantly inhibit hepatic apolipoprotein M (apoM) expression. It has been reported that TO901317 could activate the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) that mediates cholesterol efflux to the lipid-poor apoA1, which is an essential step for the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) formation. It is unknown if ABCA1 may regulate hepatic apoM expression. In the present study, HepG2 cells were cultured with the synthetic LXR agonists, TO901317 or GW3965 in the presence or absence of ABCA1 antagonist, disodium 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate (DIDS). The mRNA levels of ABCA1, apoM and liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1) determined by the real-time RT-PCR. It demonstrated that both TO901317 and GW3965 could significantly enhance ABCA1 expression, and simultaneously, inhibit LRH1 expression. However, TO901317 alone could significantly inhibit apoM expression, while GW3965 alone did not influence apoM expression. ABCA1 antagonist, DIDS, have no effects on GW3965 induced upregulation of ABCA1 and downregulation of LRH1. However, apoM mRNA level was significantly decreased when the cells cultured with GW3965 together with DIDS. The present study demonstrated that apoM expression could be elevated by ABCA1 via the RXR/LXR pathway and LRH1 does not involve in the regulation of apoM by the activation of ABCA1, although the direct regulative pathway(s) between ABCA1 and apoM gene is still unknown yet. The detailed mechanism needs further investigation. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- You, Fengzhi, et al.
(författare)
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Maternal mortality in Henan Province, China: changes between 1996 and 2009.
- 2012
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Maternal deaths occur mostly in developing countries and the majority of them are preventable. This study analyzes changes in maternal mortality and related causes in Henan Province, China, between 1996 and 2009, in an attempt to provide a reliable basis for introducing effective interventions to reduce the maternal mortality ratio (MMR), part of the fifth Millennium Development Goal. Methods and Findings: This population-based maternal mortality survey in Henan Province was carried out from 1996 to 2009. Basic information was obtained from the health care network for women and children and the vital statistics system, from specially trained monitoring personnel in 25 selected monitoring sites and by household survey in each case of maternal death. This data was subsequently reported to the Henan Provincial Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital. The total MMR in Henan Province declined by 78.4%, from 80.1 per 100 000 live births in 1996 to 17.3 per 100 000 live births in 2009. The decline was more pronounced in rural than in urban areas. The most common causes of maternal death during this period were obstetric hemorrhage (43.8%), pregnancy-induced hypertension (15.8%), amniotic fluid embolism (13.9%) and heart disease (8.0%). The MMR was higher in rural areas with lower income, less education and poorer health care. Conclusion: There was a remarkable decrease in the MMR in Henan Province between 1996 and 2009 mainly in the rural areas and MMR due to direct obstetric causes such as obstetric hemorrhage. This study indicates that improving the health care network for women, training of obstetric staff at basic-level units, promoting maternal education, and increasing household income are important interventional strategies to reduce the MMR further.
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| 5. |
- Zhao, Dongmei, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Emissions of Mercury and Cadmium when Co-Firing Municipal Sewage Sludge and/or Waste Pellets with Biomass in a CFB Boiler
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) are the two most toxic heavy metals listed among trace elements. Emission limit values for these exist when burning waste in European Union (EU)countries. These emission limits are also valid for the case of co-combustion of waste fractions with a clean biomass as wood chips originating from stem wood. This has been studied in the 12MWth boiler located at Chalmers University of Technology by means of co-combustion of municipal sewage sludge and/or sorted, crushed and pre-dried waste pellets from IcoPower in the Netherlands. As base fuel a clean biomass was used consisting of only stem wood in the form of wood chips. Emissions of Hg and Cd were measured in the stack. An evaluation was also made of the importance of a highly efficient textile bag filter for the prevention of these emissions. Due to higher concentrations of Hg and Cd in the waste fuel streams, higher loading of Hg and Cd into the boiler was attained. The distribution of Hg and Cd into the outgoing flue-gas and fly ash streams was also determined.
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| 6. |
- Zhao, Dongmei, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Study of Bed Material Agglomeration in A Horizontal Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Burning Rice Husk
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21:st International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During combustion of potassium containing biomass, there is a risk for bed material agglomeration when using circulating fluidized bed boilers (CFB). Tsinghua University has developed a new type of CFB Boiler, a so called horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler (HCFBB). Instead of having one high combustion chamber, it consists of three combustion chambers with low height but placed in parallel horizontally. The alkali related bed material agglomeration was studied in one of such boilers in Xiamen, China, burning rice husk. Ash samples from the bottom of the bed, from the bottom of the join part of the secondary and burnout chamber and from the cyclone have been taken and they have been studied by SEM-EDX analysis. The results show some interesting correlation among potassium, aluminum, phosphorus. The collection of deposit on heat exchange tubes in the convection section of the boiler was attempted using a deposit probe situated in the flue gas channel during combustion, however no deposit was formed.
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| 7. |
- Zhu, Chunhua, et al.
(författare)
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TO901317 regulating apolipoprotein M expression mediates via the farnesoid X receptor pathway in Caco-2 cells
- 2011
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Ingår i: Lipids in Health and Disease. - 1476-511X. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Apolipoprotein M (apoM) may have potential antiatherosclerotic properties. It has been reported that apoM expression could be regulated by many intracellar and extracellar factors. In the present study we further investigated regulation of apoM expression in Caco-2 cells stimulated by a liver X receptor (LXR) agonist, TO901317. Materials and methods: Caco-2 cells were cultured in the presence of either TO901317, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonist guggulsterone or TO901317 together with guggulsterone at different concentrations for 24 hrs. The mRNA levels of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), apoA1, apoM, liver receptor homologue-1 (LRH-1) and short heterodimer partner 1 (SHP1) were determined by real-time RT-PCR. Results: When Caco-2 cell cultured with TO901317 alone, the mRNA levels of ABCA1, apoA1, apoM, LRH-1 and SHP1 were significantly increased with dose-dependent manners (p < 0.05), whereas when the cells cultured with guggulsterone alone, the mRNA levels of apoM, SHP1 and LRH-1 (p < 0.05) were strongly inhibited. Moreover, guggulsterone could abolish the TO901317 enhanced mRNA levels of apoA1 apoM, SHP1 and LRH-1. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that LXR agonist TO901317 induced apoM expression in Caco-2 cells might be mediated via the LXR/FXR pathway.
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| 8. |
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