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| 2. |
- Krange, Olve, et al.
(författare)
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Law Abiding Citizens : On Popular Support for the Illegal Killing of Wolves
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature and Culture. - : Berghahn Books. - 1558-6073 .- 1558-5468. ; 17:2, s. 191-214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conflicts over wolf management are a stable feature of Norwegian public debate. In some segments of the population, nature management, and especially predator management, have a very low legitimacy. A strong expression of these controversies is the illegal killing of wolves, a practice sufficiently extensive to impact wolf population size. In several studies, the killing of wolves is interpreted as politically motivated resistance/crime of dissent. This study contributes to the research field by examining the support for such illegal actions. We ask if the Norwegian public find such illegal ac-tions to be acceptable or not. Analysis shows that acceptance joins a broader pattern of controversies, expressed by phenomena such as xenophobia, cli-mate change denial, anti-elitism, and low confidence in institutions working to nature.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Redmalm, David, Docent, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Lockdown Fauna : The Beastly Topology of the COVID-19 Pandemic
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A few months into the COVID-19 pandemic, photos and news articles began circulating in social media about animals making unexpected appearances in urban areas. Photos were published in news media of dolphins in the canals of Venice, a record number of flamingos in Mumbai, wild boards in Barcelona, and undaunted urban foxes in central London. While some of these stories were proven to be false, such as the Venice dolphins, other stories turned out to be misleading. The animals who allegedly showed up in, returned to or overcrowded certain areas were in fact there all along, but had not gained wider attention until now. Although several of these stories are lacking in credibility, they can be seen as indications of humans’ understanding of themselves and their relations to nature and other animals. As such, they differ from typical romanticizations of a pristine nature untouched by human hand, as the depicted sceneries are human-built environments. Rather than a dream of a pure nature in a distant past, but a future in which humans picture their own downfall. We suggest that lockdown fauna imageries express a happy misanthropy and an optimistic apocalypticism that capture human self-understanding in a society characterized by pandemic and environmental crises.
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| 5. |
- Redmalm, David, Docent, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Our Lives Without Us : Urban Animals in News Reports and Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A few months into the COVID-19 pandemic, photos and reports of animals making unexpected appearances in urban areas began to appear in social media and news outlets. These images and stories—from which humans were largely absent—included dolphins in the canals of Venice, a record number of flamingos in Mumbai, drunken elephants in the Yunnan province in China, wild boards in Barcelona, and undaunted urban foxes in central London. In the Nordic countries, the boundary between the urban and the rural was blurred by sightings of wild animals in city centers, challenging the myth of a wild Nordic nature, untouched by human hand. Many of the stories were proven to be either false or misleading, such as the Venice dolphins and the drunken elephants. The animals who allegedly showed up in, returned to, or overcrowded certain areas were in fact there all along, but had not gained attention until now. Although several of the stories are lacking in credibility, they can be seen as indications of humans’ understanding of themselves and their relations to nature and other animals. As such, they differ from typical romanticizations of a pristine nature untouched by human hand, as the depicted sceneries are human-built environments. Rather than a dream of a pure nature in a distant past, the images and reports imagine a future without humans. We suggest that lockdown fauna imageries express a happy misanthropy and an optimistic apocalypticism that capture human self-understanding in a society characterized by pandemic and environmental crises. However, these seemingly misanthropic imaginaries also contain fantasies of a future where humans coexist peacefully with other animals, and where the discomforts and inequalities of urban life have been eradicated.
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| 6. |
- Skogen, Ketil, et al.
(författare)
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Hunters who will not report illegal wolf killing : Self-policing or resistance with political overtones?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 51, s. 743-753
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Illegal killing of wildlife is challenging conservation efforts worldwide. Ecological research has shown that illegal killing is severely affecting the transboundary Swedish-Norwegian wolf population. A previous study indicated that unwillingness to report illegal killing of wolves among Swedish hunters contains an element of protest against perceived unjust treatment of hunting and hunters but that it could also simply be a reflection of ineffective law enforcement in the backcountry, driving hunters to effect forms of self-policing. Based on a survey of Norwegian hunters, the present research goes one step further. One in five hunters decline to report illegal wolf killings, and unwillingness to report is predicted by lack of trust in environmental institutions and a general anti-elite sentiment. Hunting-related issues and other factors also affect outcomes, but to a lesser degree. We conclude that unwillingness to report is often part of an oppositional stance related not only to wildlife management and conservation, but to contemporary social change in rural areas and perceived societal power relations. It is unlikely that reluctance to report is driven by frustration over inefficient official enforcement. While a political dimension is not always articulated, overlooking it may stoke conflicts and fortify a perception of unjust power relations.
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| 7. |
- Tickle, Lara, et al.
(författare)
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Expanding arenas for learning hunting ethics, their grammars and dilemmas : An examination of young hunters' enculturation into modern hunting
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sociologia Ruralis. - : Wiley. - 0038-0199 .- 1467-9523. ; 62:3, s. 632-650
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although hunting is declining in western countries, the number of people taking the hunting exam in Sweden are stable, and new demographic groups are becoming hunters. Through interviews done in Sweden with both new and experienced hunters, as well as focus groups with young hunters at agricultural colleges, we investigate how they navigate praxis and ethical frameworks taught in hunting. Using theories on moral learning, as well as Walzer's thick and thin moral argument, we contrast the views of these young hunters with the ethical principles outlined in the educational literature for the hunting exam. We then present how young hunters reasoned around issues regarding hunting ethics, animal welfare and the place of hunting in modern society, both inside and outside the classroom. The young hunters we spoke to acted as moderators of modern trends in hunting, often bringing 'destabilising' influences like social media and female hunters. Young hunters are enculturated into traditional hunting structures and, in the process, caught in a dialectic between modern influences and traditional hunting culture. Our findings highlight challenges such as 'false consensus' and 'ethical trade-offs' in the learning of hunting ethics, which emerge potentially due to a lack of space for deliberation on hunting ethics.
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| 8. |
- von Essen, Erica
(författare)
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Culling me softly : relocating, rehabing and communicating with problem wildlife
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sharing Landscapes. - Wageningen.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- What happens to wild animals that are at the wrong place at the wrong time? Whom do you call when a moose wanders into someone’s garden, a city swan shows increasing aggression to passers-by, and a family of feral rabbits have taken up residence in a children’s daycare center? The project “License to Cull: Rural and urban geographies of wild animal culling” investigates the vernacular experiences of municipal hunters, pest controllers and professional cullers at estates whose job it is to dispatch of unwanted wildlife species, populations and individuals. The talk, synthesizing the project findings, presents the following themes: 1) Cull: wildlife whose categorical or situational predicaments render them ‘killable’; 2) Communicate: wildlife with whom one attempts non-lethal management, including using cues, repellents, and deterrents in the landscape to communicate to them to ‘stay in their lane’; 3) Animal labour, to which we include the increasingly inventive ways in which animals as used against other animals in ‘Judas’ capacities, as biosensors of invasive species, as predators of unwanted wildlife and as protectors warding off dangerous wildlife, and finally 4) Wildlife rescue, a tendency for out-of-place, injured, abandoned or problematic wildlife to be rescued and rehabilitated. The talk concludes by engaging in discussions about the ethics of removing these animals seen from the perspective of cullers and wildlife rescuers. Within this, I draw attention to the current societal values around for example biosecurity and aesthetics that motivate the removal of certain wildlife in the first place. My talk is intended to stimulate further discussion on urban wildlife management, pest control, the trend to broadcast in social media happy wildlife sanctuary stories, and animal labor.
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| 9. |
- von Essen, Erica, et al.
(författare)
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Skill or Slaughter in ‘Fair Chase' : Animal Resistance to Modern Sports Hunting
- 2022
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Ingår i: Between the species. - 1945-8487. ; 25:1, s. 92-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In philosophy of sport, the internal justification for sports hunting is often that the chase empowers hunters to become skilled performers. However, this internal justification for sport hunting is challenged by two factors. One is the growing awareness that the hunted nonhuman animals themselves are skilled performers, demonstrating agency is resisting their hunters. Another is that recent developments in hunting practice undermine the internal justification by reducing the necessity for hunters to refine their performance skills, in effect allowing them to rely on technology and shortcuts in place of sportsmanship. Both factors reveal important justificatory deficits in modern sports hunting as closer to slaughter than skill.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- von Essen, Erica
(författare)
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Wildlife in the time of biosecurity crises: : the case of the ‘war on boars’ in Europe
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this talk, Erica von Essen draws on a biopolitical framework to consider the sorts of societal responses that have been mobilized for wild boar across European countries. A ‘native invader’, an animal non grata, and a vector for multiple pathogens and threat to industrial food production, the wild boar now finds itself in a war. von Essen shows what this generalized emergency modality following infectious wildlife disease prevention means for human-wildlife relations. Within this, she uses the concept of veterinarization to describe the rationale and practices that increasingly infuse wildlife management to protect biosecurity.
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