| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Xu, Huan, et al.
(författare)
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Conformational Footprint in Hydrolysis-Induced Nanofibrillation and Crystallization of Poly(lactic acid)
- 2016
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Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 17:3, s. 985-995
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The origin of hydrolysis-induced nanofibrillation and crystallization, at the molecular level, was revealed by mapping the conformational ordering during long-term hydrolytic degradation of initially amorphous poly(lactic acid) (PLA), a representative model for degradable aliphatic polyesters generally displaying strong interplay between crystallization and hydrolytic erosion. The conformational regularization of chain segments was essentially the main driving force for the morphological evolution of PLA during hydrolytic degradation. For hydrolysis at 37 degrees C, no significant structural variations were observed due to the immobilization of frozen PLA chains. In contrast, conformational ordering in PLA was immediately triggered during hydrolysis at 60 degrees C and was responsible for the transition from random coils to disordered trans and, further, to quasi-crystalline nanospheres. On the surfaces, the head-by-head absorption and joining of neighboring nanospheres led to nanofibrillar assemblies following a gluttonous snake-like manner. The length and density of nanofibers formed were in close relation to the hydrolytic evolution, both of which showed a direct rise in the initial 60 days and then a gradual decline. In the interior, presumably the high surface energy of the nanospheres allowed for the preferential anchoring and packing of conformationally ordered chains into lamellae. In accordance with the well-established hypothesis, the amorphous regions were attacked prior to the erosion of crystalline entities, causing a rapid increase of crystallinity during the initial 30 days, followed by a gradual fall until 90 days. In addition to adequate illustration of hydrolysis-induced variations of crystallinity, our proposed model elucidates the formation of spherulitic nuclei featuring an extremely wide distribution of diameters ranging from several nanometers to over 5 mu m, as well as the inferior resistance to hydrolysis observed for the primary nuclei. Our work fuels the interest in controlling nanofibrillation mechanism during hydrolysis of PLA, opening up possibilities for straightforward nanofiber formation.
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| 5. |
- Groenewegen, M. A. T., et al.
(författare)
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MESS (Mass-loss of Evolved StarS), a Herschel key program
- 2011
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 526, s. A162-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MESS (Mass-loss of Evolved StarS) is a guaranteed time key program that uses the PACS and SPIRE instruments on board the Herschel space observatory to observe a representative sample of evolved stars, that include asymptotic giant branch (AGB) and post-AGB stars, planetary nebulae and red supergiants, as well as luminous blue variables, Wolf-Rayet stars and supernova remnants. In total, of order 150 objects are observed in imaging and about 50 objects in spectroscopy. This paper describes the target selection and target list, and the observing strategy. Key science projects are described, and illustrated using results obtained during Herschel's science demonstration phase. Aperture photometry is given for the 70 AGB and post-AGB stars observed up to October 17, 2010, which constitutes the largest single uniform database of far-IR and sub-mm fluxes for late-type stars.
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| 6. |
- Chen, Zhuoying, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced charge transport by incorporating additional thiophene units in the poly(fluorene-thienyl-benzothiadiazole) polymer
- 2011
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Ingår i: Organic electronics. - : Elsevier. - 1566-1199 .- 1878-5530. ; 12:3, s. 461-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a comparative study of optical properties, structure and morphology, field-effect transistor (FET) and solar cell performance between poly(4-(3,4-dihexyl-2,2-bithiophen-5-yl)-7-(5-(9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-3,4-dihexyl-2,2-bithiophen-5-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]-thiadiazole) (F8TTBTT), and its predecessor poly((9,9-dioctylfluorene)-2,7-diyl-alt[4,7-bis(3-hexylthien-5-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole]-2,2 -diyl) (F8TBT). Compared to F8TBT, F8TTBTT has two more thiophene units incorporated in its monomer structure. Such a modification leads to a reduced optical band gap, improved charge injection and significantly enhanced ambipolar field-effect mobilities reaching 5 x 10 (2) cm(2) V (1) s (1) for holes and 4 x 10 (3) cm(2) V (1) s (1) for electrons. The enhanced carrier mobilities are most likely a result of an increased backbone planarization and interchain interaction. As a consequence of ambipolar transport, light-emission was observed from the transistor channel during operation. The reduced band gap and improved charge transport make F8TTBTT an interesting candidate also for solar cell applications. Unoptimized solar cells based on F8TTBTT: PCBM blends were found to exhibit power conversion efficiency under AM 1.5 illumination of similar to 1.54%. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 7. |
- Dimitrakakis, Christos, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Workshop Summary of AiSec'14-2014 Workshop on Artificial Intelligent and Security
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 1543-7221. ; 2014-January, s. 1555-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 2014 ACM Workshop Artificial Intelligence and Security (AISec 2014) -- the seventh annual workshop addressing technologies that fuse intelligent systems into computer security applications and the implications of these approaches. The workshop's aim is to advance research at the intersection of artificial intelligence, machine learning, privacy and security. In particular, AISec gives researchers and practitioners working within one or more of those fields a platform for interdisciplinary discussion, which would otherwise be lacking. Hopefully, the workshop will lead to the initiation of knew col- laborations between groups working across these areas. The papers to be presented in this year's program include topics such as the analysis of privacy, adversarial learning models, intrusion detection and automatic advertisement filtering. We are delighted to again be co-located with the premier ACM Computer and Communication Security (CCS 2014) conference. This year we had 23 submissions from Asia, Europe and North America. This year, the workshop also includes a "presentation-only" track, for papers appearing elsewhere. After a rigorous reviewing process, 11 original papers were accepted for presentation at the workshop, while one paper was accepted for peresentation only. Organizing AISec 2014 was a team effort made possible by colleagues from institutions around the world. We sincerely thank the AISec program committee and external reviewers for their invaluable efforts towards guaranteeing a strong program, and the authors of papers who provided us with such excellent material. Their high caliber submissions and the thoughtful feedback from the reviewers continue to ensure the success of the ACM AISec workshop series. Finally, we wish to thank the ACM CCS organizers, for providing us with a suitable forum and for their continued support of this workshop. We believe that the workshop program will be interesting not only for researchers working in the field, but also for practitioners and academics in other areas in security. We look forward to seeing you all in Scottsdale, Arizona this year.
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| 8. |
- Duan, Ming-Rui, et al.
(författare)
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DNA binding mechanism revealed by high resolution crystal structure of Arabidopsis thaliana WRKY1 protein
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1362-4962 .- 0305-1048. ; 35:4, s. 54-1145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- WRKY proteins, defined by the conserved WRKYGQK sequence, are comprised of a large superfamily of transcription factors identified specifically from the plant kingdom. This superfamily plays important roles in plant disease resistance, abiotic stress, senescence as well as in some developmental processes. In this study, the Arabidopsis WRKY1 was shown to be involved in the salicylic acid signaling pathway and partially dependent on NPR1; a C-terminal domain of WRKY1, AtWRKY1-C, was constructed for structural studies. Previous investigations showed that DNA binding of the WRKY proteins was localized at the WRKY domains and these domains may define novel zinc-binding motifs. The crystal structure of the AtWRKY1-C determined at 1.6 A resolution has revealed that this domain is composed of a globular structure with five beta strands, forming an antiparallel beta-sheet. A novel zinc-binding site is situated at one end of the beta-sheet, between strands beta4 and beta5. Based on this high-resolution crystal structure and site-directed mutagenesis, we have defined and confirmed that the DNA-binding residues of AtWRKY1-C are located at beta2 and beta3 strands. These results provided us with structural information to understand the mechanism of transcriptional control and signal transduction events of the WRKY proteins.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Jakszyn, Paula 01, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary intake of heme iron and risk of gastric cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 130:11, s. 2654-2663
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Even though recent studies suggest that a high intake of heme iron is associated with several types of cancer, epidemiological studies in relation to gastric cancer (GC) are lacking. Our previous results show a positive association between red and processed meat and non cardia gastric cancer, especially in Helicobacter pylori infected subjects. The aim of the study is to investigate the association between heme iron intake and GC risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EURGAST-EPIC). Dietary intake was assessed by validated center-specific questionnaires. Heme iron was calculated as a type-specific percentage of the total iron content in meat intake, derived from the literature. Antibodies of H. pylori infection and vitamin C levels were measured in a sub-sample of cases and matched controls included in a nested case-control study within the cohort. The study included 481,419 individuals and 444 incident cases of GC that occurred during an average of 8.7 years of followup. We observed a statistically significant association between heme iron intake and GC risk (HR 1.13 95% CI: 1.011.26 for a doubling of intake) adjusted by sex, age, BMI, education level, tobacco smoking and energy intake. The positive association between heme iron and the risk of GC was statistically significant in subjects with plasma vitamin C <39 mmol/l only (log2 HR 1.54 95% CI (1.012.35). We found a positive association between heme iron intake and gastric cancer risk.
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| 12. |
- Johansen, G., et al.
(författare)
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Reproductive and obstetrical outcomes with the overall survival of fertile-age women treated with fertility-sparing surgery for borderline ovarian tumors in Sweden: a prospective nationwide population-based study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Fertility and Sterility. - : Elsevier BV. - 0015-0282 .- 1556-5653. ; 115:1, s. 157-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess the efficacy of fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) in terms of reproductive outcomes by following FSS for borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) and comparing the safety of FSS versus radical surgery (RS). Design: Nationwide cohort study based on prospectively recorded data. Setting: Sweden. Patient (s): All women of reproductive age (18–40 years) treated in Sweden for stage I BOT with the use of FSS or RS from 2008 to 2015, identified in the Swedish Quality Registry for Gynecologic Cancer (SQRGC). Interventions (s): FSS or RS. Main Outcome Measure (s): Reproductive outcomes: natural conception, use of assisted reproductive technology (ART), live birth and obstetrical outcomes. Safety outcome: overall survival (OS) rates, comparing women undergoing FSS versus RS. The FSS cohort was linked to the Swedish Medical Birth Register to identify all women who had given birth after FSS and to obtain detailed obstetrical data. For information on ART treatment, the National Quality Registry for Assisted Reproduction was consulted. OS rate comparisons were conducted by means of Kaplan-Meier estimates. Result (s): Of the 277 women with BOTs, 213 (77%) underwent FSS, 183 (86%) unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and 30 (14%) cystectomy. Following FSS, 50 women gave birth to 62 healthy children, 8% of which were preterm. Only 20 (9%) of the women underwent ART treatment. OS was similar in women treated with FSS and RS. Conclusion (s): Natural fertility was maintained after FSS; only 9% required ART treatment. FSS was also deemed to be equivalent to RS regarding survival outcome. © 2020 The Authors
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Krajewski, Wojciech W, et al.
(författare)
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Structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis glutamine synthetase in complex with a transition-state mimic provides functional insights
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 102:30, s. 10499-10504
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glutamine synthetase catalyzes the ligation of glutamate and ammonia to form glutamine, with the resulting hydrolysis of ATP. The enzyme is a central component of bacterial nitrogen metabolism and is a potential drug target. Here, we report a high-yield recombinant expression system for glutamine synthetase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis together with a simple purification. The procedure allowed the structure of a complex with a phosphorylated form of the inhibitor methionine sulfoximine, magnesium, and ADP to be solved by molecular replacement and refined at 2.1-angstrom resolution. To our knowledge, this study provides the first reported structure for a taut form of the M. tuberculosis enzyme, similar to that observed for the Salmonella enzyme earlier. The phospho compound, generated in situ by an active enzyme, mimics the phosphorylated tetrahedral adduct at the transition state. Some differences in ligand interactions of the protein with both phosphorylated compound and nucleotide are observed compared with earlier structures; a third metal ion also is found. The importance of these differences in the catalytic mechanism is discussed; the results will help guide the search for specific inhibitors of potential therapeutic interest.
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| 15. |
- Xu, Hong, et al.
(författare)
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Albuminuria, renal dysfunction and circadian blood pressure rhythm in older men : a population-based longitudinal cohort study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinical Kidney Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2048-8505 .- 2048-8513. ; 8:5, s. 560-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Both albuminuria and kidney dysfunction may affect circadian blood pressure (BP) rhythm, while exacerbating each other's effects. We investigated associations and interactions of these two risk factors with circadian BP rhythm variation and non-dipper pattern progression in community-dwelling older men.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses in the third and fourth cycles of the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men, including 1051 men (age 71 years) with assessments on urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and cystatin-C-estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Of these, 574 men attended re-examination after 6 years. Study outcomes were ABMP changes and non-dipping BP pattern (prevalence and progression).RESULTS: UAER associated with circadian BP rhythm both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Longitudinally, significant interactions were observed between UAER and kidney dysfunction (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) in its association with the changes of both night-time systolic BP (SBP) and night-day SBP ratio. After stratification, UAER strongly predicted night-day SBP ratio change only in those with concurrent kidney dysfunction. At re-examination, 221 new cases of non-dipper were identified. In multivariable logistic models, high UAER associated with increased likelihood of non-dipper progression, but more strongly so among individuals with concurrent kidney dysfunction. These associations were evident also in the subpopulation of non-diabetics and in participants with normal range UAER.CONCLUSIONS: UAER associates with circadian BP rhythm variation and non-dipper progression in elderly men. Concurrent renal dysfunction modifies and exacerbates these associations.
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| 16. |
- Åkerberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Future research challenges in wireless sensor and actuator networks targeting industrial automation
- 2011
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Ingår i: IEEE Int. Conf. Ind. Informatics (INDIN). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781457704345 ; , s. 410-415
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A growing trend in the automation industry is to use wireless technologies to reduce cable cost, deployment time, unlocking of stranded information in previously deployed devices, and enabling wireless control applications. Despite a huge research effort in the area of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), there are several issues that have not been addressed properly such that WSNs can be adopted properly in the process automation domain. This article presents the major requirements for typical applications in process automation and we also aim to outline the research direction for industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs) in industrial automation. The major issues that need to be addressed are safety, security and availability before industrial wireless sensor networks will be adopted in full scale in process automation. © 2011 IEEE.
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| 17. |
- Banerjee, Ambar, et al.
(författare)
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Photoinduced bond oscillations in ironpentacarbonyl give delayed synchronous bursts of carbonmonoxide release
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Early excited state dynamics in the photodissociation of transition metal carbonyls determines the chemical nature of short-lived catalytically active reaction intermediates. However, time-resolved experiments have not yet revealed mechanistic details in the sub-picosecond regime. Hence, in this study the photoexcitation of ironpentacarbonyl Fe(CO)5 is simulated with semi-classical excited state molecular dynamics. We find that the bright metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) transition induces synchronous Fe-C oscillations in the trigonal bipyramidal complex leading to periodically reoccurring release of predominantly axial CO. Metaphorically the photoactivated Fe(CO)5 acts as a CO geyser, as a result of dynamics in the potential energy landscape of the axial Fe-C distances and non-adiabatic transitions between manifolds of bound MLCT and dissociative metal-centered (MC) excited states. The predominant release of axial CO ligands and delayed release of equatorial CO ligands are explained in a unified mechanism based on the σ*(Fe-C) anti-bonding character of the receiving orbital in the dissociative MC states.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Hannes, Dave, et al.
(författare)
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Surface initiated rolling contact fatigue based on the asperity point load mechanism-A parameter study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Wear. - : Elsevier BV. - 0043-1648 .- 1873-2577. ; 294, s. 457-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of asperity size, friction and residual surface stress on surface initiated rolling contact fatigue damage was investigated using the asperity point load mechanism. A parametric study was performed in two steps, first with a classic one-parameter-at-a-time approach, then as a 2-level full factorial design. The effect on fatigue initiation, damage size and spalling life for both early and developed spalling damage was examined for a gear application. Simplified response surfaces were derived as an engineering design tool for improved spalling resistance. The parametric investigation suggested that among the investigated parameters, reduced asperity height and local asperity friction will have the largest effect on the crack initiation risk. The simulations agreed with the engineering experiences that reduced surface roughness improves rolling contact fatigue resistance and that improved lubrication lengthens spalling lives and decreases fatigue risk. With compressive residual surface stresses the predictions suggested reduced fatigue risk and substantially decreased depth of individual spalls. Finally, predictions of experimentally observed effects of changing asperity size, friction and residual surface stress on spalling further motivates the asperity point load mechanism as the source behind surface initiated rolling contact fatigue.
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| 20. |
- Qiao, Sibo, et al.
(författare)
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DPC-MSGATNet : dual-path chain multi-scale gated axial-transformer network for four-chamber view segmentation in fetal echocardiography
- 2023
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Ingår i: Complex & Intelligent Systems. - : Springer Nature. - 2199-4536 .- 2198-6053. ; :9, s. 4503-4519
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Echocardiography is essential in evaluating fetal cardiac anatomical structures and functions when clinicians conduct early treatment and screening for congenital heart defects, a common and intricate fetal malformation. Nevertheless, the prenatal detection rate of fetal CHD remains low since the peculiarities of fetal cardiac structures and the variousness of fetal CHD. Precisely segmenting four cardiac chambers can assist clinicians in analyzing cardiac morphology and further facilitate CHD diagnosis. Hence, we design a dual-path chain multi-scale gated axial-transformer network (DPC-MSGATNet) that simultaneously models global dependencies and local visual cues for fetal ultrasound (US) four-chamber (FC) views and further accurately segments four chambers. Our DPC-MSGATNet includes a global and a local branch that simultaneously operates on an entire FC view and image patches to learn multi-scale representations. We design a plug-and-play module, Interactive dual-path chain gated axial-transformer (IDPCGAT), to enhance the interactions between global and local branches. In IDPCGAT, the multi-scale representations from the two branches can complement each other, capturing the same region’s salient features and suppressing feature responses to maintain only the activations associated with specific targets. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the DPC-MSGATNet exceeds seven state-of-the-art convolution- and transformer-based methods by a large margin in terms of F1 and IoU scores on our fetal FC view dataset, achieving a F1 score of 96.87% and an IoU score of 93.99%. The codes and datasets can be available at https://github.comQiaoSiBo/DPC-MSGATNet.
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| 21. |
- Shishova, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A new perspective on auxin perception
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of plant physiology (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0176-1617 .- 1618-1328. ; 167:6, s. 417-422
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important question in modern plant biology concerns the mechanisms of auxin perception. Despite the recently discovered soluble receptor, the F-box protein TIR1, there is no doubt that another type of signal perception exists, and is linked to the plasma membrane. Two models for the receptor have been suggested: either the receptor includes a protein kinase, or it is coupled with a G-protein. We propose a third model, acting through Ca2+-channels in the plasma membrane. The model is based on the revealed rapid auxin-induced reactions, including changes in the membrane potential, shifts in cytosol concentration of Ca2+ and H+ and modulation of cell sensitivity to hormones by the external Ca2+ concentration. Detailed inhibitor analysis with both living cells and isolated plasma membranes show that auxin might directly stimulate Ca2+ transport through the plasma membrane. A hypothetical scheme of auxin perception at the plasma membrane is suggested together with further transduction events. In addition, comparative analyses of auxin and serotonin perceptions are provided.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Saar, Tomas, 1953-
(författare)
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Towards a new pedagogy for the after school setting
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Early Childhood Education Research Journal. - 1350-293X. ; 22:2, s. 254-270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The voluntary after-school setting is a significant part of the educational system in Sweden and includes about 80 % of the children from 6 to 9 years old. The national curriculum stipulates that the setting should not carry on teaching, but provide a stimulating and safe environment and offer activities that support the development of values, communicative and social skills. The aim of this article is to challenge this polar understanding of knowledge and discuss after-school pedagogy from a ‘nomadic’ and democratic perspective, based on observations of how children receive, handle and develop activities in the after-school setting. The results present an alternative understanding of learning and knowledge and show that children’s activities unfold and open for new ways to assemble and handle a situation, although not articulated and understood as learning by the pedagogues. The staff’s supervising and fostering activities can interrupt the children’s flow and becomings, but in some cases also be supportive. This implicates a pedagogy in the after-school setting that builds on children’s play, intensity and the joy of exploring the possibilities of a situation.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- André, Alann, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Damage Modelling of Adhesive Joint in Composite Reinforced Metallic Beams - Cohesive Interface Analysis
- 2008
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Ingår i: 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A new method for repair or strengthening of metallic structures has been developed and investigated during the recent years. The traditional way of upgrading metallic beam elements have been by use of additional metallic plates, which have been either bolted or welded to theexisting substrate. The new method involves use of advanced composite plates, commonly made of unidirectional carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP). The CFRP plates are adhesively bonded to the metallic beam to reduce the stresses in the tension area of the metallic section.Today, there are no established codes or standards for structural design of externally reinforced metallic beams in civil engineering. However, different approaches have been recommended in order to accurately determine the CFRP/Adhesive/Steel interfaces properties. Present paperfocuses on the finite element modelling of steel specimens reinforced CFRP where the adhesive is modelled with cohesive interface elements. Results from three experimental tests are compared to numerical results, and discussed in terms of load-deformation relation.
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| 27. |
- André, Alann, et al.
(författare)
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Finite element delamination study of a notched composite plate under flexural loads
- 2009
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Ingår i: ICCM-17, 17th International Conference on Composite Materials, Edinburgh, UK. - London : IOM Communications.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The delamination process in notched composite plates under flexural loading has been investigated using finite element analysis. Cohesive elements implemented in the commercial finite element package ABAQUS have been used in the region around the drilled-hole, and positioned between layers where delamination was observed during experiments presented in an accompanying paper. The delamination initiation and subsequent propagation was studied between the layers at the tension side separately and simultaneously. For all FE models, the load displacement curve was in good agreement with the one from experiments. However, the amount of damage reported from the fractography study was more extensive than that predicted by the models. Finally, it was shown that the models with only one cohesive layer show significantly different results to that of the model with four cohesive layers in terms of size of the degradation area.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Chen, Zhan Ming, et al.
(författare)
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Consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions accounting with capital stock change highlights dynamics of fast-developing countries
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditional consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions accounting attributed the gap between consumption-based and production-based emissions to international trade. Yet few attempts have analyzed the temporal deviation between current emissions and future consumption, which can be explained through changes in capital stock. Here we develop a dynamic model to incorporate capital stock change in consumption-based accounting. The new model is applied using global data for 1995–2009. Our results show that global emissions embodied in consumption determined by the new model are smaller than those obtained from the traditional model. The emissions embodied in global capital stock increased steadily during the period. However, capital plays very different roles in shaping consumption-based emissions for economies with different development characteristics. As a result, the dynamic model yields similar consumption-based emissions estimation for many developed countries comparing with the traditional model, but it highlights the dynamics of fast-developing countries.
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| 32. |
- Cho, Jeong-woo, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Stabilized Max-Min Flow Control Using PID and PII2 Controllers
- 2005
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Ingår i: IEICE transactions on communications. - : IEICE-INST ELECTRONICS INFORMATION COMMUNICATIONS ENG. - 0916-8516 .- 1745-1345. ; E88-B:8, s. 3353-3364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes an 'analytical framework for the weighted max-min flow control of elastic flows in packet networks using PID and PII2 controller when flows experience heterogeneous round-trip delays. Our algorithms are scalable in that routers do not need to store any per-flow information of each flow and they use simple first come first serve (FCFS) discipline, stable in that the stability is proven rigorously when there are flows with heterogeneous round-trip delays. We first suggest two closed-loop system models that approximate our flow control algorithms in continuous-time domain where the purpose of the first algorithm is to achieve the target queue length and that of the second is to achieve the target utilization. The slow convergence [1] of many rate-based flow control algorithms, which use queue lengths as input signals, can be resolved by the second algorithm. Based on these models, we find the conditions for controller gains that stabilize closed-loop systems when round-trip delays are equal and extend this result to the case of heterogeneous round-trip delays with the help of Zero exclusion theorem. We simulate our algorithms with optimal gain sets for various configurations including a multiple bottleneck network to verify the usefulness and extensibility of our algorithms.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Dimitrakopoulos, Konstantinos, et al.
(författare)
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Tremor Quantification through Event-based Movement Trajectory Modeling
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 IEEE CONFERENCE ON CONTROL TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS (CCTA 2017). - : IEEE. - 9781509021833 - 9781509021826 - 9781509021819 ; , s. 542-547
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simple non-intrusive approach to tremor quantification utilizing the repetitive nature of the phenomenon is proposed and implemented on a portable device equipped with a fused off-the-shelf sensor platform measuring 3D acceleration. The device can be automatically activated when picked up from a stationary position and acceleration measurements are performed for a certain time interval. This usage scenario naturally arises e.g. when a person lifts the cellular phone from a surface to the ear to make or answer a call. The relatively slow and damped voluntary movement is separated by filtering from the involuntary and repetitive tremor manifestations in the device position. Extreme points of the tremor signal are detected and the time stamps of the corresponding events are used to estimate of the momentary tremor amplitude and frequency. Kalman filtering of the estimates is applied further to obtain their smoothed versions.
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| 35. |
- Fisher, J., et al.
(författare)
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Community, work, and family in times of COVID-19
- 2020
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Ingår i: Community, Work and Family. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1366-8803 .- 1469-3615. ; 23:3, s. 247-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We are living in challenging and uncertain times. At the time this article was edited, there were already more than 2.4 million confirmed cases of the corona virus (COVID-19) (World Health Organization, 2020). Nearly every country across the globe is struggling to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 virus and limit its health, societal, and economic consequences. The full impact on community, work, family, and its intersections is not yet clear. As the Editorial Board of Community, Work & Family, we share a deep concern for the potential impact of this global health pandemic. We similarly stand in awe to all the communities, workers, and families doing their utmost to combat it.In this article, we do not attempt to provide definitive answers or even recommendations to address the problems we are witnessing. We do, however, feel the need to raise a collective voice about the significant potential for increased inequality. COVID-19 is not a great leveler. In all likelihood, COVID-19 will exacerbate existing inequalities, both in its immediate consequences resulting from the drastic measures taken to contain its spread, as well as its potential long-term consequences. These inequalities may take many forms. We highlight a number of them here as they relate to this journal’s focus on community, work, and family.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- He, Sailing, et al.
(författare)
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Broadband THz Absorbers With Graphene-Based Anisotropic Metamaterial Films
- 2013
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology. - 2156-342X. ; 3:6, s. 757-763
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce a broadband THz absorber with an array of graphene-dielectric multilayered frustum pyramids on a metal sheet. The multilayered graphene-dielectric structure can be considered an effectively homogeneous metamaterial with an hyperbolic dispersion and anisotropic permittivity. Surface plasmonic waves are excited on graphene layers and the incident waves of different frequencies are absorbed at different levels of the stacked pyramid, due to the squeezing effect of the slow waves at the tapered waveguide. An absorption dip is observed and explained physically, and finally removed by adding a rectangular portion to the pyramid unit cell. High absorption with an extremely broad bandwidth from 8 THz to over 100 THz is achieved. The absorption spectrum of the present structure can be scaled down to a lower frequency (e.g. 2 THz) by increasing the size of the unit cell.
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| 38. |
- Hedström, Jenny, 1979-
(författare)
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The political economy of the Kachin revolutionary household
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Pacific Review. - : Routledge. - 0951-2748 .- 1470-1332. ; 30:4, s. 581-595
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Applying a feminist political economy analysis of the Kachin military movement, this article will be mapping women's involvement in the armed uprising since the outbreak of the conflict in 1961, demonstrating the centrality of gender relations for the war. Using primary data, this article will show how the household provides essential support to the Kachin war effort in the shape of emotional, physical and material labour, thus underscoring the critical role played by women in maintaining the conflict. Examining the relationship between narratives of gendered insecurity in the community and notions of militarized duty, this article will argue that the Kachin armed forces have employed gendered notions of security and duty to legitimize and sustain the conflict. The importance of normative gender relations for providing labour and emotional and material support for the conflict will then be examined, showing how the household is situated as the nucleus of the armed revolution. The findings in this article thus reveal a need to take into account the relationship between the household and the armed conflict, arguing that the household is a site inseparably linked to nationalistic objectives, underpinning the economic and ideological structures of military movements. Interventions aiming at resolving the conflict in Kachin must therefore consider the importance of gender relations in upholding the political-economy infrastructure of the military movement.
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| 39. |
- Hosseinali Khani, Maziar, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment strategies for patients with stage IV rectal cancer : a report from the Swedish Rectal Cancer Registry
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 48:11, s. 1616-1623
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The optimal treatment strategy for patients with stage IV rectal cancer is unclear. The aim of the present study was to describe trends and compare the different treatment strategies for this group of patients at a national level and over time.Methods: Data from 2758 rectal cancer patients with (stage IV group) and 13 420 without metastases (stage I-III group) were available from the Swedish Rectal Cancer Registry between January 1995 and December 2006.Results: Patients with stage IV disease increased from 15 to 19 per cent between 1995 and 2006 (p<0.001) and the frequency of patients not operated increased from 13 to 26 per cent (p<0.001). Postoperative 30 day mortality after bowel resection was 2 per cent and after exploratory laparotomy 9 per cent. Median survival for stage IV patients operated with bowel resection was 16.3 months, an exploratory laparotomy 6.1 months, and for patients having no surgery 4.6 months. Patients aged 60-69 years increased their survival over time, irrespective of the treatment given. In the multivariate analysis, an increased risk of death was associated with: age > 80 years, operation at a local hospital, treatment in earlier time periods, not receiving preoperative radio- or chemotherapy, and not having a bowel resection.Conclusion: Survival for stage IV rectal cancer patients improved in the latest time period despite the great increase in non-operated patients. Patients aged > 80 years should be carefully assessed and staged before surgery. The survival advantage for stage IV rectal cancer patients who underwent primary tumour resection is probably due to selection bias.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Hristova, Ivanka, et al.
(författare)
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Plant economy and vegetation of the Iron Age in Bulgaria : archaeobotanical evidence from pit deposits
- 2017
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Ingår i: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 1866-9557 .- 1866-9565. ; 9:7, s. 1481-1494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Major social and economical changes occurred in human societies during the Iron Age of Southeastern Europe: increasing structuring of societies, intensifying production and metal technologies and the establishment of a market economy. However, the related plant economy of the region is still poorly studied and understood. The Iron Age ‘pit field sites’ (groups of pits distributed over a certain area) in south-eastern Bulgaria were recently intensively excavated, and their study provides rich archaeobotanical assemblages, which are used for filling this gap in our knowledge. The current study presents the archaeobotanical information from 196 flotation samples from 50 Iron Age pits. The results show a wide range of annual crops, the most important of which seem to be hulled wheats (mainly einkorn), barley and also millet. A variety of pulses and fruits is retrieved, each in small quantities. Some species like Olea europaea and Cucumis melo are an indication for contacts with adjacent regions (especially the Mediterranean area). The archaeobotanical assemblages also documented the environment and land use, revealing the exploitation of a variety of habitats like cropland, open grassland, shrub land and wetland. The archaeobotanical analyses of the Iron Age pit fields show that this type of structures can be an important source of information on the Iron Age plant economy in the region.
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| 42. |
- Hrmova, M., et al.
(författare)
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Mutated barley (1,3)-beta-D-glucan endohydrolases synthesize crystalline (1,3)-beta-D-glucans
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 277:33, s. 30102-30111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Barley (1,3)-beta-D-glucan endohydrolases (EC 3.2.1.39), inactivated by site-directed mutagenesis of their catalytic nucleophiles, show autocondensation glucosynthetic activity with alpha-laminaribiosyl fluoride and heterocondensation glycosynthetic activity with a-laminaribiosyl fluoride and 4'-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside. The native enzyme is a retaining endohydrolase of the family 17 group and catalyzes glycosyl transfer reactions at high substrate concentrations. Catalytic efficiencies (k(cat) K-m(-1)) of mutants E231G, E231S, and E231A as glycosynthases are 28.9, 0.9, and 0.5 x 10(-4) M-1 s(-1), respectively. Glycosynthase reactions appear to be processive and proceed with pH optima of 6-8 and yields of up to 75%. Insoluble products formed during the glycosynthase reaction appear as lamellar, hexagonal crystals when observed by electron microscopy. Methylation, NMR, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight analyses show that the reaction products are linear (1,3)-beta-D-glucans with a degree of polymerization of 30-34, whereas electron and x-ray diffraction patterns indicate that these (1,3)-beta-D-glucan chains adopt a parallel, triple helical conformation. The (1,3)-beta-D-glucan triple helices are orientated perpendicularly to the plane of the lamellar crystals. The barley (1,3)-beta-D-glucan glycosynthases have considerable potential for tailored and high efficiency synthesis of (1,3)-beta-D-linked oligo- and polysaccharides, some of which could have immunomodulating activity, or for the coupling of (1,3)-beta-D-linked glucosyl residues onto other oligosaccharides or glycoproteins.
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| 43. |
- Huang, R., et al.
(författare)
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Prediction and Optimization of WAG Flooding by Using LSTM Neural Network Model in Middle East Carbonate Reservoir
- 2021
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Ingår i: Society of Petroleum Engineers - Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, ADIP 2021. - : Society of Petroleum Engineers.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Production prediction continues to play an increasingly significant role in reservoir development adjustment and optimization, especially in water-alternating-gas (WAG) flooding. As artificial intelligence continues to develop, data-driven machine learning method can establish a robust model based on massive data to clarify development risks and challenges, predict development dynamic characteristics in advance. This study gathers over 15 years actual data from targeted carbonate reservoir and establishes a robust Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network prediction model based on correlation analysis, data cleaning, feature variables selection, hyper-parameters optimization and model evaluation to forecast oil production, gas-oil ratio (GOR), and water cut (WC) of WAG flooding. In comparison to traditional reservoir numerical simulation (RNS), LSTM neural networks have a huge advantage in terms of computational efficiency and prediction accuracy. The calculation time of LSTM method is 864% less than reservoir numerical simulation method, while prediction error of LSTM method is 261% less than RNS method. We classify producers into three types based on the prediction results and propose optimization measures aimed at the risks and challenges they faced. Field implementation indicates promising outcome with better reservoir support, lower GOR, lower WC, and stabler oil production. This study provides a novel direction for application of artificial intelligence in WAG flooding development and optimization.
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| 44. |
- Hörndahl, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
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Idéer för att spara tid i mjölkproduktionen
- 2010
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Ingår i: LTJ-fakultetens faktablad.
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Rationalisering inom mjölkproduktion handlar oftast om att färre arbetstimmar läggs per producerat kg mjölk eller, annorlunda uttryckt, att en mjölkproducent producerar allt fler kg mjölk. En rationalisering bör även innebära att kvalitén helst blir lite bättre och jämnare. I samband med att man bygger ett nytt stall försöker man att utnyttja den senaste kunskapen och bästa teknik för att bli så effektiv som möjligt. Men när byggnaden väl står där, är det lätt att bli ”hemmablind” och därmed missa möjligheter till rationaliseringarna. Denna skrift har som syfte att beskriva några tänkbara sätt att gör mindre förbättringar av produktionen i befintliga byggnader för mjölkproduktion. Förbättringarna har därför karaktären av idéer som måste appliceras på de speciella förhållanden som råder hos en specifik mjölkproducent eftersom förhållandena varierar så mycket mellan företagen. Detta projekt är ett samarbete mellan SLU och Skånesemin och har delvis finansierats av medel från Partnerskap Alnarp
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| 45. |
- Jakszyn, Paula G, et al.
(författare)
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Nitrosamines and Heme Iron and Risk of Prostate Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 21:3, s. 547-551
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The evidence about nitrosamines and heme iron intake and cancer risk is limited, despite the biologic plausibility of the hypothesis that these factors might increase cancer risk. We investigated the association between dietary nitrosamines and heme iron and the risk of prostate cancer among participants of European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).METHODS: Data on food consumption and complete follow-up for cancer occurrence was available for 139,005 men, recruited in 8 European countries. Estimates of HRs were obtained by proportional hazard models, stratified by age at recruitment, and study center, and adjusted for total energy intake, smoking status, marital status, dairy products, educational level, and body mass index.RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 10 years, 4,606 participants were diagnosed with first incident prostate cancer. There was no overall association between prostate cancer risk and nitrosamines exposure (preformed and endogenous) or heme iron intake (HR for a doubling of intake: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.98-1.03 for N-Nitrosodimethlyamine, 0.95; 95% CI: 0.88-1.03 for endogenous Nitrosocompounds, and 1.00; 95 CI: 0.97-1.03 for heme iron).Conclusions and Impact: Our findings do not support an effect of nitrosamines (endogenous and exogenous) and heme iron intake on prostate cancer risk.
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| 46. |
- Jakszyn, Paula, et al.
(författare)
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Hepcidin levels and gastric cancer risk in the EPIC-EurGast study
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 141:5, s. 945-951
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hepcidin is the main regulator of iron homeostasis and dysregulation of proteins involved in iron metabolism has been associated with tumorogenesis. However, to date, no epidemiological study has researched the association between hepcidin levels and gastric cancer risk. To further investigate the relationship between hepcidin levels and gastric cancer risk, we conducted a nested case-control study (EURGAST) within the multicentric European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. The study included 456 primary incident gastric adenocarcinoma cases and 900 matched controls that occurred during an average of 11 years of follow-up. We measured serum levels of hepcidin-25, iron, ferritin, transferrin and C-reactive protein. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of gastric cancer by hepcidin levels were estimated from multivariable conditional logistic regression models. Mediation effect of the ferritin levels on the hepcidin-gastric cancer pathway was also evaluated. After adjusting for relevant confounders, we observed a statistically significant inverse association between gastric cancer and hepcidin levels (OR 5 ng/l = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.93–0.99). No differences were found by tumor localization or histological type. In mediation analysis, we found that the direct effect of hepcidin only represents a nonsignificant 38% (95% CI: −69%, 91%). In summary, these data suggest that the inverse association of hepcidin levels and gastric cancer risk was mostly accounted by ferritin levels. Further investigation including repeated measures of hepcidin is needed to clarify their role in gastric carcinogenesis.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Josefsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of olanzapine and N-desmethylolanzapine in human serum and cerebrospinal fluid
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0731-7085 .- 1873-264X. ; 53:3, s. 576-582
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A validated, accurate and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for determination of olanzapine and its metabolite N-desmethylolanzapine has been developed. The analytes were quantified by tandem mass spectrometry operating in positive electrospray ionization mode with multiple reaction monitoring Olanzapine and desmethylolanzapine were extracted from serum or cerebral spinal fluid samples, 200 mu l, with tert-butyl methyl ether using olanzapine-D3 as internal standard Calibrations for olanzapine and desmethylolanzapine were linear within the selected range of 0.2-30 ng/ml (6-96 nM) in cerebral spinal fluid and for olanzapine in plasma, in the range of 5-100 ng/ml (16-320 nM) The method was successfully used for the analysis of samples from patients treated with olanzapine in the dose range of 2.5-25 mg/day.
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| 49. |
- Kohler, Andreas, Dr. rer. nat. 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Early fate decision for mitochondrially encoded proteins by a molecular triage
- 2023
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Ingår i: Molecular Cell. - : Cell Press. - 1097-2765 .- 1097-4164. ; 83:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Folding of newly synthesized proteins poses challenges for a functional proteome. Dedicated protein quality control (PQC) systems either promote the folding of nascent polypeptides at ribosomes or, if this fails, ensure their degradation. Although well studied for cytosolic protein biogenesis, it is not understood how these processes work for mitochondrially encoded proteins, key subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Here, we identify dedicated hubs in proximity to mitoribosomal tunnel exits coordinating mitochondrial protein biogenesis and quality control. Conserved prohibitin (PHB)/m-AAA protease supercomplexes and the availability of assembly chaperones determine the fate of newly synthesized proteins by molecular triaging. The localization of these competing activities in the vicinity of the mitoribosomal tunnel exit allows for a prompt decision on whether newly synthesized proteins are fed into OXPHOS assembly or are degraded.
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| 50. |
- Lindberg, Susanne, 1987-
(författare)
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Ethics of User Involvement in Sensitive Design Situations
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- While this era of digital technology brings great possibilities for improving the lives of many people with digital healthcare services, the design of these services in turn present challenges that are ethical in nature. Participatory Design (PD) values user involvement in design from a democratic, empowerment and ethical perspective. However, the design of digital healthcare services constitutes sensitive design situations, that is, situations that have the potential to negatively impact the participants. As a consequence, participation in these design situations involves risks, causing ethical dilemmas. The ethical dilemmas that designers face in sensitive design situations are situated, dynamic, diverse, unpredictable, and occur in-action. Yet, it is a complex field with little in situ support for designers who intend to involve users in sensitive design situations, and high complexity and risk increase the need to understand ethics in these situations. Consequently, this thesis intends to answer the question: How can users be involved in sensitive design situations?The research question has emerged from the study of two design projects and is addressed through a Design Research (DR) approach. Both projects aimed at designing Digital Peer Support (DPS); one designs DPS for children between 8-12 cured from cancer, and the other designs DPS for people diagnosed with schizophrenia. The DR approach enables the study of de facto design situations in the two design projects. The thesis consists of a collection of five papers and a cover paper.The results show that, in sensitive design situations it can be challenging to uphold the fundamental ethical commitments of PD: that participation is a democratic right, the user is the expert, design should enhance, and design is situated. Based on the empirical study, I propose four principles for ethics in sensitive design situations that aim to support the upholding of these ethical commitments: (I) the principle of enhancement; (II) the principle of acknowledgement; (III) the principle of advocacy; and (IV) the principle of accommodation.The research contributes to the discourse on ethics in PD by expanding the understanding of ethical values of user involvement. Ethical guidelines must be dynamic and responsive, and participation should be carried out using methods for continuous critical reflection. The research contributes to practice by providing practical guidance for those who intend to involve users in sensitive design situations, ethical review boards who review PD, and for training of future PD researchers.
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