| 1. |
- Berg, Agneta, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects from systematic clinical supervision on psychiatric nurses' sense of coherence, creativity, work related strain and job satisfaction : a pre-post design
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. - 1351-0126 .- 1365-2850. ; 6:5, s. 371-381
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are few investigations of the type and the outcome of interventions aimed at supporting nurses caring for psychiatric patients. Therefore a prepost–test design study was used in which 22 psychiatric nurses, on a general psychiatric ward were examined before, during and after one year of systematic clinical supervision combined with supervised documented, planned, individualized care. The methods used were the Sense of Coherence scale (SOC), the Creative Climate Questionnaire (CCQ), the Work-Related Strain Inventory and 34 statements from the Satisfaction with Nursing Care and Work Questionnaire (SNCW). In addition 14 statements were developed to evaluate the nurses' view of the effects from clinical supervision. The baseline values for the CCQ indicated a stagnant organization and a high score in the conflict dimension indicated personal and emotional tensions within the organization. The intervention led to a significantly increased creative and innovative climate in the dimensions for trust, idea time and reduced conflicts. However, the organizational climate remained stagnant. The nurses' view of the effects from clinical supervision also increased significantly. There were no significant changes in the nurses' SNCW, WRSI or SOC score. The result of the correlation analysis indicated that a strong sense of coherence was related to low work-related strain but not to unsatisfactory working conditions/milieu. The results gave some support to the idea that systematic clinical supervision and supervised nursing care plans constitute one type of support strategy that improves creativity and the organizational climate. It may, not, however, buffer for interpersonal problems. Further research is required to explore the need for and effects of various support systems depending on the circumstances in the organization.
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| 2. |
- Berg, Agneta, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Nurses' creativity, tedium and burnout during 1 year of clinical supervision and implementation of individually planned nursing care : comparisons between a ward for severely demented patients and a similar control ward
- 1994
-
Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 20:4, s. 742-749
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to study creativity and innovative climate, tedium and burnout among the nurses on two wards during 1 year of systematic clinic supervision combined with the implementation of individualized care on an experimental ward (EW) for severely demented patients, as compared with a similar control ward (CW) EW nurses had systematic clinic supervision and each patient had his/her nursing care carefully planned, documented and evaluated The intervention was evaluated by means of the Creative Climate Questionnaire, Burnout Measure and the Maslach Burnout Inventory Creativity and innovative climate improved significantly among the EW nurses (n= 19) in eight out of 10 factors during the year of intervention while there was no change on the control ward (n= 20) Tedium and burnout decreased significantly among the EW nurses while no change was seen in this respect among the CW nurses It seems reasonable to assume that systematic clinical supervision and individualized planned care decreases the negative outcome of stress caused by the psychological burden imposed by nursing care It also increases nurses' creativity, which, in turn, may benefit patient care The findings of this study point to the necessity for a support system that focuses on the work itself, i e the nursing care Individualized planned care and systematic clinical supervision may offer this kind of support.
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| 3. |
- Berg, Agneta, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Nurses' reflections about dementia care, the patients, the care and themselves in their daily caregiving
- 1998
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 35:5, s. 271-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study the aim was, through interviews, to disclose 13 nurses personal knowledge about the patients, themselves, and care provision, using a phenomenological-hermeneutic analysing method. Caring for people with severe dementia meant an intertwined life world emanating from making and doing together and the delicate interpretative work that the care provision required. The intertwined life world consisted of the interaction between the nurses and the patients separate lives, their common life and the environment, culminating in mutual dependency. Making together signifies the relationship being based on the nurses knowledge and skills as nurses i.e. the task they had to perform. Doing together signifies the relationship being based on the oneness of the nurses and the patients with severe dementia as ordinary human beings. The delicate interpretation process required, to adapt care to the individual patient, was based on knowledge about the patients personality, life history and disease progression in combination with the nurses interpretation of the current situation. The nurses searched for meaning and that, in turn, meant that the patients inner world was determined by the nurses and thus the patient was seen as being in their hands. It seems important to further understand the human aspects of both the nurse and the patient and to examine this dynamic, ongoing, vulnerable interpretation process, critically, in order to achieve high quality nursing care for the patients with severe dementia, and an experience of well-being in nurses everyday working lives.
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| 4. |
- Björklund, Margereth, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer patients' experiences of nurses' behaviour and health promotion activities : a critical incident analysis
- 1999
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer Care. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 8:4, s. 204-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with head and neck cancer report several disease- and health-related problems before, during and a long time after completed treatment. Nurses have an important role in educating/supporting these patients about/through the disease and treatment so that they can attain well-being. This study describes the cancer patients' experiences of nurses' behaviour in terms of critical incidents after nurses had given them care to promote health. The study had a qualitative, descriptive design and the method used was the critical incident technique. Twenty-one informants from the Nordic countries diagnosed with head and neck cancer were strategically selected. It was explained to the informants what a critical incident implies before the interviews took place; this was defined as a major event of great importance, an incident, which the informants still remember, due to its great importance for the outcome of their health and well-being. The nurses' behaviour was examined, and critical incidents were involved in 208 cases-150 positive and 58 negative ones-the number of incidents varying between three and 20 per informant. The nurses' health promotion activities or lack of such activities based on the patients' disease, treatment and symptoms, consisted of informing and instructing the patients as well as enabling their participation. Personal consideration and the nurses' cognisance, knowledge, competence, solicitude, demeanour and statements of understanding were found to be important. Continuous health promotion nursing interventions were of considerable value for the majority of this group of cancer patients. Oncology nurses could reconfirm and update the care of head and neck cancer patients by including health promotion activities in individual care plans. By more frequent use of health promotion models, such as the empowerment model, the nurses could identify and focus on those individuals who needed to alter their life-style as well as tailor their approach towards these patient by setting goals for well-being and a healthy life-style.
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| 5. |
- Blomqvist, Kerstin, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Pain in older adults living in sheltered accommodation : agreement between assessments by older adults and staff
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 8:2, s. 159-169
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to investigate the presence of pain, pain duration, localization(s), intensity, type and pharmacological treatment among older adults living in sheltered accommodation or receiving rehabilitation, as well as the agreement between pain assessments performed by staff and the older adults. Twenty-nine randomly selected older adults (65+ years) and the staff who looked after them participated in a structured interview based on standardized measures for pain assessment and physical, intellectual and communicative functions. Pain was found to be common, with a majority of participants experiencing it every day or all of the time. Nine out of 22 of the older adults in pain had no pain relief drugs at all. Agreement between assessments by the older adults and the staff was no higher than moderate and in general pain levels were underestimated. The findings indicate that older adults were at risk of undetected and untreated pain and the risk was even higher for those with speech difficulties. The provision of good nursing care for older adults in sheltered accommodation requires systematic routines for frequent pain assessments.
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| 6. |
- Carlsson, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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The oldest old : patterns of adjustment and life experiences
- 1991
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 5:4, s. 203-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A qualitative method was used to study the life experiences and the adjustment to very old age of a non-institutionalized population of 129 85-year-olds living in Gothenburg, Sweden. In-depth interviews were analyzed and categorized and seven patterns of adjustment emerged: Self-Realizing, Mature Aging, Adapting, Dependent, Resignedly Accepting, Despairing and Withdrawing. Additionally, a coping strategy—ritualization of time and occupations—was revealed in the interviews. These results reflect the heterogeneity among this age group and indicate that the subjective reality should be seriously considered both in further research and in the care of the elderly.
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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The oldest old : patterns of adjustment and dependence
- 1991
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 5:2, s. 93-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to investigate how dependence was experienced by 129 non-institutionalized 85-year-old persons, who previously had been categorized into seven different patterns of adjustment. The participants' subjective experiences of dependence were expressed in in-depth interviews and additionally, mobility, self-maintenance and need of help in daily living was conventionally assessed. When the results from these two methods were compared, it was found that subjectively experienced dependence did not generally correspond with the scorings on dependence. The in-depth interviews revealed that subjects with poorer adjustment could be most affected by minor impairments, while physical impairments were of a subordinate importance to those who were better adjusted. For appropriate caring interventions, it is therefore suggested that conventionally assessed dependence needs to be supplemented with documented subjective experiences of dependence.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Hallberg R., Ingalill, et al.
(författare)
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The parallel process in clinical supervision with a schizophrenic client
- 1994
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Ingår i: Perspectives in psychiatric care. - 0031-5990 .- 1744-6163. ; 30:2, s. 26-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors analyze a male nurse's account of how he experienced his interaction with a female schizophrenic client during sessions of systematic clinical supervision. Notes taken during 15 sessions were analyzed by means of open coding. The analysis revealed the importance of being aware of the parallel process that occurs among the client, the primary nurse, and the unit staff.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Gullberg, Anders, 1947-
(författare)
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Spelet om Nedre Norrmalm
- 1998
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Ingår i: Stockholm blir stor stad. - Stockholm : Byggförlaget. - 9179881394 ; , s. 8-49
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Få projekt har skapat sådana konflikter i Stockholms stadsplanehistoria som citysaneringen. De skiljaktiga meningarna skar rakt igenom partier och privata organisationer. Politikerna och näringslivets företrädare förhandlade och gjorde bytesaffärer. Av de 52 hektar som skulle totalsaneras enligt Cityplanen 1967 blev endast 24 förverkligade.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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A place to live : gender research on housing in Africa
- 1996
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Be it a house or a makeshift, a shared or rented room, or a home of one's own, a place to live is central in surviving strategies of all urban households. In this volume the authors explore the gendered experiences of housing and housing rights in African countries. There are many differences but also many similarities in the pattern of women not having the same access and control over housing as men have. While women often are the bread-winners, they are also the home-makers, in the sense that it is women who put intense efforts in making a place home.
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| 15. |
- Bengtsson, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Den identitetsskapande represenationsfrågan : En studie av i 1900-talets represemationsforskning samt resonemang kring en ny möjlig ansats / Från kvinnohistoria till genushistoria : En undersökning av begrepp och teori inom feministisk vetenskapsdiskurs från 1985-1995
- 1998
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den identitetskapande representationsfrågan : En studie av 1900-talets representationsforskning samt resonemang kring en nymöjlig ansats Av Staffan Bengtsson.''Den fråga, som nu är föremålet för vår överläggning, är onekligen den viktigaste. som kan förekomma. Den innefattar varken mer eller mindre, än att grundlägga Senska nationens fram tida öden ... "Ovanstående ord fälldes av en ledamot i bondeståndet under en riksdag vid mitten av 1800-talet. Vad som åsyftades var frågan kring den politiska representationens karaktär och hur denna skulle vara organiserad under riksdagens sammankomster.När frågan slutligen avgjordes på 1860-talet, och den traditionella ståndsindelningen upphörde, upplöstes också den i medeltiden inrättade samhällsbyggnaden. Därmed torde man i likhet med denne talare kunna stämma in i att få frågor har haft så stor historisk betydelse som just kampen kring en förändrad representation.Med detta fastslaget växer också funderingarna kring hur denna process har behandlats av forskarna. Har man lyckats täcka in de möjliga ansatser som finns att tillgå för att öka förståelsen kring den komplexitet som omgärdar ett förkastande av ståndssamhället? Utifrån detta tankefundarnent har det således tyckts mig angeläget att i en något vidare undersökning mer kritiskt granska före liggande problematik.Syftet med följande studie låter jag tudela. För det förs ta bär undersökningen på en ambition att åstadkomma en historiografisk kartläggning över 1900-talets representationsforskning; med avsikt på forskningsobjekt, perspektiv och drivkrafter. I detta ligger, om än underordnat, även en strävan att utreda huruvida en statsvetares skildring av frågan skiljer sig från en historikers.För det andra ska uppsatsen visa på en annorlunda forskningsansats i ämnet. Utifrån den utgångspunkten ska kulturanalysen behandlas för att reda ut huruvida denna vinkling kan vara ett behjälpligt instrument inom representationsforskningen. Som en exemplifiering av en sådan ansats ska slutligen medelklassens föreställningsvärld i representationsfrågans 1800-tal kortfattat belysas.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Blomqvist, Gunilla, 1964
(författare)
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Indian women and gender ideologies at work
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Schulz, M. (ed.), Peace and development - their interrelationship in the global system: an inventory of peace and development research at PADRIGU: a Festschrift in honour of professor Björn Hettne. - Göteborg : Padrigu Papers, Göteborgs universitet. - 91 87380 57 9
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Erwér, Monica, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Gender and empowerment in development aid
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Schulz, M. (ed.), Peace and development - their interrelationship in the global system: an inventory of peace and development research at PADRIGU: a Festschrift in honour of professor Björn Hettne. - Göteborg : Padrigu Papers, Göteborgs universitet. - 9187380447
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Husu, Liisa, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
-
Finland
- 1993
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Ingår i: International Handbook on Gender Roles. - Westport, Connecticut - London : ABC-CLIO. - 0313283362 ; , s. 59-76
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 26. |
- Kulawik, Teresa
(författare)
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Gender, Discourses, and Institutions : The Formation of the Welfare State in Sweden and Germany
- 1999
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the relevance of gender in accounting for the formation of different welfare state regimes in Sweden and Germany. Recent feminist scholarship has provided us with an array of approaches to the comparative analysis of social policies. However, it has not fully succeeded in conceptualizing gender as an analytic category. Concerning the welfare state, Joan W. Scott's a critique of feminist theorizing is substantially correct today. Gender is still often used as a substitute for »woman,« as for example in Skocpols work. Gender relations - here meaning gendered welfare state institutions - are usually explained in terms of »non-gendered« causal relations. Thus Jane Lewis claims, referring among other countries to Sweden among other countries that gender was irrelevant to the formation of different welfare regimes. My hypothesis, by constrast is, that gender plays a constitutive role in the creation of the early welfare state in Sweden and Germany. The purpose of this paper is therefore twofold: first to develop a theoretical framework which moves beyond the conceptual limitations of feminist inquiry mentioned above; and second to demonstrate its empirical usefulness in a comparative case study focusing on the emergence of protective labour legislation in both countries. The research strategy I pursue includes three levels of analysis: 1) processes of social and economic change; 2) political forces and institutions; 3) discourses and interpretative frameworks. My aim is to explore the mutual and complex relations among these different levels, in order to avoid a slippage into a determinist epistemology, whether conceptualized in terms of discourses, institutions or social/economic structures. Sweden and Germany are extremely well suited to this comparison. From the perspective of social history, they share several similarities: the tradition of a strong bureaucratic state, a weak liberal bourgeoisie, and an early political mobilization of the labour movement. With regard to the subject of inquiry, they differ considerably. Germany passed numerous gendered regulations in the field of protective legislation before 1914-- such as maternal leave in 1878 (repeatedly extended), prohibition of night work, and limitation of daily working hours for women in 1891. The Swedish development was in contrast rather modest: the first protective law in 1889 did not include any gender distinctions, a maternal leave was enacted in 1900 and women's night work was prohibited in 1909. This analysis shows that the policy differences between the two countries can not be adequately explained in terms of socioeconomic structures indicated, by e.g. women's employment rates. The legal differences correspond to variations in formations of national discourses. Demands for protective legislation in Germany were formulated in a gender specific way from the outsest. This was not the case in Sweden. Characteristic of the German debate was an early enmeshment of moral with scientific discourses defining women's factory work as undesirable and harmful for the female and social body, as well as an explicitly articulated masculine political interest. The interpretative frameworks of the Swedish dabate were quite different. This is well illustrated by the strategies of the early labour movements in both countries. The close relations between the Swedish and German labour movements led Swedish social democracy to take over the Gotha programme though with one notable exeption however: the paragraph demanding special protective legislation for women was excluded.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Lilja, Mona, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Genderized power discourses in Cambodian politics
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Schulz, M. (ed.), Peace and development - their interrelationship in the global system: an inventory of peace and development research at PADRIGU: a Festschrift in honour of professor Björn Hettne. - Göteborg : Padrigu Papers, Göteborgs universitet. - 9187380447
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Lilja, Mona, 1971
(författare)
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Women and democracy in Cambodia
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Speaker, EUROSEAS 98, University of Hamburg, 2-6 September 1998.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 31. |
- Näslund, Johan, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Lärorika relationer : Erfarenheter av forskarhandledning
- 1999
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den goda forskarutbildningen – hur skapar man den? Hur ser doktorander och handledare på sina roller? Hur kan mötet mellan rollerna te sig? Det finns ett stort intresse för sådana frågor idag. Många doktorander upplever att en stor del av deras framtid är beroende av hur arbetet med avhandlingen avlöper. Medan avhandlingsarbetet pågår är relationen mellan den forskarstuderande och handledaren mycket viktig.I Lärorika relationer har Johan Näslund och Inger Engström försökt fånga både doktorandernas och handledarnas syn på den gemensamma färden mot en fullbordad avhandling. De ger en inblick i forskarutbildningens vardag och lyfter fram generella och viktiga drag i handledningsrelationen. De pekar också på en brist i svensk forskarutbildning: det finns inga etiska regler för handledning.Lärorika relationer ger ett gott underlag för en fortsatt diskussion om handledning inom forskarutbildningen. Forskarstuderande och handledare skulle kunna läsa boken gemensamt och diskutera innehållet tillsammans, särskilt de dela som har relevans för relationen mellan parterna.
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| 32. |
- Schlyter, Ann, 1943
(författare)
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Housing policy in Zambia : Retrospect and prospect
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Habitat International. - 0197-3975. ; 22:3, s. 259-271
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the re-instatement of a multi-party system in Zambia in 1991, approaches to finding solutions to housing shortages have changed significantly. Local government staff sees their new role primarily as facilitators of the improvement process. This role is promoted by the country's new National Housing Policy, the draft National Housing Development Programme and the draft National Decentralisation Policy. In view of these recent policy initiatives, a retrospective review of Zambian housing policy is presented, focussing on efforts to provide serviced land, private home ownership, overcoming tenure constraints and organising community participation and the support of non-governmental organisations. Case study evidence from George compound is used to illustrate the paper.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Schlyter, Ann, 1943
(författare)
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Township Organisation, Democracy, and Women's Rights in Zambia
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Rudebeck, Törnquist & Rojas (eds.), Democratisaton in the Third World. Concrete cases in comparative and theoretial perspective. - Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9780333717295
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- [The book:] Democratization in the Third World addresses many current issues of development, democratization and civil society in countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America against the background of theoretical introductions and comparisons with the Swedish historical experience of democratisations. The authors, from seven different continents, examine civil society and its relation to the state throughout the world and assess prospects for sustainable democratization.
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| 37. |
- Schlyter, Ann, 1943
(författare)
-
Women's responses to political changes in Southern Africa - common grounds and differences
- 1996
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The political changes in Southern Africa have meant different things for women and men and for women in different classes. The political transformation in Southern Africa is complex and shows a variety of characteristics so a short presentation like this is bound to be limited. On basis of a case study in urban Zambia I will argue that the trans- formation from a one- to a multi-party system has dismantled structures in which grassroots women had some influence, especially regarding their own township and environment, while a feminist movement led by educated women experienced some openings due to more liberal attitudes to NGOs. Political changes open up different possibilities and evoke different responses in different classes. A common ground is women ́s interest for legal protection against destitution and violence. I was also asked to comment on the situation in South Africa. And I like to tell the success story about how South African women, at a certain point in time, managed to bridge racial, ethnic and other contradictions in order to influence the constitutional reform process. The constitution principles were discussed widely in civil organisations, and today South Africa has i unique interim constitution that condemns discrimination on basis of gender or on sexual orientation.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Abiri, Elisabeth, 1962
(författare)
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Cross-border migration and the Fall of the Wall
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Schulz, Michael (red.) Peace and Development: Their Interrelationship in the Global System. - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg.
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Achen, Thomas, 1964-
(författare)
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Den bioetiske udfordring : Et retspolitisk studie om forholdet mellem etik, politik og ret i det lovforberedende arbejde vedrørende bio- og genteknologi i Danmark, Norge og Sverige
- 1997
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Biotechnology and genetic engineering raise a number of new ethical problems. Consequently, over the past 15 years, several European countries, including the Nordic countries, have passed new laws in an attempt to deal with the ethical problems posed by biotechnology. These developments raise the question of how to formulate legislation to regulate both the technical and ethical aspects of biotechnology and genetic engineering. Is it indeed possible to formulate a valid ethical framework in a thoroughly secularised society? How has this been coped with politically? And what is the nature of the relationship between ethics, politics and the law, that emerges from this process? The regulation of biotechnology is very often carried out by legal means in modern society. The thesis shows that the distinction between ethics, politics and the law - inherent in the Scandinavian tradition of legal realism - is not sustained in the law preparatory Process in the fields of biotechnology and genetic engineering in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. The analysis reveals that the tendency for ethics, politics and the law to merge is expressed in the new normative reflexivity which characterizes legislation in this area. The thesis defines this process in terms of four elements: a proceduralisation of ethics, a democratisation of ethics; negotiated development of norms, and a moralisation of politics and the law. These new tendencies suggest a need for a new analytical framework. The thesis argues that reflexive law theory and discourse ethics theory can provide a more adequate understanding of the new normative reflexivity inherent in the legislation examined. In a society characterised by moral, social, cultural and political pluralism it is of profound importance to contemplate how legal and political norms are developed. Furthermore, it is highly pertinent to consider how we can conceive these processes in theoretical terms.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
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