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51.	Andersson, Joel, 1981- (författare) Fabrication and Weldability Aspects of Ni- and Ni–Fe Based Superalloys : A Review 2023 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Superalloy 718 and Derivatives. - : Springer Cham. - 9783031274473 - 9783031274497 ; , s. 659-696 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Superalloys are commonly used in structural components of aero-engines. Superalloys in general, Ni- and Ni–Fe-based superalloys, belong to an important group of materials used in aerospace applications. Fabrication and associated weldability aspects of structural components for the hot section of aero-engine gas turbines continue to be of high importance to the manufacturing industry within this discipline. Cracking and specifically hot cracking as well as strain age cracking is a serious concern during the welding and additive manufacturing (AM) of these structural components. The cracking phenomena can occur during welding, AM or subsequent heat treatment of precipitation-hardening superalloys. The cracking behaviour can be influenced by several factors, i.e., chemical composition in terms of hardening elements and impurities, the microstructure of base material, and weld zone, together with corresponding welding, AM and post-treatment process parameters. This paper provides a review of Ni- and Ni–Fe-based superalloys concerning fabrication and weldability aspects within the context of structural components of aero-engines. Also, the paper offers insight and analyses to research publication data of welding and AM of superalloys in the context of annual publication developed over the years as well as specific contributions from countries, affiliations, and specific researchers.
52.	Andersson, Jenny, et al. (författare) Patient´s description of onset stroke symptoms : Oral Presentations. ESOC 2023 Abstract Book 2023 Ingår i: European Stroke Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 2396-9873 .- 2396-9881. ; 8:2, s. 427-427 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background and aims: Stroke symptoms vary and could be hard to recognize. In addition, stroke severity has decreased according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NISSH), with less pronounced symptoms expression. Knowledge on the patient’s description of stroke symptoms is therefore needed. The aim was to describe patient’s symptoms at stroke onset.Methods: A qualitative content analysis was used. Data were collected through individual interviews with 27 patients (16 men and 11 women, median age 70.4 years). All patients were hospitalized with a first-time stroke. The interviews were conducted within 4 weeks of symptoms onset and before hospital discharge.Results: All patients had symptoms that affected their daily life. Some patients described having multiple symptoms at the same time, others had symptoms that began insidiously and worsened over time. Symptoms such as overwhelming fatigue or nausea were described as Premonition of becoming ill, feeling unwell or that something was wrong. Motoric bodily changes were multifaceted as slurred speech or dizziness, balance difficulties and losing control of the body or motor dysfunction. But also, that the surroundings were distorted, and solid objects moved around. Symptoms of Dazed and affected senses included confusion and visual impairment or headache.Conclusions: Stroke is a complex disease with several different symptoms’ expressions and could be difficult to recognize, especially when symptoms are less typical or perceived as not serious. Increased awareness of stroke symptoms among caregivers and among members of the community is important and needed.
53.	Andersson, Jenny, et al. (författare) Symptoms at stroke onset as described by patients: a qualitative study 2024 Ingår i: BMC Neurology. - : Springer Nature. - 1471-2377. ; 24:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Stroke is a common and severe disease that requires prompt care. Symptom expressions as one-sidedweakness and speech difficulties are common and included in public stroke campaigns. For some patients stroke canpresent with subtle and less common symptoms, difficult to interpret. The symptom severity assessed by the NationalInstitutes of Health Stroke Scale has decreased, and symptoms at onset may have changed. Therefore, we aimed toinvestigate how patients describe their symptoms at the onset of a first-time stroke.Methods:The study used a qualitative descriptive design and conventional content analysis. Data were collectedthrough recorded interviews with 27 patients aged 18 years and older hospitalised with a first-time stroke betweenOctober 2018 and April 2020. Data were analysed on a manifest level.Results: Symptoms at stroke onset were presented in two themes: Altered Reality and Discomfort and Changed BodyFunctions and described in five categories. Various types of symptoms were found. All symptoms were perceivedas sudden, persistent, and never experienced before and this appear as a “red thread” in the result. Regardless ofsymptom expressions, no specific symptom was described as more severe than another.Conclusions: Stroke symptoms were described with a variety of expressions. Many described complex symptomsnot typical of stroke, which can make it difficult to recognise the symptoms as a stroke and delay medical care. Publicstroke campaigns should emphasize the importance of seeking medical care at the slightest suspicion of stroke andcould be designed to help achieve this.
54.	Andersson, Joel, 1981- (författare) Welding metallurgy and weldability of superalloys 2020 Ingår i: Metals. - : MDPI AG. - 2075-4701. ; 10:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Fabrication and welding of structural superalloy components for aero-engines, land-based gas turbines as well as for the energy sector (i [...]
55.	Andersson, Joel, 1981-, et al. (författare) Welding of special alloys 2023 Ingår i: Welding of Metallic Materials. - : Elsevier. - 9780323906708 - 9780323905527 ; , s. 279-316 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Specialty alloys are a broad group of materials providing superior properties to common materials and are therefore used for more demanding applications. Specialty alloys require sophisticated manufacturing routes, e.g., vacuum metallurgy, to account for all the alloying elements needed to finalize the specific alloy for its intended purpose. The alloys of Duplex stainless steels, superalloys, and Titanium alloys are examples of so-called specialty alloys where aerospace, chemical, and petrochemical industries are just a few areas mentioned where these specialty alloys are frequently used. Duplex stainless steel, had superior mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, making them a sustainable choice for a wide variety of applications i.e., petrochemical industries. The superalloys, and especially the precipitation hardening ones belong to a unique plethora of alloys commonly used in aerospace as well as land-based gas turbines which possess superb mechanical performance at elevated temperatures. However, the superalloys are unfortunately very challenging to process, not at least regarding weld cracking. With their high specific strength and corrosion resistance, titanium alloys are favorable for numerous applications. However, they react readily with oxygen at elevated temperatures and therefore inert atmosphere must be used during welding.
56.	Andersson, Mikael, et al. (författare) An updated model for activities that promote work integrated learning 2022 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
57.	Andersson, Mikael, et al. (författare) Implications of the Work Integrated Learning (WIL) certification at University West : An updated model for classifying pedagogical activities that promotes WIL 2021 Ingår i: VILÄR. - Trollhättan : Högskolan Väst. - 9789189325036 ; , s. 24-24 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract During the last year more programs went through the formal process of WIL-certification at University West. The programs included in this presentation are 3d-animation and visualization, Digital Media and Systems development – IT and society. An early step when preparing for the certification was to identify activities and pedagogical ideas, utilized by staff and considered to promote and achieve a WIL space. As the number of activities identified grew in number the need for a model or classification of work integrated education (WIE) became apparent. There are some possible classifications suggested but they were not covering all aspects and forms of the programs. At the end a modified or updated classification based on the work of Hedlund & Svensson (2005) became the solutionThe aim for this presentation is to discuss identified forms of work integrated education (WIE) through examples from actual courses and a modified framework for classification.
58.	Andersson, Mitchell J., et al. (författare) Concussion history associated with adolescent psychological distress but not hazardous gambling : a cross-sectional study 2024 Ingår i: BMC Psychology. - 2050-7283. ; 12:1, s. 1-10 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BackgroundSustaining multiple concussions over one’s lifetime may be associated with behavioral and mood changes beyond the acute phase of injury. The present cross-sectional study examined the relationship between concussion history, the incidence of current moderate-severe psychological distress, and lifetime adolescent hazardous gambling in high school students.MethodsFour-hundred fifty-nine high school students from southern Sweden (age: 16.81 ± 0.83, 58.2% male) completed a survey assessing concussion history (0,1,2…>8), psychological distress using the Kessler-6 scale, and lifetime hazardous gambling using the NODS-CLiP scale.ResultsParticipants who self-reported three or more concussions were more likely to endorse moderate-severe symptoms of psychological distress than those with no concussion history while controlling for covariates, OR = 2.71, 95% CI [1.19, 6.18]. In contrast, concussion history was not associated with hazardous gambling after controlling for confounding variables.ConclusionsSelf-reporting three or more concussions was associated with increased current psychological distress beyond the acute phase of injury among high school students. Adolescents who have sustained multiple concussions should undergo mental health evaluations beyond the acute phase of injury to identify and treat psychological distress, but probing for hazardous gambling may not be clinically relevant in this previously concussed adolescent population.
59.	Andersson, Mikael, et al. (författare) Problem solving, reflection and lifelong learning in the junction between theory and practice 2022 Ingår i: International Conference on Work Integrated Learning. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789189325302 ; , s. 80-80 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract In 2002 University West was commissioned by the government to develop forms for work integrated learning (WIL) as part of the work with pedagogical renewal of higher education. As a result of this assignment, WIL is now a deeply rooted philosophy and cornerstone of the university but also the main principle for pedagogical approach. We believe that knowledge, both theoretical and practical, is acquired everywhere and not only in institutions of higher learning. In other words, we are striving to connect university studies with everyday work life and the surrounding society. The purpose of this paper is to describe and evaluate a strategy for improving student awareness and skills for problem solving, reflection and lifelong learning in the junction between theory and practice. At the center of our focus are students from our bachelor's degree programme 3D-animation and visualization and a course on simulation and particle based effects. This is a challenging subject to teach since knowledge, tools and process is evolving rapidly and we rewrite the course curricula every year. The strategy consists of adding five themes focused on reflection and problem solving spread over the weeks of the course, in addition to the more direct subject-related areas. For each theme the students recieved reading material giving an overview of each theme, and then reflection based questions aimed at connecting the theme of each week to the subject of the course. The themes were Lifeling Learning, MoSCoW prioritisation, Schöns desriptions of design challenges and wicked problems and finally Fraylings ideas of Research through design and Schöns Conversation with the material. For the last week, the students wrote a summary of the entire course using the themes they had studied. At first there was some resistance among the students, and it was not easy for them to see the value of these assignments, instead their focus was on the more technical aspects of the course. However, as the course progressed a majority of the students started to see the point of these more reflective based assignments. One example where this became apparent was during the weekly presentations of the technical assignments. While some of the students still struggled with integrating the reflective assignments with the more technical parts of the course, others started to use the terminology and reasoning from the reflective assignments when talking about how they approached the problems they faced when solving the technical assignments. Having the students equipped with these new approaches also facilitated talking about problem solving and learning strategies, both during the course where this strategy was tested, as well as a subsequent course.The strategy was evaluated by analysing the written and oral presentations and reflections of the students, with special attention being paid to their problem solving and their strategies when approaching new technologies and tools. In addition to this, we also observed their reasoning about the theories that was embedded in the tools, i.e not just talk about how to do things in the software, but also the theories and principles underlying the software.Overall, the aim of the strategy was to train the students on problem solving and learning through experimentation, design and reflection. While one single course is a very short time to practice this, differences in reasoning andstrategies in the students from the beginning of the course to the end could be seen. This was both in their written reports as well as their oral presentations. Areas where improvements could be seen was more abstract reasoning, reflection on problem solving, priorities, and the ability to connect and compare different areas of the course. One theme that also was recurring in the texts was the balance between chaotic exploration and structured learning. These are skills that are valuable in a changing industry where they will need to learn new tools and develop new workflows constantly. Overall, a conclusion here is that learning to learn is far more important than learning a specific tool or skill.
60.	Andersson, Mikael, et al. (författare) Towards A Framework For Work Integrated Education 2023 Ingår i: INTED2023 Proceedings. - : iated Digital Library. - 9788409490264 ; , s. 2471-2480 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Work Integrated Learning (WIL) is often considered and used as an umbrella concept for a broad range of activities. The fundamental idea is to integrate theoretical knowledge with work practice and connect education, work and research. At University West, WIL is presented and defined according to three dimensions: as a philosophy, as a pedagogical method and a topic for research. We believe that knowledge, both theoretical and practical, is acquired everywhere and not only in institutions of higher learning. This generous definition of WIL is on one hand permissive and flexible in application but on the other hand creating uncertainty and confusion. In this paper we report from the experiences of undergoing a thorough review process of a B. Sc. -program being evaluated for a WIL-certification. In order to strategically develop the quality of WIL a decision was made to certify all programs. The goal is to assure that all students are given opportunities to face, understand and reflect upon WIL. Our empirical data which is documented in a self-evaluation report of the media and design programs, firmly pointed to a need for a shared vocabulary as well as tools and methods adapted to support the process of WIL-certification.For some years the importance of student readiness or employability has been emphasised by society and the labour market. WIL is often considered a key strategy for developing employability capabilities in students by higher education. A typical didactical application is cooperative education, work-based learning or other forms of internship. This demand maintaining and developing partnerships with the surrounding society to provide internships for all students, especially since the concept of WIL is being spread and recognized.A possible solution suggested by our self-assessment report and in related work is to explore and develop new or existing activities within a course or curriculum, that promotes WIL to broaden the options. This development has also been advanced by remote learning initiatives, virtual learning technologies, calls for internationalization and a recent pandemic situation.At an early stage in our certification process, an inventory of activities considered promoting WIL was established by all teachers. The purpose of the inventory was primarily to identify courses that included WIL but also function as a trigger for conversations on WIL. We found an array of methods and approaches utilized by teachers in our programs. These activities could be defined as work integrated education (WIE) and hence an important part of our WIL-profile. These findings raised practical questions – How do we define and phrase a vocabulary for communicating WIL-activities and directions for further development? How can we operationalize and describe progress with respect to WIL/WIE? Is there a framework, model or typology that we could utilize?The proposed typology presented in this paper is based on a previous suggestion; “A typology of WIL”. Key takeaways are an updated typology for identifying, applying and utilizing pedagogical ideas that serve to promote WIL. The typology has been revised and rearranged to meet and cope with all new activities being developed in the WIL community around the world. An important addition is the work or results created by students as a response to an assignment.
61.	Andersson, Mikael, et al. (författare) Work integrated learning boosts students' experience of readiness for working life 2020 Ingår i: INTED2020 Proceedings. - Valencia : IATED. - 9788409179398 ; , s. 4101-4105 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Self-efficacy and Self-esteem of readiness are important factors for students to succeed in an internship. These factors affect how an individual handles new situations and possible threats. By testing their theoretical knowledge in a practical context, the internship can have a positive effect on the student's experience of being successful in working life.Work integrated learning is one approach that may support students progression towards increased readiness for working life. What characterizes work readiness and how can it be achieved?The study was conducted at the bachelor's degree programs ‘Digital Media’ and ‘3D-animation and visualisation’, at University West in Sweden. During the fifth semester students have the opportunity to carry out internships in a workplace. These internships are conducted as a course at the university which also gives higher education credits. The time spent on the course is split between the workplace (80%) and the university (20%). Every fortnight the students meet with faculty staff at a seminar to discuss a given topic. The purpose of the course is to give the student the opportunity to integrate theory from the university studies with practical experience in a workplace.The students spend the majority of the time in the workplace however every second week they meet in a seminar on campus, in which they discuss their experiences in the workplace. As a preparation for the seminar, the students are given different thematic questions to reflect on. Based on all students answers, in the seminar the students reflect on similarities and differences in each others’ texts. Additionally, a supplementary summarizing question is given to the students during the seminar.Prior to the start of the course, the students make their own estimation of how ready they feel they are for working life on a scale from 1-10. After the course, the estimation is revised along the same scale. In addition to this estimation, conversations are conducted between the students, regarding readiness for working life.The study is a mixed methods approach and consists of three sets of data: five group interviews á three hours with 7-15 participants in seminars, two online surveys and 50 written reports from all together 15 students.In the paper we report on how students gradually increase their feeling of being more sure of what type of work tasks they prefer to do in the future, which skills they already have or need to develop further, and what type of workplace they want to work at related to for instance: level of creative freedom, level of collegiality, type of governance etc. These insights, we argue, are vital characteristics of students’ experience of ‘readiness for working life’. We discuss how these characteristics are important aspects of self efficacy and how they are related to the design of the course and ultimately a work integrated learning approach to teaching and learning within higher education.
62.	Andersson, Niklas (författare) Material, references, and sources for the Theoria entry on Wikipedia 2022 Annan publikation
63.	Andersson, Susanne, 1957-, et al. (författare) Experiences of a Novel Structured Foot Examination Form for Patients With Diabetes From the Perspective of Health Care Professionals : Qualitative Study 2023 Ingår i: JMIR nursing. - : JMIR Publications. - 2562-7600. ; 6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a growing threat to public health, and secondary diseases like foot complications are common. Foot ulcers affect the individual's quality of life and are a great cost to society. Regular foot examinations prevent foot ulcers and are a recommended approach both in Sweden and worldwide. Despite existing guidelines, there are differences in the execution of the foot examination, which results in care inequality. A structured foot examination form based on current guidelines was developed in this study as the first step toward digitalized support in the daily routine, and was validated by diabetes health care professionals.OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to validate a structured foot examination form by assessing health care professionals' experiences of working with it "foot side" when examining patients with diabetes.METHODS: Semistructured interviews were held in a focus group and individually with 8 informants from different diabetes professions, who were interviewed regarding their experiences of working with the form in clinical practice. The users' data were analyzed inductively using qualitative content analysis. The study is part of a larger project entitled "Optimised care of persons with diabetes and foot complications," with Västra Götaland Region as the responsible health care authority, where the results will be further developed.RESULTS: Experiences of working with the form were that it simplified the foot examination by giving it an overview and a clear structure. Using the form made differences in work routines between individuals apparent. It was believed that implementing the form routinely would contribute to a more uniform execution. When patients had foot ulcers, the risk categories (established in guidelines) were perceived as contradictory. For example, there was uncertainty about the definition of chronic ulcers and callosities. The expectations were that the future digital format would simplify documentation and elucidate the foot examination, as well as contribute to the accessibility of updated and relevant data for all individuals concerned.CONCLUSIONS: The foot examination form works well as a support tool during preventive foot examination, creates a basis for decision-making, and could contribute to a uniform and safer foot examination with more care equality in agreement with current guidelines.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05692778; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05692778.
64.	Andersson, Thomas, 1970-, et al. (författare) Understanding institutional work through social interaction in highly institutionalized settings : Lessons from public healthcare organizations 2020 Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-5221 .- 1873-3387. ; 36:2 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The present study describes and analyses how social interactions between individual actors form institutional work in the highly institutionalized setting of healthcare organizations. Based on a qualitative case study, we affirm that social interactions mainly form maintaining institutional work, thus primarily upholding the rigidity of healthcare organizations. Social interactions either preserve distance between different actors or prevent their mutual influence, which decreases the effects of institutional complexity. However, when institutional work goes beyond maintaining, social interaction is characterized by processes of claiming influence and granting influence between individual actors who adhere to different institutional logics, which allows effects of institutional complexity. Such institutional work is contingent upon physicians' strong power position, and granting influence is likely to precede claiming influence.
65.	Andersson, Ulf, 1973-, et al. (författare) The challenge with the skilled hobbyist 2020 Ingår i: VILÄR. - Trollhättan : Högskolan Väst. - 9789188847867 ; , s. 16-17 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Having prior knowledge and experience in 3d-graphics or visual effects can give you ahead start when embarking on an education within that field. However, experience shows that it is common that those students that have worked with 3d-graphics on a hobby level are stuck in a certain way of working. They have developed methods and workflows that are suitable under hobby-like circumstances, which means that they have worked in isolation, on a single computer and often without any specific deadlines or time restraints. However, work life is seldom this structured. Instead it is complex and disordered, and requires constant new learning (Bruno et al, 2017).This is a qualitative study where students from a three year program are interviewed regarding their process of going from a hobbyist to a professional, if any. The results are compared with the concept of the Deliberate Professional, as described by Trede and Jacksson (Trede et al, 2019) The results of this pilot study suggests that the students to a large extent still are in the “hobbyist”-mindset, and have a low insight in the different requirements of beingin the workplace. However, some mentions of constant learning, and the importance of knowledge outside of specific 3d-technology. Some implications for the program isto focus and emphazise what it means to be a professional, and not only expose the students to work-like projects, but also have more occasions for reflection excercises, as described by Bruno and Dell’avarsana (Bruno et al, 2017).
66.	Andersson, Ulf, 1973-, et al. (författare) Virtual care for the virtually dying 2022 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
67.	André, Frida, et al. (författare) Relapse prevention therapy for internet gaming disorder in Swedish child and adolescent psychiatric clinics : a randomized controlled trial 2023 Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - 1664-0640. ; 14 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of relapse prevention (RP) as a treatment for internet gaming disorder (IGD).Design: Randomized controlled trial.Setting: Three child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) units in Region Skåne, Sweden.Participants: Children aged 13-18 years, coming for their first visit to CAP during 2022, were screened for gaming behavior. Those who met the proposed DSM-5 criteria for IGD were offered participation in the trial, if they had the capacity to provide written informed consent and if they spoke Swedish. A total of 111 CAP patients agreed to participate. Out of those, 11 patients were excluded due to incorrect inclusion such as young age (n = 1), or due to the absence of responses to follow-up measures (n = 9). After exclusion, 102 participants remained (intervention = 47, control = 55).Interventions: The intervention, RP, is based on cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) and was provided individually, comprising of five to seven 45-min sessions over a period of 5 to 7 weeks versus treatment as usual.Outcome measures: Participants were assessed with Game Addiction Scale for Adolescents pre-treatment (GASA) (baseline), post-treatment (treatment group only), and 3 months after baseline (follow-up).Results: The repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant interaction effect between treatment and time. Both the control group and treatment group lowered their mean GASA score from baseline to follow-up significantly, but the improvement was greater in the treatment group (mean difference in control group -5.1, p < 0.001, 95% CI = - 3.390 to -6.755, mean difference in treatment group -9.9, p < 0.001, 95% CI = -11.746 to -8.105).Conclusion: RP was found to be superior to treatment as usual in terms of reduction of IGD symptoms. Future research should address which aspects within a given treatment are effective, who benefits from treatment, in what aspects, and why.
68.	Anti, Marta-Lena, et al. (författare) Effect of silicon on creep properties of titanium 6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo alloy 2020 Ingår i: MATEC Web of Conferences. - : EDP Sciences. - 2261-236X. ; 321 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The alloy Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo is a titanium alloy for elevated temperatures often used in aerospace applications. Minor additions of silicon have proven to improve the creep resistance of this alloy. In this work, three different amounts of silicon (0.015, 0.07 and 0.162 wt% Si) were added to cast Ti-6242 and creep tests were performed at different temperatures and loads. Creep resistance increased significantly with silicon addition by means of silicide precipitation hindering dislocations movement. Silicon rich nanoparticles in the microstructure were detected and their effect on creep resistance was investigated. The instruments used in this study were light optical microscope (LOM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
69.	Antonsson, Jenny, et al. (författare) Ulf-projektet : Samordnaruppdraget Nyanländas lärande 2023 Ingår i: Abstracts för Decemberkonferensen. - Trollhättan : Högskolan Väst. ; , s. 1-1 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract I Skolverkets satsning på generella insatser för nyanländas lärande har kommunala samordnare en central roll. I projektet beskriver vi samordnarnas egna berättelser om uppdrag, mandat och positioner i kommunen, hur kommunen tillvaratar deras kunskaper och kompetenser i arbetet. I studien undersöker vi även implementeringsarbetet med den nya kursplanen i svenska som andraspråk samt vilken roll samordnaren har haft i arbetet. Ambitionen är att belysa konsekvenser det kan få i utbildningssammanhang och förutsättningar att möta komplexiteten i undervisningen som kan råda lokalt.Studiens teoretiska ansats vilar på Stephen J. Balls (2012) arbete kring hur skolor förhåller sig till policydokument, regelverk och politiska krav; dvs. en policy- enactmentstudie. Diskursanalysen utgör grunden för att studera kontexten i policyarbetet, att studera samordnaren som policysubjekt och som policyaktör samt hur samordnarna omvandlar de regler och föreskrifter som ges inom ramen för samordnaruppdraget inom nyanländas lärande (a.a.).Det är preliminära resultat som kommer att lyftas och diskuteras. Vi ser att samordnarfunktionen är en förutsättning för kontinuitet och långsiktighet i arbetet med nyanlända elevers lärande i Fyrbodals kommuner. Vi ser också ett värde i att tillvarata kompetensen och erfarenheterna från detta nätverk i arbetet på Högskolan Väst. Det kan bidra till ett kunskapstillskott för högskolan och lärarutbildningarna.
70.	Arakelian, Erebouni, 1973-, et al. (författare) Managerial challenges faced by Swedish nurse managers in perioperative settings : a qualitative study 2021 Ingår i: BMC Nursing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6955. ; 20:1, s. 1-10 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Nurse managers need to create cultures that are worthy, not only of the commitment of everyone who comes to work but also of the trust of everyone who comes to be served. The aim of our study was to describe the challenges faced by Swedish nurse managers in a perioperative setting.METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted. The participants were chosen by convenience sampling, and individual in-depth interviews were conducted. Data were analysed by Systematic Text Condensation. The COREQ checklist was consulted throughout the study to optimise the quality.RESULTS: Nineteen nurse managers (all women) participated. Six themes were identified: "striving to treat employees with consideration and solicitude"; "the obligation to take care of each employee's individual needs"; "convincing others was an uphill battle", "finding solutions when things seem impossible"; "staff recruitment, allocation, and management"; "working with constantly changing planning".CONCLUSIONS: The nurse managers faced challenges because of the overwhelming amount of work tasks, with almost no time for reflection. Having carefully chosen tasks and a realistic time schedule for each work task, plus time to find one's own path to inner peace, are essential for nurse managers. Organisations that provide these prerequisites show that they care about their nurse managers. The results of this study indicate the need for time to reflect, as well as support from superior managers and from the human resources department.
71.	Arakelian, Erebouni, 1973-, et al. (författare) Nurse managers in perioperative settings and their reasons for remaining in their jobs : A qualitative study 2020 Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 28:6, s. 1191-1198 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract AIM: The study describes what helps nurse managers maintain the strength to keep going as leaders.BACKGROUND: Good leadership is important for the quality of patient care, patient satisfaction in care and efficiency. Many nurse managers stay on despite challenges at work.METHODS: Twelve nurse managers were interviewed. Data were analysed by systematic text condensation according to Malterud.RESULTS: The results were as follows: A-Walking side by side with my employees; B-Knowing that I mean something to my employees; C-Talking to myself-asking myself tough questions; D-Having someone to talk to, to decrease the feeling of being alone; E-Leading and managing in my own way-the fear of not succeeding is my motivation.CONCLUSION: The nurse managers built their own strategies to get through and get on when difficult situations arose. In order to succeed in leading their employees, the nurse managers gathered their inner strength through moving caritatively back and forth between the 'secret room' and the 'staff room' in the house of leadership.IMPLICATIONS IN NURSING MANAGEMENT: The manuscript gives insights into where nurse managers found sources of strengths in their everyday work. To realize their employees' strengths and motivation made a difference for nurse managers as a driving force. By having someone to talk to and by asking themselves tough questions, they were prepared for the challenges that came.
72.	Arakelian, Erebouni, 1973-, et al. (författare) Reaching a tipping point : perioperative nurse managers' narratives about reasons for leaving their employment - a qualitative study. 2021 Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 29:4, s. 664-671 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract AIM: To describe reasons why nurse managers in perioperative settings decide to leave their employment.BACKGROUND: Current literature has shown that perioperative nurse managers' reasons to leave their positions are formed through an interaction of factors.METHODS: Individual in-depth interviews were performed with seven nurse managers, all women, in perioperative settings in Sweden. Data were analysed using Systematic Text Condensation.RESULTS: Five key themes were identified: a- To end where I started, as a front-line nurse; b- I wanted to develop further to the next level in my career; c- I ran out of ideas; d- I lost trust in my head manager and did not believe in the new organization, and e- I had had enough of being offended by my superior manager and my employees.CONCLUSION: Nurse managers experienced feeling forced into a decision to leave because of being offended by their superiors or their employees. Furthermore, the findings indicate that nurse managers should be offered support from superior managers and the organization together with time for discussions.IMPLICATIONS IN NURSING MANAGEMENTS: The most essential element should be the influence of caritative leadership and the obvious expectation of being treated with dignity, respect, and appreciation.
73.	Archila Bustos, Maria Francisca, et al. (författare) A pixel level evaluation of five multitemporal global gridded population datasets : a case study in Sweden, 1990-2015 2020 Ingår i: Population and environment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0199-0039 .- 1573-7810. ; 42, s. 255-277 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract Human activity is a major driver of change and has contributed to many of the challenges we face today. Detailed information about human population distribution is fundamental and use of freely available, high-resolution, gridded datasets on global population as a source of such information is increasing. However, there is little research to guide users in dataset choice. This study evaluates five of the most commonly used global gridded population datasets against a high-resolution Swedish population dataset on a pixel level. We show that datasets which employ more complex modeling techniques exhibit lower errors overall but no one dataset performs best under all situations. Furthermore, differences exist in how unpopulated areas are identified and changes in algorithms over time affect accuracy. Our results provide guidance in navigating the differences between the most commonly used gridded population datasets and will help researchers and policy makers identify the most suitable datasets under varying conditions.
74.	Areskoug Josefsson, Kristina, 1973-, et al. (författare) Bedre lesing og forståelse av pensum med støtte av digital sosial annotering 2023 Ingår i: Norsk pedagogisk tidsskrift. - 0029-2052 .- 1504-2987. ; 107:3, s. 283-287 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Academic reading is a challenge for many students and there is therefore a need to explore opportunities to support students in reading scientific articles in English, and to understand the new knowledge in a Norwegian context and enable them to use the knowledge in their future professional practice. This article shows how a digital tool provides new opportunities for asynchronous interaction between students about subject content and syllabus, and how this can be used to promote academic reading, professional learning and at the same time increase student interaction.
75.	Areskoug Josefsson, Kristina, 1973-, et al. (författare) Learning from coproducing digital courses in sexual health in higher education in Norway 2024 Ingår i: Learning Organization. - 0969-6474 .- 1758-7905. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose – Sexual health is insufficiently addressed in health care and higher education, which can lead tolower quality of life and negative health outcomes. To improve the situation, it is necessary to address both theneeds of patients and professionals and collaboratively engage in finding sustainable solutions. The purpose ofthis paper is to explore the feasibility and value of large-scale digital coproduction in higher education.Design/methodology/approach – A study of a project that developed seven interprofessional, digital master-level courses covering different topics related to sexual health. The project was performed through digital coproduction in higher education, with over 100 persons with various backgrounds working together online in designing content and novel digital learning activities.Findings – Large-scale digital coproduction in higher education is feasible and valuable, but the process demands sensitive leadership, understanding of coproduction processes and willingness to learn from each other. To meet the demands from practice it is important to understand the complexity, ever-changing and unpredictable working life changes which, in turn, demands engagement in continuous learning, training activities and the need for formal education.Originality/value – The study provides learning of the feasibility of the value of large-scale digital coproduction in higher education, which is a novel way of working in higher education.
76.	Areskoug Josefsson, Kristina, 1973-, et al. (författare) Manglende kunnskap hos profesjonelle om seksuell helse er en trussel for folkehelsen 2023 Ingår i: Dagens medisin. - 1501-4290 .- 1501-4304. Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
77.	Areskoug Josefsson, Kristina, 1973- (författare) Meeting The Demands Of PhD Supervision By Changing Supervision Practice : A Supervisor's Reflection On Didactic Change 2023 Ingår i: Journal for New Generation Sciences. - 1684-4998. ; 21:1, s. 52-61 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This article presents a PhD supervisor's reflections on a didactic change in supervision. The change included adding digital collaborative supervision activities to meet expectations, demands, and prerequisites for PhD supervision. Small-scale changes in supervisor didactic practices, such as online monthly group meetings and online retreats, can be useful for the progress of PhD students and for improving the working situation for supervisors. Collaboration is a key feature that ensures shared responsibility, meaningful focus, and better use of both traditional and new supervision meetings and activities. Furthermore, PhD students appear to have positive outcomes regarding social life, academic belonging, academic skills, academic leadership, and academic friendship. The findings from this small, pragmatic quality improvement project provide useful insights for PhD supervision. Reflections on a supervisor's experience from a didactic change with digital, collaborative supervision can provide useful learning relevant to other PhD supervisors, PhD students, and graduate schools.
78.	Areskoug Josefsson, Kristina, 1973- (författare) Work integrated learning for a working life in academia : Experiences from working with PhD-students during the covid-19 pandemic 2022 Ingår i: International Conference on Work Integrated Learning. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789189325302 ; , s. 35-36 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Work integrated learning in academia and wellbeing for PhD-studentsFew PhD-students have a clear plan for their coming career after completion of their PhD-studies. There can be dreams of starting new enterprises, combining research with innovations in practice, or to pursue a career in academia. In health and welfare research schools there are many PhD-projects involving single PhD-students, as well as part-time PhD-students whose project is connected to their workplace. Research shows risk of low wellbeing and high levels of stress among PhD-students, together with feelings of isolation and impostor syndrome (Seeber and Horta, 2021, Schmidt and Hansson, 2018). Such negative feelings negatively impact the outcome of the PhD period and may also affect the future career of the PhD-student. To promote and sustain PhD-students health and wellbeing, there is a need to test activities that can decrease experienced negative stress during the PhD-period as well as enhancing academic competencies like academic leadership, academic writing skills and pedagogical skills. In addition, successful academics should have excellent competence in their field, collaborate with stakeholders and engage in impact activities. Thus, the PhD period needs to provide work integrated learning in academia to provide learning opportunities to develop those skills. Research conce rning PhD-students’ wellbeing and progress shows that the supervisor has an extremely important role for completion of the PhD and for the wellbeing of the student (Buirski, 2022). However, there are limited resources set up for PhD supervision and mentoring, which can create stress and mismatch in needs and capacities between the supervisor and the PhD-student. During the covid-19 pandemic the risk of losing pace in PhD-projects increased, in addition to disconnectedness with academy due to digital instead of physical meetings. However, this change also provided opportunities for novel and pragmatic ways of structuring supervision and enhancing the self-efficacy of the PhD-students. The purpose is to present learnings and outcomes of work-integrated learning project in academia for PhD-students.The focus is on two novel learning activities: online writing retreats and online monthly meetings, which were tested during the covid-19 pandemic. The aim of the learning activities was to encourage the PhD-students to be the leaders of their projects, to collaborate with others to find their role in academia, and learn the trade of being an academic, while practicing doing so, and promote wellbeing during the PhD period. The project has been performed with Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) in biannual evaluation cycles. The PDSA is a quality improvement tool focusing on the translation of ideas and intentions into action (Reed and Card, 2016). The iterative structure of PDSA is well suited to promote learning of a tested change and help shape organizational culture for the better (Reed and Card, 2016). Evaluation data includes number of participants, types of spin-offs from the learning activities, and participants’ oral and written feedback on the learning activities. The collected data was analyzed from the perspective of usefulness of the learning activities related to theories of work-integrated learning. Online structured digital writing retreats Open to more than the PhD-students supervised by the facilitating supervisor (any PhD-student who considered themselves in need of learning better academic writing structure, master students who wanted to become PhDstudents, other supervisors who wanted to see how a digital writing retreat worked). This activity showed participants the importance and diversity of academic writing. The participants chose their own writing tasks, report on their progress, and plan for their next step – but being their own controller and thus actively practicing self-leadership. At the same time the participants shared their feelings of participating in the writing retreat when reporting their writing progress – thus creating a social, international, and interdisciplinary forum, increasing their networks and enhancing feelings of belonging. This in turn ignited cross-project collaboration, thematic discussions and sharing of scientific literature of importance. As facilitating supervisor, I participated on the same level as other participants, sharing my writing progress and feelings related to academic writing. The 1-hour monthly meetings for PhD students supervised by the same supervisor.The meetings were co-designed by the PhD-students, where the first meeting developed from a shared practical problem concerning digital data safety. Coming meetings were then co-designed depending on experienced needs by the PhD-students. The PhD-students were in different phases of their PhD-process; thus, they could bring in varied perspectives and share learning with each other on the academic processes. They could also discuss issues that they considered important, such as being asked to review for a journal or being asked to teach at bachelor or master programs. Such collaborative working discussions across projects and disciplines are important in academia and the meetings were used to solve problems in academic practice and to test scientific ideas. As the meetings also were led in turn by the participating PhD-students, academic leadership skills were practiced in this setting. As participating supervisor, I had a more passive role than in traditional supervision meetings, and the meetings were inspirational and provided opportunities for shared learning.Outcomes from the novel learning activitiesThe PhD students themselves describe how they have both acquired increased academic skills, and that the online writing retreats have been important in decreasing negative stress, creating a safe social environment which has been important for their wellbeing. The shared learning activities also presented a view of how to work together in academia, which may support the students when thinking of their future career and if this is to relate to academia. As a supervisor, I can clearly see that the activities have enhanced self-efficacy, leadership skills, cross-disciplinary collaboration, national and international networks and decreased dependency on supervisors. The additional bonus of those work-integrated learning activities has been the good progress of the participants’ projects and joy at work!
79.	Arfvidsson, Gustav Frisk, et al. (författare) Design Considerations for Short Alerts and Notification Sounds in a Retail Environment 2021 Ingår i: Proceedings of the Sound and Music Computing Conferences. - : Sound and Music Computing Network. - 9788894541540 ; , s. 261-267 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The design and noticeability of alert sounds have been widely researched and reported, and not least, notification sounds are ubiquitous in both software and hardware product development. In an ongoing research project concerning the retail industry, we aim at designing short alert sounds that only grab attention from one group of customers, while others do not register the alerts: this particular aspect has to our knowledge not yet been studied. To establish design guidelines for such alert sounds, we conducted an experiment where test subjects would experience ordinary shopping activity including background music and an ambient soundscape in a virtual reality clothing store, but with added alert sounds. We tested, specifically, six differently designed sound alerts belonging to two classes: contextual-specific congruent sounds, and incongruent sounds that did not fit the sonic context. The results disproved our assumptions that incongruent sounds would outperform the congruent and thus in the context more anticipated sounds. The findings suggest that alert sounds can be designed with subtlety and still be noticeable and that customers will not necessarily be annoyed. We present here a first approach towards design guidelines for short alert sounds in a shop environment. Copyright: Â© 2021 the Authors.
80.	Arghavan Shahlaei, Charlotte, 1985-, et al. (författare) Conceptualizing Competence : A Study On Digitalization Of Work Practices 2020 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 28th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS). - 9781733632515 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Competence development at work has since long been a core managerial challenge and a topic that has received a steady research interest. In academia, the topic has been explored in what we see as two scholarly traditions: 1) the earlier scholarship on ‘competence’ where discussions of technology have largely been absent, and 2) the later scholarship on ‘digital competence’ where the focus has been on the individual’s abilities to use particular Information Technology (IT) artifacts. With the increased sophistication of digitalization in today’s society, we suggest—while attending to digitalization—competence scholarship needs to go beyond the study of individuals’ ability to use particular IT artifacts. One way to do so is to investigate how digitalization transforms work conditions, and how individuals respond to these shifts. In this study, we focus on the role of today’s cyber-infrastructural technology, such as social media, in re-writing work conditions. By examining, through in-depth interviews, how the work of communication practitioners is digitalized, we 1) extend the conceptualization of digital competence beyond the customary IT competence, and 2) suggest two levels of competence based on two empirically grounded conceptualizations; competence as the optimization of existing resources, and competence as the envisioning of new possibilities.
81.	Arghavan Shahlaei, Charlotte, 1985-, et al. (författare) Conceptualizing industrial workplace learning : an information systems perspective 2022 Ingår i: Journal of Workplace Learning. - Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1366-5626 .- 1758-7859. ; 35:9, s. 1-21 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify the constituent parts of learning in the manufacturing work context and understand why these parts are key in the learning of the employees. Design/methodology/approach: The data was collected from two sources: a literature review of the Information Systems literature to establish an initial picture of what learning in relation to digital technologies entails and in-depth interviews with engineers in the automotive industry whose knowledge-intensive work is exposed to substantial digital transformation. Findings: The authors first identified three constituent parts for learning: change, reflection and deliberation. When the authors cross-checked the initial findings through in-depth interviews with the engineers, it was found that these three themes trigger learning through three different mechanisms, that is, balancing newness, finding point of reference and organizing actively. Thus, the findings of this paper extend beyond a categorical identification of what constitutes learning to also illustrate why learning entails these constituent parts. Research limitations/implications: This paper implies that progressive learning requires active organizing of learning stages. The data is limited to the review of the Information Systems field. The authors have also only focused on the automotive industry as the representative sector in the manufacturing industry. Practical implications: Applying the model of progressive learning can be a primary way to actively plan and organize learning opportunities for employees. This is key for supporting learning culture in organizations that are exposed to continuous and disruptive changes. Social implications: A significant part of social sustainability is based on sustainable employability and feelings of contentment at work. This paper is an attempt to highlight how sustainable employability can be achieved by providing effective learning opportunities at work. Originality/value: The originality of this paper emerges from two sources. First, the authors conducted the literature review and in-depth interviews by devising innovative methods because of the challenges of identifying when (informal) learning has occurred at work. Second, the authors owe the in-depth interviews to the first author’s extensive familiarity with the automotive industry and the knowledge and rapport acquired through her prior longitudinal research on the engineers’ work. It was this background that allowed the authors to find out when these engineers were about to leave the firm because of discontent about their competence development.
82.	Arghavan Shahlaei, Charlotte, 1985-, et al. (författare) Digitizing Products towards Platforms : the Case of Vehicle Motion System 2020 Ingår i: Making Digital Inclusive. - : Association for Information Systems. - 9781733632553 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The development of digital product platforms is a prevailing trend in many industries. As firms incorporate digital technologies into established product categories, they need to manage tensions on multiple organizational layers including strategy, technology and structure. Recent findings suggest that tensions are most likely to be managed by creating resource and coordination flexibility. This paper reports a longitudinal case study of developing a digital product platform. By drawing on organizational ambidexterity theory, we identify four mechanisms—re-scripting, centralizing-re-directing and decoupling—through which the firm creates resource and coordination flexibility. The resulting resource and coordination flexibility in turn lead to the transformation of the firm’s strategy, technology and internal structure. The contribution of this study is in adopting an internal perspective and a bottom-up approach which help to theorize the evolution of digitized products into digital product platforms in an emergent way.
83.	Arghavan Shahlaei, Charlotte, 1985- (författare) Rethinking Competence : On Performing Digital Transformation 2021 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Nya fenomen växer fram i takt med att vi införlivar digitala tekniker på arbetsplatsen. Den digitala omvandlingen undersöks här främst i betydelsen av att omvandla affärsmodeller för att skapa konkurrensfördelar. Men det är inte bara den affärsmässiga sidan av den digitala omvandlingen som är viktig. Även andra aspekter, såsom omvandling av arbetsmetoder och kompetenser, har betydelse. Istället för att fokusera på hur företag kan överleva trots ständiga tekniska förändringar ställer jag i denna forskning frågan hur medarbetarna klarar den ständiga förnyelsen på arbetsplatsen. Några av de frågor jag söker svaret på är: Vad består digital kompetens av? Vilka aspekter i arbetet förändras i takt med den ökande närvaron av digitala tekniker på arbetsplatsen? Hur påverkar dessa föränderliga aspekter kompetensen på arbetsplatsen? Varför är medarbetare frustrerade över sin kompetensutveckling, trots att de arbetar framgångsrikt med avancerade digitala tekniker? Hur kan vi främja kompetensutvecklingsprocesser på arbetsplatsen på ett följsamt sätt?Som exempel använder jag två yrken som genomgår en omfattande digital omvandling: digital kommunikation och fordonsteknik. I båda dessa yrken kommer man i kontakt med infrastrukturmässiga digitala tekniker, såsom digitala kommunikationsplattformar och den digitala fordonskontrollplattformen för självkörande funktioner. Genom att fokusera på kommunikationsansvarigas och fordonsteknikers arbete tillhandahåller jag argument för digital omvandling som en utpräglad form av förändring. De fall som presenteras visar också hur arbetet måste organiseras dynamiskt, och hur medarbetare påverkas genom behovet av att förhålla sig till omständigheter som ständigt utvecklas.För att tillhandahålla dessa argument har jag förlitat mig på utförliga data som har samlats in genom 59 intervjuer med medarbetare och chefer, åtta månaders iakttagelser av teknikernas arbete och flera års studier på fältet där jag har följt deras arbete. Baserat på slutsatserna som presenteras i fem akademiskt granskade artiklar, undersöks följande punkter i avhandlingen:Omvandling kontra förändring: Olika aspekter av arbetet omvandlas genom införandet av digitala tekniker. Denna omvandling är ett resultat av en mångfaldig, inre och anbringad utveckling av gränser, förhållanden, innebörder och stödjande viiimetoder på arbetsplatsen. Omvandlingen skiljer sig därmed från förändring i form av utbyte av färdigheter som ett resultat av en toppstyrd implementering av i förväg utarbetade svar på fördefinierade problem.Att uppfatta arbetet kontra att ständigt föreställa sig arbetet: Användningen av digitala tekniker utvidgar det vi kan/bör göra på arbetsplatsen och som ett resultat av det blir kompetens något som inte bara innebär förmågan att förstå de nuvarande arbetsförhållandena utan även förmågan att föreställa sig nya. Förmågan att föreställa sig nya möjligheter uppnås genom ständig utvärdering av nuvarande arbetsomständigheter. Följaktligen omvandlas kompetens genom ständig utvärdering till en pågående process där man reviderar sin förståelse för arbetet. Men uppbyggandet av den här typen av dynamisk förmåga hindras av tänkesätt som historiskt har föranletts av fördefinierade problem och optimala lösningar.Att utföra arbetet kontra kompetens på arbetsplatsen: Heterogena mekanismer krävs för att stödja den ständigt föränderliga förståelsen för arbetsförhållanden. Heterogeniteten hos dessa mekanismer visas i förekomsten av motsatta eller överflödiga åtgärder som alla är oumbärliga för att arbetssystemet ska fungera väl. Resultaten visar dock att det faktiskt har biverkningar att genomdriva en sådan tankemässig anpassningsförmåga och handlingsmångfald. Även om arbetssystemet är lyckat, bedöms individernas utveckling på lång sikt av behovet att förhålla sig till omständigheter som ständigt utvecklas.Att uppfatta kontra att förstå: I arbetssituationer där digitala tekniker införlivas i stor utsträckning är förändring en bestående faktor. För att hantera förändringen krävs därför löpande eftertanke och ständigt övervägande. Det innebär att medarbetarnas inte kan ha ett fast och statiskt tänkesätt för att kunna förstå sitt arbete. Arbetet är i stället en pågående process och medarbetarna måste engagera sig i olika pågående aktiviteter. Det handlar alltså om att fokusera på att förstå snarare än begreppsmässiga tillstånd, och detta visar att stödlösningar måste uttänkas i takt med att arbetsförhållandena förändras. Fördefinierade problem och optimala lösningar blir med andra ord inte lika viktiga.Slutsatserna ovan får konsekvenser för medarbetarnas digitala kompetens. Dessa konsekvenser kan sammanfattas i fyra förutsättningar för förståelsen av digital kompetens:• Digital kompetens, förutsättning 1: När arbetet kring digitala plattformar kräver att medarbetarna utför olika uppgifter på kort tid, och ixi frånvaro av direkta organisatoriska krav, utmanas medarbetarnas kompetens genom behovet av att ständigt dra nya gränser.• Digital kompetens, förutsättning 2: När arbetet kring digitala plattformar kräver att medarbetarna tillmötesgår ett ökat antal heterogena sociala och tekniska faktorer, utmanas medarbetarnas kompetens genom behovet av att ständigt förhålla sig till vad som är värt att medverka i.• Digital kompetens, förutsättning 3: När arbetet kring digitala plattformar kräver att medarbetarna kan hämta mening och mål från ett utvidgat nätverk av kontakter, utmanas medarbetarnas kompetens genom behovet av att ständigt utvärdera relevansen av den aktuella valda vägen.• Digital kompetens, förutsättning 4: När arbetet kring digitala plattformar kräver att medarbetarna ständigt omförhandlar målet och vägen dit, utmanas medarbetarnas kompetens genom behovet av att komma ihåg att stödplaner är verkningsfulla i en specifik tidsbegränsad kontext.
84.	Ariaseta, Achmad, et al. (författare) Influence Of Keyhole Tig Welding Parameters On Weld Geometry Of Newly-Developed Superalloy Vdm Alloy 780 2022 Ingår i: ICAS PROCEEDINGS33th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical SciencesStockholm, Sweden. ; , s. 3516-3530 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The welding process and the associated control, to a certain degree, have enhanced remarkably in the last decades. One of the recent processes is keyhole TIG (K-TIG) welding, which allows better control and the capability to use lower heat input and higher power density during the welding compared to the conventional one, being essential when joining sophisticated materials utilized in the hot sections of aircraft engines such as nickel-based superalloys. The recent trend in the fabrication of hot sections of aero-engines has been preferably carried out by joining small pieces of superalloys by the welding process instead of casting a single large component due to several benefits, such as lowering the total weight of the components and improving the design flexibility. VDM Alloy 780, a new polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy with service temperature capabilities up to 750 °C, is a promising material to be employed in the fabrication of hot structural parts of an aero-engine. For aerospace manufacturers, producing a superalloy weld bead geometry that meets stringent quality requirements for aerospace applications is crucial. To do so, understanding the influence of welding parameters on weld geometry becomes indispensable, especially when welding a new superalloy using a relatively new welding technique. Hence, in this article, the influence of K-TIG welding parameters on the weld geometry of VDM Alloy 780 has been investigated.
85.	Ariaseta, Achmad, et al. (författare) Keyhole TIG Welding of New Co-Lean Nickel-Based Superalloy G27 2023 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Superalloy 718 and Derivatives. - : Springer Cham. - 9783031274473 - 9783031274497 ; , s. 807-824 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The influence of keyhole TIG (K-TIG) welding parameters on the weld geometry and defects of a new Co-lean nickel-based superalloy G27 was studied, and the microstructures of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and fusion zone (FZ) of the K-TIG-welded Alloy G27 were characterized. No cracks are found in the FZ and HAZ. Minimum weld width and face underfill statistically were significantly influenced by travel speed and interaction current*travel speed. Root excess weld metal was only significantly influenced by travel speed. Face excess weld metal was significantly influenced by all the factors, including their interaction. On the other hand, all the factors, including their interaction, did not significantly influence the average pore diameter. In the FZ microstructure, interdendritic microconstituents are identified as (Nb, Ti)C particles and γ/Laves eutectic constituents. In addition, a plate-like phase is observed surrounding the Laves phase, and γʹ precipitates are found to be inhomogeneously precipitated in the FZ. In the partially melted zone (PMZ), (Nb, Ti)C, Laves phase, γʹ precipitates, and plate-like particles are found in the liquated and resolidified regions, suggesting the solidification behavior in PMZ is likely to follow a similar pattern to the one observed in FZ.
86.	Ariaseta, Achmad, et al. (författare) Keyhole TIG welding of newly developed nickel-based superalloy VDM Alloy 780 2023 Ingår i: Welding in the World. - : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 0043-2288 .- 1878-6669. ; 67:1, s. 209-222 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The influence of keyhole TIG (K-TIG) welding parameters on the weld geometry and defects of a new nickel-based superalloy VDM Alloy 780 alloy were investigated using a statistical design of experiment, and the microstructures of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and fusion zone (FZ) of the K-TIG-welded VDM Alloy 780 were characterized. No cracks are found in the FZ and HAZ. Travel speed significantly influences the minimum weld width (Wm), face and root excess weld metal, face underfill, and average pore diameter. Welding current and the interaction current*travel speed significantly influence the face and root excess weld metals, respectively. Interdendritic microconstituents in the FZ are identified as (Nb,Ti)C particles and γ/Laves eutectic constituents based on SEM–EDS analysis. In addition, plate-like precipitates likely to be δ/η phase are observed surrounding the interdendritic Laves eutectics, and γ′ precipitates are found to be inhomogeneously precipitated in the FZ. In the partially melted zone (PMZ), (Nb,Ti)C, Laves phase, and plate-like particles are found in the liquated and resolidified regions. Constitutional liquation of (Nb,Ti)C in HAZ is observed where the liquated (Nb,Ti)C appears to be associated with the γ/Laves eutectic as a resolidified product.
87.	Ariaseta, Achmad, et al. (författare) Microstructural study of keyhole TIG welded nickel-based superalloy G27 2023 Ingår i: Materials Characterization. - : Elsevier. - 1044-5803 .- 1873-4189. ; 204 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The weld fusion zone (FZ) microstructure obtained after keyhole tungsten inert gas welding and post-weld solution heat treatments (PWSHTs) of a new nickel (Ni)-based superalloy called G27 is studied, and the grain growth behavior in the base material (BM) during PWSHTs is characterized. Microsegregation-induced interdendritic microconstituents in the FZ of as-welded G27 are identified by analytical (scanning) transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM) as niobium (Nb)-rich MC carbides, Nb-rich Laves eutectic constituents, γ’ and η phases. The Laves eutectics are generally considered brittle and can adversely affect the mechanical properties of the weldment; thus, an hour PWSHTs were performed at 954 °C–1060 °C to eliminate the γ/Laves eutectics. PWSHT up to 1010 °C results in only partial removal of Laves eutectics with an excessive formation of η phase surrounding the Laves phase. Complete dissolution of Laves eutectics with no η phase formation is achieved after a PWSHT is performed at 1060 °C. Relative to INCONEL® alloy 718, the complete elimination of the γ/Laves eutectic constituents in the FZ of G27 through a PWSHT was proven to be achieved without causing excessive grain growth in the BM, which could be due to the pinning effect of the fine molybdenum (Mo)-rich precipitates, that are formed during solution heat treatment and identified as hexagonal close-packed phase particles through extensive (S)TEM analyses.
88.	Ariaseta, Achmad, et al. (författare) Study of Pulsed Laser Beam Welding of Nickel-Based Superalloy G27 2024 Ingår i: Sustainable Production through Advanced Manufacturing, Intelligent Automation and Work Integrated Learning. - : IOS Press. - 9781643685106 - 9781643685113 ; , s. 39-49 Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract The influence of pulsed laser beam welding (LBW) parameters on the weld geometry and imperfections of a new nickel-based superalloy called G27 was studied by a statistical design of experiment, and the microstructures of the weld fusion zone (FZ) of the pulsed laser beam-welded G27 were characterized. No evidence of cracks is found in the FZ and heat-affected zone (HAZ). Other weld imperfections, such as undercut and underfill, were also hardly observed.The pulse factor significantly influenced all the responses, i.e., minimum weld width (Wm), root excess weld metal, and average pore diameter, whereas welding travel speed significantly influenced Wm and root excess weld metal. Power and interaction between pulse frequencypulse factor were statistically significant in influencing the root excess weld metal and average pore diameter, respectively. The pulse frequency and interactions between powertravel speed, powerpulse factor, powerpulse frequency, travel speedpulse factor, and travel speedpulse frequency did not significantly influence any response.Microsegregation pattern that occurs during weld solidification leads to the formation of Nb-rich MC carbides and Nb-rich Laves phase as the major secondary phase constituents in the FZ of as-welded G27. The presence of brittle Laves phase requires careful consideration when developing suitable post-weld heat treatment of G27.
89.	Arnell, Linda, 1979-, et al. (författare) Relative Wellbeing of Women Maltreated as Children 2022 Ingår i: Violence against Women. - : SAGE Publications. - 1077-8012 .- 1552-8448. ; 28:12-13, s. 2947-2965 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This study explores and analyzes how adult women in Sweden exposed to childhood maltreatment describe wellbeing, by using a thematic analysis of 22 semi-structured interviews with women maltreated as children. The results show that wellbeing was described as relative to both social norms and the childhood experiences and constituted four dimensions: Material and/or economic; Social and relational;Emotional; and Physical and/or mental. This study concludes that it is important to consider the relative and multiple ways wellbeing can be experienced and understood and to problematize norms of wellbeing, acknowledging the various ways people appraise their lives.
90.	Arveklev Höglund, Susanna, et al. (författare) AIL via IPL : Arbetsintegrerat lärande genom införandet av interprofessionellt lärande i sjuksköterskeprogrammet på Högskolan Väst 2020 Ingår i: VILÄR. - Trollhättan : Högskolan Väst. - 9789188847867 ; , s. 15-16 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Kliniskt Lärande Centrum (KLC) på Högskolan Väst, institutionen för Hälsovetenskap präglas av ett personcentrerat, normmedvetet och hållbart synsätt på vårdande och erbjuder studenterna ett tryggt och säkert lärande. Vid KLC finns ett tydligt AIL-fokus när studenterna övar tekniska färdigheter samt mellanmänskliga förmågor, att omsätta sina teoretiska kunskaper till handling, innan de ställs inför autentiska möten med patienter och olika personalkategorier inom vården.Samtida hälso- och sjukvård står inför nya utmaningar, som exempelvis ökad ojämlikhet, ökad andel äldre i samhället och ökad risk för pandemier, vilket för med sig komplexa vårdbehov. För att kunna möta dessa utmaningar krävs att högre utbildning utvecklas så att framtida personal inom hälso- och sjukvård förbereds för att samarbeta över professionsgränserna. Förmågan att kunna samverka i team är ett av högskoleförordningens generella mål för blivande sjuksköterskor. Dessutom är samverkan i team en av sex kärnkompetenser som alla professioner i vården måste besitta för att kunna bedriva en god och säker vård. För att studenterna ska uppnå kompetens att i sin kommande yrkesroll kunna samverka i interprofessionella team, bör det redan under grundutbildningen ingå pedagogiska moment i form av Interprofessionellt lärande (IPL), där studenter från olika professioner inom Hälso och sjukvården får möjlighet att lära om, med och av varandra.Föreliggande projekt handlar om att implementera interprofessionella läraktiviteter vid sjuksköterskeprogrammet. Härigenom möjliggörs ett arbetsintegrerat lärande mellan Högskolan Väst, Sahlgrenska Akademin, Yrkeshögskolan och omgivande Hälso- och sjukvårdsenheter. Ett pilotprojekt har genomförts i form av en teamsimulering vid KLC där studenter från sjuksköterskeprogrammet, undersköterskeelever och specialistundersköterskestuderande medverkade. Preliminära resultat från en skriftlig utvärdering av pilotprojektet visar att en majoritet av deltagarna är positiva och önskar fler interprofessionella moment. Under våren planeras därför för fler interprofessionella läraktiviteter där läkarstudenter från Sahlgrenska akademin ska involveras i simuleringsövningar tillsammans med sjuksköterskestudenter. Därefter planeras att succesivt införa fler interprofessionella aktiviteter inom sjuksköterskeprogrammet.
91.	Arveklev Höglund, Susanna, et al. (författare) The State of Open Educational Resources (Oer) in Swedish Higher Education : A Case Study 2023 Ingår i: INTED 2023 Proceedings. - : International Association for Technology, Education and Development. - 9788409490264 ; , s. 4908-4917 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Open Educational Resources are learning, teaching, and research materials in any format and medium that reside in the public domain or are under copyright that have been released under an open license, that permit no-cost access, re-use, re-purpose, adaptation, and redistribution by others (UNESCO). Increasing the use of OER worldwide can be one of many steps toward reaching the United Nations Agenda 2030 sustainability goals (SDG), especially SDG 4 Quality Education, which aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.The UNESCO OER recommendations from 2020 provide clear goals and aims for OER, but how are they being implemented in higher education in Sweden? Specifically, how well are teachers and students aware of and how are they using OER, specifically open textbooks? This paper presents the use and needs of OER as well as current OER guidelines at University West in Sweden and investigates teachers’ and students' perceptions and experiences of open educational resources (OER) at University West, focusing on open textbooks. The method of the intervention was student and teacher surveys, both pre- and post-pandemic. The pre-pandemic surveys were sent out in April 2020 and had 79 student respondents and 82 teacher respondents. The post-pandemic surveys were sent out in June 2022 and had 83 student respondents and 76 teacher respondents.The aggregated results show that there were no significant differences in the use of OER and open textbooks due to the pandemic both for students and teachers. The current use of OER and open textbooks was limited and the primary motivations for using OER and open textbooks were economy, social justice, and adaptability with varying priorities among students and teachers. Additionally, OER and open textbooks are currently used marginally at University West but there is interest to increase the use of OER and student co-creation due to the three primary motivators. These preliminary results provide valuable insights regarding the key factors for increasing the use of OER and open textbooks in higher education to help achieve the UNESCO OER 2020 goals and the United Nations Agenda 2030 SDG goals, especially SDG 4 Quality Education.
92.	Arveklev, Susanna H., 1975, et al. (författare) Specialist nursing students' experiences of learning through drama in paediatric care 2020 Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 43 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
93.	Arvemo, Tobias, 1970-, et al. (författare) Tentative indices for regional economic development : an exploratory study using Swedish municipal data 2020 Ingår i: Diversity, innovation and clusters. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781789902570 - 9781789902587 ; , s. 44-56 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Using variable selections methods this chapter examines variables potentially suitable as indicators for different dimensions of economic development. Since potential factors for measuring economic development typically will differ greatly over large geographical areas, the study uses indicators on municipality level to avoid large geographical units of analysis. The analysis is performed on Swedish municipality data from 2015. An extensive search yielded a number of prospective indicators to use even though the official data gathered in Sweden are not particularly suitable for investigating the softer dimensions of economic development. The results of the study suggest that the indicators of economic development can be categorized into five dimensions/indices that represent: "Quality of Living", "Economic Capacity", "Wealth and Stability", "Growing Worries" and "Gross Municipal Product per inhabitant" in the municipality.
94.	Arwidson, Charlotta, et al. (författare) (Over)crowded house : exploring asylum seekers' experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic while living at accommodation centers in Sweden 2024 Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2458. ; 24:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has made visible the scale of health disparities in society, highlighting how the distribution of infection and deaths differs between population subgroups within countries. Asylum seekers represent a potentially vulnerable group; early in the pandemic, concerns were raised about their housing situation, usually involving overcrowded, camp-like accommodations, and the effects of COVID-19 in relation to this. Hence, this study aimed to explore asylum seekers' experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic while living at accommodation centers.MethodsIn this qualitative study, 14 semi-structured interviews were conducted with asylum seekers at two accommodation centers in Sweden. Participants represented a diverse group of asylum seekers in regard to age, educational background, and gender. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsExperiences related to COVID-19 were highly dependent on the living situation at the accommodation centers and the experience of feeling unsafe in shared spaces. This was enhanced by the experiences of a challenging mix of COVID-19 messages where different understandings of COVID-19 and related measures existed, together with a feeling of loss of control and safety in shared rooms. Additionally, participants felt more isolated from the outside society and missed prior social activities. Adding to this experience of isolation was an increasing mistrust regarding the authorities' pandemic response.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of understanding the specific challenges and vulnerabilities of asylum seekers at accommodation centers during the pandemic, shaped by their housing situation and legal status. The findings underscore the need for context-specific support, holistic disease prevention approaches, and tailored health communication strategies using diverse formats. Additionally, the findings emphasize the crucial need to identify and mobilize existing community resources in planning and implementing pandemic control measures. Furthermore, the study emphasizes governmental responsibility in providing secure housing, and to address long-term vulnerabilities beyond pandemics.
95.	Arya, Pradyumn Kumar, et al. (författare) Development of high strength and lightweight Ti6Al4V5Cr alloy : Microstructure and mechanical characteristics 2024 Ingår i: Journal of Materials Research and Technology. - : Elsevier Editora Ltda. - 2238-7854 .- 2214-0697. ; 28, s. 3526-3540 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This article explains development of high strength and lightweight Ti6Al4V5Cr alloy by μ-plasma powder additive manufacturing (μ-PPAM) process for automotive, aerospace, military, dies and moulds, and other similar applications. Microstructure, formation of phases, porosity, microhardness, tensile properties, abrasion resistance, and fracture toughness of multi-layer deposition of Ti6Al4V5Cr alloy are studied and compared with Ti6Al4V alloy. Results reveal that the presence of chromium in Ti6Al4V5Cr alloy refined the grains of its β-Ti and α-Ti phases, increased volume % of β-Ti phase, and promoted formation of its equiaxed grains. It also increased tensile strength, microhardness, abrasion resistance, and fracture toughness of Ti6Al4V5Cr alloy. It enhanced solid solution strengthening and formed higher hardness imparting intermetallic Cr2Ti phase and changed fracture mode to mixed ductile and brittle mode with larger size dimples, cleavage facets, and micropores. But it decreased formation temperature of β-Ti phase and % elongation as compared to Ti6Al4V alloy. Chromium and vanadium content in β-Ti phase of Ti6Al4V5Cr alloy is 7 % and 2.1 % more than its α-Ti phase. This study demonstrates that inclusion of limited amount of chromium content to Ti6Al4V5Cr alloy by μ-PPAM process is very beneficial to enhance microstructure, mechanical properties, crack propagation resistance, and abrasive wear resistance of the Ti6Al4V5Cr alloy. It makes Ti6Al4V5Cr alloy very useful in many commercial applications that require higher strength than Ti6Al4V alloy along with lightweight requirement.
96.	Aryal, Pradip, et al. (författare) Comparative study of the main electromagnetic models applied to melt pool prediction with gas metal arc : Effect on flow, ripples from drop impact, and geometry 2022 Ingår i: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. - : Elsevier. - 0017-9310 .- 1879-2189. ; 194 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The present work concerns the electromagnetic force models in computational fluid dynamics simulations of melt pools produced with electric arcs. These are commonly applied to gas metal arcs with metal transfer, in welding and additive manufacturing. Metal drop impact on the melt pool is thus included in this study. The electromagnetic force models applied in literature use either numerical solutions of Poisson equations or one of the two analytical models developed by Kou and Sun, or Tsao and Wu. These models rely on assumptions for which the effect on the melt pool predictions remains to be understood. The present work thoroughly investigates those assumptions and their effects. It has been supported by dedicated experimental tests that did provide estimates of unknown model parameters and validation data. The obtained results show that the assumptions that fundamentally distinguish these three models change the electromagnetic force, including the relation between its components. These changes, which can also be spatially non-uniform, are large. As a result, these models lead to significantly different recirculation flow pattern, thermal convection, melt pool morphology, bead dimensions, and free surface response to the metal transfer. We conclude by proposing conditions in which each of these models is suited or questionable.
97.	Aryal, Pradip, et al. (författare) Effect of Substrate Orientation on Melt Pool during Multi-Layer Deposition in V-Groove with Gas Metal Arc 2021 Ingår i: Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering. - : Avestia Publishing. - 2369-8136. - 9781927877616 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Thermo-fluid dynamic and experimental approaches are used to investigate the influence of 20° uphill, downhill and sideway substrate orientation during metal deposition over a previously deposited bead in a V-groove. The computational fluid dynamic model with free surface deformation and metal transfer gives insight into the melt pool flow and causes of defect formation observed on the solidified beads. The experimental metallographs, high-speed images and computational results show good agreement. It is found that the deposition of a second layer on a smooth first layer cooled down to room temperature leads to large changes in melt pool flow pattern at 20° substrate inclination compared to flat condition. It results in undercut and humps with the uphill orientation and undercut with the side inclination. Therefore, lower angle range is necessary for multilayer gas metal arc deposition for these two last configurations.
98.	Aryal, Pradip (författare) Gas Metal Arc Melt Pool Modelling : Effect of welding position and electromagnetic force mode 2021 Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Gas metal arc is a high-efficiency and widely used heat source for metal processing applied predominantly in welding and additive manufacturing. In this study, it was applied to welding. It offers high productivity, low production and investment cost, as well as suffers from some drawbacks such as humping or undercut when welding large parts that are curved and impose changing the orientation of the welding torch along the joint path. Deeper process understanding was therefore sought to mitigate these drawbacks. The difficulty is then the non-lineardependence of the process to the welding parameters and material properties. Besides, visual observation of this process is also difficult. For instance, the elevated temperature and the intense radiative emission from the electric arc, smoke, spatter, as well as the non-transparency of the processed alloy can hinder in-process observation or limit it. Process simulation provides a complementary means to reach process knowledge. It was thus the approach used in this study. For this, a thermo-fluid melt pool model that can predict melting and solidification, track free surface deformation, metal transfer, and coalescence with the melt pool was developed. Two main research questions were identified and addressed.The first one led to studying the effect of the substrate orientation during multilayer welding of a V-groove joint with INVAR and gas metal arc. It was foundthat the force balance in the melt pool changes significantly when the workpieceorientation is changed, resulting in distinct melt flow patterns, melt pool and bead geometries, and in some conditions defect initiation such as humping, undercut, and lack of fusion. As a result, multi-layer welding with flat substrate and downhill welding of a 20◦ inclined substrate are recommended with these process conditions. On the contrary, welding of a side inclined substrate and uphill welding of a 20◦ inclined substrate are not recommended. The second question gave rise to the comparative investigation of the three electromagnetic force models commonly used when modelling a melt pool produced by an electric arc. The underlying modelling assumptions were retrieved and investigated. It was found that each of these three models predicts a different melt flow pattern, different heat convection, melt pool shape, free surface oscillation, and interaction with the transferred metal drops, and thus result in different bead geometry. All these models can be adjusted to predict the penetration depth, however, only the most complete of them is recommended for developing a predictive melt pool model. For this, it is proposed as a future work to improve this model through predicting an electromagnetic force that takes also into account the local deformation of the free surface.
99.	Aryal, Pradip, et al. (författare) Melt pool electromagnetic force model extended to account for free surface deformation : Application to gas metal arc 2024 Ingår i: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. - 0017-9310 .- 1879-2189. ; 221, s. 124987-124987 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Computational fluid dynamics models with free surface tracking intended to simulate the melt pool produced by an electric arc usually model the electromagnetic force ignoring the deformation of the free surface. However, with an arc heat source, the electromagnetic force is known to be among the leading-order forces, especially at high currents. In addition, the free surface can undergo significant deformations, especially in the presence of metal transfer. In the present study, a generalization of the electromagnetic force model that accounts for the deformation of the free surface is therefore proposed. Test cases with a pulsed gas-metal arc that transfers one metal drop per pulse were investigated experimentally at three different travel speeds to provide validation data. The cases were simulated with both the proposed and the earlier model to assess the influence of the new developments. The results showed that, in the regions where both models determine the force, the discrepancy between the models’ results can reach up to an order of magnitude. Especially, the earlier model overestimates the electromagnetic force deep into the melt pool. On the other hand, it neglects it in the liquid metal that is located at an elevation above the original upper surface of the workpiece, while the proposed model showed that in this area the intensity of the electromagnetic force is the largest. These significant discrepancies result in non-negligible differences in the predicted melt pool thermal flow and geometry. Especially, the propose dextended model provides an improved prediction of the fingertip-shaped fusion boundary.
100.	Aryal, Pradip (författare) Metal fusion using pulsed GasMetal Arc : Melt pool modellingand CFD simulation 2023 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Pulsed gas metal arc is a highly efficient technique used in manufacturing processes like welding and additive manufacturing. It offers high productivity and cost benefits but it is also prone to defect formation when process parameters are not properly controlled and optimized. A deeper process understanding can support achieving improved process control and mitigate these potential drawbacks. Nevertheless, there are still several challenges. For instance, the correlation between the input and output process parameters is non-linear and complex due to the multi-physics nature of the process. In addition, the elevated temperature and the intense radiative emission from the arc, along with the smoke, and the non-transparency of metal, make in-process observation challenging. Modelling and simulation offer a complementary approach to gain a deeper process understanding. In this study, a thermo- and fluid dynamics model was developed, focusing on the melt pool and metal deposition, while simplifying the arc to boundary conditions (decoupled approach). This model incorporates various forces and phenomena such as thermocapillary and electromagnetic forces, melting and solidification, and tracking of surface deformation and droplet coalescence.In the first part of the thesis, the developed model was applied to investigate the effect of workpiece orientations on the melt pool dynamics and reinforced bead geometry in multi-layer gas metal arc welding of a V-groove joint. The comparison of the predicted fusion zone with macrographs obtained from the experiments showed good qualitative agreement. It was found that the force balance in the melt pool changes significantly when changing the workpiece orientation by as little as 20◦ relative to the flat position. This results in distinct melt flow patterns, melt pool shapes, bead geometries, and in some cases, defect formation such as humping, undercut, and insufficient fusion. It was concluded that to avoid these defects a lower angle range is necessary for multilayer welding with the uphill orientation and side inclination.The second part of the thesis focused on analyzing different variants of the model for the electromagnetic force with a decoupled approach. Three commonly used models were compared: (1) the analytical models proposed by Kou and Sun inintegral form, (2) by Tsao and Wu in algebraic form, and (3) the partial differential equations governing the electric and magnetic fields. The comparative investigation was supported by experimental tests that also provided estimates of unknown model parameters and validation data. It was found that the distinct assumptions on which these models rely are not all justified. They resulted inpredicting different melt flow patterns and amplitude of the free surface oscillations, as well as different melt pool shapes and bead geometries. Model (3) is recommended to advance to a predictive melt pool model and was subsequentlyused in the remaining work of the thesis.Furthermore, the literature shows that modeling the effect of pulsed arc on the melt pool using a decoupled approach involves various simplifications. Arc pulsation affects energy and force balance in the melt pool through arc heat flux, arc pressure, and electromagnetic force. A systematic investigation of model variants considering pulsing was conducted using previously documented experimental test cases. The results showed that the influence of arc pressure was insignificant in those cases. However, model variants simplifying arc pulsing to a time-averaged effect underestimated the amplitude of the Marangoni flow and downward flow compared to a more comprehensive approach that considered the time dependence of arc pulsation. Thus, it is recommended to use a meltpool model that accounts for the time-dependent arc pulsation, which was also subsequently utilized in the remaining work of the thesis.The electromagnetic force models discussed earlier assume a stationary free surface when computing the electromagnetic force. However, this force is often at leading order in the vicinity of the arc. In the same region, the metal drop transfer leads to a periodic deformation of the melt pool free surface. In the final part of the thesis, the model was extended to account for free surface deformation when computing the electromagnetic force. This extension was applied to experimental test cases, and a comparison was made with simulation results obtained using the stationary electromagnetic force model. Significant differences in the results were observed, particularly in predicting the experimentally observed fingertip-shaped fusion zone geometry. The proposed improvement in the electromagnetic force model provided better predictions in this regard.

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