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- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
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A critical examination of investigative methods in fifteen cases of alleged child sexual abuse in Sweden
- 1997
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose is to examine investigative work in cases of sexual abuse in Sweden. A systematic search for common problem areas in the investigative process was made in 15 cases with extensive documentation. In at least two thirds of the cases four problem themes were found to be important: I. Investigation strategy and generation of data, II. Documentation of data, III. Analysis work, IV. Ethics. The main conclusion is that there are serious defects in the investigative methods in all cases reviewec. The investigative methods are biased and incompatible with the objectivity principle stated in Swedish laws. There is a need for critical and scientific thinking in investigative work.
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| 2. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-, et al.
(författare)
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Immediate free recall of brief conversations in investigative work
- 1998
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Ingår i: En mycket förkortad version återfinns i konferensvolymen från 8th European Conference on Psychology and Law, 1998. Här presenteras fulltextversionen..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Immediate free recall of brief realistic conversations was studied. Three audio-recorded conversations between two persons consisting of 10-14 statemens were conducted as they would have been in a social investigation. Each conversation was presented to a different group of social work students (n = 21, 63 and 47, i.e. 131 subjects), who were asked to write down the dialogue verbatim immediately after listening. The content was coded in a number of content themes. One of the results was that the subjects had forgotten half or more of the themes. The core theme was most frequently recalled. Forgotten content may have been perceived as less important. A trimodal order effect was observed: most content was lost near the betinning, in the middle and near the end of the conversations. A number of different memory errors were found. It is evident that errors in conversation recall can cause deficiencies in investigative work.
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| 3. |
- Gustafsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Samtalsminne hos barn : Vad händer med erinran efter sju dagar
- 1998
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet är att studera samtalsminnet hos barn. I ett experiment ombads 23 st fem år gamla barn att erinra sig vad som sagts i ett samtal sju dagar tidigare. Ett kategorisystem från Hjelmquist & Gidlund användes. Omkring en fjärdedel av temana erinrades efter sju dagar. Omkring en fjärdedel av deltagarna gjorde tillägg av nytt innehåll.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Hällström, Anetta, et al.
(författare)
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Barns tankar om utredningssamtal
- 1997
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet är att undersöka barns tankar om hur de anser att utredningssamtal bör gå till. Data från totalt 97 barn i 9-10 års ålder skapades med hjälp av flera olika metoder. Ett flertal intressanta resultat erhölls.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Kerstin
(författare)
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Reactions to novelties : Developmental aspects
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present thesis considers different aspects of infants' and children's reactions to novelties, that is, unfamiliar persons, objects, and situations. In Study I, the developmental phenomenon stranger wariness was investigated from a temperamental perspective. Stranger wariness at age 10 months was found to be marginally predicted by 5-month individual variation in reactions to frustration, to sensory stimulation, and to novelties and to be predictive of 2-year social inhibition. These results indicate that 10-month stranger wariness does not only reflect a developmental transition but also an individual disposition to be responsive to social novelties.In line with what has been suggested for the behavioral inhibition construct, Study II showed that 2-year-olds' reactions to social and non-social novelties should be considered as belonging to one construct. Furthermore, the relations within and between latency, negative/inhibited and positive/approaching reactions to social and non-social novelties were found to be very similar, implying that identifying children as uninhibited means that they are disposed not only towards lack of negative/inhibited reactions, but also towards approaching/positive reactions when confronted with novelties. Study III concerned preschool social inhibition in relation to attachment security and social experiences in terms non-parental care. The relative contributions of the three variables to school-age social competence with peers and social self-esteem were also investigated. It was found that attachment security and social inhibition were unrelated to each other and that they made significant independent contributions to the explanation of social competence, whereas social self-esteem was only predicted by preschool social inhibition.
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| 8. |
- Armelius, Bengt-Åke, 1944-, et al.
(författare)
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Personality organization defined by DMT and the structural interview
- 1990
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 31:2, s. 81-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The psychoanalytic concept of Personality Organization (PO) may be operationalized by means of a Structural Interview as well as by means of psychological tests. The present study utilized the Structural Interview and a projective test called the Defence Mechanism Test (DMT) to operationalize the PO concept on a sample of 50 psychiatric inpatients. The reliability of the PO judgements were found to be acceptable for both the Structural Interview and the DMT. The validity, which was estimated as the correlation between the two methods, was also found to be substantial. The conclusion is that the concept of PO may be reliably operationalized for psychiatric patients and seems to have concurrent validity. Both the DMT and the Structural Interview may be used for differential diagnosis of PO.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Axia, Giovanna, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-cultural influences on temperament: A comparison of Italian. Italo-Australian and Anglo-australian toddlers.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Australian psychologist. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0005-0067 .- 1742-9544. ; 27, s. 52-56-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The temperament of three groups of 1- to 3-year-old children from Italy and Australia was compared using Australian and Italian versions of the Toddler Temperament Scale (Fullard, McDevitt,&Carey,1984). Italians, Australians, and Italo-Australians (Italian parent but living in Australia) differed on Intensity, Threshold, Approach, and Persistence dimensions of temperament, in ways which supported the stereotype of the sociable and “emotional” Italian temperament type. Overall, the Australians and the Italians were most different, with the Italo-Australians in between. Developmental differences in all groups were also observed. Mothers’ overall ratings of the child’s temperament was predicted by similar variables in the two Australian groups, but not in the Italian group. The findings support an interactional view of child temperament in its effects on development.
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