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- Wikström, Sverre, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Tactile stimulus and neurohormonal response : A pilot study
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Neuroscience. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0020-7454 .- 1563-5279 .- 1543-5245. ; 113:6, s. 787-793
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of tactile stimuli on plasma oxytocin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) were investigated in 21 volunteers exposed to massage. Blood samples for basal values were drawn immediately before and immediately after finishing the massage. A third sample was drawn after 60 min of restricted rest. On focusing on the difference between oxytocin concentrations before and immediately after massage, we found a sex difference. An opposite sex difference was found for NPY. The results imply that there might be sex-related difference in neurohormonal response to tactile stimuli such as in massage, and the results contradict those of previously reported animal experiments.
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| 3. |
- Morice, A. H., et al.
(författare)
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Expert opinion on the cough hypersensitivity syndrome in respiratory medicine
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 44:5, s. 1132-1148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2011, a European Respiratory Society Task Force embarked on a process to determine the position and clinical relevance of the cough hypersensitivity syndrome, a disorder characterised by troublesome coughing often triggered by low levels of thermal, mechanical or chemical exposure, in the management of patients with chronic cough. A 21-component questionnaire was developed by an iterative process supported by a literature review. 44 key opinion leaders in respiratory medicine were selected and interviewed as to their opinions. There was a high degree of unanimity in the responses obtained, with all opinion leaders supporting the concept of cough hypersensitivity as a clinically useful paradigm. The classic stratification of cough into asthmatic, rhinitic and reflux-related phenotypes was supported. Significant disparity of opinion was seen in the response to two questions concerning the therapy of chronic cough. First, the role of acid suppression in reflux cough was questioned. Secondly, the opinion leaders were split as to whether a trial of oral steroids was indicated to establish a diagnosis of eosinophilic cough. The cough hypersensitivity syndrome was clearly endorsed by the opinion leaders as a valid and useful concept. They considered that support of patients with chronic cough was inadequate and the Task Force recommends that further work is urgently required in this neglected area. ©ERS 2014.
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| 4. |
- van Niel, Ed, et al.
(författare)
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Close to the edge: growth restrained by the NAD(P)H/ATP formation flux ratio
- 2017
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-302X. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most fermentative microorganisms grow well-under anaerobic conditions managing a balanced redox and appropriate energy metabolism, but a few species do exist in which cells have to cope with inadequate energy recovery or capture and/or redox balancing. Two cases of these species, i.e., the metabolically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae enabling it to ferment xylose and Lactobacillus reuteri fermenting glucose via the phosphoketolase pathway, are here used to introduce a quantification parameter to capture what limits the growth rate of these microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. This dimensionless parameter, the cofactor formation flux ratio (RJ), is the ratio between the redox formation flux (JNADH+NADPH), and the energy carrier formation flux (JATP), which are mainly connected to the central carbon pathways. Data from metabolic flux analyses performed in previous and present studies were used to estimate the RJ-values. Even though both microorganisms possess different central pathways, a similar relationship between RJ and the specific growth rate (μ) was found. Furthermore, for both microorganisms external electron acceptors moderately reduced the RJ-value,thereby raising the μ accordingly. Based on the emerging profile of this relationship an interpretation is presented suggesting that this quantitative analysis can be applied beyond the two microbial species experimentally investigated in the current study to provide data for future targeted strain development strategies.
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| 5. |
- Fredén, Annika
(författare)
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Threshold Insurance Voting in PR Systems : A study of voters' strategic behavior in the 2010 Swedish General Election.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Elections, Public Opinion, and Parties. - Abingdon, Storbritannien : Routledge. - 1745-7289 .- 1745-7297. ; 24:4, s. 473-492
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates strategic voting for small parties in proportional representationsystems, in previous work sometimes referred to as threshold insurance voting (Cox,1997). Starting from theories of rational voting (Downs, 1957), three conditions for threshold insurance voting are developed: the voter considers potential government outcomes, votes fora party at risk of falling below an electoral threshold, and votes for another party than his orher most preferred one. The conditions are tested on the case of the 2010 Swedish general election. Using extensive data material and a conditional logit model of vote choice, the resultsshow that in this election voters cast strategic votes for at least one of the small parties, the Christian Democrats which was included in the incumbent government coalition.
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| 9. |
- Karlsson, Andreas, 1977
(författare)
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Ventilation System Design - A Fluid Dynamical Study with Focus on Demand Control
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ventilation corresponds to a large part of the total energy use of a building and a lot of attention has been paid to how to reduce this energy use. However, much of this work on saving energy has been focused on reduction of the airflows and how this in turn reduces the energy use. In this study it is shown that lowered airflows does not automatically result in reduced fan energy. Instead this dissertation is focused on design of large and complex ventilation systems to obtain good function and low energy use, both the prerequisites for the design and actual solutions. In this work the energy use has been mostly limited to fan energy and how to reduce the pressure levels and flow resistances in the ventilation system. Another aspect that has not been widely studied is the interaction between demands and ventilation system design. This becomes important when working to optimise ventilation systems, and especially so for demand controlled ventilation systems.Demand control ventilation, DCV, is a concept that normally refers to a ventilation system with variable airflows. In such a system the airflows are reduced when the demands so permits in order to save energy. This study discusses the concept of DCV from a broader perspective and shows how the demands affect the ventilation system design. In systems with variable airflows pressure levels and pressure losses becomes even more important than in conventional systems with constant airflows.This dissertation is based on measurement studies combined with experiences gathered from building services engineers, manufacturers and so on, literature survey and basic fluid dynamics. Based on these results from the measurements simple models were made and used for simulations. Measurement results and calculations were than analyzed for both the air-conditioning and air distribution systems, using all this information some alternative ventilations system designs are presented and discussed.To show the saving potential for the fan energy with these new designs, calculations were done for an existing ventilation system in a hospital. Based on measurements and design data a basic model for this system was created. This showed that for this representative existing ventilation system it would be possible to save 14 % of the presently used fan energy. With improved motor technology of small fans these savings would increase to 32 %.
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