| 1. |
- Dahal, Pranab, et al.
(författare)
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The prevalence of gender inequalities and violence in the Eastern Nepal
- 2019
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Ingår i: Kathmandu University Medical Journal. - : Kathmandu University. - 1812-2027 .- 1812-2078. ; 17:68, s. 298-305
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Gender inequality and gender based violence is more established in societies with stratification and stronger gender norms. Objective To determine prevalence of gender violence, perception on gender issues and awareness on sexual trafficking and rights among men and women in Morang district of Nepal. Method This cross sectional study was conducted among 810 men and 1190 women in twenty different VDCs of Morang district using self-administered computer based self-interview methods during October-November 2016. Result Male in comparison to female reported more physical abuse during their lifetime. Females (n=259, 21.7%) reported more severe lifetime emotional abuse (n=148, 18.2%) compared to the males. Lifetime severe sexual abuse was reported by a close to five percent (n=95) of both sexes. The severe forms of partner violence include choking, threat or use of weapon and setting on fire was identified to be perpetrated by both the sexes. More than 50% (n=1095) of the respondents had known someone using physical violence against their partner in the community. The involvement of female in key economic decision-making was reported by less than 12%. Nearly 72% (n=1441) were aware of occurrence of sexual trafficking from Nepal while only 46% (n=918) were aware of sexual trafficking occurring from their vicinity. Conclusion The study confirms that despite awareness on gender equality and sexual trafficking, the prevalence of violence and adherence to stronger gender stereotypes, stigmas and roles indicates much need of awareness for establishing equalities and reducing gender violence. © 2019, Kathmandu University. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Joshi, Sunil Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational Health in Small Scale and Household Industries in Nepal : A Situation Analysis
- 2008
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Ingår i: Kathmandu University Medical Journal. - 1812-2027 .- 1812-2078. ; 6:2, s. 152-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Making working conditions safe and healthy is the interest of workers, employers and the Government.Although it seems simple and obvious, this idea has not yet gained meaningful recognition in Nepal.Materials and methods: The study was conducted in ten small scale industries of Kathmandu valley. Altogether 545questionnaires on socioeconomic and occupational history were fi lled up. Similarly, Workplace Occupational HealthAssessment was done in all ten industries. A thorough medical examination of 135 child workers was done using astructured questionnaire to fi nd out the health effects due to occupational hazards.Results: Out of the total 545 workers present in the industries under study, 135 (24.8%) were child workers. Higherproportion of child workers (97%) was illiterate compared to 3% of children with primary level education. Among thechild workers, 23 (17%) were girls. The majority of the child labourers were suffering from conditions like otitis externa,otitis media, scabies, anaemia, upper respiratory diseases, nasal problems, abdominal pain etc.Conclusion: The occupational health and safety practices in small scale industries in Kathmandu have been found to beunsatisfactory. Child labour is a serious problem. Out of ten industries, six have employed child workers and the workingconditions range from bad to terrible. Health and welfare of the child workers was also not satisfactory.
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| 3. |
- Thapa, Dip Raj, et al.
(författare)
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A Qualitative Evaluation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Short Form of the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-13) in Nepali
- 2023
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Ingår i: Kathmandu University Medical Journal. - : Kathmandu University. - 1812-2027 .- 1812-2078. ; 21:82, s. 112-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Sense of Coherence (SOC) relates to an individual’s overall life orientation, and stronger SOC is associated with better health, quality of life, and coping strategies. When our research group used the SOC-13 questionnaire for the first time in Nepal, we identified difficulties in response patterns. The findings necessitated further evaluation of the Nepali version of the SOC-13 questionnaire.Objective To qualitatively evaluate the SOC-13 questionnaire in Nepali for cross-cultural adaptation.Method Nineteen nurses were interviewed. We used the methodological approach of “think aloud” to obtain a deeper understanding of the interferences of the scales. Transcribed materials were analyzed using a deductive approach through qualitative content analysis. The original translated version of the SOC-13 questionnaire in Nepali was modified by replacing words that were easier to understand.Result Participants found the questionnaire content general and non-specific but easy to complete. The nurses experienced that the meanings and sentences in some of the items and response alternatives were difficult to understand. However, the overall comprehensiveness of most items and response alternatives was perceived as good. Nurses’ interpretation of the SOC-items in the translated version of the SOC-13 questionnaire in Nepali matched the original English version. Items that were experienced as difficult in the Nepali language were modified to increase their comprehensiveness. Modified items and response alternatives had the same content as before, but some words and meanings were substituted with easier language.Conclusion The current revised version of SOC-13 in Nepali is valid and useful to explore individuals’ overall life orientation and their abilities to deal and cope with various life events in the Nepalese context.
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| 4. |
- Thapa, Dip Raj, et al.
(författare)
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Determination and evaluation of sense of coherence in women in semi-urban nepal: A part of the heart-health associated research, dissemination, and intervention in the community (hardic) trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: Kathmandu University Medical Journal. - : Kathmandu University. - 1812-2027 .- 1812-2078. ; 19:73, s. 69-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Sense of coherence (SOC) is a core concept of salutogenesis which relates to individuals’ overall life orientation. Stronger SOC associates with better coping strategies, better health, and better quality of life. Although the SOC-questionnaire is validated in many cultures and languages, it has not, to date, been applied in Nepal. Objective To determine and evaluate women’s SOC before and after a health education intervention. Method This study was conducted as a part of the Heart-health Associated Research, Dissemination, and Intervention in the Community in the semi-urban Jhaukhel-Duwakot Health Demographic Surveillance Site in Nepal. Jhaukhel and Duwakot were selected as the control and intervention areas, respectively. Participants were women with children aged 1-7 years. Eight hundred and fifty-seven women before and 1,268 women after the health education intervention participated in the study. The statistical analysis was carried out with chi-square tests and one-way uni-variate ANOVA. Result Women’s total SOC mean values at baseline were 51.1-57.4 and at follow up 54.4-54.9 in the intervention and control area, respectively. At baseline, SOC was significantly weaker in the intervention area compared to the control area (p < 0.001). At follow-up three months later, SOC was significantly stronger in the intervention area than in the control area (p < 0.001). Conclusion Nepalese women had weaker SOC than women in high-income countries, but comparable to neighboring country India with similar cultural features. Empowerment of women through community participation and health education strengthened SOC. The SOC-13-questionnaire in its Nepali version is recommended to be further evaluated. © 2021, Kathmandu University. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Vaidya, Abhinav, et al.
(författare)
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The heart-health associated research, dissemination and intervention in the community (HARDIC) trial for nepalese mothers regarding diet and physical activity : A process evaluation
- 2017
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Ingår i: Kathmandu University Medical Journal. - : Kathmandu University. - 1812-2027 .- 1812-2078. ; 15:58, s. 107-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Mothers with young children in the peri-urban Jhaukhel-Duwakot Health Demographic Surveillance site of Bhaktapur district have misconceptions and poor behavioural practice regarding diet and physical activity. We developed the Heart-health Associated Research, Dissemination and Intervention in the Community trial - a health promotion intervention for mothers. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the intervention’s feasibility, acceptability, potential for transferability and scaling up, and to determine its immediate outcome. Method Duwakot and Jhaukhel were randomly selected as the intervention and control communities, respectively. We trained 47 peer mothers from Duwakot, each of whom gave classes with 10 fellow mothers of their neighbourhood. The process evaluation was carried out on a continuous basis at different points of the intervention held from August to November 2016. Result In round one, the participation and completion rates were both > 90% for peer mothers; and 85% and 70%, respectively, for the fellow mothers. However, the participation rates fell in the round two of the intervention. On the whole, the mothers expressed satisfaction and acceptance of the course content and training modality. Immediate evaluation of the intervention showed improvement of knowledge, attitude and practice of diet and physical activity among both groups of mothers. Conclusion The successful implementation of the intervention targeting diet and physical activity clearly demonstrates the feasibility of health promotional activities in the Nepalese community for improvement of cardiovascular health. © 2017, Kathmandu University. All rights reserved.
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