| 1. |
- Florén, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Additive manufacturing technologies and business models – a systematic literature review
- 2020
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In: Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. - Bingley : Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.. - 1741-038X .- 1758-7786. ; 32:1, s. 136-155
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: This paper reviews research on the intersection between additive manufacturing technologies (AMTs) and business models (BM). The purpose of the review is to synthesize past research for the benefit of researchers, to describe the dominant research themes and aggregated research questions and to identify research gaps in the literature. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review of secondary data was conducted. The 288 publications in the review appeared in peer-reviewed journal articles, conference proceedings papers and book chapters. All publications are listed in this paper by publication year and publication source. The review also distinguishes between empirical and non-empirical studies, describes methodological approaches and categorizes the publications by unit of analysis and by theme. Findings: Research on the intersection between AMT and BM, which has increased significantly in the last three years, reflects firms' and industries' growing interest in digital manufacturing processes. This review identifies twelve dominant themes in the literature that contribute important insights to the field. Aggregated research questions are identified in each theme. Research advances and gaps are presented. Four themes relate directly to BM: (1) BM types, (2) BM and technology, (3) BM design and processes and (4) BM value and supply chains. Originality/value: This review is the first systematic literature review on the intersection between AMT and BM. As such, the review provides a guide for researchers as they explore gaps in the research and develop research questions on an aggregated level. The review also supports users of such technologies as they review their business practices and models in the so-called Digital Revolution.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Hörte, Sven-Åke, et al.
(author)
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Product Development in SMEs : A literature review
- 2008
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In: International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning (IJTIP). - Olney : InderScience Publishers. - 1740-2832 .- 1740-2840. ; 4:3, s. 299-325
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Product Development (PD) in Small and medium-sized Firms (SMEs) is a long-neglected research area, and little cumulative work has been conducted previously. The purpose of this paper is to provide a first overview of the area of PD in SMEs. In doing so, we draw upon a sample of 149 peer-reviewed research papers selected from an initial sample of 5694 papers. The review provides tentative answers to issues such as the analytical and methodological approaches of the papers, which topics or areas of research have been focused on by previous scholars, and what kinds of topics that are well covered.
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| 4. |
- Hörte, Sven-åke, et al.
(author)
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Product development in SMEs : an overview and tentative results
- 2008
-
In: International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning (IJTIP). - 1740-2832 .- 1740-2840. ; 4:3, s. 299-325
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Product Development (PD) in Small and Medium-sized Firms (SMEs) is a long-neglected research area, and little cumulative work has been conducted previously. The purpose of this paper is to provide a first overview of the area of PD in SMEs. In doing so, we draw upon a sample of 149 peer-reviewed research papers selected from an initial sample of 5694 papers. The review provides tentative answers to issues such as the analytical and methodological approaches of the papers, which topics or areas of research have been focused on by previous scholars, and what kinds of topics that are well covered.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Barth, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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A cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogel (Healaflow(®)) as a novel vitreous substitute
- 2016
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In: Graefe's Archives for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology. - : Springer. - 0721-832X .- 1435-702X. ; 254:4, s. 697-703
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Vitrectomy requires the substitution of the natural vitreous, as well as tamponading of retinal breaks. Clinically available alternatives such as gas and silicone oil have side effects such as inflammation, secondary glaucoma, cataract, and a need for head posturing. In this study, a hydrogel of cross-linked sodium hyaluronic acid (Healaflow(®)) is evaluated for use as a novel vitreous substitute.Methods: A combined 25-20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with posterior vitreous detachment was performed in the right eye of twelve pigmented rabbits, with subsequent injection of approximately 1 ml Healaflow(®). Clinical evaluation, measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP), and full-field ERG were performed postoperatively. The rabbits were sacrificed at different time-points between 42 and 105 days. After enucleation, the eyes were examined macroscopically, photographed, and prepared for histological examination with routine microscopy and immunohistochemistry.Results: Healaflow(®) was successfully used with standard surgical procedures and remained translucent but did lose most of its viscosity during the postoperative period. One rabbit was lost due to unrelated causes. In two eyes iatrogenic partial retinal detachments were seen, and in two eyes significant cataract developed due to intra-operative complications. ERG-recordings revealed no toxic effect on rod or cone function. Routine microscopy and immunohistochemistry demonstrated normal morphology with some Müller cell activation (up-regulation of glial acidic fibrillary protein, GFAP) compared to unoperated eyes and no significant DNA-fragmentation (TUNEL-assay).Conclusions: Healaflow® did not affect retinal morphology or function negatively during long-term use as a vitreous substitute, making it highly interesting in this setting. An estimated retention time of a few weeks suggests potential for use as a short-term tamponade. Future work will include an increased ratio of cross-linking to prolong the structural integrity of the gel.
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| 7. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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A Green Lean approach to global competition and climate change in the agricultural sector – A Swedish case study
- 2018
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In: Journal of Cleaner Production. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 204, s. 183-192
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Increased global competition in the agricultural sector is rapidly changing the structure of farms and farming. As the number of small and diversified farms (often family-owned) decreases, the number of large and specialized farms (often corporate-owned) is increasing. In this transformation, the agricultural sector is more and more concerned with strategy, innovation, and competition in the effort to be more productive and more profitable. At the same time, the sector faces demands that it become more environmentally responsible in its policies and practices. This paper proposes a Lean Implementation Framework that small and mid-size farms can use as they aim to increase production and profit and yet support environmental sustainability. This case study takes an action-oriented research approach that focuses on the implementation of a Green Lean approach at 34 Swedish farms using various Lean tools. The paper describes how training sessions, farm visits, workshops, and counseling were used to introduce the farmers to the benefits and risks of the implementation of a new business model that added Green elements to the traditional business model design. The paper concludes with recommendations for adaptations to the Framework and suggestions for future research. © 2018
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| 8. |
- Barth, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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A new model for in vitro testing of vitreous substitute candidates
- 2014
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In: Graefe's Archives for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology. - Hedidelberg, Germany : Springer. - 0721-832X .- 1435-702X. ; 252:10, s. 1581-1592
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: To describe a new model for in vitro assessment of novel vitreous substitute candidates.Methods: The biological impact of three vitreous substitute candidates was explored in a retinal explant culture model; a polyalkylimide hydrogel (Bio-Alcamid (R)), a two component hydrogel of 20 wt.% poly (ethylene glycol) in phosphate buffered saline (PEG) and a cross-linked sodium hyaluronic acid hydrogel (Healaflow (R)). The gels where applied to explanted adult rat retinas and then kept in culture for 2, 5 and 10 days. Gel-exposed explants were compared with explants incubated under standard tissue culture conditions. Cryosections of the specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemical markers (GFAP, Vimentin, Neurofilament 160, PKC, Rhodopsin) and TUNEL.Results: Explants kept under standard conditions as well as PEG-exposed explants displayed disruption of retinal layers with moderate pyknosis of all neurons. They also displayed moderate labeling of apoptotic cells. Bio-Alcamid (R)-exposed explants displayed severe thinning and disruption of retinal layers with massive cell death. Healaflow (R)-treated explants displayed normal retinal lamination with significantly better preservation of retinal neurons compared with control specimens, and almost no signs of apoptosis. Retinas exposed to Healaflow (R) and retinas kept under standard conditions showed variable labeling of GFAP with generally low expression and some areas of upregulation. PEG-exposed retinas showed increased GFAP labeling and Bio-Alcamid (R)-exposed retinas showed sparse labeling of GFAP.Conclusions: Research into novel vitreous substitutes has important implications for both medical and surgical vitreoretinal disease. The in vitro model presented here provides a method of biocompatibility testing prior to more costly and cumbersome in vivo experiments. The explant culture system imposes reactions within the retina including disruption of layers, cell death and gliosis, and the progression of these reactions can be used for comparison of vitreous substitute candidates. Bio-Alcamid (R) had strong adverse effects on the retina which is consistent with results of prior in vivo trials. PEG gel elicits reactions similar to the control retinas whereas Healaflow (R) shows protection from culture-induced trauma indicating favorable biocompatibility.
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| 9. |
- Barth, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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A New Retinal Detachment Treatment Model for Evaluation of Vitreous Tamponades
- 2021
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In: Current Eye Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0271-3683 .- 1460-2202. ; 46:3, s. 373-379
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: To develop a treatment model of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in which the effects of various vitreous tamponades can be explored.METHODS: In a primary session, detachment was produced in the right eye of 24 rabbits using vitrectomy, posterior vitreous detachment, retinal break induction, and subretinal injection of viscoelastic solution. The following day, detachments were treated in 16 eyes using SF6 (n = 8) or Healaflow® (HF, a cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogel, n = 8) tamponade. Animals were followed for 1 month and thereafter examined macroscopically and morphologically in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections.RESULTS: Retinal detachment (RD) was successfully treated using repeated surgery. Two HF eyes developed progressive vitritis and were excluded from further evaluation. Enlargement of the initial retinal rupture with concomitant RD was seen in 4/8 SF6 eyes, while all 6 HF eyes displayed an attached retina. Attached areas showed a normal retinal morphology except for in 1 HF eye with extensive degeneration.CONCLUSIONS: The RRD repeat vitrectomy model offers a possibility to explore the efficacy and complications of novel potential vitreous tamponades. Gel-based Healaflow® displays excellent anatomic reattachment, however, vitritis and retinal degeneration in some cases warrants further investigation.
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| 10. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-
(author)
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Barriers to growth and development in small firms
- 2004
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The purpose of the extended summary is to develop the understanding of the existence and reasons behind barriers to growth and development in small firms. More specifically, four questions are addressed: (1) What do we know about the term barrier, how can it be defined? (2) What types of barriers to growth and development have been identified? (3) How can barriers to growth and development be addressed in a framework? and (4) How do the results of the appended papers (Papers I-V) contribute to the research field of barriers to growth and development?A literature review was undertaken to answer the first two questions. The literature review was conducted in two phases. The conceptual and operational definition of barriers was addressed in the first phase. The results reveal diverse ways of focusing on barriers, which made it necessary to address similar terms, such as problem and causes of business failure in the second phase of the literature review. The different terms used in the papers of the literature review are discussed in order to determine whether or not the understanding of their content is coherent and conceptual. Based on the conceptual understanding and definition of barriers, the different aspects focused on in the literature were discussed, which led to the second question, What are the various aspects of barriers to growth and development?The knowledge gained from the literature review and the development of the understanding of the barrier concept led to the third question, Can barriers to growth and development be addressed in a framework? The discussion takes its starting point in the studies identified in the literature review and is related to some of the appended papers (Papers I and II). Similarities and differences between frameworks used in the papers identified in the literature review are discussed and, based on this knowledge, a framework for barriers to growth and development in small firms is presented. The framework distinguishes two types of barriers, namely internal/external barriers and tangible/intangible barriers.The knowledge available in the reviewed papers within the field of barriers to growth and development in small firms in combination with the results from the appended papers (Papers I-V) resulted in the fourth question. Part of the contribution of the appended papers concerns the operational definition, for example that barriers to innovation should be categorised as either occurring or preventing firms from innovating (Paper II), while other contributions concern specific types of barriers, for example the importance of managerial skills (Paper V). Overall, the contribution focuses on conditional factors, such as strategy and planning, organisation and management, and institution and policy factors, in relation to growth and development.
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| 11. |
- Barth, Henrik
(author)
-
Barriers to growth in small firms
- 1999
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- It has been indicated in literature that growth of small firms is essential for job creation, for the national economy and for development as a whole. In order for small firms to realise their growth potential, it is essential that the small firms manage to overcome various barriers to growth along the way. These barriers that hinder the growth of small firms are discussed and analysed in this extended summary. The extended summary pinpoints the general barriers to growth identified in literature and develops further knowledge of dominant barriers to growth in small firms. It is argued in the extended summary that lack of appropriate change of the organisation structure as the firm's size increases, is to be regarded as a dominant barrier to growth. When the small firm has a simple structure it is usually the small business manager that controls most of the activities within the firm, but when the organisation size increases it is important that also control and responsibility are differentiated among various functions. This internal change in the firm demands different and formal ways of co-ordinating the venture. This study indicates that the small business manager does not delegate responsibilities and decision-making to various functions until the number of employees has reached a certain level. This threshold value indicates a distinctive barrier in the simultaneous growth in size and differentiation of a small firm. A small firm encounters a barrier when the organisation size no longer matches its current structure. A small firm may have a very simple and informal structure, but when the number of employees grows, so will the need to differentiate and specialise the way in which work is done. It has also been argued in this extended summary that there is a relationship between firm performance and organisation structure. From this point of view, the small business manager will not only face problems with co-ordination and control as the firm size increases: his/her firm will also perform worse than firms that recognise the importance of structural implications when the number of employees increases.
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| 12. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Biomass – a Resource for Sustainability? A Literature Review of Business Models
- 2022
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In: Proceedings IFKAD. - : Insitute of Knowledge Asset Management (IKAM). - 9788896687154 ; , s. 289-311
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The research on business model innovation in certain business energy sectors is limited. This paper, which reviews the business model literature in the biomass energy sector, identifies trends as well as challenges and complications in the use of biomass. We used seven data bases to search for relevant international, peer-reviewed research on business models and biomass. In our initial database search, we identified 287 relevant articles published in the years 1990 to 2020. After elimination of duplicate articles, we had a collection of 170 articles. We used Zotero software to refine our search. After application of our criteria, 146 articles remained. Further analysis reduced our review to 95 articles that had a theoretical focus on business models and biomass. Our review presents various data for the articles including author affiliation by country, article publication date, article title, journal of publication, journal impact factor, country of empirical data, unit of analysis. research methodology, and topics addressed. Additionally, our review reveals trends (e.g., research/practice challenges and implications) in the study of business models and the biomass energy sector as reflected in the reviewed articles. To our knowledge, this is the first literature review of peer-reviewed journal articles on business models and the biomass industry. By limiting our final review to the 95 theoretical articles we identified, we provide researchers and practitioners with sources of recent discussions and analyses on the trends, challenges, and implications related to the use of biomass in energy production.
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| 13. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Busniess values and motives of immigrant agricultural entrepreneurs in Sweden
- 2019
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In: Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference "Economic science for rural development 2019" No 50. - Jelgava : University of Latvia Press. - 9789984483207 ; , s. 21-28
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The agri-food sector in Sweden, as in much of Europe, faces dramatic pressure to promote entrepreneurship, especially in rural areas where population aging and population decline pose grave economic threats to local communities. One solution is the government policy of supporting the entrepreneurial ambitions of newly arrived immigrants. The policy is seen as doubly beneficial: support for rural areas and support for immigrants not yet prepared to enter the regular workforce. Immigrant entrepreneurship seems to have the potential to lessen the harmful effects of current socio-economic challenges. This paper examines the immigrant entrepreneurship experience in the agri-food sector in Sweden. A qualitative research approach is used to evaluate interviews with 25 immigrant entrepreneurs on the various factors that motivated them to become self-employed entrepreneurs. The main factors are the lack of other employment opportunities, the desire for work autonomy and flexibility, and the chance for a better standard of living. The results show that personal characteristics and previous entrepreneurship experience are the best predictors of business success. The paper concludes with a call for a model for immigrant entrepreneurship and for more government reforms and policies aimed at supporting the immigrant entrepreneur.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-
(author)
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Diversity as a competitive advantage? A case study of Immigrant Labour in Swedish Agriculture
- 2018
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In: Journal of Leadership, Accountability and Ethics. - West Palm Beach, FL : North American Business Press. - 1913-8059. ; 15:4, s. 130-137
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates cultural diversity as means to business sustainability and competitive advantage for entrepreneurs in the agricultural sector. 80 agricultural entrepreneurs have been addressed in this study, which include face-to-face meetings between entrepreneurs and candidates for employment.While supportive of the idea of cultural diversity as a beneficial element of business sustainability, most farmers stated they lacked both the time and the resources to manage the issues associated with immigrant workers. However, lack of organisational changes and managerial skills can also be a potential barrier for integration when the farm address growth and employment ambitions.
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| 17. |
- Barth, Henrik
(author)
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Does the Fit Between Competitive Strategy and Administrative Mechanisms Lead to Superior Performance?
- 2000
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- At least two different administrative mechanisms are available for the small business manager to develop and pursue a competitive strategy. One refers to managerial skills needed to implement and follow the competitive strategy chosen by the firm. The other refers to the design of organisation structure i.e. how job tasks are divided, grouped and coordinated. This paper argues that the fit between the competitive strategy followed by a firm and the utilisation of the administrative mechanisms is associated with superior performance of the firm.
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| 18. |
- Barth, Henrik
(author)
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Experimental Vitreous Substitution
- 2018
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Blindness and visual disability are common following vitreoretinal pathologies such as open globe injury, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). These conditions often necessitate surgical intervention using vitrectomy with a tamponading vitreous substitute. However, current tamponades are all associated with complications such as inflammation, cataract, glaucoma, and optic nerve atrophy. Translation of new vitreous substitutes into clinical use has proven to be challenging, due to a lack of a comprehensive methodology and numerous requirements; bio-compatibility and clinical.In this thesis, we explore several novel vitreous substitutes using newly developed methods with the ultimate goal of clinical translation.First, in an in vitro adult rat retinal explant culture assay, polyethylene glycol, and Bio-Alcamid® gels provoked retinal degeneration, while a cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogel, Healaflow®, matched, and even surpassed the preservation of structure when compared with medium only. Secondly, Healaflow® used as a vitreous substitute in an in vivo rabbit vitrectomy model revealed practical usability and favorable bio- compatibility. In a third study, vitreous substitutes with disparate biocompatibility profiles (silicone oil, Healaflow®, Bio-Alcamid®, and BSS) elicited different patterns of intrinsic and extrinsic retinal inflammation in vivo. Finally, a new rabbit repeat vitrectomy RRD-model revealed excellent tamponading effect of the Healaflow® gel.The combination of the presented in vivo and in vitro methods comprise a new paradigm in translational development of novel vitreous substitutes. Healaflow® stands out as a promising candidate for future clinical use as a vitreous substitute.
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| 19. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-
(author)
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Fabrication Laboratory as the Learning Environment for Higher Education
- 2019
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In: The 10th International Multi-Conferences on Complexity, Informatics and Cybernetics. March 12-15, Orlando, Florida, USA. - Orlando : International Institute of Informatics and Systemics. - 9781950492039 ; , s. 194-196
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a growing trend of using digital production, such as additive manufacturing, in direct consumer markets. Digital production enables new and advanced tools, which provide shorter development time and lower cost for manufacturing. In this paper we focus on the education and learning environment for digital production and prototyping at a fabrication laboratory (FabLab). FabLab (Fabrication Laboratory) is a small-scale innovation space offering digital fabrication and production. A FabLab is, among many things, a platform for learning and exchanging experience when experimenting and developing new solutions. FabLabs bring together students, researchers and teachers as well as industrial partners in a single physical location for the purposes of designing, prototyping, and do-it-yourself manufacturing. This explorative and creative environment provide insights to knowledge creation, based on the constructive learning theory, which address active involvement by the participants. To take full advantage of this creative learning environment, aspects such as student characteristics, the nature of the subject matter, and the teaching carried out by the staff, also needs to be addressed. © 2019 International Institute of Informatics and Systemics
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| 20. |
- Barth, Henrik
(author)
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Fit among competitive strategy, administrative mechanisms, and performance : A comparative study of small firms in mature and new industries
- 2003
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In: Journal of small business management (Print). - Hoboken : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0047-2778 .- 1540-627X. ; 41:2, s. 133-147
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- At least two different administrative mechanisms are available for the small business manager to develop and to pursue a competitive strategy. One refers to managerial skills needed to implement and to follow the competitive strategy chosen by the firm. The other refers to the design of organization structure - that is, how job tasks are divided, grouped, and coordinated. This paper argues that the fit among the competitive strategy followed by a firm, the utilization of the administrative mechanisms, and the performance of the firm is related to industry maturity.
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| 21. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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From Traditional Manufacturing to Digital Manufacturing : Two Swedish Case Studies
- 2023
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In: Innovation - Research and Development for Human, Economic and Institutional Growth. - Rijeka : InTech. - 9781837689965 - 9781837689972 - 9781837689989
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Digital manufacturing can produce new and advanced tools more rapidly and at lower cost than traditional manufacturing. This new technology means manufacturers need to develop innovative business models adapted to this change in the manufacturing landscape. With digital manufacturing, companies have both an opportunity and a challenge. They can enter new markets where large-scale production provides competitive advantage. They can enter niche markets that become more attractive as old boundaries and structures lose relevance. Yet their additive manufactured components must meet the same standards set for conventional manufactured components. However, we know little about how companies manage this change as they make the transition from traditional manufacturing to digital manufacturing. This chapter presents two co-creation digital manufacturing projects between university researchers and Swedish companies. In each project, the goal was to develop sustainable and efficient digital production methods that offer tailor-made product solutions. Various technical methods used in the projects are described as materials, and prototypes are developed, tested, and analyzed.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Harder Than You Think – Immigrant Labor Market Integration in Agricultural Sector
- 2023
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In: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. - Aarhus : VIA University College. - 2245-0157. ; 13:1, s. 27-48
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The recent forced migration to Europe has created more challenges for the labor market integration. However, the Swedish government encourages unemployed immigrants to seek employment in the farming, gardening, and forestry industries. Thus, this article focuses on the matching process in the Swedish agricultural sector by using an exploratory, qualitative, in-depth interview with representatives involved in the matching process. Immigrants experience challenges of Swedish language proficiency, lacking a driving license and adapting to new cultures in the workplace, while employers attribute challenges of effective hiring process and the absence of evidence of immigrants’ work experience. Furthermore, the employment service offices struggle with scant knowledge of agricultural employment that needs to be combined with limited contact with employers and the bureaucratic delays caused by requirements of qualifications validation. The paper concludes with a Labour Market Matching Model, which focuses on critical aspects before, during, and after the matching process.
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| 24. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Immigrant entrepreneurship in Sweden : The liability of newness
- 2020
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In: Sustainability. - Basel : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 12:16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Immigrant entrepreneurs face many challenges in the various early phases of their companies' existence. These challenges are often referred to as "the liability of newness". While some of these challenges are common to all entrepreneurs, the immigrant entrepreneur has an additional set of challenges. This article describes those challenges in the immigrant entrepreneurial experience in the Swedish agri-food industry. A qualitative research design is used. Interviews were conducted with 25 immigrant entrepreneurs who planned a business, had started a business, or had exited a business. Various websites and tax reports provided secondary data. The research, which covered a two-year time frame, identifies the strategies and actions the immigrant entrepreneurs adopted and used to try to overcome those challenges. The following strategies and actions were identified: use of business support, virtual embeddedness, family and ethnic groups, entrepreneurial experience, and niche markets. The companies in which the entrepreneurs recognized the gravity of those challenges early in their life cycle were more likely to survive beyond the start-up phase. The article, which also reviews much of the current literature on immigrant entrepreneurship, has implications for business support advisory services and policymakers who are involved in the effort to achieve economic (and social-cultural) integration of immigrants into their host countries. © 2020 by the authors.
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| 25. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-
(author)
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Immigrant Labour in Swedish Agriculture : A Sustainable Business Model Innovation
- 2018
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates cultural diversity as means to business sustainability and competitive advantage for entrepreneurs in the agricultural sector. The paper focuses on challenges and barriers in immigrant workforce integration as revealed by a year-long project conducted among farmers in the region of Halland (on Sweden’s southwest coast). The paper reports on a matchmaking project between farmers seeking employees and job seekers (immigrants) seeking employment. The project began with interviews with 80 farmers and continued with an exploratory meeting with 42 farmers, four discussion meetings with 16 farmers, and face-to-face meetings between farmers and candidates for employment. The project concluded with follow-up interviews with the 42 farmers. While 42 of the 80 farmers were interested in exploring the benefits of immigrant workforce integration, the others (53%) declined further participation in the project. Ultimately, one farmer hired three immigrants. While supportive of the idea of cultural diversity as a beneficial element of business sustainability, most farmers stated they lacked both the time and the resources to manage the issues associated with immigrant workers such as their lack of technical and mechanical skills, and the language differences.
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| 26. |
- Barth, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Inflammatory responses after vitrectomy with vitreous substitutes in a rabbit model
- 2019
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In: Graefe's Archives for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology. - : Springer. - 0721-832X .- 1435-702X. ; 257:4, s. 769-783
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: To investigate the inflammatory response of current and future potential vitreous substitutes in an experimental in vivo vitrectomy model.METHODS: Twenty-five gauge pars plana vitrectomy was performed in the right eye of 60 pigmented rabbits, with subsequent injection of 0.5-1.0 ml of Healaflow® (cross-linked hyaluronic acid, n = 12), Bio-Alcamid® (polyalkylimide, n = 8), silicone oil (n = 12), or balanced saline solution (BSS, n = 28). Postoperative clinical evaluation was performed; and the rabbits were sacrificed at 1 day, 1 week, or 1 month. The eyecups were then examined macroscopically; the retinas sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (Htx), and immunohistochemically labeled for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), CD45, galectin-3, CD68, and CD20. Unoperated left eyes from treated animals as well as eyes from untreated animals were used as controls.RESULTS: Vitrectomy without major complications was achieved in 46/60 eyes. The remaining 14 eyes were analyzed separately. One eye developed endophthalmitis after 1 week and was excluded. Eyes treated with Healaflow®, silicone oil, and BSS had a comparable appearance macroscopically and in Htx-stained sections, whereas Bio-Alcamid®-injected eyes exhibited increased macroscopic inflammation and severely affected retinas. GFAP upregulation was present in all treatment groups, most prominent in eyes treated with Bio-Alcamid® and silicone oil. Upregulation of CD45 and CD68 in the inner retina and vitreous space was most prominent with Bio-Alcamid® treatment, and these eyes together with their silicone oil-treated counterparts also displayed a stronger upregulation of CD20-labeled cells compared with remaining groups. General upregulation of galectin-3, mainly in the inner retina, was found in all groups. In eyes with perioperative complications, labeling of CD45, CD68, and especially GFAP was comparably high.CONCLUSIONS: We here describe differences in the postsurgery inflammatory profiles of existing and potential vitreous substitutes. Bio-Alcamid® and silicone oil display severe signs of gliosis and inflammation, whereas Healaflow® elicits minimal reactions comparable with BSS, highlighting its potential application as a vitreous substitute in a future clinical setting.
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| 27. |
- Barth, Henrik, et al.
(author)
-
Managerial barriers to growth in Sweden
- 1999
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper focuses on the situation when a firm moves from being an entrepreneurially managed firm to a professionally managed firm. A small firm may have a very simple structure, but when the number of employees grow, so will the need to differentiate and specialise the way work is done. During that transformation, when the organisation and the management principals are changed, leading to a temporary slack of control of the firm, a decrease of economic performance is hypothesised.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Refugee entrepreneurship in the agri-food industry : The Swedish experience
- 2021
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In: Journal of Rural Studies. - Oxford : Elsevier. - 0743-0167 .- 1873-1392. ; 86, s. 189-197
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Following the recent mass migration of refugees to the European Union in 2015 and 2016, many EU countries took significant steps aimed at improving the socio-economic integration of the refugees. This study examines refugee entrepreneurship in rural areas in Sweden as evidenced in the agri-food industry. Entrepreneurship is often considered a sustainable activity that can promote refugees' economic independence and social integration. The rural setting offers promising employment opportunities for refugees with agricultural backgrounds or interest. Qualitative research methodology, based on 25 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with refugees, is used to examine refugee entrepreneurs’ experiences in the various phases of the entrepreneurial process, from start-up and growth to success/exit. The study found that refugee entrepreneurs are motivated and challenged variously as they start and operate their entrepreneurial activities. For example, they are motivated by the discovery of niche markets, previous entrepreneurial experience, and the availability of family and government support. Challenges include legislative hurdles, management and technical problems, and insufficient financial and other support. Factors both within and outside their control influence the survival of their entrepreneurship. © 2021
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| 30. |
- Barth, Henrik, et al.
(author)
-
Strategy, Structure and Technology as Influential Factors on Performance in SME´s
- 1999
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Significant literature has focused the relationship between performance and the use of technology, strategy and structure in small and medium sized enterprises (SME); either separately or considering the interaction of some of these three issues at the same time.This paper, however, tries to develop a better knowledge of how structure, strategy, technology relates to the firm size as an aspect of firm performance. The survey study consists of 330 service and manufacturing small firms in Sweden with up to 200 employees.
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| 31. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
-
Sustainable Development for Food Waste : A Case Study of Catered Meal Service at Schools and Elderly Care homes
- 2019
-
In: Journal of Strategic Innovation and Sustainability. - West Palm Beach, FL : North American Business Press. - 1718-2077. ; 14:2, s. 21-34
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Food waste is an important topic in the context of sustainable development. Although many studies have addressed this topic, there is still limited knowledge owing to insufficient data. This study reports on food waste in two institutional settings in a Swedish municipality: schools and elderly care homes. The findings suggest it is easier to measure and reduce food waste in stable environments, such as exist at schools, than at environments characterized by change and unpredictability, such as exist at elderly care homes. Specific areas examined and compared include cooking and receiving kitchens, infrastructure, communications, and support. © North American Business Press.
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| 32. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
-
The use and abuse of 3D-printing from a business model perspective
- 2016
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper analyses changes in user activities and behaviour across different types of actors following the introduction of 3D printers. 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, has been claimed to disrupt manufacturing, allowing firms to move from prototyping to full-scale end-part production and replacement part production in a one-step process. 3D printing has many different uses, for example, the manufacturing of toys, shoes, lamps and fashion accessories, and by implication many different types of users and buyers. There are few empirical studies on the types of uses and users of 3D, hampering our understanding in what ways the 3D printers may change the behaviour of users, and whether 3D printers affect the likelihood and the nature of entrepreneurship or business model innovation. To investigate this, a model was created based on the 3DP literature. The model is applied on a distributor customer database and four interview-based illustrative case studies. The empirical findings show that the use of 3DP a) lowers the knowledge and resource barriers for experimentation and entrepreneurial entry, b) increases product and concept prototyping in product development, c) provides a potential for business model innovation by expanding the boundaries of the firm upstream and downstream, and d) becomes a ticket for entrepreneurial entry. Based on our results, the paper suggests that the potential of 3D printers alter user innovative activities is high but most of the potential is latent.
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| 33. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
-
The use and abuse of 3D printing - Towards a mobile business model framework
- 2019
-
In: International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications. - Ghaziabad : International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications. - 2248-9622. ; 9:11, s. 1-9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper aim to clarify changes in user activities and behaviour across different types of actors following the development of 3D printers. It proposes a mobile business model and outlining the features of development for direct digital manufacturing.The exploratory study show that the use of 3D printing a) lowers the knowledge and resource barriers for experimentation and entrepreneurial entry, b) increases product and concept prototyping in product development, c) provides a potential for business model innovation by expanding the boundaries of the firm upstream and downstream, and d) becomes a ticket for entrepreneurial entry
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| 34. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-
(author)
-
Tillväxthinder i mindre företag
- 2001. - 1
-
In: Tillväxtföretagen i Sverige. - Stockholm : SNS förlag. - 9171508376 ; , s. 234-249
-
Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 35. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
-
Towards a Conceptual Framework of Sustainable Business Model Innovation in the Agri-Food Sector : A Systematic Literature Review
- 2017
-
In: Sustainability. - Basel : M D P I AG. - 2071-1050. ; 9:9
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper aims to increase our understanding of sustainable business model innovation in the agri-food sector in terms of its theoretical and practical approaches for sustainability and their degree of complexity and maturity. The paper is based on a systematic literature review of 570 journal articles on business models and business model innovation published between 1990 and 2014. Of these articles, only 21 have business model innovation as their main focus. The review shows that research interest in the agri-food sector has increased in these years. The paper proposes a conceptual framework for sustainable business model innovation in the agri-food sector that can be used to meet the challenges encountered in taking a sustainability perspective. © 2017 by the authors
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| 36. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
-
Towards a Mass Customised Healthcare - Healthcareprofessionals Experience of AI
- 2024
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A growing and aging population provides challenges for the healthcare sector, generating higher healthcare costs, and ineffective work process that results in long patient queues and problems with recruiting and retaining healthcare professionals. Artificial intelligence (AI) is considered as one means to provide efficient processes for healthcare professionals, e.g. in diagnostics and treatment recommendations. However, research has shown that there are many obstacles to successfully introducing and using AI applications in healthcare, especially by focusing on the organizational level. However, individual healthcare professionals have an important role to play in the transition towards information driven healthcare. Therefore, we address the healthcare professionals' perception of the usefulness and value of AI applications, as well as challenges and considerations of this new technology. The study is based on an exploratory approach with more than 350 healthcare professionals in Sweden, carried out beginning of 2024. The questionnaire includes perceptions of the use of AI and identifies potential challenges that need to be addressed. The respondents include doctors (92%) and nurses (8%). The sample consists of answers from 221 (62%) male and 136 (38%) female respondents. Most of the respondents work in public hospitals (54%) and health centers (20% public and 14% private). Several AI applications are used by healthcare professionals, spanning from administrative work reduction to new insights in the analysis of complex cases.Thematic analysis is conducted to create a model of perception of usefulness, values and problems (barriers). The analysis includes a stepwise analysis to identify patterns and themes.The results from the project provide insights into how the introduction of AI applications in healthcare changes the work of healthcare professionals and the perceived challenges that need to be addressed to improve their work by using AI. To some extent, implementation and use is based on healthcare professionals’ interest in using new advanced technology but for others the decision to adopt AI is primarily based on formal decisions within the organization. Respondents that have been using AI for at least six months, indicate AI supports decision making, with the main benefit consisting of a more effective and faster work process, while other respondents do not perceive any changes. A surprising result is that healthcare professionals have identified the possibility to test and evaluate new ideas and more complex cases. One interpretation is that AI has made the workload easier, which may allow for more innovative work. Another interpretation is that their experience-based knowledge is augmented by AI, and this makes it possible for them to handle more complex cases. However, others experience a learning paradox – challenging to find time and learn how to use the technology, while at the same time adopting by testing AI applications.Conclusions drawn from the ongoing study provide insights on the transformation phase towards implementing and using AI applications in healthcare.
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| 37. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
-
Unpacking sustainable business models in the Swedish agricultural sector – the challenges of technological, social and organisational innovation
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Cleaner Production. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 304
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The global challenges of today are many, and one of the most concerning aspects relates to food production for an increasing global population. The sustainability of doing ‘more of the same thing’ is being increasingly called into question. Several sustainable business model frameworks have been presented in recent years to address these challenges, but our knowledge is limited about the change processes of the agricultural sector. This paper aims to increase our understanding of how sustainable business models have developed in the agricultural sector in Sweden. It maps eight archetypes of sustainable business models, clustered in three groups, with a focus on the technological, social, and organisational innovation components at agri-food companies. The study takes a quantitative, methodological approach, conducting a telephone survey with owners and managers of 1143 agri-food companies in Sweden, and using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the analysis. The paper provides empirical evidence on the various options for sustainable business models that Swedish agri-food companies use. No major differences were found with respect to technical or social innovation components in the three regions: East, south, and north Sweden. However, significant differences were found between the regions with respect to the organisational innovation component. The organisational innovation component is based on two sustainable business model archetypes, namely, repurpose for society/environment and develop scale up solutions. North Sweden had a higher degree of organisational innovation than both south and east Sweden. The reason for this could be the larger environmental, economic, and organizational challenges in north Sweden compared to the rest of the country, which makes the need for innovation stronger. The paper also suggests new areas for researchers and practical avenues for stakeholders in the agricultural sector (and other industries) to translate social and environmental value creation into economic profit and competitive advantage. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use sustainable business model archetypes in an empirical setting in the agricultural sector. © 2021 The Authors
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| 38. |
- Barth, Julia M.I., et al.
(author)
-
Genome architecture enables local adaptation of Atlantic cod despite high connectivity
- 2017
-
In: Molecular Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 26:17, s. 4452-4466
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Adaptation to local conditions is a fundamental process in evolution; however, mechanisms maintaining local adaptation despite high gene flow are still poorly understood. Marine ecosystems provide a wide array of diverse habitats that frequently promote ecological adaptation even in species characterized by strong levels of gene flow. As one example, populations of the marine fish Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) are highly connected due to immense dispersal capabilities but nevertheless show local adaptation in several key traits. By combining population genomic analyses based on 12K single nucleotide polymorphisms with larval dispersal patterns inferred using a biophysical ocean model, we show that Atlantic cod individuals residing in sheltered estuarine habitats of Scandinavian fjords mainly belong to offshore oceanic populations with considerable connectivity between these diverse ecosystems. Nevertheless, we also find evidence for discrete fjord populations that are genetically differentiated from offshore populations, indicative of local adaptation, the degree of which appears to be influenced by connectivity. Analyses of the genomic architecture reveal a significant overrepresentation of a large ~5 Mb chromosomal rearrangement in fjord cod, previously proposed to comprise genes critical for the survival at low salinities. This suggests that despite considerable connectivity with offshore populations, local adaptation to fjord environments may be enabled by suppression of recombination in the rearranged region. Our study provides new insights into the potential of local adaptation in high gene flow species within fine geographical scales and highlights the importance of genome architecture in analyses of ecological adaptation.
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| 39. |
- Barth, Maren S., et al.
(author)
-
Emergency exit layout planning using optimization and agent-based simulation
- 2024
-
In: Computational Management Science. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1619-697X .- 1619-6988. ; 21:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Evacuation preparedness includes ensuring proper infrastructure, resources and planning for moving people from a dangerous area to safety. This is especially important and challenging during mass gatherings, such as large concerts. In this paper, we present the Emergency Exit Layout Problem (EELP) which is the problem of locating a given number of emergency exits and deciding their width such that the time it takes to evacuate the crowd from an arena is minimized. The EELP takes into account the geography of the arena and its surroundings, as well as the number of pedestrians in the crowd and the distribution of these within the arena. The EELP is formulated as a two-stage stochastic mixed integer linear program to handle the uncertainty related to the location of the possible incidents and the distribution of the pedestrians. Two cases are studied, a large concert planned at the Leangen trotting track in Trondheim and a smaller indoor arena. For each case, the EELP is solved for different scenarios, and the suggested layouts are evaluated using an agent-based simulation model. In particular, the potential of incorporating detailed assessment regarding the location and probability of specific incidents and the distribution of pedestrians are investigated. The computational study shows that making a more detailed risk assessment has little effect on the large concert, but a significant impact on the location of the emergency exits for the smaller indoor case. The results also indicate that it is more important to consider the location and probability of specific incidents rather than the pedestrian distribution.
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| 40. |
- Bernhardt, A. M., et al.
(author)
-
A unified classification approach rating clinical utility of protein biomarkers across neurologic diseases
- 2023
-
In: Ebiomedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3964. ; 89
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A major evolution from purely clinical diagnoses to biomarker supported clinical diagnosing has been occurring over the past years in neurology. High-throughput methods, such as next-generation sequencing and mass spectrometry-based proteomics along with improved neuroimaging methods, are accelerating this development. This calls for a consensus framework that is broadly applicable and provides a spot-on overview of the clinical validity of novel biomarkers. We propose a harmonized terminology and a uniform concept that stratifies biomarkers according to clinical context of use and evidence levels, adapted from existing frameworks in oncology with a strong focus on (epi) genetic markers and treatment context. We demonstrate that this framework allows for a consistent assessment of clinical validity across disease entities and that sufficient evidence for many clinical applications of protein biomarkers is lacking. Our framework may help to identify promising biomarker candidates and classify their applications by clinical context, aiming for routine clinical use of (protein) biomarkers in neurology. Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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| 41. |
- De Rosa, Mattia, et al.
(author)
-
Technologies and Strategies to Support Energy Transition in Urban Building and Transportation Sectors
- 2023
-
In: Energies. - Basel : MDPI. - 1996-1073. ; 16:11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- More than half of the world population live in urban settlements which are responsible for a large share of energy consumption and, consequently, carbon emissions. The transition towards a more sustainable urban environment requires a change in paradigm in terms of how we design and manage our cities. Urban areas require innovative technologies and strategies to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions, and to be included in comprehensive plans encompassing all technical, social and economic dimensions which characterise cities. This involves the transformation of urban contexts, with a focus on local and urban-level mitigation measures, such as the construction of positive energy buildings, deployment of renewable energy, promotion of a sustainable mobility, creation of resilient urban infrastructure, implementation of circular economy and recycling practices, etc. The present article provides a perspective on the sustainable energy transition in cities, focusing on the building and transportation sectors. Furthermore, insights on supporting mechanisms and innovative management strategies are presented. © 2023 by the authors.
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| 42. |
- Grönbeck, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(author)
-
Oxygen Adsorption on Graphene-Encapsulated Palladium Nanoparticles Imaged by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy
- 2019
-
In: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 123:40, s. 24615-24625
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Graphene-encapsulated metal nanoparticles (G@NPs) offer a possibility to observe confined reactions in the nanocontainer formed by the NP's facets and graphene. However, direct experimental detection of adsorbed atomic and molecular species under the graphene cover is still challenging, and the mechanisms of intercalation and adsorption are not well understood. Here, we show that Kelvin probe force microscopy can largely contribute to the understanding of adsorption and desorption at the single NP level, which we exemplify by comparing oxygen adsorption experiments obtained at as-prepared PdNPs and G@PdNPs, both supported on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and studied under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. We show that oxygen adsorption at room temperature occurs at a much higher partial oxygen pressure on G@PdNPs compared to as-prepared PdNPs. Similarly, the removal of oxygen via a reaction with the residual gas of the UHV is slower on the G@PdNPs compared to as-prepared PdNPs. The differences can be explained by a limited facility for reactant and product molecules to enter and desorb from the nanocontainer via the defects of the graphene. Experimental observations are supported by assisting density functional theory calculations.
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| 43. |
- Grönbeck, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(author)
-
Revealing Carbon Phenomena at Palladium Nanoparticles by Analyzing the Work Function
- 2019
-
In: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 123:7, s. 4360-4370
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Carbon at metal nanoparticles (NPs) plays a fundamental role in heterogeneous catalysis. However, as experimental detection of small amounts of carbon is difficult, in particular when occupying subsurface sites, reaction mechanisms involving absorbed carbon are highly debated. Here, we show that the work function (WF) of metal NPs can be used as a measure of carbon adsorption and absorption, which we demonstrate by Kelvin probe force microscopy and density functional theory calculations for (111)-faceted palladium NPs (PdNPs) on graphite. Growth of PdNPs between 150 and 480 °C leads to carbon etching of the graphite steps and carbon absorption into the first subsurface layer below the NP's facets. This strongly reduces the WF of Pd(111) by up to -1 eV. During a 1 h long postannealing at 650 °C, more carbon is etched from the graphite steps, leading to a carbon precursor structure adsorbed on the NP's facets, as verified by scanning tunneling microscopy. The carbonaceous structures are replaced by graphene upon further annealing (1 to 2 h), followed by a decrease in the WF by ∼-1.4 eV. Similar phenomena are observed after short-time ethylene decomposition at PdNPs at 650 °C. Apart from subsurface carbon, we suggest that the large WF shifts observed experimentally could be attributed to structural defects on NP's facets.
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| 44. |
- Halvarsson Lundkvist, Agneta, et al.
(author)
-
Conditions Enabling Development in National Lean Programmes
- 2016
-
In: Leadership & Organization Development Journal. - 0143-7739 .- 1472-5347.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this article is to identify work practices and activities at programme and local levels which constitute conditions that enable development in workplace development programmes (WPDPs). These are introduced by public agencies as change agents that provide the resources for local organizational change. Design/methodology/approach – The study constituted separate interactive research projects in three WPDPs conducted through a total of 256 interviews and documentation from meetings. The findings were compared in a qualitative content analysis. Findings – The outcomes of development processes in the programmes and local Lean implementation are enabled by the interplay of three conditions: a) organized learning activities with the stakeholders involved, b) key stakeholders’ active ownership and c) support for employee participation. The three conditions thus support programme management in leading the programme development processes. Research limitations/implications - The findings operationalize broad theoretical concepts. However, the research projects involved were not originally designed for this comparative study, which created some difficulties when performing the analysis. The longitudinal design and vast amount of data partly compensate for this. Practical implications – This knowledge will be helpful in the formation of new WPDPs that support local organizational development and for those who lead such processes. Originality/value – The novelty of the findings is the operationalization of broad theoretical concepts, such as the conditions that support development programmes. Moreover, this article shows a set of work practices and activities that management may be used in organizing WPDPs.
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| 45. |
- Helmfors, Henrik
(author)
-
Cell-penetrating peptides : an uptake mechanism & a new endosomolytic peptide
- 2013
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Peptide-based drugs have slowly begun migrating from laboratories into pharmacies and now there are several on the market. However, currently only one gene based therapy that is relies on a viral delivery vector has been approved. The long-term goal of our research is to leverage the cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) technology into a potent, safe and simple delivery vector for oligonucleotide (ON) based therapies.Cell-penetrating peptides have been actively researched for more than 20 years, and many CPPs have been discovered. However, it is not fully understood how the peptides are able to enter cells. In this thesis we present a novel receptor for CPP:ON complexes. Pharmacological inhibition and siRNA knockdown of the class A scavenger receptors (SCARAs) demonstrate that these receptors are the main pathway by which CPP:ON complexes are taken up. As the intracellular fate of particles taken up by (receptor mediated) endocytosis is entrapment in endosomes this thesis also presents a new peptide for ON delivery that has endosomolytic properties. Additionally this new peptide (PepFect 15) is also taken up via receptor-mediated endocytosis by the SCARAs.
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| 46. |
- Irgang dos Santos, Luís Fernando, Doctoral Candidate in Innovation Sciences, 1989-, et al.
(author)
-
Data-Driven Technologies as Enablers for Value Creation in the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections : a Systematic Review
- 2023
-
In: Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research. - Cham : Springer. - 2509-4971 .- 2509-498X. ; 7, s. 1-41
-
Research review (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Despite the advances in modern medicine, the use of data-driven technologies (DDTs) to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs) remains a major challenge. Scholars recognise that data management is the next frontier in infection prevention, but many aspects related to the benefits and advantages of using DDTs to mitigate SSI risk factors remain unclear and underexplored in the literature. This study explores how DDTs enable value creation in the prevention of SSIs. This study follows a systematic literature review approach and the PRISMA statement to analyse peer-reviewed articles from seven databases. Fifty-nine articles were included in the review and were analysed through a descriptive and a thematic analysis. The findings suggest a growing interest in DDTs in SSI prevention in the last 5 years, and that machine learning and smartphone applications are widely used in SSI prevention. DDTs are mainly applied to prevent SSIs in clean and clean-contaminated surgeries and often used to manage patient-related data in the postoperative stage. DDTs enable the creation of nine categories of value that are classified in four dimensions: cost/sacrifice, functional/instrumental, experiential/hedonic, and symbolic/expressive. This study offers a unique and systematic overview of the value creation aspects enabled by DDT applications in SSI prevention and suggests that additional research is needed in four areas: value co-creation and product-service systems, DDTs in contaminated and dirty surgeries, data legitimation and explainability, and data-driven interventions. © 2023, The Author(s).
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Kogabayev, Timur, et al.
(author)
-
Prospects for Wood Pellet Production in Kazakhstan : A Case Study on Business Model Adjustment
- 2023
-
In: Energies. - Basel : MDPI. - 1996-1073. ; 16:15
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Biomass and renewable resources are becoming substitutes for fossil-based resources, providing opportunities for more sustainable environmental management and reductions in environmental damage. This paper studies the prospects for wood pellet production in Kazakhstan through the lens of business model adjustment in a microenterprise in Kazakhstan. This study focuses on answering the following questions: (1) How do microenterprises propose, create, deliver and capture value through business models in the wood industry? (2) What are the opportunities and challenges relating to these business models in the context of wood pellet production in Kazakhstan? Kazakhstan has a high potential for biomass production, providing a particularly interesting case for analysing how microenterprises can tap into this potential to create value. This paper combines an analysis of bioenergy and forestry trends with a qualitative case study. The analysis of the business model is based on Osterwalder’s business model canvas. The value proposition of the enterprise studied herein is to provide a local biomass-based alternative to fossil fuels. The overall growth of wood-based industries in Kazakhstan and the national movement towards renewable energy create favourable prospects for microenterprises engaged in the production of wood pellets; however, these industries are also characterised by high institutional and regulatory dependencies. © 2023 by the authors.
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| 49. |
- Lundwall, Marcus, et al.
(author)
-
Self-assembled heterogeneous argon/neon core-shell clusters studied by photoelectron spectroscopy
- 2007
-
In: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 126:21, s. 214706-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Clusters formed by a coexpansion process of argon and neon have been studied using synchrotron radiation. Electrons from interatomic Coulombic decay as well as ultraviolet and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to determine the heterogeneous nature of the clusters and the cluster structure. Binary clusters of argon and neon produced by coexpansion are shown to exhibit a core-shell structure placing argon in the core and neon in the outer shells. Furthermore, the authors show that 2 ML of neon on the argon core is sufficient for neon valence band formation resembling the neon solid. For 1 ML of neon the authors observe a bandwidth narrowing to about half of the bulk value.
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| 50. |
- Malm, Henrik, et al.
(author)
-
Biologically inspired enhancement of dim light video
- 2012
-
In: Frontiers in Sensing: From Biology to Engineering. - Vienna : Springer Vienna. - 9783211997499 - 9783211997482 ; , s. 71-85
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this chapter a technology for the enhancement of video data obtained at low light levels is presented. The method was inspired by the way in which nocturnal animals adaptively sum intensities, spatially and temporally, to improve vision at night. Due to the low photon count under these conditions the visual input is dark and unreliable, which leads to noisy low contrast images. The noise becomes very apparent when we try to enhance the contrast and, by this, amplify the intensities in the darkest regions of the images. By constructing spatio-temporal smoothing kernels that automatically adapt to the three dimensional intensity structure at every point, the noise can be considerably reduced, with fine spatial detail being preserved and enhanced without added motion blur. For color image data, the chromaticity is restored and demosaicing of raw RGB input data can be performed simultaneously with the noise reduction. The method is a very generally applicable one, contains only few user-defined parameters and has been developed for efficient parallel computation using a graphics processing unit (GPU). The technique has been applied to image sequences with various degrees of darkness and noise levels. Results from some of these tests, and comparisons to related work, are presented here.
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