| 1. |
- Persson, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Vetenskaplig grund och beprövad erfarenhet i högre utbildning och skola
- 2017
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In: Vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet - skola. - 9789198357523
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sedan 2010 stadgar skollagen att ”Utbildningen ska vila på vetenskaplig grund och beprövad erfarenhet.”. Skollagen ger i sig ingen ledning till hur dessa begrepp ska tolkas. Uttrycket står på en egen rad i kap 1 §5, som annars handlar om demokrati, mänskliga rättigheter, förhål-landet till religion, med mera. Avsaknaden av precisering av begreppet är problematisk då det är första gången som begreppet vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet förekommer i skol-lagen.Skolan är inte först ut med att tala om vetenskaplig grund och beprövad erfarenhet. En lik-nande paragraf infördes i högskolelagen 1977. En jämförelse mellan hur begreppen tolkats och preciserats visar också att Skolverket lagt sig nära Högskoleverkets formuleringar.Olika inramningar gör dock att vetenskaplig grund kan komma att betyda olika saker inom till exempel högre utbildning och skola. En sådan skillnad kan vara att i högre utbildning har utbildningens innehåll varit viktigast medan vetenskaplig grund och beprövad erfarenhet i skolan omfattar mer, och kanske i synnerhet pedagogiken. Det gör, menar vi, att man inte utan vidare kan ta för givet att innebörden i lagtexten är entydig för dem som har att om-sätta det lagen säger i skolans verksamhet. Det kan till och med vara så att skolan borde tolka begreppet och förstå dess användning annorlunda än på andra områden. Krejsler (2013) menar att inom det medicinska fältet har evidensdiskursen sitt ursprung i professionen själv. Den har utvecklats ”underifrån”. Inom skola och socialt arbete, som han undersökt, är det däremot politiker och policy-makers som agerat för att ändra befintliga tillvägagångssätt. Vår hypotes är att det finns en liknande skillnad mellan högre utbildning och skola med avseende på vetenskaplig grund, den förra förefaller ha vuxit ur forskarpraxis, medan den senare mer verkar ha politiken som grund.
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| 4. |
- Andersen, Grethe Neumann, et al.
(author)
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Correlation between increased nitric oxide production and markers of endothelial activation in systemic sclerosis : findings with the soluble adhesion molecules E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and vascular adhesion molecule 1
- 2000
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In: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 43:5, s. 1085-1093
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective To determine the relationship between vascular function and the inflammatory response in systemic sclerosis (SSc), and to investigate whether production of endothelial-derived nitric oxide (NO) is disturbed in this disease. Methods We measured plasma nitrate, urinary excretion of both nitrate and cGMP, and soluble adhesion molecules of endothelial origin in patients with SSc and in age- and sex-matched controls and compared these levels between groups. Additionally, we performed correlation analysis to determine how these variables were related to one another. Plasma nitrate and 24-hour-urinary excretion of nitrate in patients and controls were measured after a 72-hour nitrate-free-diet, using a gas chromatography/mass spectrometric method. Soluble adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), and E-selectin and cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of E-selectin was further investigated in skin biopsy specimens by immunoperoxidase staining, and the presence of inducible NO synthase by immunoblotting. Results Plasma nitrate and 24-hour-urinary-excretion of cGMP were significantly elevated in patients compared with controls, while 24-hour-urinary-excretion of nitrate tended to be elevated in SSc patients. Levels of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and sE-selectin were significantly elevated in the patients. Levels of plasma nitrate in the patients correlated significantly with levels of sVCAM-1 (P = 0.020) and sE-selectin (P = 0.018) and approached a significant correlation with sICAM-1 (P = 0.055), suggesting that activated endothelial cells may produce plasma nitrate. Conclusion NO synthesis is elevated in SSc patients, and the activated endothelial cell is a likely site of its production.
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| 5. |
- Balliu, Musard, et al.
(author)
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Friendly Fire: Cross-App Interactions in IoT Platforms
- 2020
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In: https://www.cambridge.org/core/what-we-publish/textbooks#.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IoT platforms enable users to connect various smart devices and online services viareactive apps running on the cloud. These apps, often developed by third-parties, performsimple computations on data triggered by external information sources and actuate theresults of computation on external information sinks. Recent research shows that unin-tended or malicious interactions between the dierent (even benign) apps of a user cancause severe security and safety risks. These works leverage program analysis techniquesto build tools for unveiling unexpected interference across apps for specic use cases.We propose a calculus that models the behavioral semantics of a system of apps ex-ecuting concurrently, and use it to dene desirable semantic policies in the security andsafety context of IoT apps. To demonstrate the usefulness of our framework, we denestatic mechanisms for enforcing cross-app security and safety, and prove them sound withrespect to our semantic conditions. Finally, we leverage real-world apps to validate thepractical benets of our policy framework.
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| 6. |
- Becker, Matthias, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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A Many-Core based Execution Framework for IEC 61131-3
- 2015
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In: IECON 2015 - 41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. ; , s. 4525-4530
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Programmable logic controllers are widely used for the control of automationsystems. The standard IEC 61131-3 defines the execution model as well as theprogramming languages for such systems. Nowadays, actuators and sensorsconnect to the programmable logic controller via automation buses. While suchbuses, as well as the sensors and actuators, become more and more powerful, ashift away from the current distributed operation of automation systems, closeto the field level, becomes possible. Instead, execution of complex controlfunctions can be relocated to more powerful hardware, and technologies. Thispaper presents an execution framework for IEC 61131-3, based on a many-coreprocessors. The presented execution model exploits the characteristics of theIEC 61131-3 applications as well as the characteristics of the many-core processor,yielding a predictable execution. We present the platform architectureand an algorithm to allocate a number of IEC 61131-3 conform applications.Experimental as well as simulation based evaluation is provided.
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| 7. |
- Caputo, Beniamino, et al.
(author)
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The "Far-West'' of Anopheles gambiae Molecular Forms
- 2011
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In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:2, s. e16415-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The main Afrotropical malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, is undergoing a process of sympatric ecological diversification leading to at least two incipient species (the M and S molecular forms) showing heterogeneous levels of divergence across the genome. The physically unlinked centromeric regions on all three chromosomes of these closely related taxa contain fixed nucleotide differences which have been found in nearly complete linkage disequilibrium in geographic areas of no or low M-S hybridization. Assays diagnostic for SNP and structural differences between M and S forms in the three centromeric regions were applied in samples from the western extreme of their range of sympatry, the only area where high frequencies of putative M/S hybrids have been reported. The results reveal a level of admixture not observed in the rest of the range. In particular, we found: i) heterozygous genotypes at each marker, although at frequencies lower than expected under panmixia; ii) virtually all possible genotypic combinations between markers on different chromosomes, although genetic association was nevertheless detected; iii) discordant M and S genotypes at two X-linked markers near the centromere, suggestive of introgression and inter-locus recombination. These results could be indicative either of a secondary contact zone between M and S, or of the maintenance of ancestral polymorphisms. This issue and the perspectives opened by these results in the study of the M and S incipient speciation process are discussed.
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| 9. |
- Chandler, John, et al.
(author)
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Social Work in Movement: Marketisation, Differentiation and Managerial Performativity in Sweden and England
- 2015
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In: International Journal of Social Work and Human Services Practice. - : Horizon Research Publishing Co., Ltd.. - 2332-6832 .- 2332-6840. ; 3:3, s. 109-117
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article considers the changing nature of social work in England and Sweden in the context of neoliberal reforms, and the consequences of the ongoing shifts to marketisation and differentiation, managerialism and performativity. Drawing on secondary sources and some interview data from English and Swedish social workers, the article argues that social workers in England and Sweden face similar shifts as marketisation, differentiation, managerialism and its related performativity reshape the occupation, all related to the influence of the macro-context of neoliberalism. ‘Evidence based practice' has become elevated as an important approach in line with increasing managerialism and performativity, affecting micro processes of everyday working life. Differences between the two countries lie largely in the timing of reforms and how social workers respond to them in organised ways – through mobilisation within the profession in England and through trades unions and local authorities in Sweden. The changes create uncertainty for social workers; while they are not merely passive victims of change they face difficult conditions in which to forge alternative models of professional practice. Contrary to what might have been expected, given the different social, political and historical legacies in Sweden and England of social democracy and liberalism respectively, comparing the social work occupation in these two countries finds many more similarities than differences in how marketisation, differentiation, managerialism and performativity impact on the occupation.
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| 10. |
- Chandler, John, et al.
(author)
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Stressing academe : the wear and tear of the new public management
- 2002
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In: Human Relations. - : SAGE Publications. - 0018-7267 .- 1741-282X. ; 55:9, s. 1051-1069
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In recent years academic commentators have born witness to the emergence of what has been called a New Public Management, or NPM, evident in a number of countries around the world. While the literature has sought to document its appearance and attempt to assess its impact, this article considers an aspect of the NPM which has been little explored: the human cost associated with its introduction. In examining higher education in England, one of the countries where the NPM is thought to have been embraced at least relatively enthusiastically, the article explores research on the experiences and reactions of those working in academe to recent attempts to change working practices through an analysis of the stresses and strains experienced by those subjected to the processes of managerialism. In drawing on published sources and the authors' own empirical work it is argued that the NPM, not least in intensifying the labour of academics as intellectual workers, has provoked a range of responses which include collusion, resentment and resistance. The consequences of the NPM, it is argued, include blaming of the victim and diverting attention away from processes of control and the action of human agents who initiate stressful conditions of work by implementing the NPM in particularly harsh ways. It is further contended that attempts to encroach on professional autonomy, and operationalize the NPM in English universities in harsh ways, are being mediated by those subjected to the changes who are seeking to preserve elements of collegiality.
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