| 1. |
- Cecchinato, D., et al.
(author)
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Occurrence of complications in patients restored with implants
- 2022
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In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 33:9, s. 913-920
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives To determine the occurrence and clustering of complications in subjects restored with fixed implant-supported prostheses. Methods In the present retrospective case series, 241 subjects treated at one clinical centre and provided with 729 implants were included. A clinical and radiographic examination was performed after a mean follow-up period of 4.8 +/- 2.0 years. Additional information on occurrence of technical (chipping, loss of retention, fracture of components) and biological complications (marginal bone loss, implant loss) during follow-up was extracted from patient records. For each type of complication and complications overall, regression analyses were performed to identify potential risk factors. Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate time to event for implant loss and technical complications. Results In all, 30% of the 241 patients presented with at least one complication of technical and/or biological character during the follow-up period. Technical complications affected 19.5% of subjects, while 14.1% presented with marginal bone loss >2 mm. Implant loss occurred in 4.6% of subjects. While technical complications were noted already early during the maintenance period (<1200 days), implant loss typically occurred during a later phase. A small subgroup of subjects (7.9%) experienced more than one type of complication. Conclusions Complications occurred frequently and the most common type of complication was of technical character. Technical and biological complications occurred independently of each other.
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| 2. |
- Derks, Jan, 1977, et al.
(author)
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Effectiveness of implant therapy analyzed in a Swedish population: Early and late implant loss
- 2015
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In: Journal of Dental Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0022-0345 .- 1544-0591. ; 94
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Treatment outcomes in implant dentistry have been mainly assessed as implant survival rates in small, selected patient groups of specialist or university clinical settings. This study reports on loss of dental implants assessed in a large and randomly selected patient sample. The results were aimed at representing evaluation of effectiveness of implant dentistry. Using the national data register of the Swedish Social Insurance Agency, 4,716 patients were randomly selected. All had been provided with implant-supported restorative therapy in 2003. Patient files of 2,765 patients (11,311 implants) were collected from more than 800 clinicians. Information on patients, treatment procedures, and outcomes related to the implant-supported restorative therapy was extracted from the files. In total, 596 of the 2,765 subjects, provided with 2,367 implants, attended a clinical examination 9 y after therapy. Implant loss that occurred prior to connection of the supraconstruction was scored as an early implant loss, while later occurring loss was considered late implant loss. Early implant loss occurred in 4.4% of patients (1.4% of implants), while 4.2% of the patients who were examined 9 y after therapy presented with late implant loss (2.0% of implants). Overall, 7.6% of the patients had lost at least 1 implant. Multilevel analysis revealed higher odds ratios for early implant loss among smokers and patients with an initial diagnosis of periodontitis. Implants shorter than 10 mm and representing certain brands also showed higher odds ratios for early implant loss. Implant brand also influenced late implant loss. Implant loss is not an uncommon event, and patient and implant characteristics influence outcomes
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| 3. |
- Derks, Jan, 1977, et al.
(author)
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Effectiveness of Implant Therapy Analyzed in a Swedish Population: Prevalence of Peri-implantitis
- 2016
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In: Journal of Dental Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0022-0345 .- 1544-0591. ; 95:1, s. 43-49
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory disease affecting soft and hard tissues surrounding dental implants. As the global number of individuals that undergo restorative therapy through dental implants increases, peri-implantitis is considered as a major and growing problem in dentistry. A randomly selected sample of 588 patients who all had received implant-supported therapy 9 y earlier was clinically and radiographically examined. Prevalence of peri-implantitis was assessed and risk indicators were identified by multilevel regression analysis. Forty-five percent of all patients presented with peri-implantitis (bleeding on probing/suppuration and bone loss >0.5 mm). Moderate/severe peri-implantitis (bleeding on probing/suppuration and bone loss >2 mm) was diagnosed in 14.5%. Patients with periodontitis and with >= 4 implants, as well as implants of certain brands and prosthetic therapy delivered by general practitioners, exhibited higher odds ratios for moderate/severe peri-implantitis. Similarly, higher odds ratios were identified for implants installed in the mandible and with crown restoration margins positioned <= 1.5 mm from the crestal bone at baseline. It is suggested that peri-implantitis is a common condition and that several patient-and implant-related factors influence the risk for moderate/severe peri-implantitis (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01825772).
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| 4. |
- Derks, Jan, 1977, et al.
(author)
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Patient-reported outcomes of dental implant therapy in a large randomly selected sample
- 2015
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In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 26:5, s. 586-591
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundIn addition to traditional clinical parameters, the need to include patient-reported assessments into dental implant research has been emphasized. AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate patient-reported outcomes following implant-supported restorative therapy in a randomly selected patient sample. Material and MethodsFour thousand seven hundred and sixteen patients were randomly selected from the data register of the Swedish Social Insurance Agency. A questionnaire containing 10 questions related to implant-supported restorative therapy was mailed to each of the individuals about 6years after therapy. Associations between questionnaire data, and (i) patient-related, (ii) clinician-related and (iii) therapy-related variables were identified by multivariate analyses. ResultsThree thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven patients (81%) responded to the questionnaire. It was demonstrated that the overall satisfaction among patients was high. Older patients presented with an overall more positive perception of the results of the therapy than younger patients and males were more frequently satisfied in terms of esthetics than females. While clinical setting did not influence results, patients treated by specialist dentists as opposed to general practitioners reported a higher frequency of esthetic satisfaction and improved chewing ability. In addition, patients who had received extensive implant-supported reconstructions, in contrast to those with small reconstructive units, reported more frequently on improved chewing ability and self-confidence but also to a larger extent on implant-related complications. ConclusionIt is suggested that patient-perceived outcomes of implant-supported restorative therapy are related to (i) age and gender of the patient, (ii) the extent of restorative therapy and (iii) the clinician performing the treatment.
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| 5. |
- Derks, Jan, 1977, et al.
(author)
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Peri-implantitis - onset and pattern of progression.
- 2016
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In: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 43:4, s. 383-388
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- While information on the prevalence of peri-implantitis is available, data describing onset and progression of the disease are limited.
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, Karolina, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Interventions for peri-implantitis and their effects on further bone loss: A retrospective analysis of a registry-based cohort
- 2019
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In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:8, s. 872-879
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective The aim of the present study was to assess interventions and their consequences with regard to further bone loss at sites diagnosed with peri-implantitis. Materials and Methods In 2017, records of 70 patients diagnosed with moderate/severe peri-implantitis at >= 1 implant sites 4 years earlier were obtained. Changes of marginal bone levels during the study period assessed on radiographs and predictors of disease progression were identified by Cox regression and mixed linear modelling. Patient files were analysed for professional interventions related to the treatment of peri-implantitis. Results Mean bone loss (+/- SD) at implants diagnosed with moderate/severe peri-implantitis was 1.1 +/- 2.0 mm over the observation period of 3.3 years. While non-surgical measures including submucosal and/or supra-mucosal cleaning of implants were provided to almost all patients, surgical treatment of peri-implantitis was limited to a subgroup (17 subjects). Surgically treated implant sites demonstrated a mean bone loss of 1.4 +/- 2.4 mm prior to surgical intervention, while only minor changes (0.2 +/- 1.0 mm) occurred after therapy. Clinical parameters (bleeding/suppuration on probing and probing depth) assessed at diagnosis were statistically significant predictors of disease progression. Conclusions Non-surgical procedures were insufficient to prevent further bone loss at implant sites affected by moderate/severe peri-implantitis. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis markedly diminished the progression of bone loss. Clinical assessments of bleeding on probing and probing depth at diagnosis predicted further bone loss.
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| 7. |
- Karlsson, Karolina, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Technical complications following implant-supported restorative therapy performed in Sweden
- 2018
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In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 29:6, s. 603-611
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and consequences of technical complications in implant-supported restorative therapy. Material & MethodsThe occurrence and consequences of technical complications in implant-supported restorative therapy over a mean follow-up period of 5.3years were assessed based on documentation in files from 2,666 patients. Risk indicators were identified by the use of survival models, considering repeated events. Results were expressed as hazard ratios (HR) including 95% confidence intervals. ResultsTechnical complications occurred in 24.8% of the patients. Chipping and loss of retention were the most common, affecting 11.0% and 7.9% of supraconstructions, respectively, while implant-related complications (e.g., implant fracture) were rare. More than 50% of the affected patients experienced technical complications more than once and almost all reported complications led to interventions by a dental professional. The extent of the supraconstruction was the strongest risk indicator for both chipping (HR<0.2) and loss of retention (HR>3). ConclusionOver a 5-year period, technical complications in implant-supported restorative therapy occurred frequently and their management required professional intervention.
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| 8. |
- Axelsson, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Electron Capture Dissociation of Substance-P using a Commercially Available Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer
- 1999
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In: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. - 0951-4198 .- 1097-0231. ; 13:6, s. 474-477
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Electron capture dissociation of the peptide Substance P is reported for the first time, with an unmodified, commercially available Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer. The fragmentation pattern is compared with that obtained with collisionally induced dissociation of the ions in the electrospray ion source, and note that electron capture dissociation gives a more easily interpreted spectrum, showing mainly C-fragments. With the exception of the proline residues, which require cleavage of two chemical bonds, we observe all C-fragmental we find the bias voltage of the electron gun not to be very critical.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Holmbäck, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Preclinical development of sodium fusidate antibiotic cutaneous spray based on water-free lipid formulation system
- 2022
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In: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-0987 .- 1879-0720. ; 176
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Topical antibiotics are a key component in the management of mild to moderate skin and soft tissue infections. There are, however, concerns about the emerging bacterial resistance against topical antibacterial agents such as fusidic acid, due to the prolonged treatment period of its marketed dosage forms. Improving the efficacy of topical formulations could potentially shorten the treatment period and avoid the resistance growth. To provide a more effective drug delivery, a water-free lipid-based formulation system (AKVANO (R)) which can be applied by spraying, has been developed. In the current paper, different formulations containing sodium fusidate were evaluated for their in vitro skin permeability using artificial skin mimicking membranes and antibacterial properties using ex vivo and in vivo skin wound infection models. The novel formulations containing sodium fusidate showed a much higher skin permeation (up to 60% of nominal amount) than the commercially available Fucidin (R) cream (3%). These formulations also gave a significantly stronger antibacterial effect than Fucidin cream showing a clear dose-response relationship for the sodium fusidate content. A spray product based on the described formulation technology would therefore require a shorter treatment time and thereby lower the risk for the development of bacterial resistance. Spray administration of these formulations provides an even layer on the skin surface from which the solvent quickly evaporates and thereby facilitates a non-touch application where no rubbing is required.
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| 11. |
- Håkansson, Irene, 1976-
(author)
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Biomarkers and Disease Activity in Multiple Sclerosis : A cohort study on patients with clinically isolated syndrome and relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
- 2019
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis focuses on disease activity in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and newly diagnosed relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The papers are based on data from 41 patients in a prospective longitudinal cohort study. All patients were untreated at baseline. Age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n=22) for blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were recruited from blood donors.Paper I evaluated the prognostic value of baseline levels of CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL22, neurofilament light chain (NFL), neurofilament heavy chain, glial fibrillary acidic protein, chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and osteopontin in CSF in relation to disease activity during the first two years of follow-up. Disease activity was defined as clinical relapses, new T2 lesions in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or sustained Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression. Absence of these three signs of disease activity was called no evidence of disease activity (NEDA-3). Logistic regression analysis showed that NFL in CSF was the best predictive marker of disease activity and correctly classified 93% of the patients with evidence of disease activity during two years of follow-up and 67% of those without.Paper II presented four year follow-up data from the cohort and also included brain volume data as well as serum levels of NFL. The correlation between NFL in CSF and serum was fairly strong (r=0.74, p<0.001). NFL in CSF was associated with new T2 lesions as well as with brain volume loss, whereas CHI3L1 in CSF was associated mainly with brain volume loss and CXCL1, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL22 and MMP-9 in CSF were mainly associated with new T2 lesions. Taken together, paper I and II confirm and extend the knowledge of NFL as a useful biomarker in CIS and RRMS and suggests that NFL, rather than total brain volume loss, could be included in an expanded NEDA concept and used in clinical monitoring of disease activity/treatment effect. Although serum levels of NFL were correlated with the corresponding CSF levels, CSF-NFL showed a stronger association to subsequent disease activity (NEDA-3).Paper III addressed the patients´ self-reported Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) scores in relation to other cohort study data. MFIS scores correlated with other self-assessment questionnaire data (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD), Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale 29 (MSIS-29) and Short Form 36 (SF-36) scores (Spearman´s rho 0.45-0.78, all p≤0.01)) but not with EDSS ratings, number of T2 lesions, total brain volume or NFL levels, indicating that subjective fatigue scores are not well reflected by some commonly used and objectively measurable disease parameters.Paper IV focused on the complement factors C1q, C3, C3a and sC5b-9 in CSF and plasma. CSFC1q was significantly higher in patients than in controls at baseline. The subgroup of patients with ongoing relapse at baseline also had higher levels of CSF-C3a than controls. Baseline levels of CSF-C1q and CSF-C3a correlated significantly with several pro-inflammatory chemokines as well as with MMP-9, CHI3L1 and NFL in CSF. Baseline CSF-C3a also correlated significantly with the number of T2 lesions and Gadolinium enhancing lesions in brain MRI at baseline, as well as with the number of new T2 lesions during follow-up. This study indicates that the complement system is involved already at early stages of MS. It also suggests that especially CSF-C1q and CSF-C3a levels are associated with other neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative markers and that CSF-C3a levels may carry some prognostic information.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Warntjes, Marcel Jan Bertus, et al.
(author)
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Improved Precision of Automatic Brain Volume Measurements in Patients with Clinically Isolated Syndrome and Multiple Sclerosis Using Edema Correction
- 2018
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In: American Journal of Neuroradiology. - : AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY. - 0195-6108 .- 1936-959X. ; 39:2, s. 296-302
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The presence of edema will result in increased brain volume, which may obscure progressing brain atrophy. Similarly, treatment-induced edema reduction may appear as accelerated brain tissue loss (pseudoatrophy). The purpose of this study was to correlate brain tissue properties to brain volume, to investigate the possibilities for edema correction and the resulting improvement of the precision of automated brain volume measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A group of 38 patients with clinically isolated syndrome or newly diagnosed MS were imaged at inclusion and after 1, 2, and 4 years using an MR quantification sequence. Brain volume, relaxation rates (R-1 and R-2), and proton density were measured by automated software. RESULTS: The reduction of normalized brain volume with time after inclusion was 0.273%/year. The mean SDs were 0.508%, 0.526%, 0.454%, and 0.687% at baseline and 1, 2, and 4 years. Linear regression of the relative change of normalized brain volume and the relative change of R-1, R-2, and proton density showed slopes of -0.198 (P amp;lt; .001), 0.156 (P = .04), and 0.488 (P amp;lt; .001), respectively. After we applied the measured proton density as a correction factor, the mean SDs decreased to 24.2%, 4.8%, 33.3%, and 17.4%, respectively. The observed atrophy rate reduced from 0.273%/year to 0.238%/year. CONCLUSIONS: Correlations between volume and R-1, R-2, and proton density were observed in the brain, suggesting that a change of brain tissue properties can affect brain volume. Correction using these parameters decreased the variation of brain volume measurements and may have reduced the effect of pseudoatrophy.
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| 14. |
- Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, Fil doktor, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Data Analysis for School Improvement within Coupled Local School Systems : Which Data and with what Purposes?
- 2023
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In: Leadership and Policy in Schools. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1570-0763 .- 1744-5043. ; 22:3, s. 714-727
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- From a new institutional theoretical perspective, this article explores school actors’ sense making linked to data-based decision making (DBDM) policy in general and processes of data analysis in particular. The study revealed how actors’ interpretation of and response to DBDM requirements pointed to strong and weak couplings between and within the local school system’s different organizational levels. While teachers primarily emphasized informal, daily analyses, the LEA and principals placed importance on formal, district and school-based analyses. In the same way teachers to a greater extent think that too much resources is spent on collecting and analyzing data rather than on innovation and school improvement.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, Fil doktor, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Evaluating School Improvement Efforts : Pupils as Silent Result Suppliers, or Audible Improvement Resources?
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research. - Flacq : Society for Research and Knowledge Management. - 1694-2493 .- 1694-2116. ; 17:6, s. 34-50
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article contributes to a perspective of school development, where pupils‟ experiences of the teaching they encounter are regarded as a result of improvement work. In a three-year research collaboration with four nine-year compulsory schools in a large Swedish municipality, researchers have continuously conducted group interviews with different actors, collected relevant documentation and reported their preliminary analyses to the schools. In the light of previous research, the results show that the development areas that have been in focus in the schools have in some cases had an impact on the teaching. However, no homogenous change is evident. Rather, the variation between classrooms, teachers and subjects is great, especially if the pupils‟ perspectives are taken into consideration. The pupils‟ experiences and voices on how the improvement work materialises in the classroom contribute to explaining the connections, or lack of them, between the school and classroom levels.
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| 17. |
- Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, Fil doktor, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Evaluating teacher and school development by learning capital : a conceptual contribution to a fundamental problem
- 2019
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In: Improving Schools. - : Sage Publications. - 1365-4802 .- 1475-7583. ; 22:2, s. 130-143
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In light of an international policy movement to increase focus on students’ academic achievement, the question of how to improve schools has become an important issue at all levels in the school system. Substantial resources have been invested in reforms to improve conditions for pupils’ learning. Great expectations and responsibility are often placed on teachers in terms of their professional development (PD), the aim being to improve their teaching practices. Consequently, the question of how to evaluate the results of school improvement programmes, including teachers’ PD, has arisen. However, there is a lack of theoretical concepts that can capture the outcomes of such development in a qualified way. Taking inspiration from the research on teachers’ PD and theories relating to teachers’ knowledge and capabilities, the aim of this study is to outline a conceptual framework that can serve as an analytical tool when evaluating both school improvement initiatives in general and school actors’ learning in particular. Four types of learning capital that are intended to reflect the central aspects of teachers’ and school organisations’ learning and the capabilities linked to teaching practice and its development are outlined. This conceptual framework is applied and exemplified based on the results of a three-year research project evaluating a school improvement programme in a Swedish municipality. Finally, some conclusions are drawn regarding the different types of analysis possible with the current conceptual framework related to the evaluation of school improvement efforts.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, Fil doktor, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Mötet mellan den statliga och kommunala kvalitetsstyrningen inom ramen för Samverkan för bästa skola
- 2021
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In: Pedagogisk forskning i Sverige. - : Linnaeus University. - 1401-6788 .- 2001-3345. ; 26:1, s. 15-41
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Inom ramen för det svenska decentraliserade skolsystemet har ansvaret för att bygga upp, utveckla och bedriva ett systematiskt kvalitetsarbete i första hand varit en fråga för huvudmän och skolor att hantera. I ljuset av en ökad re-centralisering av skolan har uppbyggandet av olika kvalitetssystem för uppföljning och kontroll av skolornas resultat också kommit att utgöra ett viktigt sätt för huvudmannen att styra skolan på. I studien benämns detta i termer av kvalitetsstyrning. I och med Samverkan för bästa skola har dessa gränsdragningar mellan det lokala och det nationella kommit att utmanas. Studien bygger på intervjudata inhämtad på fyra skolor som deltar i Samverkan för bästa skola, från skolförvaltningen i samma kommun samt genom intervju med en representant från Skolverket. Utifrån begreppen löst kopplade system och organisatoriska rutiner studeras vad som karaktäriserar den nationella respektive den kommunala kvalitetsstyrningen samt vad som sker i mötet dem emellan på skolor som genomgår insatser inom ramen för Samverkan för bästa skola, samt med vilka konsekvenser. Resultatet av studien visar bland annat på att idéer och metoder om databaserad skolutveckling utgör viktiga legitimitetsgrunder för såväl den kommunala som den nationella kvalitetsstyrningen. Den nationella kvalitetsstyrningen via Samverkan för bästa skola är dock betydligt mer intensifierad och når längre in i skolornas organisation.
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| 21. |
- Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik, Fil doktor, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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The Local Education Authority’s Implementation of a Capacity-building model for school improvement – obstacles and possibilities
- 2019
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In: Presented at ECER 2019.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- General description on research questions, objectives and theoretical framework (600 words)In school systems around the world, there is an increasing focus on pupils’ academic achievements and school results. This has resulted in an intensified control of pupils’ levels of achievement (cf. PISA) and increasing demands for school actors and decision-makers to improve schools. In this respect, Sweden is no exception. Ages of declining student achievement, decreased equality between schools have spurred an intensive critique against the Swedish school system and triggered a more state-regulated governing of the school system in terms of several national reforms, which altogether aim to take control over the schools’ outcome (Wahlström & Sundberg, 2017; Adolfsson, 2018). In light of such a policy movement the Local Education Authorities (LEA) and schools’ responsibility for pupils’ achievement and equality have been highlighted and strengthened in Swedish policy. In addition, to ensure the quality of the teaching and the professionalism of the teachers, a revision of the Swedish Education Act was carried out in 2010. This revision stipulated, among other things, that all schools and local school authorities must conduct a systematic improvement work. This had led to a discussion of how school on a local basis can build capacity to improve themselves. In this context, LEA, in the Swedish municipalities, have become important policy actors (Wahlström & Sundberg, 2017b). To strengthen the schools own capacity for improvement, but also to increase the control over the schools’ processes and outcomes, the construction and implementation of different quality systems has been an important strategy for the local education authorities (Adolfsson & Alvunger, 2017; Håkansson & Sundberg, 2016).In this paper, we will put this ‘meso-level’, i.e. the relationship between LEA and the schools, in focus. We mean that this is an important, but many times overlooked, relationship when it comes to understand processes and outcomes related to the implementation of local quality systems and school improvement initiatives (Rorrer, Skrla & Scheurich, 2008). Based on an ongoing three-year research project in a major municipality in Sweden, the overall aim is to investigate a LEA: s attempt to implement a new quality system at the schools in the municipality, as a way to control and strengthen the schools’ improvement work. The following research questions are addressed in the paper:1. How and which central aspects of the schools’ improvement work tries LEA control and strengthened through the implementation of a new quality system?2. In what w ay do school actors respond to LES’s attempt to implement the quality system?3. Which different factors can be distinguished as notably important for the outcome of the implementation process?The relationship between the LED and the current schools are understood and analysed from a neo-institutional theoretical perspective (Scott, 2008). From this perspective, three dimensions can be highlighted regarding how institutions (in this case the LED and the current schools) seek to control and affect other institutions, respond to external pressure and seek legitimacy: regulative (rules and sanctions), normative (prevalent norms, expectations and ideals ), and cognitive-cultural/discursive (shared conceptions and frames of meaning-making). This perspective enable us to elucidate the character of the different strategies and actions that LED undertake in the implementation of the new quality model. To understand the implementation processes that occurred at the different schools, theoretical inspiration is acquired from implementation theory (Fixen et al. 2005; Lundquist, 1987; Lipsky, 1980). This theory put analytical focus on central implementation factors such as clarity, school actors knowledge, legitimacy, time, leadership, organisation, school culture etc, which thus help us to understand the result of the implementation processes of the different schools. Methods/methodology (400 words)The overall research project, which this specific study is conducted within, has a mixed-method inspired design. The aim with such an approach is to deepening the understanding of the current research questions being addressed through obtaining different, but complementary data on the phenomenon that stand in focus for the study (Cresswell, 2010; Cresswell and Clark, 2007). In this specific sub-study, we have followed the education authority’s implementation process at six different schools in the current municipality. The current schools are located in areas with differences in socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds and each school was followed for a school year, which made it possible to contextually place and understand the implementation process within the structure, organization and culture of the schools.In line with the theoretical points of departure and the general aim to elucidate patterns of the local school authority’s implementation of the new quality system and school actors’ understanding and response of the quality system, following methods and empirical data have been used. i) content analysis of central policy documents ii) observations (n=xx) iii) 24 semi-structured interviews with key actors at the different schools (n=50). Accordingly, an extensive empirical material have been collected. To conduct a contextual understanding of each school, central documents regarding the local schools’ organisation, policy and vision, leading and management structure, pupils’ achievement, school improvement strategies were at a first step analysed. This contextual understanding was important for the next step, when data related to LEA implementation of the new quality system at the single schools were collected. This was carried out through participating observations at the different kinds of meetings that occurred amongst LEA and the current schools. Finally, as a way to deepen the understanding of the school actors’ response to the new quality system, semi-structured interviews with central key actors at the single school were carried out. Expected outcomes (300 words)The relationship between the LEA and the schools will finally be discussed and problematized in light of the following preliminary results:- The implementation of the quality system occurred through a number of steps: 1. an introduction meeting between represents from the LEA and key actors from the schools 2. a quality dialogue two months later and 3. a quality seminary arranged by the LEA where the principals from the involving schools were participating. In contrast to a more traditional ‘regulative’ strategy of governing the schools, the LEA’s implementation of the current quality system, in terms of these different activities, was characterized by a more normative and discursive way of controlling the schools’ improvement work (i.e. soft governance).- We could distinguish a variety in the initial stage of the implementation process regarding in what degree the school actors consider the LEA’s quality system as legitimate. The same variety between the schools was notably concerning how they perceived the idea and the purpose behind the new quality system but also how LEA’s system should be incorporated with their own local quality systems.- Factors that may explain these differences in the implementation process is firstly, a notably ‘knowledge-gap’, that existed between the schools. That is, principals and other key actors’ knowledge and competencies about local systematic quality work in terms of, for example, data collection, interpretation and using different methods of analysis, seem to be crucial for the implementation process. A second crucial factor seems to be how the principals organized his or her school improvement work, including delegation of responsibility and how different school actors’ knowledge and competencies were used in an appropriate way.
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| 22. |
- Anderson, James C., et al.
(author)
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Dyadic Business Relationships Within a Business Network Context
- 1994
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In: Journal of Marketing. ; 58:October, s. 1-15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In business-to-business settings, dyadic relationships between firms are of paramount interest. Recent developments in business practice strongly suggest that to understand these business relationships, greater attention must be directed to the embedded context within which dyadic business relationships take place. The authors provide a means for understanding the connectedness of these relationships. They then conduct a substantive validity assessment to furnish some empirical support that the constructs they propose are sufficiently well delineated and to generate some suggested measures for them. They conclude with a prospectus for research on business relationships within business networks.
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| 23. |
- Andersson, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Kartläggning av ägarskiften i företag : Utveckling och dokumentation av dataunderlag
- 2014
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Myndigheten för tillväxtpolitiska utvärderingar och analyser, Tillväxtanalys, har haft i uppdrag av regeringen att genomföra kartläggning och analys av ägarskiften i företag. Uppdraget omfattade även att göra jämförelser mellan generationsskiften och andra typer av ägarskiften som inte är åldersbaserade samt belysa möjligheten att följa upp företagens skifte och dynamik över tid. Tillväxtanalys lämnade i oktober 2013 en delrapportering av uppdraget som avser dels en kartläggning av åldersstrukturen i företagsstocken, dels en fördjupad analys av ägarskiften. Denna rapport är en redovisning av uppdragets sista del som innebär utveckling och dokumentation av dataunderlag för identifiering av ägarförändringar.SCB har på uppdrag av Tillväxtanalys undersökt möjligheten att bättre identifiera ägarskiften genom att integrera och göra en matchningskontroll av kompletterande uppgifter gällande delägare i fåmansaktiebolag som kan hämtas från Skatteverket, SKV, med redan befintlig information om företagsdynamik, vilken finns i Företagens och arbetsställenas dynamik, FAD, och den registerbaserade arbetsmarknadsstatisken, RAMS, på SCB. För att göra detta studeras företagens ägarskiften mellan åren 2010 och 2011. Uppdraget omfattar även att beskriva FAD gällande syfte, metodik och innehåll.Cirka 80 procent av samtliga företag oberoende av bolagsform överlevde mellan åren 2010 och 2011. Resterande företag har på något sätt förändrats. Företag läggs ned och andra startar som en del i strukturomvandlingen. Dessutom ser vi att många företag och arbetsställen byter ägare. Näringslivet visar på en stor dynamik och dynamiken omfattar många olika typer av förändringar.Bearbetningarna visar att det med hjälp av RAMS och SKV:s register går att följa och framställa uppgifter om ägarförändringar på ett bra sätt. Detta gäller både för fåmansaktiebolag, där det går att följa individuellt ägande, och för övriga juridiska former där förändringar i organisationsnummer kan spåras, vilket indikerar ändrade ägarförhållanden. Analysen visar att SKV:s register är ett bra komplement till RAMS och FAD och tillför ytterligare information. Samkörningen av dessa registerdata ger mer information än vad som kan fås ut av respektive registerkällor separat. Det går dessutom att koppla på annan information om anställda, omsättning och olika mått på lönsamhet från andra register.Tillväxtanalys rekommenderar därför att SCB får tillgång till register gällande ägarandelar från Skatteverket under en längre tidsperiod än enbart de undersökta åren. Detta för att kunna sammanställa en databas som möjliggör bättre och mer precisa analyser av olika dimensioner av näringslivsdynamik och ägarförändringar. Det vore dessutom önskvärt att denna databas görs tillgänglig för forskning och studier som ökar kunskapen om olika dimensioner av näringslivets strukturomvandling.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Bengtsson, Eva, et al.
(author)
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Lack of the Cysteine-Protease Inhibitor Cystatin C Promotes Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice.
- 2005
-
In: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. - 1524-4636. ; 25:10, s. 2151-2156
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective - Degradation of extracellular matrix plays an important role in growth and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. Cystatin C, inhibitor of the collagen- and elastin-degrading cysteine proteases of the cathepsin family, is produced by virtually all cell types. It is present in the normal artery wall but severely reduced in human atherosclerotic lesions. Methods and Results - To determine the functional role of cystatin C in atherosclerosis, we crossed cystatin C - deficient ( cysC(-/-)) mice with apolipoprotein E - deficient ( apoE(-/-)) mice. After 25 weeks of atherogenic diet, mice lacking apoE and cystatin C (cysC(-/-) apoE(-/-)) had larger subvalvular plaques compared with cysC(+/+) apoE(-/-) mice (766 000 +/- 20 000 mu m(2) per section versus 662 000 +/- 19 000 mu m(2) per section; P = 0.001), suggesting an atheroprotective role of cystatin C. The plaques from cysC(-/-) apoE(-/-) mice were characterized by increased total macrophage content. To determine which cellular source is important for the antiatherosclerotic effect of cystatin C, we performed bone marrow transplantations. ApoE(-/-) mice were transplanted with either cysC(-/-) apoE(+/+) or cysC(+/+) apoE(-/-) bone marrow. No significant differences in plaque area, macrophage, collagen, or lipid content of subvalvular lesions between the 2 groups were detected. Conclusions - The result suggests that the protective role of cystatin C in atherosclerosis is dependent primarily on its expression in nonhematopoietic cell types.
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| 27. |
- Blystad, Ida, et al.
(author)
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Quantitative MRI for Analysis of Active Multiple Sclerosis Lesions without Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent
- 2016
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In: American Journal of Neuroradiology. - : American Society of Neuroradiology (ASNR). - 0195-6108 .- 1936-959X. ; 37:1, s. 94-100
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Contrast-enhancing MS lesions are important markers of active inflammation in the diagnostic work-up of MS and in disease monitoring with MR imaging. Because intravenous contrast agents involve an expense and a potential risk of adverse events, it would be desirable to identify active lesions without using a contrast agent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether pre-contrast injection tissue-relaxation rates and proton density of MS lesions, by using a new quantitative MR imaging sequence, can identify active lesions.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four patients with a clinical suspicion of MS were studied. MR imaging with a standard clinical MS protocol and a quantitative MR imaging sequence was performed at inclusion (baseline) and after 1 year. ROIs were placed in MS lesions, classified as nonenhancing or enhancing. Longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates, as well as proton density were obtained from the quantitative MR imaging sequence. Statistical analyses of ROI values were performed by using a mixed linear model, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic analysis.RESULTS: Enhancing lesions had a significantly (P < .001) higher mean longitudinal relaxation rate (1.22 ± 0.36 versus 0.89 ± 0.24), a higher mean transverse relaxation rate (9.8 ± 2.6 versus 7.4 ± 1.9), and a lower mean proton density (77 ± 11.2 versus 90 ± 8.4) than nonenhancing lesions. An area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of 0.832 was obtained.CONCLUSIONS: Contrast-enhancing MS lesions often have proton density and relaxation times that differ from those in nonenhancing lesions, with lower proton density and shorter relaxation times in enhancing lesions compared with nonenhancing lesions.
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| 28. |
- Bondesson, Maria, et al.
(author)
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A CASCADE of effects of bisphenol A.
- 2009
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In: Reproductive Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0890-6238 .- 1873-1708. ; 28:4, s. 563-7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 29. |
- Boniface, Raymond, 1977-
(author)
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Teachers' Retention in Tanzanian Remote Secondary Schools : Exploring Perceived Challenges and Support
- 2016
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Teacher retention is a global challenge, and many developed and developing countries are struggling to staff and retain teachers in schools, particularly in low-performing, remote, and less desirable areas. In most of these countries, Tanzania in particular, the efficacy of fiscally inclined teachers’ retention strategies continues to be dubious. The aim of this study is to explore teachers’ perceived school level challenges and the support of retaining teachers in remote secondary schools in Tanzania. The study is inspired by a supportive management theoretical framework, particularly Organizational Support, Leader-Member Exchange and Coworkers’ Exchange. It is motivated by a pragmatic knowledge claim. Data were sequentially collected in three phases using interviews and survey questionnaires. A sample included 258 secondary schools teachers from 28 remote schools in the Dodoma region in central Tanzania. Mixed methods data analysis techniques were used.The current study identifies younger males of a well-educated and experienced teaching workforce as being the chief staffing in remote Tanzanian secondary schools. Such a teaching workforce is challenging to retain in remote areas, as it is rarely satisfied with the teaching career and highly susceptible to frequently changing employers and working contexts. Moreover, findings show that teachers perceive problems related to housing, social services, conflicts in schools, the inability to influence changes in schools, the teaching and learning situation and limited opportunities as the chief reasons for not remaining in remote schools. Furthermore, findings show that teachers perceive meaningful retention support as being contextually definitive. The catalyst is high quality exchanges amongst teachers which spearhead the development of intra- and extra-role practices, school citizenship behaviours, intraschool social capital (an investment), all of which could bind teachers together, enhancing performing and supporting each other beyond formal contracts. Such a situation triggers teachers’ beliefs that changes, improvement, adaptability and survival within difficult remote environments is possible, and this consequently influences the intention to voice and/or conversely, to exit. Teachers’ empowerment, justice practices and working voicing arenas are important practices for enhancing retention support, especially in remote areas.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Carlson, Jan, et al.
(author)
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SaveCCM : An Analysable Component Model for Real-Time Systems
- 2006
-
In: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1571-0661. ; 160:1, s. 127-140
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Component based development is a promising approach for embedded systems. Typical for embedded software is the presence of resource constraints in multiple dimensions. An essential dimension is time, since many embedded systems have real-time requirements. We define a formal semantics of a component language for embedded systems, SaveCCM, a language designed with vehicle applications and safety concerns in focus. The semantics is defined by a transformation into timed automata with tasks, a formalism that explicitly models timing and real-time task scheduling. A simple SaveCCM system with a PI controller is used as a case study. Temporal properties of the PI controller have been successfully verified using the timed automata model checker Uppaal.
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| 33. |
- Carlson, Jan, et al.
(author)
-
SaveCCM: An Analysable Component Model for Real-Time Systems
- 2005
-
In: Proceedings of International Workshop on Formal Aspects of Component Software.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Component based development is a promising approach for embeddedsystems. Typical for embedded software is the presence of resourceconstraints in multiple dimensions. An essential dimension is time,since many embedded systems have real-time requirements. We define aformal semantics of a component language for embedded systems,SaveCCM, a language designed with vehicle applications and safetyconcerns in focus. The semantics is defined by a transformation intotimed automata with tasks, a formalism that explicitly models timingand real-time task scheduling. A simple SaveCCM system with a PIcontroller is used as a case study. Temporal properties of the PIcontroller have been successfully verified using the timed automatamodel checker Uppaal.
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| 34. |
- Conti, David, V, et al.
(author)
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Trans-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of prostate cancer identifies new susceptibility loci and informs genetic risk prediction
- 2021
-
In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 53:1, s. 65-75
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Prostate cancer is a highly heritable disease with large disparities in incidence rates across ancestry populations. We conducted a multiancestry meta-analysis of prostate cancer genome-wide association studies (107,247 cases and 127,006 controls) and identified 86 new genetic risk variants independently associated with prostate cancer risk, bringing the total to 269 known risk variants. The top genetic risk score (GRS) decile was associated with odds ratios that ranged from 5.06 (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.84-5.29) for men of European ancestry to 3.74 (95% CI, 3.36-4.17) for men of African ancestry. Men of African ancestry were estimated to have a mean GRS that was 2.18-times higher (95% CI, 2.14-2.22), and men of East Asian ancestry 0.73-times lower (95% CI, 0.71-0.76), than men of European ancestry. These findings support the role of germline variation contributing to population differences in prostate cancer risk, with the GRS offering an approach for personalized risk prediction. A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across different populations highlights new risk loci and provides a genetic risk score that can stratify prostate cancer risk across ancestries.
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| 35. |
- Dahlman, Disa, et al.
(author)
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Socioeconomic correlates of incident and fatal opioid overdose among Swedish people with opioid use disorder
- 2021
-
In: Substance Abuse: Treatment, Prevention, and Policy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1747-597X. ; 16:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Opioid overdose (OD) and opioid OD death are major health threats to people with opioid use disorder (OUD). Socioeconomic factors are underexplored potential determinants of opioid OD. In this study, we assessed socioeconomic and other factors and their associations with incident and fatal opioid OD, in a cohort consisting of 22,079 individuals with OUD. Methods: We performed a retrospective, longitudinal study based on Swedish national register data for the period January 2005–December 2017. We used Cox proportional hazard models to investigate the risk of incident and fatal opioid OD as a function of several individual, parental and neighborhood covariates. Results: Univariate analysis showed that several covariates were associated with incident and fatal opioid OD. In the multivariate analysis, incident opioid OD was associated with educational attainment (Hazard ratio [HR] 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.94–0.97), having received social welfare (HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.22–1.39), and criminal conviction (HR 1.53; 95% CI 1.42–1.65). Fatal opioid OD was also associated with criminal conviction (HR 1.93; 95% CI 1.61–2.32). Conclusion: Individuals with low education and receipt of social welfare had higher risks of incident opioid OD and individuals with criminal conviction were identified as a risk group for both incident and fatal opioid OD. Our findings should raise attention among health prevention policy makers in general, and among decision-makers within the criminal justice system and social services in particular.
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| 36. |
- Delblanc, Åsa
(author)
-
Pedagogiska möjligheter i mångfaldens förskola
- 2022
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I denna sammanläggningsavhandling diskuteras tre olika delstudier som alla utgåttf rån förskolepraktik i förskolor som kännetecknas av en mångfald av språk och erfarenheter. Delstudie 1 fokuserar på barns kommunikation i en flerspråkig förskolemiljö och vad som kan hindra eller möjliggöra den. Delstudie 2 undersöker ett aktionsforskningsprojekt i form av en forskningscirkel med målet att i en förskola skapa en flerspråkig miljö i samarbete med föräldrar. Delstudie 3 undersöker ett aktionsforskningsprojekt i form av en forskningscirkel med målet att utveckla förskolans mottagande av nyanlända familjer. Avhandlingen utgår från ett sociokulturellt perspektiv i vilket människor ses som lärande varelser som skapar kunskap gemensamt med tillgängliga kulturella artefakter. Affordanceteorin (Gibson, 1986; Reed, 1993; Barab & Roth; 2006 och Clakin-Philips & Carr, 2012) har använts för att göra analyser av barns och lärares handlingar. Affordance tolkas genomgående som erbjudanden, och tre olika typer av erbjudanden undersöks, kommunikationserbjudanden, flerspråkiga erbjudanden samt nätverk av erbjudanden. Utifrån Barab och Roth (2006) och Clakin- Philips och Carr ( 2012) undersöks sedan hur erbjudanden ger olika typer av möjligheter, tillgängliga, inbjudande och personliga, här rubricerade som pedagogiska möjligheter.Resultatet visar att olika typer av möjligheter uppstår i olika sammanhang. I de sammanhang i vilka det inte finns en planerad eller strukturerad idé om hur ett erbjudande kan användas blir möjligheterna mindre inbjudande. Möjligheter blir personliga då barns, lärares och föräldrars erfarenheter används som en utgångspunkt i den pedagogiska praktiken. Om möjligheter blir personliga finns samtidigt en risk att det blir ett ökat fokus på skillnader och att tankar om att skapa trygghet ses som viktigare än att skapa förutsättningar för lärande.
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| 37. |
- Dixon-Suen, Suzanne C, et al.
(author)
-
Physical activity, sedentary time and breast cancer risk : a Mendelian randomisation study
- 2022
-
In: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 56:20, s. 1157-1170
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are associated with higher breast cancer risk in observational studies, but ascribing causality is difficult. Mendelian randomisation (MR) assesses causality by simulating randomised trial groups using genotype. We assessed whether lifelong physical activity or sedentary time, assessed using genotype, may be causally associated with breast cancer risk overall, pre/post-menopause, and by case-groups defined by tumour characteristics.METHODS: We performed two-sample inverse-variance-weighted MR using individual-level Breast Cancer Association Consortium case-control data from 130 957 European-ancestry women (69 838 invasive cases), and published UK Biobank data (n=91 105-377 234). Genetic instruments were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated in UK Biobank with wrist-worn accelerometer-measured overall physical activity (nsnps=5) or sedentary time (nsnps=6), or accelerometer-measured (nsnps=1) or self-reported (nsnps=5) vigorous physical activity.RESULTS: Greater genetically-predicted overall activity was associated with lower breast cancer overall risk (OR=0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42 to 0.83 per-standard deviation (SD;~8 milligravities acceleration)) and for most case-groups. Genetically-predicted vigorous activity was associated with lower risk of pre/perimenopausal breast cancer (OR=0.62; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.87,≥3 vs. 0 self-reported days/week), with consistent estimates for most case-groups. Greater genetically-predicted sedentary time was associated with higher hormone-receptor-negative tumour risk (OR=1.77; 95% CI 1.07 to 2.92 per-SD (~7% time spent sedentary)), with elevated estimates for most case-groups. Results were robust to sensitivity analyses examining pleiotropy (including weighted-median-MR, MR-Egger).CONCLUSION: Our study provides strong evidence that greater overall physical activity, greater vigorous activity, and lower sedentary time are likely to reduce breast cancer risk. More widespread adoption of active lifestyles may reduce the burden from the most common cancer in women.
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| 38. |
- Downer, Mary K., et al.
(author)
-
Dairy intake in relation to prostate cancer survival
- 2017
-
In: International Journal of Cancer. - Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 140:9, s. 2060-2069
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dairy intake has been associated with increased risk of advanced prostate cancer. Two US cohort studies reported increased prostate cancer-specific mortality with increased high-fat milk intake. We examined whether dairy and related nutrient intake were associated with prostate cancer progression in a Swedish patient population with high dairy consumption. We prospectively followed 525 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer (diagnosed 1989-1994). We identified and confirmed deaths through February 2011 (n = 222 prostate cancer-specific, n = 268 from other causes). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between food or nutrient intake and prostate cancer-specific death. On average, patients consumed 5.0 servings/day of total dairy products at diagnosis. In the whole population, high-fat milk intake was not associated with prostate cancer-specific death (95% CI: 0.78, 2.10; p-trend = 0.32; multivariate-adjusted model). However, among patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer, compared to men who consumed <1 servings/day of high-fat milk, those who drank >= 3 servings/day had an increased hazard of prostate cancer mortality (HR = 6.10; 95% CI: 2.14, 17.37; p-trend = 0.004; multivariate-adjusted model). Low-fat milk intake was associated with a borderline reduction in prostate cancer death among patients with localized prostate cancer. These associations were not observed among patients diagnosed with advanced stage prostate cancer. Our data suggest a positive association between high-fat milk intake and prostate cancer progression among patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer. Further studies are warranted to investigate this association and elucidate the mechanisms by which high-fat milk intake may promote prostate cancer progression.
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| 39. |
- Eklund, Pieta, et al.
(author)
-
Fyll de digitala arkiven! : rapport från projektet: Retrodigitalisering av nutida svårtillgänglig svenskpublicerad HumSamforskning
- 2010
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Projektidé Projektidén var att utarbeta kostnadseffektiva arbetssätt för digitalisering och publicering samt tillgängliggörande i högskolans öppna arkiv av svårtillgängligt svenskpublicerat HumSam ‐material. Idetta ingick också att utreda upphovsrätten kring detta redan publicerade material. Målet var även att hitta en logistiskt enkel och kostnadseffektiv kedja för hela processen som måste vara skalbar för att kunna ta hand om material från ett större antal forskare. Skalbarhet Efter analys av ingående delprocesser har vi kommit fram till att dessa var för sig är skalbara sett ur ett praktiskt perspektiv. Därmed menar vi att hela digitaliseringsprocessen är skalbar. Detta bygger på att arbetet med upphovsrätten gett ett generellt användbart arbetssätt. Vidare har konstruktionen av de olika breven gett ett generellt användbart resultat även om de i vissa fall måste anpassas. Om modellen skall skalas upp krävs ytterligare förenkling för att slippa tidsödande anpassning till respektive publikation och förlag. Upphovsrätt När det gäller upphovsrätten har vi kommit fram till en praxis i bedömningen av materialet huruvida tillstånd till att publicera materialet i lärosätets digitala arkiv krävs eller inte. Det avgörande är huruvida avtal finns eller inte, samt vilken publikationsform det är. Se vidare nedan. Förslag till en ordning för framtida retrodigitalisering Om biblioteket ska arbeta med retrodigitalisering föreslår vi nedanstående arbetsordning för svenskpublicerat material. För en diskussion om rollfördelning se vidare i kapitel 7. • När beslut fattats om digitalisering av en forskares verk bör denna lämna över en så komplettoch korrekt lista som möjligt över de texter som ska publiceras. Denna kontrolleras. • Forskaren bör också för varje bidrag redogöra för eventuella avtal som finns angåendepubliceringen samt även eventuell kontaktperson på förlaget. • I de fall något har samförfattats måste tillstånd att parallellpublicera inhämtas frånmedförfattaren. • Kommunikation med förlagen sker via uppgiven kontaktperson och i de fall detta saknas tillperson så högt i hierarkin som möjligt. • Upphovsrätten hanteras enligt följande: o Om avtal finns, agera enligt detta. o Om avtal saknas för monografier och bidrag i antologier måste tillstånd sökas. o Om avtal saknas för tidskriftsartiklar behöver inte tillstånd sökas men för tydlighetensskull meddela utgivaren avsikterna. o När det gäller myndighetsutgivet material bör myndigheten kontaktas. • Forskaren bör i största möjliga utsträckning bidra till insamlandet av materialet. • Digitalisering kan, i de fall man inte gör det själv, göras till låg kostnad och tillräckligt högkvalitet, av ett antal olika aktörer. • Publicering skall samordnas och inordnas med lärosätets övriga digitala publicering.
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| 40. |
- Eklund, Pieta, et al.
(author)
-
Fyll de digitala arkiven! : rapport från projektet: Retrodigitalisering av nutida svårtillgänglig svenskpublicerad HumSamforskning
- 2010
-
Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Projektidé Projektidén var att utarbeta kostnadseffektiva arbetssätt för digitalisering och publicering samt tillgängliggörande i högskolans öppna arkiv av svårtillgängligt svenskpublicerat HumSam ‐material. Idetta ingick också att utreda upphovsrätten kring detta redan publicerade material. Målet var även att hitta en logistiskt enkel och kostnadseffektiv kedja för hela processen som måste vara skalbar för att kunna ta hand om material från ett större antal forskare. Skalbarhet Efter analys av ingående delprocesser har vi kommit fram till att dessa var för sig är skalbara sett ur ett praktiskt perspektiv. Därmed menar vi att hela digitaliseringsprocessen är skalbar. Detta bygger på att arbetet med upphovsrätten gett ett generellt användbart arbetssätt. Vidare har konstruktionen av de olika breven gett ett generellt användbart resultat även om de i vissa fall måste anpassas. Om modellen skall skalas upp krävs ytterligare förenkling för att slippa tidsödande anpassning till respektive publikation och förlag. Upphovsrätt När det gäller upphovsrätten har vi kommit fram till en praxis i bedömningen av materialet huruvida tillstånd till att publicera materialet i lärosätets digitala arkiv krävs eller inte. Det avgörande är huruvida avtal finns eller inte, samt vilken publikationsform det är. Se vidare nedan. Förslag till en ordning för framtida retrodigitalisering Om biblioteket ska arbeta med retrodigitalisering föreslår vi nedanstående arbetsordning för svenskpublicerat material. För en diskussion om rollfördelning se vidare i kapitel 7. • När beslut fattats om digitalisering av en forskares verk bör denna lämna över en så komplettoch korrekt lista som möjligt över de texter som ska publiceras. Denna kontrolleras. • Forskaren bör också för varje bidrag redogöra för eventuella avtal som finns angåendepubliceringen samt även eventuell kontaktperson på förlaget. • I de fall något har samförfattats måste tillstånd att parallellpublicera inhämtas frånmedförfattaren. • Kommunikation med förlagen sker via uppgiven kontaktperson och i de fall detta saknas tillperson så högt i hierarkin som möjligt. • Upphovsrätten hanteras enligt följande: o Om avtal finns, agera enligt detta. o Om avtal saknas för monografier och bidrag i antologier måste tillstånd sökas. o Om avtal saknas för tidskriftsartiklar behöver inte tillstånd sökas men för tydlighetensskull meddela utgivaren avsikterna. o När det gäller myndighetsutgivet material bör myndigheten kontaktas. • Forskaren bör i största möjliga utsträckning bidra till insamlandet av materialet. • Digitalisering kan, i de fall man inte gör det själv, göras till låg kostnad och tillräckligt högkvalitet, av ett antal olika aktörer. • Publicering skall samordnas och inordnas med lärosätets övriga digitala publicering.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Epstein, Mara M., et al.
(author)
-
Dietary zinc and prostate cancer survival in a Swedish cohort
- 2011
-
In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 93:3, s. 586-593
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Zinc is involved in many essential cellular functions, including DNA repair and immune system maintenance. Although experimental evidence supports a role for zinc in prostate carcinogenesis, epidemiologic data are inconsistent; no data on cancer-specific survival have been reported. Objective: Our objective was to determine whether dietary zinc assessed near the time of prostate cancer diagnosis is associated with improved disease-specific survival. Design: This population-based cohort consists of 525 men aged < 80 y from Orebro County, Sweden, with a diagnosis of prostate cancer made between 1989 and 1994. Study participants completed self-administered food-frequency questionnaires, and zinc intake was derived from nutrient databases. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for time to death from prostate cancer as well as death from all causes through February 2009 by quartile (Q) of dietary zinc intake. Models were also stratified by disease stage at diagnosis (localized or advanced). Results: With a median follow-up of 6.4 y, 218 (42%) men died of prostate cancer and 257 (49%) died of other causes. High dietary zinc intake was associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality (HRQ4 vs Q1: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.94; P for trend = 0.05) in the study population. The association was stronger in men with localized tumors (HR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.66; P for trend = 0.005). Zinc intake was not associated with mortality from other causes. Conclusion: These results suggest that high dietary intake of zinc is associated with lower prostate cancer-specific mortality after diagnosis, particularly in men with localized disease.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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- Furebring, Mia, et al.
(author)
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Differential expression of the C5a receptor and complement receptors 1 and 3 after LPS stimulation of neutrophils and monocytes
- 2004
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0300-9475 .- 1365-3083. ; 60:5, s. 494-499
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Animal experiments recently suggested that administration of anti-C5a, anti-C5a receptor or soluble complement receptor type-1 may be of value in the treatment of septic shock. Because results regarding C5a receptor expression (C5a-R, CD-88) have been found to differ between septic animals and patients, the aim of this study was to investigate the neutrophil and monocyte receptor expression of CD-88 and complement receptor-1 (CR-1, CD-35) after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ex vivo. Whole blood or isolated neutrophils and monocytes from healthy people were incubated with LPS in a dose range of 0.1-1000 ng/ml. The expressions of CD-88 and CD-35 were analysed by means of flow cytometry. For comparison, the expressions of complement receptor-3 (CR-3, CD-11b/CD-18), Fc-gamma receptor type-I (CD-64) and CEACAM-8 (CD-66b) were also investigated. In whole blood, CD-88 expression on neutrophils was reduced (P < 0.05). The expressions of CD-35 and CD-11b were increased both on neutrophils (P < 0.001; P < 0.05) and on monocytes (P < 0.001; P < 0.001). No effect was observed on isolated cells. In agreement with the findings in septic patients, LPS reduced the neutrophil C5a-R expression, whereas the expressions of CR-1 and CR-3 were increased. The effects of LPS were indirect and were mediated via factors in the blood. The clinical significance of this is not known, but may be associated with decreased chemotaxis.
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