| 1. |
- Ahmed, Ali, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Are gay men and lesbians discriminated against in the hiring process?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Southern Economic Journal. - : Southern Economic Association (SEA). - 0038-4038 .- 2325-8012. ; 79:3, s. 565-585
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the first field experiment on sexual orientation discrimination in the hiring process in the Swedish labor market. Job applications were sent to about 4000 employers in 10 different occupations in Sweden. Gender and sexual orientation were randomly assigned to applications. The results show that sexual orientation discrimination exists in the Swedish labor market. The discrimination against the gay male applicant and the lesbian applicant varied across different occupations and appears to be concentrated in the private sector. The results also show that the gay male applicant was discriminated against in typical male-dominated occupations, whereas the lesbian applicant was discriminated against in typical female-dominated occupations. Theoretical implications are discussed
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| 2. |
- Ahmed, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Are homosexuals discriminated against in the hiring process?
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents the first field experiment on sexual orientation discrimination in the hiring process in the Swedish labor market. Job applications were sent to about 4,000 employers in 10 different occupations in Sweden. Gender and sexual orientation were randomly assigned to applications. The results show that sexual orientation discrimination exists in the Swedish labor market. The discrimination against gays and lesbian varies across different occupations and appears only in the private sector. The results also seem to suggest a new dimension of traditional gender roles; the gay applicant was discriminated against in typical male-dominated occupations whereas the lesbian applicant was discriminated against in typical female-dominated occupations. Thus, the results suggest that gays to some extent face the same obstacles on the labor market as heterosexual women.
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| 3. |
- Ahmed, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Are lesbians discriminated against in the rental housing market? Evidence from a correspondence testing experiment
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Housing Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1051-1377 .- 1096-0791. ; 17:3, s. 234-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a field experiment, conducted over the Internet, studying possible discrimination against lesbians in the rental housing market in Sweden. We let two fictitious couples, one heterosexual and one lesbian, apply for vacant rental apartments advertised by landlords on the Internet. We then investigated whether there were differences between the couples in the number of received call-backs, invitations to further contact, and invitations to immediate showings. Our findings show no indication of differential treatment of lesbians by landlords. A discussion relating to earlier findings is provided.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ahmed, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Can discrimination in the housing market be reduced by increasing the information about the applicants?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Land Economics. - : University of Wisconsin Press. - 0023-7639 .- 1543-8325. ; 86:1, s. 79-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate how increasing the information about applicantsaffects discrimination in the rental housing market. We letfour fictitious applicants, two with typical Arab/Muslim namesand two with typical Swedish names, use application letterscontaining different amounts of information to apply for apartmentsover the Internet in Sweden. The Arab/Muslim applicants receivedfewer responses from the landlords than did the Swedish applicants.All of the applicants gained by providing more information aboutthemselves, but the amount of discrimination against the Arab/Muslimapplicants remained unchanged, indicating that increasing theamount of information about the applicants will not reduce discrimination
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| 6. |
- Ahmed, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Customer and Worker Discrimination against Gay and Lesbian Business Owners : A Web-Based Experiment among Students in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Homosexuality. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0091-8369 .- 1540-3602. ; 69:9, s. 1621-1630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined customer and worker discrimination against gay and lesbian business owners using a web-based experiment conducted at a Swedish university campus. Participants (N = 1,406) were presented with a prospective restaurant establishment on the campus. They then stated whether they would be positive to such an establishment, whether they would be interested in working at the restaurant, and what their reservation wage would be if they were interested in the job. Owners’ sexual orientation was randomized across participants. Results showed that participants were less positive to a restaurant opening if the owners were lesbians, and they were less interested in an available job if the owners were gay. The participants had higher reservation wages if the owners were lesbians. In fact, the participants increased their wage demands when the number of women among the owners increased. Our study underlines that gay and lesbian people face various inequalities in society.
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| 7. |
- Ahmed, Ali, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Customer discrimination in the fast food market? : experimental evidence from a Swedish university campus
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper studies customer discrimination against fictive male and female food truck owners with Arabic names on a Swedish University campus using a web-based experiment. Students at a Swedish university campus were asked to participate in a market survey and state if they think it is a good idea to have a food truck establishment on the campus. Further, they were also asked about their own beliefs, and their beliefs about others’ willingness to pay for a baguette and a kebab sold by the food truck on the campus. Four names—one male Swede, one female Swede, one male Arab, and one female Arab—were randomly assigned to the food truck. We found no evidence of customer discrimination against food truck owners with Arabic names. In fact, the respondents were slightly more positive to a food truck establishment run by an Arabic male than by a Swedish male. We conclude that our results are representative in an environment with relatively young and highly educated customers and that customer discrimination may vary across different markets. More research in this area is needed.
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| 8. |
- Ahmed, Ali, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Customer discrimination in the fast food market? : Experimental evidence from a Swedish University campus
- 2020
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Ingår i: Migration Letters. - : Transnational Press London. - 1741-8984 .- 1741-8992. ; 17:6, s. 813-824
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of a study that examined customer discrimination against fictitious male and female food truck owners with Arabic-sounding names on a Swedish university campus. In a web-based experiment, students (N = 1,406) were asked, in a market survey setting, whether they thought it was a good idea that a food truck was establishing on their campus and of their willingness to pay for a typical food truck meal. Four names-male and female Swedish-sounding names and male and female Arabic-sounding names-were randomly assigned to food trucks. We found no evidence of customer discrimination against food truck owners with Arabic-sounding names. Participants were slightly more positive to a food truck establishment run by a male with an Arabic-sounding name than a male with a Swedish-sounding name.Keywords
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| 9. |
- Ahmed, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Detecting discrimination against homosexuals : Evidence from a field experiment on the Internet
- 2009
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Ingår i: Economica. - : Wiley. - 0013-0427 .- 1468-0335. ; 76:303, s. 588-597
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the first field experiment studying discrimination against homosexuals on the housing market. The study is conducted on the rental housing market in Sweden using the internet as a research platform. Two fictitious couples, one heterosexual and one male homosexual, apply for vacant rental apartments advertised by landlords on the internet. Our findings show that homosexual males are discriminated against on the Swedish housing market, since the homosexual couple gets far fewer call-backs and fewer invitations to further contacts and to showings of apartments than the heterosexual couple.
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| 10. |
- Ahmed, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Discrimination in the rental housing market: A field experiment on the Internet
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Urban Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0094-1190 .- 1095-9068. ; 64:2, s. 362-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a field experiment on discrimination in the housing market, using the Internet as a research platform. The procedure involved our creating three fictitious persons with distinctive sounding ethnic and gender names. These individuals applied for vacant rental apartments in Sweden that were advertised by landlords on the Internet. Our findings show that the Arabic/Muslim male received far fewer call backs, enquiries, and showings than the Swedish male. Our observations also indicate that the Swedish female met with less difficulty in terms of finding an apartment than the Swedish male. Thus, based on our findings, we conclude that ethnic, as well as gender discrimination exists in the Swedish rental housing market.
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