| 1. |
- Aho, Vilma, et al.
(författare)
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Prolonged sleep restriction induces changes in pathways involved in cholesterol metabolism and inflammatory responses
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sleep loss and insufficient sleep are risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases, but data on how insufficient sleep contributes to these diseases are scarce. These questions were addressed using two approaches: an experimental, partial sleep restriction study (14 cases and 7 control subjects) with objective verification of sleep amount, and two independent epidemiological cohorts (altogether 2739 individuals) with questions of sleep insufficiency. In both approaches, blood transcriptome and serum metabolome were analysed. Sleep loss decreased the expression of genes encoding cholesterol transporters and increased expression in pathways involved in inflammatory responses in both paradigms. Metabolomic analyses revealed lower circulating large HDL in the population cohorts among subjects reporting insufficient sleep, while circulating LDL decreased in the experimental sleep restriction study. These findings suggest that prolonged sleep deprivation modifies inflammatory and cholesterol pathways at the level of gene expression and serum lipoproteins, inducing changes toward potentially higher risk for cardiometabolic diseases.
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| 2. |
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Changing Social Equality : The Nordic welfare model in the 21st century
- 2012
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Changing social equality through state policies was perhaps the greatest legacy of the twentieth century. The Nordic countries in particular have been able to raise living standards and curb inequalities without compromising economic growth. But with social inequalities on the rise, how do they fare when compared with countries with alternative welfare models, such as the UK, the Netherlands and Germany? Taking a comparative perspective, this book casts light on the changing inequalities in Europe. Contributions from experts in a range of fields examine the causes, direction and impact of changes, investigating whether support for egalitarian policies is diminishing and whether policies are becoming less effective at reducing inequalities. The book demonstrates how the Nordic countries seem to be on a track that will eventually lead to a welfare model where ‘some are more equal than others’.
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| 3. |
- Ervasti, Heikki, et al.
(författare)
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The Nordic Model
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nordic Social Attitudes in a European Perspective. - : Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, Cheltenham. - 978 1 84720 931 3 ; , s. 1-21
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Fritzell, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-Temporal and Cross-National Poverty and Mortality Rates among Developed Countries
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental and Public health. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-9805 .- 1687-9813. ; 2013
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prime objective of welfare state activities is to take action to enhance population health and to decrease mortality risks. For several centuries, poverty has been seen as a key social risk factor in these respects. Consequently, the fight against poverty has historically been at the forefront of public health and social policy. The relationship between relative poverty rates and population health indicators is less self-evident, notwithstanding the obvious similarity to the debated topic of the relationship between population health and income inequality. In this study we undertake a comparative analysis of the relationship between relative poverty and mortality across 26 countries over time, with pooled cross-sectional time series analysis. We utilize data from the Luxembourg Income Study to construct age-specific poverty rates across countries and time covering the period from around 1980 to 2005, merged with data on age- and gender-specific mortality data from the Human Mortality Database. Our results suggest not only an impact of relative poverty but also clear differences by welfare regime that partly goes beyond the well-known differences in poverty rates between welfare regimes.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Kvist, Jon, et al.
(författare)
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Nordic responses to rising inequalities : still pursuing a distinct path or joining the rest?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Changing Social Equality. - Bristol : Policy Press. - 184742659X ; , s. 201-205
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Whether the Nordic countries have stemmed the international tide of inequality better, worse or merely different from other Western countries is the question addressed in this final chapter. Applying the results of the analysis in the previous chapters, this chapter prepares trends across different aspects of inequality and the Nordic welfare model. The findings point towards a complex transformation of the Nordic welfare model. The overall aim of motivating individuals and helping them find work, form families and excel in society may be intact. However, the mix of policies has become ambiguous in relation to the aims of promoting individuals' agency and protecting their level of living outside work. At the same time, rewarding employment is becoming more dominant.
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