| 1. |
- Andersson, Sten-Ove, 1953-
(författare)
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Militär akutsjukvård i fält : när den övade verkligheten blir verklig
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims: Governing for the Armed Forces health care is respect for human dignity and the view of each individual as irreplaceable. The quality of the military care will be at a level equivalent to that of today's civil peace healthcare, which requires that the training is of high quality. Casualty care in the military environment is a complex, challenging and dangerous task. Today there is a lack of knowledge about how to learn these skills. The purpose of the research was to identify the knowledge area pre-hospital care in the military environment by examining what doctors, nurses, paramedics and officers learn about military health care during preparation and exercise.Method: A phenomenographic approach was used in all sub-studies, and empirical data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. Study I‐III are cross-sectional studies and study IV is a longitudinal study. Twelve registered nurses who had served in Bosnia were interviewed for study I, and 24 conscript paramedics were interviewed for study II. Study III included 20 officers in their pre-deployment training for service in Afghanistan and Liberia, and Study IV included 7 doctors and twenty nurses who previously had served in Afghanistan, Bosnia, Kosovo and Liberia.Results: Learning military health care by training and gaining experience can be seen as different abilities; interaction, action and reflection. In-depth analysis at a meta--‐level revealed that the integration between the military and military medical fields of knowledge was missing. The results indicate that participants' understanding of their respective fields of knowledge is inadequate and needs to be integrated in education in a clearer way.Implications: To create opportunities for better education and integration in these fields of knowledge are proposed (1) that the findings of the thesis could be utilised to develop the design of the curriculum (2) the inter-professional learning is introduced as a part of creating a safer and more effective pre-hospital care, (3) the clinical competence becomes part of the development of pre-hospital emergency care in the field, and (4) that the training is built according to the principle of "train as you fight" with emphasis on the requirements in the combat zone.
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| 2. |
- Bianchi, Matteo, et al.
(författare)
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Contribution of rare genetic variation to disease susceptibility in a large Scandinavian myositis cohort
- 2022
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 74:2, s. 342-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a heterogeneous group of complex autoimmune conditions characterized by inflammation in skeletal muscle and extramuscular compartments, and interferon (IFN) system activation. We undertook this study to examine the contribution of genetic variation to disease susceptibility and to identify novel avenues for research in IIMs.Methods Targeted DNA sequencing was used to mine coding and potentially regulatory single nucleotide variants from ~1,900 immune-related genes in a Scandinavian case–control cohort of 454 IIM patients and 1,024 healthy controls. Gene-based aggregate testing, together with rare variant– and gene-level enrichment analyses, was implemented to explore genotype–phenotype relations.Results Gene-based aggregate tests of all variants, including rare variants, identified IFI35 as a potential genetic risk locus for IIMs, suggesting a genetic signature of type I IFN pathway activation. Functional annotation of the IFI35 locus highlighted a regulatory network linked to the skeletal muscle–specific gene PTGES3L, as a potential candidate for IIM pathogenesis. Aggregate genetic associations with AGER and PSMB8 in the major histocompatibility complex locus were detected in the antisynthetase syndrome subgroup, which also showed a less marked genetic signature of the type I IFN pathway. Enrichment analyses indicated a burden of synonymous and noncoding rare variants in IIM patients, suggesting increased disease predisposition associated with these classes of rare variants.Conclusion Our study suggests the contribution of rare genetic variation to disease susceptibility in IIM and specific patient subgroups, and pinpoints genetic associations consistent with previous findings by gene expression profiling. These features highlight genetic profiles that are potentially relevant to disease pathogenesis.
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| 3. |
- Josyula, Sai Prashanth, 1992-
(författare)
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Parallel algorithms for real-time railway rescheduling
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In railway traffic systems, it is essential to achieve a high punctuality to satisfy the goals of the involved stakeholders. Thus, whenever disturbances occur, it is important to effectively reschedule trains while considering the perspectives of various stakeholders. The train rescheduling problem is a complex task to solve, both from a practical and a computational perspective. From the latter perspective, a reason for the complexity is that the rescheduling solution(s) of interest may be dispersed across a large solution space. This space needs to be navigated fast while avoiding portions leading to undesirable solutions and exploring portions leading to potentially desirable solutions. The use of parallel computing enables such a fast navigation of the search tree. Though competitive algorithmic approaches for train rescheduling are a widespread topic of research, limited research has been conducted to explore the opportunities and challenges in parallelizing them.This thesis presents research studies on how trains can be effectively rescheduled while considering the perspectives of passengers along with that of other stakeholders. Parallel computing is employed, with the aim of advancing knowledge about parallel algorithms for solving the problem under consideration.The presented research contributes with parallel algorithms that reschedule a train timetable during disturbances and studies the incorporation of passenger perspectives during rescheduling. Results show that the use of parallel algorithms for train rescheduling improves the speed of solution space navigation and the quality of the obtained solution(s) within the computational time limit.This thesis consists of an introduction and overview of the work, followed by four research papers which present: (1) A literature review of studies that propose and apply computational support for train rescheduling with a passenger-oriented objective; (2) A parallel heuristic algorithm to solve the train rescheduling problem on a multi-core parallel architecture; (3) A conflict detection module for train rescheduling, which performs its computations on a graphics processing unit; and (4) A redesigned parallel algorithm that considers multiple objectives while rescheduling.
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| 4. |
- Lundtoft, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Complement C4 Copy Number Variation is Linked to SSA/Ro and SSB/La Autoantibodies in Systemic Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases
- 2022
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 74:8, s. 1440-1450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Copy number variation of the C4 complement components, C4A and C4B, has been associated with systemic inflammatory autoimmune diseases. This study was undertaken to investigate whether C4 copy number variation is connected to the autoimmune repertoire in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjogrens syndrome (SS), or myositis. Methods Using targeted DNA sequencing, we determined the copy number and genetic variants of C4 in 2,290 well-characterized Scandinavian patients with SLE, primary SS, or myositis and 1,251 healthy controls. Results A prominent relationship was observed between C4A copy number and the presence of SSA/SSB autoantibodies, which was shared between the 3 diseases. The strongest association was detected in patients with autoantibodies against both SSA and SSB and 0 C4A copies when compared to healthy controls (odds ratio [OR] 18.0 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 10.2-33.3]), whereas a weaker association was seen in patients without SSA/SSB autoantibodies (OR 3.1 [95% CI 1.7-5.5]). The copy number of C4 correlated positively with C4 plasma levels. Further, a common loss-of-function variant in C4A leading to reduced plasma C4 was more prevalent in SLE patients with a low copy number of C4A. Functionally, we showed that absence of C4A reduced the individuals capacity to deposit C4b on immune complexes. Conclusion We show that a low C4A copy number is more strongly associated with the autoantibody repertoire than with the clinically defined disease entities. These findings may have implications for understanding the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of systemic inflammatory autoimmune diseases and for patient stratification when taking the genetic profile into account.
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| 5. |
- Schildt, Maria, 1966-
(författare)
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Gustav Düben at Work : Musical Repertory and Practice of Swedish Court Musicians, 1663-1690
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation is concerned with musical transfer in seventeenth-century northern Europe, and in particular the repertory and the musical practice of the musicians of the Swedish royal court during the period of the tenure of Gustav Düben as court chapel master (1663–1690). The starting point of and the precondition for the study is provided by the extensive musical collection, the Düben Collection, held by Uppsala University library: the remnants of the music library of the Düben family of whom four were Swedish court chapel masters. The collection has not previously been considered systematically in its entirety and the present study has answered many questions in areas such as establishing the function of the music as the repertory of the court musicians, the connection with the German Church in Stockholm and the identification of many of the anonymous sources and of concordances outside the collection. The extant music has been identified as belonging to specific areas of repertory, for example music for weddings, funerals and secular courtly divertissements. The study considers the different aspects of response to cultural transfer, above all the processes of the adaption of the music to the local context, and two forms of adaptation are specifically considered, the alteration of the texts and the modification of the scoring. Finally, the extant music composed by Gustav Düben has been narrowed down and is discussed with a special focus on borrowing and the practice of imitatio.
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| 6. |
- Singh, Shailesh Pratap, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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From Traditional to Next Generation AAA: A reference Architecture for a dedicated IoT Network
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IV International Scientific Conference “Convergent Cognitive Information Technologies”.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emerging scenarios for the “Internet of Things” (IoT) require a dedicated software defined network over the conventional communication network provided by the different service providers and free to use communication methodologies. These IoT networks have their own dedicated requirements, based on the different stakeholders involved in it, which can be realized via dynamic context-based authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA). This AAA needs to be envisaged in a much larger perspective than the current perspective in telecom networks. As part of this study, we have identified a few external stakeholders, who are domain and IoT experts and discussed the various requirements, scenarios and change scenarios for the dedicated IoT networks. Relying on Zachman’s framework, a reference architecture that we call as “Smart AAA agent for dedicated IoT network” is presented to the domain experts and evaluated against their scenarios utilizing a scenario-based software architecture analysis method. The scenarios discussed and utilized for the analysis encompass two ends of the IoT spectrum of requirements. The medical domain scenarios have critical IoT perspective as lives and health of patients is involved, while the enterprise IoT scenarios involve huge scalability and monetizability aspect, which is very important for the industry. With this reference architecture, we demonstrate a system capable of providing a software defined network fulfilling the requirements of a dedicated IoT network as enlisted in scenarios by the external stakeholders. Furthermore, this proposed reference architecture is evaluated with a software architect and matured to its current state and made available for any future research, development or standardization for 5G and next generation networks for the Internet of Things.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Singh, Shailesh Pratap, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Smart and Adaptive Architecture for a Dedicated Internet of Things Network Comprised of Diverse Entities : A Proposal and Evaluation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 22:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Advances in 5G and the Internet of Things (IoT) have to cater to the diverse and varying needs of different stakeholders, devices, sensors, applications, networks, and access technologies that come together for a dedicated IoT network for a synergistic purpose. Therefore, there is a need for a solution that can assimilate the various requirements and policies to dynamically and intelligently orchestrate them in the dedicated IoT network. Thus we identify and describe a representative industry-relevant use case for such a smart and adaptive environment through interviews with experts from a leading telecommunication vendor. We further propose and evaluate candidate architectures to achieve dynamic and intelligent orchestration in such a smart environment using a systematic approach for architecture design and by engaging six senior domain and IoT experts. The candidate architecture with an adaptive and intelligent element (“Smart AAA agent”) was found superior for modifiability, scalability, and performance in the assessments. This architecture also explores the enhanced role of authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) and makes the base for complete orchestration. The results indicate that the proposed architecture can meet the requirements for a dedicated IoT network, which may be used in further research or as a reference for industry solutions. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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| 9. |
- Singh, Shailesh Pratap, 1976-
(författare)
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System Architectures and Trade-offs for an Internet of Things Network
- 2023
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The emerging scenarios and use cases for the Internet of Things (IoT) and the latest developments of 5G and beyond networks envision a connected world with diverse stakeholders as an integral and dynamic part of it. The synergistic coming together of the different stakeholders also brings along with it different values, requirements, and policies that need to be orchestrated in an automated and agile manner. This presents a requirement for a dynamic and context-aware system that can provide the assimilation of the different policies and requirements of the stakeholders and perform a dynamic orchestration in the system. Artificial intelligence has a major role in bringing in the desired adaptability and automation in the context-aware system. Besides, with the advent of fog computing for IoT and multi-access edge computing (MEC) in 5G, the execution location also introduces benefits and challenges bringing along different engineering trade-offs such as for execution performance, maintainability, and usability.This thesis aims at exploring and analyzing the engineering trade-offs of employing (artificial intelligence) AI-based and a static rule-based system for these orchestration requirements. It further explores the engineering trade-offs of employing the proposed systems at a cloud-only or fog setup. Scenarios are taken from different industry experts and evolved further. Different architecture solutions are proposed and a scenario-based architecture assessment is performed. A PERT (Program Evaluation Review Technique) analysis is also performed for the systems and the change scenarios for them. Two prototypes are developed using C++ and an expert system (for AI) and measurements are captured and evaluated for the different scenarios and configurations. The performance trade-offs of the execution of the scenarios on the two prototypes while executing over fog or cloud-only setups are evaluated. Execution performance is measured in terms of the time taken for the execution and a comparative analysis is done with graphs and charts explaining the various execution trade-offs. Maintainability and usability trade-offs are also discussed in the light of the two reference systems executing on the two locations, viz. fog, and cloud. As the next-generation IoT and telecommunication systems have diverse and strict quality of service (QoS) requirements, the challenges of learning in the system are evaluated and discussed in the thesis. Bayesian networks and probabilistic programming are explored and evaluated for validating the input of small data for evolving an existing expert system model.
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