| 1. |
- Abelev, B., et al.
(författare)
-
Long-range angular correlations of pi, K and p in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 726:1-3, s. 164-177
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger particles and various species of charged associated particles (unidentified particles, pions, kaons, protons and antiprotons) are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV in the transverse-momentum range 0.3 < p(T) < 4 GeV/c. The correlations expressed as associated yield per trigger particle are obtained in the pseudorapidity range vertical bar n(lab)vertical bar < 0.8. Fourier coefficients are extracted from the long-range correlations projected onto the azimuthal angle difference and studied as a function of p(T) and in intervals of event multiplicity. In high-multiplicity events, the second-order coefficient for protons, 4, is observed to be smaller than that for pions, v(2)(pi), up to about p(T) = 2 GeV/c. To reduce correlations due to jets, the per-trigger yield measured in low-multiplicity events is subtracted from that in high-multiplicity events. A two-ridge structure is obtained for all particle species. The Fourier decomposition of this structure shows that the second-order coefficients for pions and kaons are similar. The v(2)(p) is found to be smaller at low P-T and larger at higher p(T) than v(2)(pi), with a crossing occurring at about 2 GeV/c. This is qualitatively similar to the elliptic-flow pattern observed in heavy-ion collisions. A mass ordering effect at low transverse momenta is consistent with expectations from hydrodynamic model calculations assuming a collectively expanding system. (C) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Abelev, B., et al.
(författare)
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Two- and three-pion quantum statistics correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN=2.76 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 89:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Correlations induced by quantum statistics are sensitive to the spatiotemporal extent as well as dynamics of particle-emitting sources in heavy-ion collisions. In addition, such correlations can be used to search for the presence of a coherent component of pion production. Two- and three-pion correlations of same and mixed charge are measured at low relative momentum to estimate the coherent fraction of charged pions in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN = 2.76 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider with ALICE. The genuine three-pion quantum statistics correlation is found to be suppressed relative to the two-pion correlation based on the assumption of fully chaotic pion emission. The suppression is observed to decrease with triplet momentum. The observed suppression at low triplet momentum may correspond to a coherent fraction in charged-pion emission of 23% +/- 8%.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Berga, Mercè, et al.
(författare)
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Functional and Compositional Stability of Bacterial Metacommunities in Response to Salinity Changes
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-302X. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disturbances and environmental change are important factors determining the diversity,composition, and functioning of communities. However, knowledge about how naturalbacterial communities are affected by such perturbations is still sparse. We performeda whole ecosystem manipulation experiment with freshwater rock pools where weapplied salinity disturbances of different intensities. The aim was to test how thecompositional and functional resistance and resilience of bacterial communities,alpha- and beta-diversity and the relative importance of stochastic and deterministiccommunity assembly processes changed along a disturbance intensity gradient.We found that bacterial communities were functionally resistant to all salinity levels (3, 6, and 12 psu) and compositionally resistant to a salinity increase to 3 psu andresilient to increases of 6 and 12 psu. Increasing salinities had no effect on local richnessand evenness, beta-diversity and the proportion of deterministically vs. stochasticallyassembled communities. Our results show a high functional and compositional stabilityof bacterial communities to salinity changes of different intensities both at localand regional scales, which possibly reflects long-term adaptation to environmentalconditions in the study system.
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| 6. |
- Fu, Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Uniaxial anisotropy and its manipulation in amorphous Co68Fe24Zr8 thin films (invited)
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 115:17, s. 172605-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have proven that the growth of Co68Fe24Zr8 layers under external field yields a uniaxial anisotropy, defined by the direction of the field. No magnetic coupling is present between Co68Fe24Zr8 layers when separated by a 3 nm of Al70Zr30. The anisotropy axis can therefore be manipulated at will and the direction can be tailored, layer by layer in multilayers, by the choice of the direction of the applied field during growth. The g-factor (2.13) and the anisotropy constant, obtained from ferromagnetic resonance, support the existence of short-range order. The relation between the temperature dependences of magnetic anisotropy and magnetization are partially captured by Callen-Callen power law. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
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| 7. |
- Georgantzi, Kleopatra, et al.
(författare)
-
Diagnostic Ultrasound-Guided Cutting Needle Biopsies in Neuroblastoma : a safe and efficient procedure
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 0022-3468 .- 1531-5037. ; 54:6, s. 1253-1256
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundNeuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood and accounts for 15% of deaths in pediatric oncology. Apart from the clinical stage at diagnosis, molecular factors are important for the characterization of the tumor and for decision on adequate treatment. Pretreatment diagnosis and molecular profiling are based on analysis of a tumor sample, obtained either by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), cutting needle biopsy or open surgical biopsy. The method used depends on local tradition and routines. Ultrasound-guided cutting needle biopsy (UCNB) has been used at the Uppsala University Hospital since 1988 for diagnosis of pediatric solid tumors.ProceduresMedical records of 29 patients with NB who underwent pretreatment, diagnostic, ultrasound-guided needle biopsy were reviewed. Information extracted from the patients’ records included: age at diagnosis, gender, tumor site, clinical stage, molecular profiling made on biopsies (e.g. MYCN status, ploidy and chromosomal aberrations), and UCNB complications (i.e. bleeding, pain, or anesthesiologic complications).ResultsA total of 34 UCNBs were performed in the 29 patients. Repeated biopsies were done in three patients. UCNB was diagnostic in 90% (26/29). A complete molecular profiling was obtained in all UCNBs after 2008. Two patients (7%) developed a significant bleeding and two (7%) needed analgesics following UCNB. Neither infection nor tumor growth in the needle tract was observed. There were no anesthesiologic complications.ConclusionsUCNB is reasonably safe in patients with NB and usually gives a sufficient amount of tumor tissue for a histological diagnosis, molecular profiling, and biobank storage.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Pirzadeh Irannezhad, Laleh, 1985
(författare)
-
Security and Risk Assessment: Black box modeling, Taxonomy and Systematic Literature Review
- 2016
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In order to successfully perform and manage any type of project, there is a need to identify and assess the key factors that have an effect on the project's performance and its deliverables. Security and risk are two important concepts in contemporary information system industry that need to be assessed and addressed. Unfortunately, there exists no clear overall view of the key factors that are involved in the security and risk assessment processes.This thesis attempts to highlight the effect of system attributes and operation on security and risk assessment. Moreover, due to criticality of risk assessment in both information system and software development projects, the thesis attempts to clarify the assessment process by identifying and categorizing existing approaches and investigating their difference. To that end, the thesis proposes a structured approach for assessment and metrication of operational security that is based on black box modeling for categorizing security metrics as being protective or behavioral, and integrity metrics as being system-related or threat-related. The thesis also proposes a novel factor for improving reliability of security risk calculation and analysis by taking system operational factors into account. Another contribution of the thesis is taxonomy for the risk assessment process in which key players and phases in the risk assessment process are identified. Finally, different risk management strategies among various software development processes are investigated to identify potential advantages of one to the other.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Beedle, M., et al.
(författare)
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Improving estimation of glacier volume change: a GLIMS case study of Bering Glacier System, Alaska.
- 2008
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Ingår i: The Cryosphere. - 1994-0416. ; 2:1, s. 33-51
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) project has developed tools and methods that can be employed by analysts to create accurate glacier outlines. To illustrate the importance of accurate glacier outlines and the effectiveness of GLIMS standards we conducted a case study on Bering Glacier System (BGS), Alaska. BGS is a complex glacier system aggregated from multiple drainage basins, numerous tributaries, and many accumulation areas. Published measurements of BGS surface area vary from 1740 to 6200 km2, depending on how the boundaries of this system have been defined. Utilizing GLIMS tools and standards we have completed a new outline (3630 km2) and analysis of the area-altitude distribution (hypsometry) of BGS using Landsat images from 2000 and 2001 and a US Geological Survey 15-min digital elevation model. We compared this new hypsometry with three different hypsometries to illustrate the errors that result from the widely varying estimates of BGS extent. The use of different BGS hypsometries results in highly variable measures of volume change and net balance (bn). Applying a simple hypsometry-dependent mass-balance model to different hypsometries results in a bn rate range of −1.0 to −3.1 m a−1 water equivalent (W.E.), a volume change range of −3.8 to −6.7 km3 a−1 W.E., and a near doubling in contributions to sea level equivalent, 0.011 mm a−1 to 0.019 mm a−1. Current inaccuracies in glacier outlines hinder our ability to correctly quantify glacier change. Understanding of glacier extents can become comprehensive and accurate. Such accuracy is possible with the increasing volume of satellite imagery of glacierized regions, recent advances in tools and standards, and dedication to this important task.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Burkert, E, et al.
(författare)
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Cell type-dependent activation of 5-lipoxygenase by arachidonic acid
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Journal of leukocyte biology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0741-5400 .- 1938-3673. ; 73:1, s. 191-200
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of proinflammatory leukotrienes. We show that stimulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL), rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-1, or transfected HeLa cells with arachidonic acid (AA) caused prominent 5-LO product formation that coincided with the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. 5-LO product formation in AA-stimulated PMNL and RBL-1 cells was independent of Ca2+. However, in HeLa cells expressing a 5-LO mutant lacking potential 5-LO phosphorylation sites, removal of Ca2+ caused a prominent loss of 5-LO activity. For Mono Mac 6 (MM6) cells, A failed to activate ERKs, and AA-induced 5-LO product formation was only minute. Also, activation of ERKs by phorbol esters did not lead to prominent 5-LO product synthesis. Instead, 5-LO activation in MM6 cells required Ca2+ or alternative signaling pathways induced by hyperosmotic stress. In summary, mechanisms for activation of 5-LO differ considerably between cell types.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Chhor, Vibol, et al.
(författare)
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Role of microglia in a mouse model of paediatric traumatic brain injury.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Brain, behavior, and immunity. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2139 .- 0889-1591. ; 63, s. 197-209
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cognitive and behavioural deficits caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI) to the immature brain are more severe and persistent than TBI in the mature brain. Understanding this developmental sensitivity is critical as children under four years of age sustain TBI more frequently than any other age group. Microglia (MG), resident immune cells of the brain that mediate neuroinflammation, are activated following TBI in the immature brain. However, the type and temporal profile of this activation and the consequences of altering it are still largely unknown. In a mouse model of closed head weight drop paediatric brain trauma, we characterized i) the temporal course of total cortical neuroinflammation and the phenotype of ex vivo isolated CD11B-positive microglia/macrophage (MG/MΦ) using a battery of 32 markers, and ii) neuropathological outcome 1 and 5days post-injury. We also assessed the effects of targeting MG/MΦ activation directly, using minocycline a prototypical microglial activation antagonist, on these processes and outcome. TBI induced a moderate increase in both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in the ipsilateral hemisphere. Isolated cortical MG/MΦ expressed increased levels of markers of endogenous reparatory/regenerative and immunomodulatory phenotypes compared with shams. Blocking MG/MΦ activation with minocycline at the time of injury and 1 and 2days post-injury had only transient protective effects, reducing ventricular dilatation and cell death 1day post-injury but having no effect on injury severity at 5days. This study demonstrates that, unlike in adults, the role of MG/MΦ in injury mechanisms following TBI in the immature brain may not be negative. An improved understanding of MG/MΦ function in paediatric TBI could support translational efforts to design therapeutic interventions.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Gasi, Delila, 1982, et al.
(författare)
-
Overexpression of full-length ETV1 transcripts in clinical prostate cancer due to gene translocation.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ETV1 is overexpressed in a subset of clinical prostate cancers as a fusion transcript with many different partners. However, ETV1 can also be overexpressed as a full-length transcript. Full-length ETV1 protein functions differently from truncated ETV1 produced by fusion genes. In this study we describe the genetic background of full-length ETV1 overexpression and the biological properties of different full-length ETV1 isoforms in prostate cancer. Break-apart FISH showed in five out of six patient samples with overexpression of full-length ETV1 a genomic rearrangement of the gene, indicating frequent translocation. We were able to study the rearrangements in more detail in two tumors. In the first tumor 5'-RACE on cDNA showed linkage of the complete ETV1 transcript to the first exon of a prostate-specific two exon ncRNA gene that maps on chromosome 14 (EST14). This resulted in the expression of both full-length ETV1 transcripts and EST14-ETV1 fusion transcripts. In chromosome spreads of a xenograft derived from the second prostate cancer we observed a complex ETV1 translocation involving a chromosome 7 fragment that harbors ETV1 and fragments of chromosomes 4 and 10. Further studies revealed the overexpression of several different full-length transcripts, giving rise to four protein isoforms with different N-terminal regions. Even the shortest isoform synthesized by full-length ETV1 stimulated in vitro anchorage-independent growth of PNT2C2 prostate cells. This contrasts the lack of activity of even shorter N-truncated ETV1 produced by fusion transcripts. Our findings that in clinical prostate cancer overexpression of full-length ETV1 is due to genomic rearrangements involving different chromosomes and the identification of a shortened biologically active ETV1 isoform are highly relevant for understanding the mechanism of ETV1 function in prostate cancer.
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| 20. |
- Hochreiner, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Influence of Wooden Board Strength Class on the Performance of Cross-laminated Timber Plates Investigated by Means of Full-field Deformation Measurements
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Strain. - : Wiley. - 0039-2103 .- 1475-1305. ; 50:2, s. 161-173
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although cross-laminated timber (CLT) plates are increasingly used in high-performance building structures, a tailored composition of them or, at least, a performance-based classification scheme is not available. Especially, the influence of the quality of the ‘raw’ material (wooden boards) on the load carrying capacity of CLT elements is hardly investigated yet. For this reason, within this work, bending tests on 24 CLT plates consisting of wooden boards from three different strength classes have been carried out. The global mechanical response as well as the formation of failure mechanisms were investigated, including a full-field deformation measurement system, which allowed for a qualitatively as well as quantitatively identification of board failure modes. Interestingly, no influence of the board strength class on the elastic limit load of the CLT plates was observed, but the situation was different for the load displacement history beyond the elastic regime, where basically, two different global failure mechanisms could be distinguished. The obtained knowledge about the ‘post-elastic’ behaviour of CLT plates may serve as a basis for the optimisation of CLT products and the development or improvement of design concepts, respectively. Moreover, the obtained large ‘post-elastic’ capacity reserve of CLT consisting of high quality boards could lead to a better utilisation of the raw material.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Kremlitzka, Mariann, et al.
(författare)
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Alternative translation and retrotranslocation of cytosolic C3 that detects cytoinvasive bacteria
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1420-682X .- 1420-9071. ; 79:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complement C3 was originally regarded as a serum effector protein, although recent data has emerged suggesting that intracellular C3 can also regulate basic cellular processes. Despite the growing interest in intracellular C3 functions, the mechanism behind its generation has not been demonstrated. In this study we show that C3 can be expressed from an alternative translational start site, resulting in C3 lacking the signal peptide, which is therefore translated in the cytosol. In contrast to the secreted form, alternatively translated cytosolic C3 is not glycosylated, is present mainly in a reduced state, and is turned over by the ubiquitin–proteasome system. C3 can also be retrotranslocated from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol, structurally resembling secreted C3. Finally, we demonstrate that intracellular cytosolic C3 can opsonize invasive Staphylococcus aureus within epithelial cell, slowing vacuolar escape as well as impacting bacterial survival on subsequent exposure to phagocytes. Our work therefore reveals the existence and origin of intracellular, cytosolic C3, and demonstrates functions for cytosolic C3 in intracellular detection of cytoinvasive pathogens.
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| 25. |
- Lammer, H., et al.
(författare)
-
What makes a planet habitable?
- 2009
-
Ingår i: The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0935-4956 .- 1432-0754. ; 17:2, s. 181-249
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work reviews factors which are important for the evolution of habitable Earth-like planets such as the effects of the host star dependent radiation and particle fluxes on the evolution of atmospheres and initial water inventories. We discuss the geodynamical and geophysical environments which are necessary for planets where plate tectonics remain active over geological time scales and for planets which evolve to one-plate planets. The discoveries of methane-ethane surface lakes on Saturn's large moon Titan, subsurface water oceans or reservoirs inside the moons of Solar System gas giants such as Europa, Ganymede, Titan and Enceladus and more than 335 exoplanets, indicate that the classical definition of the habitable zone concept neglects more exotic habitats and may fail to be adequate for stars which are different from our Sun. A classification of four habitat types is proposed. Class I habitats represent bodies on which stellar and geophysical conditions allow Earth-analog planets to evolve so that complex multi-cellular life forms may originate. Class II habitats includes bodies on which life may evolve but due to stellar and geophysical conditions that are different from the class I habitats, the planets rather evolve toward Venus- or Mars-type worlds where complex life-forms may not develop. Class III habitats are planetary bodies where subsurface water oceans exist which interact directly with a silicate-rich core, while class IV habitats have liquid water layers between two ice layers, or liquids above ice. Furthermore, we discuss from the present viewpoint how life may have originated on early Earth, the possibilities that life may evolve on such Earth-like bodies and how future space missions may discover manifestations of extraterrestrial life.
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| 26. |
- Lee, Sheayun, et al.
(författare)
-
Statistical Derivation of an Accurate Energy Consumption Model for Embedded Processors
- 2002
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The energy consumption of software is becoming an increasingly important issue in designing mobile embedded systems where batteries are used as the main power source. As a consequence, recently, a number of promising techniques have been proposed to optimize software for reduced energy consumption. Such low-power software techniques require an energy consumption model that can be used to identify the factors contributing to the overall energy consumption. We propose a technique to derive an accurate energy consumption model by abstracting the energy behavior of the target processor. The proposed approach combines empirical measurement with a statistical analysis technique to approximate the actual energy consumption, whose result is a model equation that can be used to estimate software energy consumption. The model equation also provides insightful information that can be used in program optimization for low energy, by identifying the factors affecting the energy consumption of software. Experimental results show that the model equation can accurately estimate the energy consumption of a random instruction sequence, with an average error of 2.5%.
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| 27. |
- Levi, Richard
(författare)
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Philosophical practice in rehabilitation medicine grasping the potential for personal maturation in existential ruptures
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Philosophical practice. - 1742-8181. ; 5:2, s. 607-614
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rehabilitation medicine, aka Physical medicine and Rehabilitation (PM & R), is the medical specialty which focuses on optimizing function, ability, participation and life satisfaction in the light of noncurable disability and/or chronic disease. It is primarily geared towards the “so what” (i.e. consequences) than towards “what” (i.e. causes). PM & R is holistic and patient-centred, thus comprising a well-suited arena for dialogue and patient participation. Many patients experience a severe crisis reaction in the aftermath of major trauma or disease. This “existential rupture” calls for a fundamental revaluation of many aspects of daily life. Crisis management will not merely be a matter of mourning and then back to “business as usual,” as this often is either not possible or not the optimal choice given altered life circumstances. We propose that philosophical practice (PP) may be an important addition to the rehabilitation process, by facilitating “lifeworld analyses” and thereby making it possible for the patient to find sources of meaning in life despite disability. This “therapy for the sane” (albeit disabled) comprises PP rather than psychiatric or psychotherapeutic interventions, and may come to be seen as a key aspect in the training of future physiatrists and other rehabilitation specialists.
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| 28. |
- Lindroos, Lukas, 1986
(författare)
-
Stacking of interferometric data - a submillimetre and radio view on the evolution of distant galaxies
- 2016
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Understanding the processes of galaxy evolution requires observational constraints on the physical properties of galaxies at different times in the history of the universe. Large and deep surveys at visible and near-infrared wavelengths have produced extensive catalogues of high-redshift galaxies, spanning a large range of the history of the universe. Over this time the galaxies undergo significant evolution, increasing not only their stellar content, but also their physical size. In this thesis I will present results from observations of star-forming galaxies at submm and radio wavelengths. Observations at these longer wavelengths probe young stars, showing where new stars are formed in the galaxies. The observations presented in this thesis show that, for star-forming galaxies out to z ≈ 3, the sizes measured at submm and radio wavelengths are significantly smaller than those measured at near-infrared wavelengths. This implies that most stars are formed in the centre of galaxies, indicating that in the absence of other size evolution mechanisms we expect the typical effective radii of galaxies to decrease with time. It highlights the need for other size evolution mechanisms, such as minor mergers or changes in the galaxies due to stellar feedback. A major part of this thesis investigates the technique of stacking for interferometric data. Stacking is a technique to study statistical properties of populations, and is currently essential for the study of high-redshift, star-forming galaxies at submm and radio wavelengths, as many of high-redshift galaxies are too faint to be observed directly. Typically, stacking at different wavelengths ranges is done using deep imaging surveys observed with a single telescope. However, interferometry is not a direct imaging technique, and this presents a number of challenges to stacking. We present a new stacking algorithm that works directly on the visibilities; we refer to it as uv-stacking. We compare this algorithm to an image-stacking algorithm, i.e., an algorithm that stacks the sources directly in the imaged data. The uv-stacking algorithm is found to yield more robust results than the image-stacking algorithm. It is of particular interest for size measurement of stacked galaxies, as it preserves the uv data through stacking, and allows for robust model fitting of the stacked data.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Manga, Edda, 1969-
(författare)
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The Flotilla Effect
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Palestine Studies. - 0377-919X .- 1533-8614. ; 40:3, s. 117-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 31. |
- Manga, Edda, 1969-
(författare)
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Victims and Martyrs
- 2011
-
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Nobile, F., et al.
(författare)
-
An anisotropic sparse grid stochastic collocation method for partial differential equations with random input data
- 2008
-
Ingår i: SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis. - : Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics (SIAM). - 0036-1429 .- 1095-7170. ; 46:5, s. 2411-2442
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work proposes and analyzes an anisotropic sparse grid stochastic collocation method for solving partial differential equations with random coefficients and forcing terms ( input data of the model). The method consists of a Galerkin approximation in the space variables and a collocation, in probability space, on sparse tensor product grids utilizing either Clenshaw-Curtis or Gaussian knots. Even in the presence of nonlinearities, the collocation approach leads to the solution of uncoupled deterministic problems, just as in the Monte Carlo method. This work includes a priori and a posteriori procedures to adapt the anisotropy of the sparse grids to each given problem. These procedures seem to be very effective for the problems under study. The proposed method combines the advantages of isotropic sparse collocation with those of anisotropic full tensor product collocation: the first approach is effective for problems depending on random variables which weigh approximately equally in the solution, while the benefits of the latter approach become apparent when solving highly anisotropic problems depending on a relatively small number of random variables, as in the case where input random variables are Karhunen-Loeve truncations of "smooth" random fields. This work also provides a rigorous convergence analysis of the fully discrete problem and demonstrates ( sub) exponential convergence in the asymptotic regime and algebraic convergence in the preasymptotic regime, with respect to the total number of collocation points. It also shows that the anisotropic approximation breaks the curse of dimensionality for a wide set of problems. Numerical examples illustrate the theoretical results and are used to compare this approach with several others, including the standard Monte Carlo. In particular, for moderately large-dimensional problems, the sparse grid approach with a properly chosen anisotropy seems to be very efficient and superior to all examined methods.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Raivio, Magdalena, Fil. Dr. 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Caring for Worldviews in Early Childhood Education : Theoretical and Analytical Tool for Socially Sustainable Communities of Care
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 14:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Societies of today are becoming increasingly pluralistic. This applies also to the diversity of values and worldviews in Swedish early childhood education and care (ECEC). Still, in the increasingly secular contexts, societal hegemony often fails to include children’s home religions and worldviews in the actions and understandings aiming towards inclusiveness. We argue that it is of critical importance to also include the plurality of worldviews in the educational perception of “the whole child” in the care and education taking place in ECEC. The purpose of this article is to connect the discussions in the fields of intercultural and interreligious education, in particular those dealing with the diversity of religions and worldviews, to discussions on care and social sustainability in ECEC. The UN Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development promotes inclusive and equitable education, and the Convention on the Rights of the Child states children’s right to freedom of religion and a concern for the spiritual, moral, and social development. Our previous findings have illustrated the importance of religions and worldviews in the intercultural work within early childhood education, both empirically and conceptually, and as part of the moral core of teaching. This article employs feminist and postcolonial ethics of care as a theoretical lens in elaborating on the three key notions: social sustainability, care, and worldviews. Several discursive challenges that ECEC teachers in Sweden face in their work, to enhance social sustainability by supporting the child’s well-being and sense of belonging in the ECEC, have been outlined. To conclude, we bring forth a theoretical and analytical tool for the understanding, researching, and planning of socially sustainable communities of care.
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| 38. |
-
Resistance Studies Reader 2008
- 2009
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book is the result of the frst year of published articles within the framework of the Resistance Studies Magazine. All authors contribute in their own specifc way to the feld of resistance studies. Simultaneously as they connect to well known themes in the social sciences and humanities, they produce something new and valuable, depart- ing in the experiences, problems and consequences of different forms of resistance. It would be an act of hubris to summarise these approaches, trying to make them con- form to a single narrative or a programmatic declaration. Rather, the reader is invited to fnd his or her own way through the articles, to make connections, make use of con- cepts, start up new discussions, or simply enjoy the richness of approaches laid out on almost two hundred pages of interesting texts.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Visinelli, Luca
(författare)
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Condensation of galactic cold dark matter
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2016:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider the steady-state regime describing the density profile of a dark matter halo, if dark matter is treated as a Bose-Einstein condensate. We first solve the fluid equation for ''canonical'' cold dark matter, obtaining a class of density profiles which includes the Navarro-Frenk-White profile, and which diverge at the halo core. We then solve numerically the equation obtained when an additional ''quantum pressure'' term is included in the computation of the density profile. The solution to this latter case is finite at the halo core, possibly avoiding the ''cuspy halo problem'' present in some cold dark matter theories. Within the model proposed, we predict the mass of the cold dark matter particle to be of the order of Mχ c2 10-24 eV, which is of the same order of magnitude as that predicted in ultra-light scalar cold dark matter models. Finally, we derive the differential equation describing perturbations in the density and the pressure of the dark matter fluid.
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| 42. |
- Wang, Lixiang, et al.
(författare)
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The Emerging Role of Topical Ocular Drugs to Target the Posterior Eye
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ophthalmology and Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2193-8245 .- 2193-6528. ; 10:3, s. 465-494
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevalence of chronic fundus diseases is increasing with the aging of the general population. The treatment of these intraocular diseases relies on invasive drug delivery because of the globular structure and multiple barriers of the eye. Frequent intraocular injections bring heavy burdens to the medical care system and patients. The use of topical drugs to treat retinal diseases has always been an attractive solution. The fast development of new materials and technologies brings the possibility to develop innovative topical formulations. This article reviews anatomical and physiological barriers of the eye which affect the bioavailability of topical drugs. In addition, we summarize innovative topical formulations which enhance the permeability of drugs through the ocular surface and/or extend the drug retention time in the eye. This article also reviews the differences of eyes between different laboratory animals to address the translational challenges of preclinical models. The fast development of in vitro eye models may provide more tools to increase the clinical translationality of topical formulations for intraocular diseases. Clinical successes of topical formulations rely on continuous and collaborative efforts between different disciplines.
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| 43. |
- Weatherspoon, Hakim, et al.
(författare)
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GOSSIP: Gossiping Over Storage Systems Is Practical
- 2007. - 1
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Ingår i: ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 0163-5980. ; 41, s. 75-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gossip-based mechanisms are touted for their simplicity, limited resource usage, robustness to failures, and tunable system behavior. These qualities make gossiping an ideal mechanism for storage systems that are responsible for maintaining and updating data in a mist of failures and limited resources (e.g., intermittent network connectivity, limited bandwidth, constrained communication range, or limited battery power). We focus on persistent storage systems that, unlike mere caches, are responsible for both the durability and the consistency of data. Examples of such systems may be encountered in many different environments, in particular: wide-area networks (constrained by limited bandwidth), wireless sensor networks (characterized by limited resources), and mobile ad hoc networks (suffering from intermittent connectivity). In this paper, we demonstrate the qualities of gossiping in these three respective environments.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Wijkman, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of sacubitril/valsartan on glycemia in patients with diabetes and heart failure: the PARAGON-HF and PARADIGM-HF trials
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cardiovascular Diabetology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2840. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Compared with enalapril, sacubitril/valsartan lowered HbA1c and reduced new insulin therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and diabetes in the PARADIGM-HF trial. We sought to assess the glycemic effects of sacubitril/valsartan in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and diabetes, and across the spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in heart failure and diabetes. Methods We compared the effect of sacubitril/valsartan, relative to valsartan, on HbA1c, new insulin therapy and hypoglycemia in the randomized controlled trial PARAGON-HF, and performed pooled analyses of PARAGON-HF and PARADIGM-HF. Results Among 2395 patients with HFpEF and diabetes in PARAGON-HF, sacubitril/valsartan compared with valsartan reduced HbA1c (baseline-adjusted between-group difference in HbA1c change at 48 weeks: - 0.24%, 95% CI - 0.33 to - 0.16%, P < 0.001). Numerically, new insulin treatment was initiated less often in the sacubitril/valsartan group than in the valsartan group, but the difference was not statistically significant (12.8% vs. 16.1%; HR: 0.80, 95% CI 0.62-1.02, P = 0.07). Hypoglycemia adverse event reports were low, but more frequent in those receiving sacubitril/valsartan than in the valsartan group (4.2% vs. 2.6%; HR: 1.64, 95% CI 1.05-2.56, P = 0.030). In a pooled analysis of PARAGON-HF and PARADIGM-HF, the effect of sacubitril/valsartan on change in HbA1c was not significantly modified by LVEF (P-interaction = 0.56). Across the spectrum of LVEF, sacubitril/valsartan reduced new insulin therapy (HR: 0.75, 95% CI 0.63-0.89, P = 0.001), compared with enalapril or valsartan. Conclusions Sacubitril/valsartan reduced HbA1c and new insulin therapy in patients with heart failure and diabetes across the spectrum of LVEF but may be associated with a slightly higher risk for hypoglycemia. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01920711
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| 46. |
- Yeşilbaş, Merve, et al.
(författare)
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Residence times of nanoconfined CO2 in layered aluminosilicates
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Science: Nano. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2051-8153 .- 2051-8161. ; 6:1, s. 146-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanoconfinement of CO2 in layered aluminosilicates contributes to the capture and release of this greenhouse gas in soils. In this work, we show that the residence times of CO2 in montmorillonite are lowered by 15 min for each 1 degrees C increment in temperature during venting. Molecular simulations showed that activation energies of release are no more than half of the experimentally derived value of 34 kJ mol(-1). This raised the possibility of additional processes limiting CO2 mobility in real materials, including (chemi)sorption at reactive sites or frayed edges or defects. The residence times (approximate to 1616 min at -50 degrees C to approximate to 6 min at 60 degrees C) for some of the driest (approximate to 1.4 mmol H2O per g) montmorillonites that can be produced at ambient temperatures are readily lowered by inclusion of additional water. They are, in turn, prolonged again as the water content and interlayer spacing become smaller through venting. These efforts showed that soil-building clay minerals will lose their propensity to dynamically exchange CO2 as temperatures continue to rise, yet they may retain CO2 more efficiently in cold seasons as soils will become depleted in moisture content.
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| 47. |
- Yurova Axelsson, Ekaterina, 1986-
(författare)
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On recent results of ergodic property for p-adic dynamical systems
- 2014
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Ingår i: P-Adic Numbers, Ultrametric Analysis, and Applications. - : Pleiades Publishing. - 2070-0466 .- 2070-0474. ; 6:3, s. 235-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Theory of dynamical systems in fields of p-adic numbers is an important part of algebraic and arithmetic dynamics. The study of p-adic dynamical systems is motivated by their applications in various areas of mathematics, physics, genetics, biology, cognitive science, neurophysiology, computer science, cryptology, etc. In particular, p-adic dynamical systems found applications in cryptography, which stimulated the interest to nonsmooth dynamical maps. An important class of (in general) nonsmooth maps is given by 1-Lipschitz functions. In this paper we present a recent summary of results about the class of 1-Lipschitz functions and describe measure-preserving (for the Haar measure on the ring of p-adic integers) and ergodic functions. The main mathematical tool used in this work is the representation of the function by the van der Put series which is actively used in p-adic analysis. The van der Put basis differs fundamentally from previously used ones (for example, the monomial and Mahler basis) which are related to the algebraic structure of p-adic fields. The basic point in the construction of van der Put basis is the continuity of the characteristic function of a p-adic ball. Also we use an algebraic structure (permutations) induced by coordinate functions with partially frozen variables.
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| 48. |
- Zhou, Chunguang, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of the Products from Spruce and Pine Sawdust Pyrolysis at Various Temperatures
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21st EU BC&E - Copenhagen 2013. - : EU BC&E. - 9788889407530 ; , s. 968-973
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pyrolitic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass is a promising field to achieve the energy utilization and the significant reduction in CO2 emission. Both the spruce and pine are the main species in Swedish forests. During gasification process, water scrubbing system is widely adopted due to its simple and economical structure. The understanding of the releasing of tar components is quite important for the operation and gas cleaning system. Thus, pyrolysis study of spruce and pine sawdust was conducted in a batch-type reactor at 400°C, 500°C and 600°C. Yields of pyrolytic liquid, gas, and char were calculated. Pyrolytic liquids were characterized by GC-MS. Kinetic study of individual gas component was carried out. The element analysis of chars was conducted. And the energy distribution in the char, gas, and liquid, were also presented in the paper. The optimized pyrolysis conditions will achieve the oil upgrading and improve the energy utilization efficiency.
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| 49. |
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