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- Rydén, Lisbeth, 1967-
(författare)
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Diskursiv arbetsmiljö : Ett nytt perspektiv på organisatorisk arbetsmiljö
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studiens övergripande syfte är att bidra till kunskap om organisatorisk arbetsmiljö. Studiens specifika syfte är tudelat: dels att undersöka och utvärdera en diskursiv ansats för att bedöma och hantera organisatorisk arbetsmiljö, dels att undersöka och utveckla en modell för att bedöma och hantera organisatorisk arbetsmiljö med en diskursiv ansats. Den diskursiva ansatsen arbetades fram genom att fokusera på de grundläggande ontologiska och epistemologiska frågorna och utgår från en socialkonstruktivistisk syn på såväl organisationers som människors existens.Den diskursiva ansatsen uppmärksammar framförallt två övergripande faktorer i den organisatoriska arbetsmiljön. Den ena faktorn berör hur organiserandet påverkar såväl den individuella som den gemensamma förmågan att göra ett väl utfört arbete. Den andra faktorn berör de existentiella konsekvenserna som organiserandet, och det direkta tilltalet inom organisationen, kan medföra för de chefer och medarbetare som berörs.Modellen för att bedöma organisatorisk arbetsmiljö med en diskursiv ansats består av tio steg – från att generera ett relevant empiriskt material till att intervenera i den organisatoriska (diskursiva) arbetsmiljön. I arbetet med att utveckla modellen uppstod ett behov av ett begrepp för den ”form” de organiserande diskurserna skapar för chefer och medarbetare. Formen definierar hur organisationens medlemmar förväntas vara för att passa in i organiserandet. Den form som de organiserande diskurserna skapar benämns i avhandlingen organisatorisk idealkaraktär och är en viktig del av den analys som ingår i modellen för att bedöma organisatorisk arbetsmiljö med en diskursiv ansats.Modellen lyfter fram en problematisering, analys och bedömning baserad på de diskurser som styr organiserandet, det aktuella arbetets karaktär och den organisatoriska idealkaraktären. Är de tre aspekterna förenliga? Samverkar de så att de stärker förmågan att göra ett väl utfört arbete – på kort respektive lång sikt – eller försvagar de den?Diskursiv arbetsmiljö är ett samlingsbegrepp som betecknar den arbetsmiljö som skapas av de organiserande diskursernas samverkan och de risk- och friskfaktorer som kan uppmärksammas med en diskursiv ansats för att bedöma organisatorisk arbetsmiljö.
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| 2. |
- Berggren, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal function, microflora and nutrient intake of children after administration of a fermented oat product containing Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 9843 (299v)
- 2003
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Ingår i: Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0891-060X .- 1651-2235. ; 15:4, s. 160-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to evaluate the intestinal tolerance of a newly developed food containing Lactobacillus plantarum 299v, in children. The effects of consumption of the product on the children's nutrient intake were also followed, in a separate study. The tolerance study was parallel, double-blind, and included 69 children between 6 months and 3 years of age, randomized into two groups. One of the groups consumed a fermented oat product (1×109 cfu L. plantarum 299v/g) for 3 weeks, while the other group consumed a placebo product. We analysed the subjects by intention to treat and also carried out an analysis of subjects who had a mean intake of >100 g study product per day. After consumption for 3 weeks, the content of L. plantarum 299v in faeces increased significantly in the test group compared with the placebo group (p<0.001) and mean log10 cfu/g was 8.7 (intention to treat analysis). Also, the total content of lactobacilli increased and was significantly higher compared with the placebo group (p<0.001). The same result was also obtained when the data for the subjects who had a higher consumption of the study products were analysed. There were no differences in reported gastrointestinal function between the groups. The effects of the fermented oat product on the children's nutrient intake were followed in 12 children aged 1-3 years. Inclusion of the fermented oat product that was enriched with iron and ascorbic acid led to a significantly higher intake of several nutrients like energy, carbohydrates (g, E%), dietary fibre, iron and zinc. In conclusion, the children tolerated the fermented oat product well, the faecal microflora was positively altered and the children's nutritional intake was improved. Keywords: children, microflora, Lactobacillus plantarum 299v, probiotic bacteria, intestinal tolerance, nutrient intake.
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| 4. |
- Carlsson Kanyama, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Climate change mitigation efforts among transportation and manufacturing companies : The current state of efforts in Sweden according to available documentation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 196, s. 588-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Globally, transportation and manufacturing emit large amount of greenhouse gases that needs to be lowered for reaching agreed upon slim ate goals. In this context evidence of mitigation activities among eighty-five companies and their forty-five parent companies in these two polluting sectors were traced focusing on a country that has committed itself to leading the implementation of ambitious climate mitigation goals worldwide. Documentation from the companies in the transportation and manufacturing sectors was scrutinized (yearly reports, homepages and sustainability reports, if available) for evidence of any mitigation efforts, including emissions reporting and reduction goals. The study's results found that two thirds of the companies seemed to have done nothing to mitigate climate change, while efforts in the remaining companies were modest at best; mitigation activities among the forty-five parent companies were only slightly more ambitious. The implications of these depressing findings are discussed in the light of possible caveats and the possibilities of new policy measures such as gender quotas in company boards. The conclusion is that the study's results most likely reflect reality in the studied sectors and that novel approaches and more sector oriented research is needed in the quest for a carbon-neutral society..
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| 5. |
- Edvinsson, Rodney, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Väder, skördar och priser i Sverige
- 2009. - 1
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Ingår i: Agrarhistoria på många sätt. - Stockholm : Kungl. Skogs- och lantbruksakademien. - 9789185205912 ; , s. 115-136
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Forsblad-D’Elia, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Biomechanical properties of common carotid arteries assessed by circumferential 2D strain and β stiffness index in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X. ; 48:3, s. 352-360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) related to atherosclerosis, preceded by arterial stiffness. We aimed to examine common carotid artery (CCA) biomechanical properties using ultrasound to calculate β stiffness index (indicating arterial stiffness) and, a more recently developed technique, 2-dimensional (2D) speckle tracking strain (indicating arterial motion and deformation, strain) to (1) compare with age- and sex-matched controls, and (2) analyze relationships between strain and stiffness with disease characteristics and traditional risk factors for CVD in patients with AS. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, a cohort of 149 patients with AS, mean age 55.3 ± 11.2 years, 102 (68.5%) men, and 146 (98%) HLA-B27–positive, were examined. Bilateral CCA were examined for circumferential 2D strain and β stiffness index. A subgroup of 46 patients was compared with 46 age- and sex-matched controls, both groups without hypertensive disease, diabetes, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Results. Mean bilateral circumferential 2D strain was lower in AS patients compared with controls (7.9 ± 2.6% vs 10.3 ± 1.9%, P < 0.001), whereas mean bilateral β stiffness index was higher (13.1 ± 1.7 mmHg/mm vs 12.3 ± 1.3 mmHg/mm, P = 0.02). In multivariable linear regression analyses, strain was associated with age, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, history of anterior uveitis, and treatment with conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) and/or biological DMARD (R2 0.33), while stiffness was associated with age (R2 0.19). Conclusion. Both CCA circumferential 2D strain and β stiffness index differed between patients with AS and controls. Strain was associated with AS-related factors and age, whereas only age was associated with stiffness, suggesting that the obtained results reflect different pathogenic vascular processes.
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| 7. |
- Forsblad-d'Elia, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Biomechanical properties of common carotid arteries assessed by circumferential two-dimensional strain and β stiffness index in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Rheumatology. - : The Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X .- 1499-2752. ; 48:3, s. 352-360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) related to atherosclerosis, preceded by arterial stiffness. We aimed to examine common carotid artery (CCA) biomechanical properties using ultrasound to calculate β stiffness index (indicating arterial stiffness) and, a more recently developed technique, two-dimensional (2D) speckle tracking strain (indicating arterial motion and deformation, strain) to 1) compare with age- and sex-matched controls and to 2) analyze relationships between strain and stiffness with disease characteristics and traditional risk factors for CVD in AS patients.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a cohort of 149 patients with AS, mean age 55.3±11.2 years, 102(68.5%) men, 146 (98%) HLA-B27 positive, were examined. Bilateral CCAs were examined for circumferential 2D strain and β stiffness index. A subgroup of 46 patients were compared with 46 age- and sex-matched controls, both groups without hypertensive disease, diabetes, myocardial infarction or stroke.RESULTS: Mean bilateral circumferential 2D strain was lower in AS patients compared with controls, 7.9±2.6% vs 10.3±1.9%, p<0.001 whereas mean bilateral β stiffness index was higher, 13.1±1.6mmHg/mm vs 12.3±1.3mmHg/mm, p=0.018. In multivariable linear regression analyses strain was associated with age, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, history of anterior uveitis and treatment with csDMARD and/or bDMARD (R2 0.33), while stiffness was associated with age (R2 0.19).CONCLUSION: Both CCA circumferential 2D strain and β stiffness index differed between AS patients and controls. Strain was associated with AS-related factors and age while stiffness with age, suggesting that the obtained results reflect different pathogenic vascular processes.
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| 9. |
- Leijonhufvud, Lotta, et al.
(författare)
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Five centuries of Stockholm winter/spring temperatures reconstructed from documentary evidenceand instrumental observations
- 2010
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Ingår i: Climatic Change. - Netherlands : Springer. - 0165-0009 .- 1573-1480. ; 101:1-2, s. 109-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historical documentary sources, reflecting different port activities in Stockholm, are utilised to derive a 500-year winter/spring temperature reconstruction for the region. These documentary sources reflect sea ice conditions in the harbour inlet and those series that overlap with the instrumental data correlate well with winter/spring temperatures. By refining dendroclimatological methods,the time-series were composited to a mean series and calibrated (1756–1841;r2 = 66%) against Stockholm January–April temperatures. Strong verification was confirmed (1842–1892; r2 = 60%; RE/CE = 0.55). By including the instrumental data, the quantified (QUAN) reconstruction indicates that recent two decades have been the warmest period for the last 500 years. Coldest conditions occurred during the 16th/17th and early 19th centuries. An independent qualitative (QUAL)historical index was also derived for the Stockholm region. Comparison between QUAN and QUAL shows good coherence at inter-annual time-scales, but QUAL distinctly appears to lack low frequency information. Comparison is also made to other winter temperature based annually resolved records for the Baltic region.Between proxy coherence is generally good although it decreases going back in time with the 1500–1550 period being the weakest period—possibly reflecting data quality issues in the different reconstructions.
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