| 1. |
- Aalipour, Mojgan, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Factors affecting Human performance in Mining Maintenance tasks
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop and congress on eMaintenance. - Luleå : Luleå tekniska universitet. - 9789174399721 - 9789174399738 ; , s. 71-76
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the factors affecting humanperformance in maintenance task in mining sector. Theobjective is identify various factors and to classify them asdriving (strong driving power and weak dependence) anddependent factors (weak driving power and strongdependence). The factors were identified through literaturesurvey and are ranked using mean score of data questionnaire.The reliability of measures is pretested by applyingCronbach’s alpha coefficient to responses to a questionnairegiven to maintenance personnel. The interrelationshipsbetween human factors have been recognized by interpretivestructural modeling (ISM). Further, these factors have beenclassified using matrice d'impacts croises-multiplicationappliqué à un classement (MICMAC) analysing. This casestudy will figure out the factors affecting human performancefor deriving maintenance management insights to improveproductivity in the mining sector. Further, this understandingmay be helpful in framing the policies and strategies formining industry. Temperature, lighting, documentation,communication and fitness are driving factors. Moreover,Work layout, tools availability, complex tasks, time pressure,safety, boss decisions, training, fatigue and motivation havestrong driving power as well as high dependencies and itcomes under the category of linkage factors.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Björling, Sten-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Maintenance knowledge management with fusion of CMMS and CM
- 2013
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Ingår i: DMIN 2013 International Conference on Data Mining.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maintenance can be considered as an information, knowledge processing and management system. The management of knowledge resources in maintenance is a relatively new issue compared to Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS) and Condition Monitoring (CM) approaches and systems. Information Communication technologies (ICT) systems including CMMS, CM and enterprise administrative systems amongst others are effective in supplying data and in some cases information. In order to be effective the availability of high-quality knowledge, skills and expertise are needed for effective analysis and decision-making based on the supplied information and data. Information and data are not by themselves enough, knowledge, experience and skills are the key factors when maximizing the usability of the collected data and information. Thus, effective knowledge management (KM) is growing in importance, especially in advanced processes and management of advanced and expensive assets. Therefore efforts to successfully integrate maintenance knowledge management processes with accurate information from CMMSs and CM systems will be vital due to the increasing complexities of the overall systems.Low maintenance effectiveness costs money and resources since normal and stable production cannot be upheld and maintained over time, lowered maintenance effectiveness can have a substantial impact on the organizations ability to obtain stable flows of income and control costs in the overall process. Ineffective maintenance is often dependent on faulty decisions, mistakes due to lack of experience and lack of functional systems for effective information exchange [10]. Thus, access to knowledge, experience and skills resources in combination with functional collaboration structures can be regarded as vital components for a high maintenance effectiveness solution.Maintenance effectiveness depends in part on the quality, timeliness, accuracy and completeness of information related to machine degradation state, based on which decisions are made. Maintenance effectiveness, to a large extent, also depends on the quality of the knowledge of the managers and maintenance operators and the effectiveness of the internal & external collaborative environments. With emergence of intelligent sensors to measure and monitor the health state of the component and gradual implementation of ICT) in organizations, the conceptualization and implementation of E-Maintenance is turning into a reality. Unfortunately, even though knowledge management aspects are important in maintenance, the integration of KM aspects has still to find its place in E-Maintenance and in the overall information flows of larger-scale maintenance solutions. Nowadays, two main systems are implemented in most maintenance departments: Firstly, Computer Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS), the core of traditional maintenance record-keeping practices that often facilitate the usage of textual descriptions of faults and actions performed on an asset. Secondly, condition monitoring systems (CMS). Recently developed (CMS) are capable of directly monitoring asset components parameters; however, attempts to link observed CMMS events to CM sensor measurements have been limited in their approach and scalability. In this article we present one approach for addressing this challenge. We argue that understanding the requirements and constraints in conjunction - from maintenance, knowledge management and ICT perspectives - is necessary. We identify the issues that need be addressed for achieving successful integration of such disparate data types and processes (also integrating knowledge management into the “data types” and processes).
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| 4. |
- Illankoon, Prasanna, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Decision Support System for Flight Maintenance Technicians : Issues and Challenges
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 5th international workshop and congress on eMaintenace. - Luleå, Sweden : Luleå University of Technology. ; , s. 88-94
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we summarize the key insights into the fast-rising areas in decision support and integration of flight maintenance information. The study elaborates the need and challenges of decision support for flight maintenance technicians. The major focus is on the decision support that allows maintenance technicians as end users to interact and get a better understanding of the systems (flights) they are dealing with.
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| 5. |
- Illankoon, Prasanna, et al.
(författare)
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Ergonomics for enhancing detection of machine abnormalities
- 2016
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 55:2, s. 271-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Detecting abnormal machine conditions is of great importance in an autonomous maintenance environment. Ergonomic aspects can be invaluable when detection of machine abnormalities using human senses is examined.OBJECTIVES:This research outlines the ergonomic issues involved in detecting machine abnormalities and suggests how ergonomics would improve such detections.METHODS:Cognitive Task Analysis was performed in a plant in Sri Lanka where Total Productive Maintenance is being implemented to identify sensory types that would be used to detect machine abnormalities and relevant Ergonomic characteristics.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:As the outcome of this research, a methodology comprising of an Ergonomic Gap Analysis Matrix for machine abnormality detection is presented.
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| 6. |
- Illankoon, Prasanna, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Lockout and Tagout in a Manufacturing Setting from a Situation Awareness Perspective
- 2019
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Ingår i: Safety. - Basel : MDPI. - 2313-576X. ; 5:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Applying lockouts during maintenance is intended to avoid accidental energy release, whereas tagging them out keeps employees aware of what is going on with the machine. In spite of regulations, serious accidents continue to occur due to lapses during lockout and tagout (LOTO) applications. Few studies have examined LOTO effectiveness from a user perspective. This article studies LOTO processes at a manufacturing organization from a situation awareness (SA) perspective. Technicians and machine operators were interviewed, a focus group discussion was conducted, and operators were observed. Qualitative content analysis revealed perceptual, comprehension and projection challenges associated with different phases of LOTO applications. The findings can help lockout/tagout device manufacturers and organizations that apply LOTO to achieve maximum protection.
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| 7. |
- Illankoon, Prasanna, 1977-
(författare)
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Soft Issues of Industry 4.0 : A study on human-machine interactions
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Autonomous industrial operations are becoming the norm due to advancements in technology, which has led to both advantages and disadvantages for the organisations involved. The use of intelligent systems has resulted in higher system reliability, a higher quality product, and reduced risk for human error. These systems collect large amounts of information, analyse them, make predictions, and take decisions, of which humans cannot do in the same capacity, have led to new and expanded levels of interactions. One key aspect concerns the fact that human interaction has decreased although has become more critical than before. Even if the systems are advanced and automated, human intervention is still necessary: such as maintenance actions, selection of data to train the system, and advanced decision making. Human intervention is especially crucial when dealing with complex and safety critical systems, where and when immediate interventions are required. Moreover, an expert human can improvise and make novel decisions in a capacity that present intelligent systems cannot. The problem is that both humans and machines need assistance to perform well. Autonomous operation is not perfect and when problems arise, humans must react. Although it is common that humans when not actively interacting with the system tend to lose perspective and find it difficult to quickly analyse a situation when it arises. Which means that they “fall out of the loop”. Their ability to gain a good understanding of the situation and make good decisions when the system suddenly needs their interaction is lost. In other words, humans have lost their situation awareness (SA) and a good SA it is needed in dynamic environments if they are to intervene quickly and successfully. If, and when a system can assist a human to quickly assess the situation and get back “into the loop” then the human can make educated decisions in a much quicker fashion. The purpose of this research was to explore and describe the importance of SA in maintenance and to recommend how to develop and provide better SA for intelligent maintenance systems (IMS).This thesis consists of a literature study conducted to develop the theoretical framework and two case studies were used to test the theoretical concepts. The thesis work tested five systematic methodologies to find suitable interventions to fulfil the SA requirements. The first case study focused on SA requirements during maintenance execution in a manufacturing organisation; there a quick return to production was the focus. The second case study was SA requirements in maintenance in the aviation domain, where safety is a top priority. The case study data were collected using interviews, observations, focus groups, and archival records. These qualitative data were analysed using qualitative content analysis, cognitive task analysis, and case taxonomic analysis.This work resulted in the identification of seven key SA requirements for maintenance: consisting of detection of abnormalities; diagnosing and predicting their behaviour; making changes in system configuration; compliance with maintenance standards; conducting effective maintenance judgements; maintenance teams; and for safe maintenance work. Five strategies to maintain SA were identified: explicit knowledge status, sense making, recognition primed decision making, skilled intuition, and heuristics. We also argue why IMS will make it difficult for humans to use most of these strategies to maintain SA in future. Finally, a new theoretical model for decision support (Distributed Collaborative Awareness Model) was developed. The study also shows how to apply these interventions in the railway maintenance sector. In conclusion, this study shows that in the maintenance domain, keeping humans in the loop requires a novel collaborative approach where the integration of the strengths of intelligent systems and human cognition is necessary. We also argue that a better understanding of SA strategies will lead to the further development of SA support for the human operator and maintenance technician.
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| 8. |
- Kour, Ravdeep, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Big Data Analytics for Maintaining Transportation Systems
- 2019
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Ingår i: Transportation Systems. - Singapore : Springer. ; , s. 73-91
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Big Data Analytics (BDA) is becoming a research focus in transportation systems, which can be seen from many projects within the world. By using sensor and Internet of Things (IoT) technology in transportation system, huge amount of data is been generated from different sources. This data can be integrated, analyzed and visualized for efficient and effective decision-making for maintaining transportation systems. The key challenges that exist in managing Big Data are the designing of the systems, which would be able to handle huge amount of data efficiently and effectively and to filter the most significant information from all the collected data. This chapter will draw attention towards the present scenario and future projections of big data in transportation systems. It also presents big data tools and techniques and then presents one brief case study of BDA in each type of transportation system. In this chapter, a broad overview of Big Data definitions, its history, present, and future prospects are briefed. Several tools and technologies especially for transportation are pointed out for maintaining transportation systems. At the end of the chapter, a definitive case studies on each transportation area is demonstrated.
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| 9. |
- Kour, Ravdeep, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Cybersecurity Workforce in Railway : A Case Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 5<sup>th</sup> International Workshop and Congress on eMaintenance. - : Luleå University of Technology. ; , s. 28-32
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Railway will continue to adapt new digital solutions which are necessary and vulnerable to cyber threats. The history of cyber-attacks on critical infrastructures including railway suggests that there is a need for cybersecurity awareness. Both for employees and the general public. The very first step in cyber hygiene is cybersecurity training and awareness for the workforce. A well-educated workforce plays a vital role in building more cyber resiliency across the organization's operation and maintenance. The objective of this research is to evaluate the cybersecurity maturity level for workforce management in three railway organizations. The results show that there is a cybersecurity workforce gap and there is a need to eliminate this gap by enhancing cybersecurity workforce culture. Henceforth, this gap can be improved by developing cybersecurity culture, including cybersecurity training and awareness and by following recommendations provided in this paper.
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| 10. |
- Kukshal, Vikas, et al.
(författare)
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Augmented Technology for Safety and Maintenance in Industry 4.0
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applications and Challenges of Maintenance and Safety Engineering in Industry 4.0. - : IGI Global. ; , s. 134-141
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The traditional manufacturing system is going through a rapid transformation and has brought a revolution in the industries. Industry 4.0 is considered to be a new era of the industrial revolution in which all the processes are integrated with a product to achieve higher efficiency. Digitization and automation have changed the nature of work resulting in an intelligent manufacturing system. The benefits of Industry 4.0 include higher productivity and increased flexibility. However, the implementation of the new processes and methods comes along with a lot of challenges. Industry 4.0. requires more skilled workers to handle the operations of the digitalized manufacturing system. The fourth industrial revolution or Industry 4.0 has become the absolute reality and will undoubtedly have an impact on safety and maintenance. Hence, to tackle the issues arising due to digitization is an area of concern and has to be dealt with using the innovative technologies in the manufacturing industries.
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