| 9631. |
- Larsson, Susanna C., et al.
(författare)
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Body mass index and body composition in relation to 14 cardiovascular conditions in UK Biobank : a Mendelian randomization study
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 41:2, s. 221-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The causal role of adiposity for several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is unclear. Our primary aim was to apply the Mendelian randomization design to investigate the associations of body mass index (BMI) with 13 CVDs and arterial hypertension. We also assessed the roles of fat mass and fat-free mass on the same outcomes.Methods and results: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with BMI and fat mass and fat-free mass indices were used as instru- and results mental variables to estimate the associations with the cardiovascular conditions among 367 703 UK Biobank participants. After correcting for multiple testing, genetically predicted BMI was significantly positively associated with eight outcomes, including and with decreasing magnitude of association: aortic valve stenosis, heart failure, deep vein thrombosis, arterial hypertension, peripheral artery disease, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, and pulmonary embolism. The odds ratio (OR) per 1 kg/m(2) increase in BMI ranged from 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.11; P=2.6 x 10(-3)] for pulmonary embolism to 1.13 (95% CI 1.05-1.21; P=1.2 x 10(-3)) for aortic valve stenosis. There was suggestive evidence of positive associations of genetically predicted fat mass index with nine outcomes (P < 0.05). The strongest magnitude of association was with aortic valve stenosis (OR per 1 kg/m(2) increase in fat mass index 1.46, 95% CI 1.13-1.88; P=3.9 x 10(-3)). There was suggestive evidence of inverse associations of fat-free mass index with atrial fibrillation, ischaemic stroke, and abdominal aortic aneurysm.Conclusion: This study provides evidence that higher BMI and particularly fat mass index are associated with increased risk of aortic valve stenosis and most other cardiovascular conditions.
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| 9632. |
- Larsson, Susanna C.
(författare)
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Can Small Amounts of Olive Oil Keep the Death Away?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 79:2, s. 113-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9633. |
- Larsson, Susanna C, et al.
(författare)
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Chocolate consumption and risk of atrial fibrillation : Two cohort studies and a meta-analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Heart Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-8703 .- 1097-6744. ; 195, s. 86-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Chocolate consumption has been inconsistently associated with risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). We investigated the association between chocolate consumption and risk of AF in Swedish adults from two cohort studies and conducted a meta-analysis to summarize available evidence from cohort studies on this topic.METHODS: Our study population comprised 40,009 men from the Cohort of Swedish Men and 32,486 women from the Swedish Mammography Cohort. Incident AF cases were ascertained through linkage with the Swedish National Patient Register. Published cohort studies of chocolate consumption in relation to risk of AF were identified by a PubMed search through September 14, 2017.RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 14.6 years, AF was diagnosed in 9978 Swedish men and women. Compared with non-consumers, the multivariable hazard ratio of AF for those in the highest category of chocolate consumption (≥3-4 servings/week) was 0.96 (95% CI 0.88-1.04). In a random-effects meta-analysis of 5 cohort studies, including 180,454 participants and 16,356 AF cases, the hazard ratios of AF were 0.97 (95% CI 0.94-1.01) per 2 servings/week increase in chocolate consumption and 0.96 (95% CI 0.90-1.03) for the highest versus lowest category of chocolate consumption.CONCLUSION: Available data provide no evidence of an association of chocolate consumption with risk of AF.
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| 9634. |
- Larsson, Susanna C., et al.
(författare)
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Chocolate consumption and risk of myocardial infarction : a prospective study and meta-analysis.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 102:13, s. 1017-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To examine whether chocolate consumption is associated with a reduced risk of ischaemic heart disease, we used data from a prospective study of Swedish adults and we performed a meta-analysis of available prospective data.METHODS AND RESULTS: The Swedish prospective study included 67 640 women and men from the Cohort of Swedish Men and the Swedish Mammography Cohort who had completed a food-frequency questionnaire and were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. Myocardial infarction (MI) cases were ascertained through linkage with the Swedish National Patient and Cause of Death Registers. PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched from inception until 4 February 2016 to identify prospective studies on chocolate consumption and risk of ischaemic heart disease.RESULTS: The results from eligible studies were combined using a random-effects model. During follow-up (1998-2010), 4417 MI cases were ascertained in the Swedish study. Chocolate consumption was inversely associated with MI risk. Compared with non-consumers, the multivariable relative risk for those who consumed ≥3-4 servings/week of chocolate was 0.87 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.98; p for trend =0.04). Five prospective studies on chocolate consumption and ischaemic heart disease were identified. Together with the Swedish study, the meta-analysis included six studies with a total of 6851 ischaemic heart disease cases. The overall relative risk for the highest versus lowest category of chocolate consumption was 0.90 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.97), with little heterogeneity among studies (I(2)=24.3%).CONCLUSIONS: Chocolate consumption is associated with lower risk of MI and ischaemic heart disease.
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| 9635. |
- Larsson, Susanna C, et al.
(författare)
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Chocolate consumption and risk of stroke in women
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 58:17, s. 1828-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9636. |
- Larsson, Susanna C., et al.
(författare)
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Circulating Vitamin K₁ Levels in Relation to Ischemic Stroke and Its Subtypes : A Mendelian Randomization Study.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 10:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vitamin K plays a crucial role in blood coagulation, and hypercoagulability has been linked to atherosclerosis-related vascular disease. We used the Mendelian randomization study design to examine whether circulating vitamin K₁ (phylloquinone) levels are associated with ischemic stroke. Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with vitamin K₁ levels were used as instrumental variables. Summary-level data for large artery atherosclerotic stroke (n = 4373 cases), small vessel stroke (n = 5386 cases), cardioembolic stroke (n = 7193 cases), and any ischemic stroke (n = 34,217 cases and 404,630 non-cases) were available from the MEGASTROKE consortium. Genetically-predicted circulating vitamin K₁ levels were associated with large artery atherosclerotic stroke but not with any other subtypes or ischemic stroke as a whole. The odds ratios per genetically predicted one nmol/L increase in natural log-transformed vitamin K₁ levels were 1.31 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12⁻1.53; p = 7.0 × 10-4) for large artery atherosclerotic stroke, 0.98 (95% CI 0.85⁻1.12; p = 0.73) for small vessel stroke, 1.01 (95% CI 0.90⁻1.14; p = 0.84) for cardioembolic stroke, and 1.05 (95% CI 0.99⁻1.11; p = 0.11) for any ischemic stroke. These findings indicate that genetic predisposition to higher circulating vitamin K₁ levels is associated with an increased risk of large artery atherosclerotic stroke.
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| 9637. |
- Larsson, Susanna C., et al.
(författare)
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Combined impact of healthy lifestyle factors on risk of atrial fibrillation : Prospective study in men and women.
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 203, s. 46-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The combined impact of multiple lifestyle factors on risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. We investigated the joint association of four modifiable lifestyle factors on incidence of AF in a prospective study of men and women.METHODS: The study cohort comprised 39 300 men in the Cohort of Swedish Men and 33 090 women in the Swedish Mammography Cohort who were 45-83 years of age and free from atrial fibrillation at baseline. Healthy lifestyle was defined as body mass index <25 kg/m(2), regular exercise for ≥ 20 min/day, no or light-to-moderate alcohol consumption (≤ 2 drinks/day for men and ≤ 1 drink/day for women), and not smoking. Incident AF cases were identified through linkage with the Swedish National Inpatient Register.RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 10.9 years, AF occurred in 4028 men and 2539 women. Compared with men and women with no healthy lifestyle factors, the multivariable relative risks (95% confidence interval) of AF were 0.83 (0.65-1.07) for one, 0.74 (0.58-0.94) for two, 0.62 (0.49-0.79) for three, and 0.50 (0.39-0.64) for four healthy lifestyle factors (P for trend <0.0001). The inverse association was similar in men and women.CONCLUSIONS: Four healthy lifestyle factors combined were associated with a halving of the risk of AF.
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| 9638. |
- Larsson, Susanna C., et al.
(författare)
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Dietary protein intake and risk of stroke in women
- 2012
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 224:1, s. 247-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A high protein intake may reduce the risk of stroke but epidemiologic data on protein intake in relation to stroke risk are limited and inconsistent. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that protein intake would be inversely associated with risk of stroke. Methods and results: We conducted a population-based prospective cohort study consisting of 34,670 Swedish women who were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer in 1997. Diet was assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire. Incident cases of stroke were ascertained from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Registry. We estimated relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Cox proportional hazard regression model. During 10.4 years of follow-up, 1680 stroke events were identified, including 1310 cerebral infarctions, 154 intracerebral hemorrhages, 79 subarachnoid hemorrhages, and 137 unspecified strokes. Intake of total and animal protein, but not vegetable protein, was statistically significantly inversely associated with risk of total stroke and cerebral infarction after adjustment for other risk factors for stroke. The multivariable RRs of total stroke for the highest versus lowest quintile of intake were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.61, 0.91; P for trend = 0.006) for total protein and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.57, 0.88; P for trend = 0.01) for animal protein. The associations were stronger in women with a history of hypertension (RR of total stroke = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.78 for highest versus lowest quintile of total protein). Conclusion: These findings suggest that dietary protein intake is inversely associated with risk of stroke in women with hypertension. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 9639. |
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| 9640. |
- Larsson, Susanna C., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic predisposition to smoking in relation to 14 cardiovascular diseases
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 41:35, s. 3304-3310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: The aim of this study was to use Mendelian randomization (MR) to determine the causality of the association between smoking and 14 different cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).METHODS AND RESULTS: Our primary genetic instrument comprised 361 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with smoking initiation (ever smoked regularly) at genome-wide significance. Data on the associations between the SNPs and 14 CVDs were obtained from the UK Biobank study (N = 367 643 individuals), CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium (N = 184 305 individuals), Atrial Fibrillation Consortium (2017 dataset; N = 154 432 individuals), and Million Veteran Program (MVP; N = 190 266 individuals). The main analyses were conducted using the random-effects inverse-variance weighted method and complemented with multivariable MR analyses and the weighted median and MR-Egger approaches. Genetic predisposition to smoking initiation was most strongly and consistently associated with higher odds of coronary artery disease, heart failure, abdominal aortic aneurysm, ischaemic stroke, transient ischaemic attack, peripheral arterial disease, and arterial hypertension. Genetic predisposition to smoking initiation was additionally associated with higher odds of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in the UK Biobank but not with venous thromboembolism in the MVP. There was limited evidence of causal associations of smoking initiation with atrial fibrillation, aortic valve stenosis, thoracic aortic aneurysm, and intracerebral and subarachnoid haemorrhage.CONCLUSION: This MR study supports a causal association between smoking and a broad range of CVDs, in particular, coronary artery disease, heart failure, abdominal aortic aneurysm, ischaemic stroke, transient ischaemic attack, peripheral arterial disease, and arterial hypertension.
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