| 31. |
- Almstrand, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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TOF-SIMS analysis of exhaled particles from patients with asthma and healthy controls.
- 2012
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal: official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 39:1, s. 59-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Particles in exhaled air (PEx) may reflect the composition of respiratory tract lining fluid (RTLF); thus, there is a need to assess their potential as sources of biomarkers for respiratory diseases. In the present study, we compared PEx from patients with asthma and controls using time-of-flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and multivariate analysis. Particles were collected using an instrument developed in-house. 15 nonsmoking subjects with physician-diagnosed asthma and 11 nonsmoking healthy controls performed 10 consecutive forced exhalations into the instrument. Particle concentrations were recorded and samples of particles collected on silicon plates were analysed by TOF-SIMS. Subjects with asthma exhaled significantly lower numbers of particles than controls (p=0.03) and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated phospholipids was significantly lower in samples from subjects with asthma (0.25 versus 0.35; p=0.036). Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis models showed good separation between both positive and negative spectra. Molecular ions from phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol, and protein fragments were found to discriminate the groups. We conclude that analysis of PEx is a promising method to examine the composition of RTLF. In the present explorative study, we could discriminate between subjects with asthma and healthy controls based on TOF-SIMS spectra from PEx.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Amaral, Andre F. S., et al.
(författare)
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Tuberculosis associates with both airflow obstruction and low lung function : BOLD results
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 46:4, s. 1104-1112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In small studies and cases series, a history of tuberculosis has been associated with both airflow obstruction, which is characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and restrictive patterns on spirometry. The objective of the present study was to assess the association between a history of tuberculosis and airflow obstruction and spirometric abnormalities in adults. The study was performed in adults, aged 40 years and above, who took part in the multicentre, cross-sectional, general population-based Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study, and had provided acceptable post-bronchodilator spirometry measurements and information on a history of tuberculosis. The associations between a history of tuberculosis and airflow obstruction and spirometric restriction were assessed within each participating centre, and estimates combined using meta-analysis. These estimates were stratified by high- and low/middle-income countries, according to gross national income. A self-reported history of tuberculosis was associated with airflow obstruction (adjusted odds ratio 2.51, 95% CI 1.83-3.42) and spirometric restriction (adjusted odds ratio 2.13, 95% CI 1.42-3.19). A history of tuberculosis was associated with both airflow obstruction and spirometric restriction, and should be considered as a potentially important cause of obstructive disease and low lung function, particularly where tuberculosis is common.
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| 34. |
- Amin, Reshma, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of dornase alfa on ventilation Inhomogeneity in patients with Cystic Fibrosis.
- 2011
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 37:4, s. 806-812
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Outcome measures to assess therapeutic interventions in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with mild lung disease are lacking. Our aim was to determine if the Lung Clearance Index (LCI) can detect a treatment response to dornase alfa in paediatric CF patients with normal spirometry. CF patients between 6 and 18 years of age with FEV1% ≥80% predicted were eligible. In a crossover design, 17 patients received 4 weeks of dornase alfa and placebo in a randomized sequence separated by a 4-weekwashout period. The primary endpoint was the change in LCI from dornase alfa versus placebo. A mixed model approach incorporating period-dependent baselines was used. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00557089. The mean age±SD was 10.32±3.35 years. Dornase alfa improved LCI versus placebo (0.90±1.44, p=0.022). Forced expiratory flow at 25-75% expired volume (FEF25-75) measured by percent predicted and z-scores also improved in subjects on dornase alfa (6.1%±10.34, p=0.03; and 0.28 z-score±0.46, p=0.03). Dornase alfa significantly improved LCI. Therefore the LCI may be a suitable tool to assess early intervention strategies in this patient population.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Andersson, Eva, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of asthma among workers exposed to sulfur dioxide and other irritant gases
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 27:4, s. 720-5.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to investigate whether repeated peak exposure (gassings) to sulphur dioxide (SO2) and other irritant gases increases the risk of new-onset asthma. A questionnaire was sent to 4,112 sulphite workers, of whom 1,919 completed the questionnaire and 396 completed the short-form questionnaire, which was sent out as a last reminder. A sample of 130 nonrespondents completed a telephone interview using the short-form questionnaire. The incidence of adult-onset, physician-diagnosed asthma during employment duration was analysed in relation to exposure to SO2 and gassings giving rise to respiratory symptoms. Incidence rates, as well as incidence rate ratios with 95% confidence interval (CI), were calculated. Further Cox regression models were used allowing assessment of hazard ratios (HR) stratified for sex and adjusted for atopy, smoking habits and age. The incidence rate for asthma among sulphite mill workers reporting gassings of SO2 was 6.2 out of 1,000 person-yrs, compared with 1.9 out of 1,000 person-yrs among subjects unexposed to SO2 and any gassings (HR (95% CI) 4.0 (2.1-7.7)). Among males reporting gassings to SO2, the HR (95% CI) for asthma was 5.8 (2.6-13) compared with unexposed males. In conclusion, repeated peak exposure to sulphur dioxide increased the incidence of asthma during work in sulphite pulp mills, which supports the hypothesis of irritant-induced asthma.
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| 40. |
- Annika, Lindh, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Description of inhalation technique in patients with COPD in primary care
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 52:Suppl. 62
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
- Introduction: A recent systematic review showed that only about one third of the patients had a correct inhalation technique and the number had not improved the last 40 years¹.Aim: The aim was to describe errors, separated into errors related to devices and errors related to inhalation technique, that occur when patients with COPD inhale medications.Method: In this descriptive study, patients with a COPD diagnosis were recruited from a randomized controlled trial performed 2015-2016 in primary care in four county councils in Sweden. A COPD nurse assessed the inhalation technique using a checklist with errors related to devices and to inhalation technique with possibility to write additional comments.Results: In total, 167 patients using 287 inhalers were assessed, 52% (n = 86) were female, mean age 71 years. A total of 163 errors were noted in the checklist, of which 87 were related to inhalation technique and 76 were related to devices. Except from this the COPD nurse had written comments regarding 53 errors that were not included in the checklist. At least one error (range: 1-7 errors) was made by 46% (n = 76) of the patients.Conclusion: The results show that many patients do not use the device correctly. Both errors related to inhalation technique and related to devices were present. This implies that there is a need to focus on both aspects when teaching patients how to inhale their medication. The checklist used in this study needs to be further improved.
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