| 181. |
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| 182. |
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| 183. |
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| 184. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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Radiological and clinical outcome of screw placement in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: evaluation with low-dose computed tomography.
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Spine Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0940-6719 .- 1432-0932. ; 19:1, s. 96-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Posterior corrective surgery using "all pedicle screw construct" carries risk of neurovascular complications. The study aims were to assess the screw placement in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using CT with low-radiation dose, and to evaluate the clinical outcome in patients with misplaced pedicle screws. CTs of 49 consecutive patients (873 screws, 79% thoracic) were retrospectively evaluated by two independent radiologists. A new grading system was developed to distinguish between lateral, medial and anterior cortical perforations, endplate perforation and foraminal perforation. The grading system is based on whether the cortical violation is partial or total rather than on mm-basis. The overall rate of screw misplacement was 17% (n = 149): 8% were laterally placed and 6.1% were medially placed. The rates of anterior cortical, endplate and foraminal perforation were 1.5, 0.9, and 0.5%, respectively. Lateral cortical perforation was more frequent in the thoracic spine (P = 0.005), whereas other types of misplacement including medial cortical perforation were more frequent on the left and the concave side of scoliotic curves (P = 0.002 and 0.003). No neurovascular complications were reported. The association between the occurrence of screw misplacement and the Cobb angle was statistically significant (P = 0.037). Misplacements exceeding half screw diameter should be classified as unacceptable. Low-dose CT implies exposing these young individuals to a significantly lower radiation dose than do other protocols used in daily clinical practice. We recommend using low-dose CT and the grading system proposed here in the postoperative assessment of screw placement.
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| 185. |
- Fuchs, Jürgen, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Bicategories for boundary conditions and for surface defects in 3-d TFT
- 2013
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Ingår i: Communications in Mathematical Physics. - Berlin : Springer. - 0010-3616 .- 1432-0916. ; 321:2, s. 543-575
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyze topological boundary conditions and topological surface defects in three-dimensional topological field theories of Reshetikhin-Turaev type based on arbitrary modular tensor categories. Boundary conditions are described by central functors that lift to trivializations in the Witt group of modular tensor categories. The bicategory of boundary conditions can be described through the bicategory of module categories over any such trivialization. A similar description is obtained for topological surface defects. Using string diagrams for bicategories we also establish a precise relation between special symmetric Frobenius algebras and Wilson lines involving special defects. We compare our results with previous work of Kapustin-Saulina and of Kitaev-Kong on boundary conditions and surface defects in abelian Chern-Simons theories and in Turaev-Viro type TFTs, respectively
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| 186. |
- Elegir, Graziano, et al.
(författare)
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Laccase-initiated cross-linking of lignocellulose fibres using a ultra-filtered lignin isolated from kraft black liquor
- 2007
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Ingår i: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0175-7598 .- 1432-0614. ; 77:4, s. 809-817
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, the effect of Trametes pubescens laccase (TpL) used in combination with a low-molecular-weight ultra-filtered lignin (UFL) to improve mechanical properties of kraft liner pulp and chemi-thermo-mechanical pulp was studied. UFL was isolated by ultra-filtration from the kraft cooking black liquor obtained from softwood pulping. This by-product from the pulp industry contains an oligomeric lignin with almost twice the amount of free phenolic moieties than residual kraft pulp lignin. The reactivity of TpL on UFL and kraft pulp was studied by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. Laccase was shown to polymerise UFL and residual kraft pulp lignin in the fibres, seen by the increase in their average molecular weight and in the case of UFL as a decrease in the amount of phenolic hydroxyls. The laccase initiated cross-linking of lignin, mediated by UFL, which gives rise to more than a twofold increase in wet strength of kraft liner pulp handsheets without loosing other critical mechanical properties. Hence, this could be an interesting path to decrease mechano-sorptive creep that has been reported to lessen in extent as wet strength is given to papers. The laccase/2,2'azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) mediator system showed a greater increase in wet tensile strength of the resulting pulp sheets than the laccase/UFL system. However, other mechanical properties such as dry tensile strength, compression strength and Scott Bond internal strength were negatively affected by the laccase/ABTS system.
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| 187. |
- Krustrup, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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The slow component of oxygen uptake during intense, sub-maximal exercise in man is associated with additional fibre recruitment.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Pflügers Archiv. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-6768 .- 1432-2013. ; 447:6, s. 855-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single muscle fibre metabolites and pulmonary oxygen uptake (VO2) were measured during moderate and intense, sub-maximal exercise to test the hypothesis that additional fibre recruitment is associated with the slow component of VO2. Seven healthy, male subjects performed 20 min moderate (MOD, approximately 50% of VO(2,max)) and intense (INT, approximately 80% VO(2,max)) cycling at 70 rpm. Glycogen content decreased significantly in type I and IIa fibres during INT, but only in type I fibres during MOD. During INT, creatine phosphate (CP) content decreased significantly both in types I and II fibres in the first 3 min (DeltaCP: 16.0+/-2.7 and 16.8+/-4.7 mmol kg(-1) d.w., respectively) and in the next 3 min (DeltaCP: 16.2+/-4.9 and 25.7+/-6.7 mmol kg(-1) d.w., respectively) with no further change from 6-20 min. CP content was below the pre-exercise level (mean-1 SD) in 11, 37, 70 and 74% of the type I fibres after 0, 3, 6 and 20 min of INT, respectively, and in 13, 45, 83 and 74% of the type II fibres. During INT, VO2 increased significantly by 6+/-1 and 4+/-1% in the periods 3-6 and 6-20 min, respectively (Delta VO(2,(6-3 min)): 0.14+/-0.02 l min(-1)), whereas VO2 was unchanged from 3 to 20 min of MOD. Exponential fitting revealed a slow component of VO2 during INT that appeared after approximately 2.6 min and amounted to 0.24 l min(-1). The present study demonstrates that additional type I and II fibres are recruited with time during intense sub-maximal exercise in temporal association with a significant slow component of VO2.
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| 188. |
- Andersson, Mats, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Division formulas on projective varieties
- 2016
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Ingår i: Mathematische Zeitschrift. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0025-5874 .- 1432-1823. ; 284:1, s. 575-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce a division formula on a possibly singular projective subvariety X of complex projective space PN, which, e.g., provides explicit representations of solutions to various polynomial division problems on the affine part of X. Especially we consider a global effective version of the Briançon–Skoda–Huneke theorem. The first author was partially supported by the Swedish Research Council. The second author was supported by a postdoc grant from the Swedish Research Council.
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| 189. |
- Kozlov, Vladimir
(författare)
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Domain dependence of eigenvalues of elliptic type operators
- 2013
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Ingår i: Mathematische Annalen. - : Springer Verlag (Germany). - 0025-5831 .- 1432-1807. ; 357:4, s. 1509-1539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dependence on the domain for the Dirichlet eigenvalues of elliptic operators considered in bounded domains is studied. The proximity of domains is measured by a norm of the difference of two orthogonal projectors corresponding to the reference domain and the perturbed one; this allows to compare eigenvalues corresponding to domains that have non-smooth boundaries and different topology. The main result is an asymptotic formula in which the remainder is evaluated in terms of this quantity. Applications of this result are given. The results are new for the Laplace operator.
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| 190. |
- Fuchs, Jürgen, et al.
(författare)
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A geometric approach to boundaries and surface defects in Dijkgraaf-Witten theories
- 2014
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Ingår i: Communications in Mathematical Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0010-3616 .- 1432-0916. ; 332, s. 981-1015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dijkgraaf-Witten theories are extended three-dimensional topological field theories of Turaev-Viro type. They can be constructed geometrically from categories of bundles via linearization. Boundaries and surface defects or interfaces in quantum field theories are of interest in various applications and provide structural insight. We perform a geometric study of boundary conditions and surface defects in Dijkgraaf-Witten theories. A crucial tool is the linearization of categories of relative bundles. We present the categories of generalized Wilson lines produced by such a linearization procedure. We establish that they agree with the Wilson line categories that are predicted by the general formalism for boundary conditions and surface defects in three-dimensional topological field theories that has been developed in arXive:1203.4568.
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