| 21. |
- Cohen, Adam L., et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology of Influenza Virus Types and Subtypes in South Africa, 2009-2012
- 2014
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - Atlanta, USA : Centers Disease Control. - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 20:7, s. 1162-1169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine clinical and epidemiologic differences between influenza caused by different virus types and subtypes, we identified patients and tested specimens. Patients were children and adults hospitalized with confirmed influenza and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) identified through active, prospective, hospital-based surveillance from 2009-2012 in South Africa. Respiratory specimens were tested, typed, and subtyped for influenza virus by PCR. Of 16,005 SARI patients tested, 1,239 (8%) were positive for influenza virus. Patient age and co-infections varied according to virus type and subtype, but disease severity did not. Case-patients with influenza B were more likely than patients with influenza A to be HIV infected. A higher proportion of case-patients infected during the first wave of the 2009 influenza pandemic were 5-24 years of age (19%) than were patients infected during the second wave (9%). Although clinical differences exist, treatment recommendations do not differ according to subtype; prevention through vaccination is recommended.
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| 22. |
- Cohen, Cheryl, et al.
(författare)
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Severe Influenza-associated Respiratory Infection in High HIV Prevalence Setting, South Africa, 2009-2011
- 2013
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 19:11, s. 1766-1774
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data on influenza epidemiology in HIV-infected persons are limited, particularly for sub-Saharan Africa, where HIV infection is widespread. We tested respiratory and blood samples from patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections hospitalized in South Africa during 2009-2011 for viral and pneumococcal infections. Influenza was identified in 9% (1,056/11,925) of patients enrolled; among influenza case-patients, 358 (44%) of the 819 who were tested were infected with HIV. Influenza-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection incidence was 4-8 times greater for HIV-infected (186-228/100,000) than for HIV-uninfected persons (26-54/100,000). Furthermore, multivariable analysis showed HIV-infected patients were more likely to have pneumococcal co-infection; to be infected with influenza type B compared with type A; to be hospitalized for 2-7 days or >7 days; and to die from their illness. These findings indicate that HIV-infected persons are at greater risk for severe illnesses related to influenza and thus should be prioritized for influenza vaccination.
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| 23. |
- Connolly-Andersson, Anne-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Puumala virus infections associated with cardiovascular causes of death
- 2013
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 19:1, s. 126-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the causes of death of patients in Sweden with diagnoses of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) during 1997–2009. Cardiovascular disorders were a common cause of death during acute-phase HFRS and were the cause of death for >50% of those who died during the first year after HFRS.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Desvars, Amélie, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology and Ecology of Tularemia in Sweden, 1984-2012
- 2015
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 21:1, s. 32-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The zoonotic disease tularemia is endemic in large areas of the Northern Hemisphere, but research is lacking on patterns of spatial distribution and connections with ecologic factors. To describe the spatial epidemiology of and identify ecologic risk factors for tularemia incidence in Sweden, we analyzed surveillance data collected over 29 years (1984-2012). A total of 4,830 cases were notified, of which 3,524 met all study inclusion criteria. From the first to the second half of the study period, mean incidence increased 10-fold, from 0.26/100,000 persons during 1984-1998 to 2.47/100,000 persons during 1999 2012 (p<0.001). The incidence of tularemia was higher than expected in the boreal and alpine ecologic regions (p<0.001), and incidence was positively correlated with the presence of lakes and rivers (p<0.001). These results provide a comprehensive epidemiologic description of tularemia in Sweden and illustrate that incidence is higher in locations near lakes and rivers.
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| 26. |
- Diuk-Wasser, Maria A., et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring Human Babesiosis Emergence through Vector Surveillance, New England, USA
- 2014
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 20:2, s. 225-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne disease caused by the intraerythrocytic protozoan Babesia microti. Its geographic distribution is more limited than that of Lyme disease, despite sharing the same tick vector and reservoir hosts. The geographic range of B. microti is expanding, but knowledge of its range is incomplete and relies exclusively on reports of human cases. We evaluated the utility of tick-based surveillance for monitoring disease expansion by comparing the ratios of the 2 infections in humans and ticks in areas with varying babesiosis endemicity. We found a close association between human disease and tick infection ratios in long-established babesiosis-endemic areas but a lower than expected incidence of human babesiosis on the basis of tick infection rates in new disease-endemic areas. This finding suggests that babesiosis at emerging sites is underreported. Vector-based surveillance can provide an early warning system for the emergence of human babesiosis.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Drobni, Mirva, et al.
(författare)
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Vancomycin-resistant enterococci, Point Barrow, Alaska, USA
- 2009
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - Atlanta, GA, United States : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 15:5, s. 838-839
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 29. |
- Du, Juan, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection among Youth, Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 18:9, s. 1468-1471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical, head, and neck cancers. We studied 483 patients at a youth clinic in Stockholm, Sweden, and found oral HPV prevalence was 9.3% and significantly higher for female youth with than without cervical HPV infection (p = 0.043). Most oral HPV types matched the co-occurring cervical types.
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| 30. |
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