| 51. |
- Anderson, Christopher P., et al.
(författare)
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Electrical and optical control of single spins integrated in scalable semiconductor devices
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE. - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 366:6470, s. 1225-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spin defects in silicon carbide have the advantage of exceptional electron spin coherence combined with a near-infrared spin-photon interface, all in a material amenable to modern semiconductor fabrication. Leveraging these advantages, we integrated highly coherent single neutral divacancy spins in commercially available p-i-n structures and fabricated diodes to modulate the local electrical environment of the defects. These devices enable deterministic charge-state control and broad Stark-shift tuning exceeding 850 gigahertz. We show that charge depletion results in a narrowing of the optical linewidths by more than 50-fold, approaching the lifetime limit. These results demonstrate a method for mitigating the ubiquitous problem of spectral diffusion in solid-state emitters by engineering the electrical environment while using classical semiconductor devices to control scalable, spin-based quantum systems.
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| 52. |
- Anderson, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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The promise of negative emissions Response
- 2016
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 354:6313, s. 714-715
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 53. |
- Anderson, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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The trouble with negative emissions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 354:6309, s. 182-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Reliance on negative-emission concepts locks in humankind's carbon addiction
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| 54. |
- Anderson, Tovi M., et al.
(författare)
-
Molecular and Evolutionary History of Melanism in North American Gray Wolves
- 2009
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 323:5919, s. 1339-1343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Morphological diversity within closely related species is an essential aspect of evolution and adaptation. Mutations in the Melanocortin 1 receptor (Mc1r) gene contribute to pigmentary diversity in natural populations of fish, birds, and many mammals. However, melanism in the gray wolf, Canis lupus, is caused by a different melanocortin pathway component, the K locus, that encodes a beta-defensin protein that acts as an alternative ligand for Mc1r. We show that the melanistic K locus mutation in North American wolves derives from past hybridization with domestic dogs, has risen to high frequency in forested habitats, and exhibits a molecular signature of positive selection. The same mutation also causes melanism in the coyote, Canis latrans, and in Italian gray wolves, and hence our results demonstrate how traits selected in domesticated species can influence the morphological diversity of their wild relatives.
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| 55. |
- Andersson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Virus population dynamics and acquired virus resistance in natural microbial communities
- 2008
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 320:5879, s. 1047-1050
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Viruses shape microbial community structure and function by altering the fitness of their hosts and by promoting genetic exchange. The complexity of most natural ecosystems has precluded detailed studies of virus-host interactions. We reconstructed virus and host bacterial and archaeal genome sequences from community genomic data from two natural acidophilic biofilms. Viruses were matched to their hosts by analyzing spacer sequences that occur among clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) that are a hallmark of virus resistance. Virus population genomic analyses provided evidence that extensive recombination shuffles sequence motifs sufficiently to evade CRISPR spacers. Only the most recently acquired spacers match coexisting viruses, which suggests that community stability is achieved by rapid but compensatory shifts in host resistance levels and virus population structure.
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| 56. |
- Andersson, ER
(författare)
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In the zone for liver proliferation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science (New York, N.Y.). - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1095-9203 .- 0036-8075. ; 371:6532, s. 887-888
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Distinct liver compartments contribute to hepatocyte homeostasis versus regeneration
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| 57. |
- Andersson, Jan O, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Genomics. Are there bugs in our genome?
- 2001
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 292:5523, s. 1848-1850
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 58. |
- Andersson, L., et al.
(författare)
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Dust observations at orbital altitudes surrounding Mars
- 2015
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 350:6261
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dust is common close to the martian surface, but no known process can lift appreciable concentrations of particles to altitudes above similar to 150 kilometers. We present observations of dust at altitudes ranging from 150 to above 1000 kilometers by the Langmuir Probe and Wave instrument on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution spacecraft. Based on its distribution, we interpret this dust to be interplanetary in origin. A comparison with laboratory measurements indicates that the dust grain size ranges from 1 to 12 micrometers, assuming a typical grain velocity of similar to 18 kilometers per second. These direct observations of dust entering the martian atmosphere improve our understanding of the sources, sinks, and transport of interplanetary dust throughout the inner solar system and the associated impacts on Mars's atmosphere.
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| 59. |
- Andersson, Siv
(författare)
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The bacterial world gets smaller
- 2006
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Ingår i: Science. - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 314:5797, s. 259-260
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 60. |
- Andrews, Gregory, et al.
(författare)
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Mammalian evolution of human cis-regulatory elements and transcription factor binding sites
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 380:6643
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the regulatory landscape of the human genome is a long-standing objective of modern biology. Using the reference-free alignment across 241 mammalian genomes produced by the Zoonomia Consortium, we charted evolutionary trajectories for 0.92 million human candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs) and 15.6 million human transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs). We identified 439,461 cCREs and 2,024,062 TFBSs under evolutionary constraint. Genes near constrained elements perform fundamental cellular processes, whereas genes near primate-specific elements are involved in environmental interaction, including odor perception and immune response. About 20% of TFBSs are transposable element-derived and exhibit intricate patterns of gains and losses during primate evolution whereas sequence variants associated with complex traits are enriched in constrained TFBSs. Our annotations illuminate the regulatory functions of the human genome.
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