| 21. |
- Fransson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Self-assessed sexual function after pelvic irradiation for prostate carcinoma : Comparison with an age-matched control group
- 1996
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 78:5, s. 1066-1078
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND. Treatment of localized prostate carcinoma is often accompanied by disturbances in sexual function. The patient's own opinion and experience with these problems can be of great importance for his quality of life. In men older than 50 years, disturbances in sexual function are common. Treatment such as radiotherapy (RT), which can induce sexual dysfunction, should be evaluated in relation to the problems in an age-matched population without prostate carcinoma. METHODS. Sexual function was evaluated with a self-assessment questionnaire using linear-analogue scales. The questionnaire was sent to 199 patients with prostate carcinoma, median age 71 years (range, 51-86 years), who had received pelvic RT with curative intent and to 200 age-matched men in northern Sweden. Mean follow-up time after RT was 48 months (range, 24-56 months). RESULTS. The response rate was high: 141 (71%) and 181 (91%) in the control and patient groups, respectively. Field reduction and treatment pause during RT was not associated with decreased problems in the patient groups. A failure to achieve erection was indicated in 12% of the control subjects, 56% of the patients who had received (RT only) and 87% of the RT + castration (RT + A) patients. In general, patients < 70 years treated with RT + A indicated more sexual problems than the RT only patients < 70 years. There was a strong negative correlation between age and sexual problems in the RT 9 A < 70 years group. However, in patients < 70 years, sexual activity after RT only, was not significantly different from the age-matched control population. CONCLUSIONS. Patients with prostate carcinoma treated with RT only indicated higher levels of sexual dysfunction than age-matched controls. This was most obvious in patients younger than 70 years, although their sexual activity was comparable to age-matched controls. The addition of castration to RT tended to increase sexual problems, especially in patients < 70 years. In men between 70 and 74 years, the maintenance of sexual function seems to be very susceptible to disturbances. For patients older than 74 years, decreased sexual function was not perceived as such a significant problem, despite abolished desire and erection. (C) 1996 American Cancer Society.
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| 22. |
- Sandblom, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
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Prostate carcinoma trends in three counties in Sweden 1987–1996
- 2000
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Ingår i: Cancer. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 88:6, s. 1445-1453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND To detect changes in the incidence rate and management of prostate carcinoma, all cases of the disease diagnosed in the southeast region of Sweden between 1987–1996 were recorded.METHODS The register is based on Swedish personal registration numbers, thereby minimizing the number of dropouts. All cases of prostate carcinoma detected in the southeast region have been recorded according to a defined protocol that has been updated successively to match recent views regarding the disease. To ensure a high number of presented cases, the National Cancer Register was checked for missing cases.RESULTS Six thousand seven hundred eighty-two cases of prostate carcinoma were registered in the region between 1987–1996. The age-adjusted incidence rate reached a peak in 1993, followed by a slight decrease. The mean age at diagnosis throughout the period was 74.2 years, with a peak age of 74.8 years in 1992. The number of incidental tumors followed the development of the number of transurethral resections of the prostate performed in the region, with a peak in 1991. The percentage of patients receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues increased from 3.9% to 37.8% whereas the percentage of patients treated with orchiectomy decreased from 40.0% to 12.8% and the percentage of those treated with radical prostatectomy decreased from 11.1% to 2.5%.CONCLUSIONS A diminishing pool of latent tumors may explain the decreasing incidence rate and lower age at diagnosis observed after 1993. Orchiectomy is rapidly being superceded by GnRH analogues. In contrast to trends reported in the U.S., the percentage of men with prostate carcinoma undergoing total prostatectomy appears to be declining in Sweden.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Andersson, Therese M. -L., et al.
(författare)
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Cancer during pregnancy and the postpartum period : A population-based study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 121:12, s. 2072-2077
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to assess patterns of cancer occurrence during pregnancy and the postpartum period. METHODSThis was a register-based study using data from the Swedish Multi-Generation Register and the National Cancer Register from 1963 to 2007. Pregnancy-associated cancer (PAC) was defined as a malignancy detected during pregnancy or within 2 years of delivery and was assessed in 7 time windows: pregnancy, trimesters 1-3, 0-6 months, 7-12 months, and second year postpartum. Population incidence rates by 5-year age groups and periods were used to estimate the expected number of PACs for each site. The observed versus the expected (O/E) number of cases was estimated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTSThe 3 most common malignancies during pregnancy were melanoma (n=232), breast (n=139) and cervical cancer (n=139). With a slightly different rank order, these cancers are also the most common in women of childbearing age. The number of observed cases during pregnancy was lower than expected for all cancers, with a combined O/E ratio for all sites of 0.46 (95% CI, 0.43-0.49). The O/E ratio was close to 1 during all postpartum intervals, including 0-6 months (0.93; 95% CI, 0.88-0.98), 7-12 months (0.96; 95% CI, 0.91-1.01), and during the second year after delivery (0.95; 95% CI, 0.92-0.99). CONCLUSIONSThe rate of cancer during pregnancy was lower than expected for all sites, a finding that could not be explained entirely by delayed diagnosis. A rebound in the number of observed cases after delivery was restricted to melanoma, nervous system malignancies, and breast and thyroid cancer. Cancer 2015;121:2072-2077. (c) 2015 American Cancer Society. Fewer cancers than expected are found during pregnancy, a finding that cannot be explained entirely by delayed diagnosis.
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| 28. |
- Bermejo, JL, et al.
(författare)
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Familial sarcoma: challenging pedigrees
- 2004
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 100:8, s. 1767-1768
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 29. |
- Bjurstam, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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Updated results of the Gothenburg Trial of Mammographic Screening
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 122:12, s. 1832-1835
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUNDThere remain uncertainties about age-specific effects of breast cancer screening on mortality due to the disease. METHODSIn 1982, a randomized trial of mammographic screening every 18 months was started in Gothenburg, Sweden. Women between the ages of 39 and 49 years were randomized to an invitation to screening (intervention group; n = 11,792) or to usual care (the control group; n = 14,321). The corresponding numbers for women between the ages of 50 and 59 years were 10,112 and 15,997. Follow-up data for breast cancer mortality were available up to the end of 2007. Data were analyzed by Poisson regression with conservative variance estimates. RESULTSThere were 79 breast cancer deaths in the intervention arm and 156 in the control arm, and this meant a significant 30% reduction in breast cancer mortality with the offer of screening (relative risk [RR], 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53-0.93; P = .01). In women aged 39 to 49 years, there was a significant 40% reduction in breast cancer mortality (RR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43-0.85; P = .003). In the 50- to 59-year age group, there was a nonsignificant 18% breast cancer mortality reduction (RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.54-1.26; P = .4). CONCLUSIONSThe policy of offering mammographic screening substantially reduces breast cancer mortality and can do so in women younger than 50 years. Cancer 2016;122:1832-5. (c) 2016 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society. In a randomized trial of breast cancer screening, a significant reduction in breast cancer mortality is found with the offer of mammographic screening. The results suggest that screening can be effective in women younger than 50 years. and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non- commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
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