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Sökning: L773:1556 9519 > (2010-2014)

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11.
  • Knudsen, Kai, 1957, et al. (författare)
  • A case of life-threatening rectal administration of moist snuff.
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.). - : Informa UK Limited. - 1556-9519 .- 1556-3650. ; 48:6, s. 572-3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • CASE REPORT: We report a case of self-administration of 75 sachets of moist snuff rectally in a previously healthy, 42-year-old man. He presented with symptoms of nausea, discomfort, and dizziness. He had dry and warm skin, a pulse rate of 53 bpm, a mean arterial blood pressure of 135 mmHg and fluctuations in consciousness. The patient was treated with mechanical ventilation because of respiratory insufficiency. No specific anti-nicotinergic treatment was given. Plasma levels of the nicotine metabolite cotinine were 8,691 μg/L 7 h after admittance and 9,814 μg/L after 12 h. Levels of cotinine in the urine were above >50,000 μg/L. The patient developed a mild pneumonia, but he was uneventfully extubated after 12 h of mechanical ventilation. All physiological parameters were restored and he was discharged from hospital after 36 h. CONCLUSION: Excessive rectal administration of moist snuff may be life threatening. Patients may require intensive care. Long-term sequelae were not seen in this case.
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13.
  • Thelander, Gunilla, et al. (författare)
  • Caffeine fatalities - Do sales restrictions prevent intentional intoxications?
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Clinical Toxicology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1556-3650 .- 1556-9519. ; 48:4, s. 354-358
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective. Caffeine is widely available in beverages and in different over-the-counter products, including tablets containing 100 mg caffeine. Because intentional fatal intoxications with caffeine occur, the maximum quantity of caffeine tablets that can be bought over the counter in a single purchase was restricted from 250 to 30 in Sweden in the year 2004. The objective of this article was to study the effect of this decision on the number of fatal caffeine intoxications. Method. In Sweden 95% of all cases undergoing forensic autopsy are screened for a number of drugs including caffeine. All cases during January 1993-September 2009 with a caffeine concentration above 80 mu g/g blood were recorded. Results. During the study period toxicological investigations were performed in 83,580 forensic autopsies. Caffeine contributed to the fatal outcome in 20 cases (0.02%). Thirteen (65%) of these fatalities occurred before the introduction of the sales restriction. However, no fatal intoxications where caffeine contributed to the cause of death was recorded between May 2007 and September 2009. Conclusion. Overdoses of tablets containing caffeine can be fatal, suicides as well as accidents occur. Restricting the maximum quantity of caffeine tablets available over the counter seemed to be effective in preventing suicides because of caffeine although some time elapsed until the effect was noted. Further monitoring is required to ensure that the observed lower caffeine mortality is a sustained effect.
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  • Resultat 11-13 av 13

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