| 11. |
- Raghavan, Sukanya, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Immune modulation by regulatory T cells in Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets. - 2212-3873. ; 12:1, s. 71-85
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regulatory T cells (Treg) have the ability to suppress the activity of most other lymphoid cells as well as dendritic cells through cell-cell contact dependent mechanisms, which have not yet been fully defined. Treg are a key component of a functional immune system, and Treg deficiency is associated with severe autoimmunity and allergies. Antigen-specific Treg accumulate in gastric tissue during both Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Several studies suggest that the local Treg response protects the gastric mucosa from exaggerated inflammation and tissue damage, and the risk of PUD is inversely related to Treg frequencies. At the same time the reduction of the inflammatory response achieved by Treg leads to increased bacterial density. Furthermore, the inability to mount a protective inflammatory response will lead to chronic infection and in some patients to the development of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer progression. Treg actively infiltrate gastric adenocarcinomas and are predicted to promote tumor escape from cytotoxic immune responses. In addition, the presence of a potent Treg response will probably be an obstacle when constructing a future therapeutic vaccine against H. pylori. In this article, we will review the proposed mechanisms of action for Treg, their accumulation in the gastric mucosa in the different H. pylori-associated diseases, and how they may affect the immune response induced by H. pylori infection and the course of PUD and gastric adenocarcinomas.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Sympa, Paraskevi, et al.
(författare)
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Depression and Self-Efficacy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Northern Greece
- 2018
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Ingår i: Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets. - : Bentham Science Publishers. - 1871-5303 .- 2212-3873. ; 18:4, s. 371-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Depression represents one of the most common disorders in diabetic patients and frequently complicates the health care of this population. Poor self-efficacy has been associated with increased depressive symptoms as well as poor glycemic control.Objective: To assess depression and self-efficacy in adults with type 2 diabetes in Northern Greece and to explore the factors which may affect them in this group of population.Method: A descriptive study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in the largest city of Northern Greece. The study group included a convenience sample of 170 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who completed the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and the Diabetes Empowerment Scale- short form (DES) questionnaire.Results: The overall rate of diabetic patients showing psychological distress in the present study was 50.6%. Adults with low and moderate income experienced higher levels of depression and anxiety, compared to those with high economical status (p<0,001). Also, adults who graduated elementary education experienced higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms than those with a higher educational level (p =0,038). There was a statistically significant difference between age (p<0.001), type of residence (p=0.019), family status (p=0,002), financial status (p<0.001) and self-efficacy. Also, there was a negative correlation between BMI and self-efficacy (r=-0.206, p<0.001) and a negative correlation between depression and self-efficacy scale (r=-0.439, p<0.001)Conclusion: The results of the present study highlight the importance of well-planned interventions in order to reduce depression and increase self-efficacy in diabetic adults and to help them further improve their quality of life.
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| 14. |
- Tavakol, M, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic Approach to the Patients with Suspected Primary Immunodeficiency
- 2020
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Ingår i: Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets. - : Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.. - 2212-3873 .- 1871-5303. ; 20:2, s. 157-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are a group of more than 350 disorders affecting distinct components of the innate and adaptive immune systems. In this review, the classic and advanced stepwise approach towards the diagnosis of PIDs are simplified and explained in detail.Results:Susceptibility to recurrent infections is the main hallmark of almost all PIDs. However, noninfectious complications attributable to immune dysregulation presenting with lymphoproliferative and/or autoimmune disorders are not uncommon. Moreover, PIDs could be associated with misleading presentations including allergic manifestations, enteropathies, and malignancies.Conclusion:Timely diagnosis is the most essential element in improving outcome and reducing the morbidity and mortality in PIDs. This wouldn’t be possible unless the physicians keep the diagnosis of PID in mind and be sufficiently aware of the approach to these patients.
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| 15. |
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