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Sökning: WFRF:(Andren O)

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31.
  • Frykholm, R., et al. (författare)
  • Effect of cubic phase composition on gradient zone formation in cemented carbides
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: International journal of refractory metals & hard materials. - 0263-4368. ; 19:06-apr, s. 527-538
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Cemented carbide cutting tool inserts with a surface zone depleted of hard cubic carbides and enriched in ductile binder phase have been studied experimentally using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro analysis (EPMA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results are compared with simulations based on a solution of the multicomponent diffusion equations, coupled with calculations using thermodynamic descriptions of the individual phases. The materials in the study are based on WC-Ti(C,N)-Co, WC-Ti(C,N)-NbC-Co and WC-Ti(C,N)-TaC-Co. The surface zone is formed by creating a gradient in nitrogen activity in the material, leading to an outward diffusion of N. Due to thermodynamical coupling between N and Ti, the outward diffusion of N will lead to an inward diffusion of Ti, and a surface zone depleted in cubic carbides is formed. Additions of elements like Ta or Nb will affect the width of the surface zone. A material with a Ta-containing cubic phase will have a narrower surface zone than a material with a Nb-containing cubic phase. Ta or Nb additions also affect the distribution of the different phases in and adjacent to the surface zone.
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32.
  • Gregersen, V R, et al. (författare)
  • Bovine chromosomal regions affecting rheological traits in rennet-induced skim milk gels.
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Journal of Dairy Science. - : American Dairy Science Association. - 1525-3198 .- 0022-0302. ; 98:2, s. 1261-1272
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Optimizing cheese yield and quality is of central importance to cheese manufacturing. The yield is associated with the time it takes before the gel has an optimal consistency for further processing, and it is well known that gel formation differs between individual milk samples. By identifying genomic regions affecting traits related to rennet-induced gelation, the aim of this study was to identify potential candidate genes affecting these traits. Hence, rennet-induced gelation, including rennet coagulation time, gel strength, and yield stress, was measured in skim milk samples collected from 379 animals of the Swedish Red breed using low-amplitude oscillation measurements. All animals had genotypes for almost 621,000 segregating single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), identified using the Bovine HD SNPChip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). The genome was scanned for associations, haplotypes based on SNP sets comprising highly associated SNP were inferred, and the effects of the 2 most common haplotypes within each region were analyzed using mixed models. Even though the number of animals was relatively small, a total of 21 regions were identified, with 4 regions showing association with more than one trait. A major quantitative trait locus for all traits was identified around the casein cluster explaining between 9.3 to 15.2% of the phenotypic variation of the different traits. In addition, 3 other possible candidate genes were identified; that is, UDP-n-acetyl-α-d-galactosamine:polypeptide n-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase 1 (GALNT1), playing a role in O-glycosylation of κ-casein, and 2 cathepsins, CTSZ and CTSC, possibly involved in proteolysis of milk proteins. We have shown that other genes than the casein genes themselves may be involved in the regulation of gelation traits. However, additional analysis is needed to confirm these results. To our knowledge, this is the first study identifying quantitative trait loci affecting rennet-induced gelation of skim milk through a high-density genome-wide association study.
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33.
  • Hyttinen, O., et al. (författare)
  • Holocene stratigraphy of the Ångermanälven River estuary, Bothnian Sea
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Geo-Marine Letters. - : Springer. - 0276-0460 .- 1432-1157. ; 37:3, s. 273-288
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study explores the Holocene depositional succession at the IODP Expedition 347 sites M0061 and M0062 in the vicinity of the Ångermanälven River estuary in the Bothnian Sea sector of the Baltic Sea in northern Scandinavia. Site M0061 is located in a coastal offshore setting (87.9 m water depth), whereas site M0062 is fully estuarine (69.3 m water depth). The dataset comprises acoustic profiles and sediment cores collected in 2007 and late 2013 respectively. Three acoustic units (AUs) were recognized. Lowermost AU1 is interpreted as a poorly to discontinuous stratified glaciofluvial deposit, AU2 as a stratified conformable drape of glaciolacustrine origin, and AU3 as a poorly stratified to stratified mud drift. A strong truncating reflector separates AU2 and AU3. Three lithological units (LUs) were defined in the sediment cores. LU1 consists of glaciofluvial sand and silt gradating into LU2, which consists of glaciolacustrine varves. A sharp contact interpreted as a major unconformity separates LU2 from the overlying LU3 (brackish-water mud). In the basal part of LU3, one debrite (site M0061) or two debrites (site M0062) were recognized. Information yielded from sediment physical properties (magnetic susceptibility, natural gamma ray, dry bulk density), geochemistry (total carbon, total organic carbon, total inorganic carbon and nitrogen), and grain size support the LU division. The depositional succession was formally subdivided into two alloformations: the Utansjö Alloformation and overlying Hemsön Alloformation; the Utansjö Alloformation was further subdivided into two lithostratigraphic formations: the Storfjärden and Åbordsön formations. The Storfjärden (sandy outwash) and Åbordsön (glaciolacustrine rhythmite) formations represent a glacial retreat systems tract, which started at ca. 10.6 kyr BP. Their deposition was mainly controlled by meltwater from the retreating ice margin, glacio-isostatic land uplift and the regressive (glacial) lake level. The Hemsön Alloformation (organic-rich brackish-water mud) represents a period of forced regression, starting possibly at ca. 9.5 kyr BP. At about 7 kyr BP, brackish water reached the study area as a result of the mid-Holocene marine flooding of the Baltic Sea Basin, but the rapid land uplift soon surpassed the associated (Littorina) transgression. Changed near-bottom current patterns, caused by the establishment of a permanent halocline, and the reduced sediment consistency caused by increased organic deposition resulted in a sharp and erosional base of the brackish-water mud. Estuarine processes and salinity stratification at site M0062 started to play a more important role. This study applies a combined allostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic approach over the conventional Baltic Sea stages. This approach makes it more straightforward to study this Baltic Sea deglaciation–postglacial sequence and compare it to other formerly glaciated shallow sea estuaries.
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34.
  • Johansson, JE, et al. (författare)
  • Natural history of early localized prostate cancer - Reply
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0098-7484. ; 292:13, s. 1549-1550
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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35.
  • Josefsson, Andreas, 1979, et al. (författare)
  • Effect of docetaxel added to bicalutamide in Hormone-Naive non-metastatic prostate cancer with rising PSA, a randomized clinical trial (SPCG-14)
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X. ; 62:4, s. 372-380
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BackgroundHistorically, endocrine therapy was used in a range of scenarios in patients with rising PSA, both as a treatment for locally advanced non-metastatic prostate cancer and PSA recurrence following curative intended therapy. In the present study the objective was to investigate if chemotherapy added to endocrine therapy could improve progression-free survival (PFS).Materials and MethodsPatients with hormone-naive, non-metastatic prostate cancer and rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA), enrolled from Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Finland, were randomized to long-term bicalutamide (150 mg daily) or plus docetaxel (75 mg/m(2), q3w, 8-10 cycles) without prednisone, after stratification for the site, prior local therapy or not, and PSA doubling time. The primary endpoint was 5-year PFS analyzed with a stratified Cox proportional hazards regression model on intention to treat basis.ResultsBetween 2009 and 2018, a total of 348 patients were randomized; 315 patients had PSA relapse after radical treatment, 33 patients had no prior local therapy. Median follow-up was 4.9 years (IQR 4.0-5.1). Adding docetaxel improved PFS (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.50-0.93; p = 0.015). Docetaxel showed an advantage for patients with PSA relapse after prior local therapy (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49-0.94; p = 0.019). One event of neutropenic infection/fever occurred in 27% of the patients receiving docetaxel. Limitations were slow recruitment, lack of enrolling patients without radical local treatment, and too short follow-up for evaluation of overall survival in patients with PSA relapse.ConclusionDocetaxel improved PFS in patients starting bicalutamide due to PSA relapse after local therapy or localized disease without local therapy. Confirmatory studies of the efficacy of docetaxel in the setting of PSA-only relapse in addition to endocrine therapies may be justified if longer follow-up will show increased metastatic-free survival.
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36.
  • Katterer, T., et al. (författare)
  • Pedotransfer functions for estimating plant available water and bulk density in Swedish agricultural soils
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica - Section B. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0906-4710 .- 1651-1913. ; 56:4, s. 263-276
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) to estimate plant available water were developed from a database of arable soils in Sweden. The PTFs were developed to fulfil the minimum requirements of any agro-hydrological application, i.e., soil water content at wilting point (theta(wp)) and field capacity (theta(fc)),from information that frequently is available from soil surveys such as texture and soil organic carbon content (SOC). From the same variables we also estimated bulk density (rho) and porosity (epsilon), which seldom are included in surveys, but are needed for calculating element mass balances. The seven particle-size classes given in the data set were aggregated in different ways to match information commonly gained from surveys. Analysis of covariance and stepwise multiple linear regression were used for quantifying the influence of depth, particle size class, textural class and soil organic carbon on the characteristic variables. PTFs developed from other data sets were also tested and their goodness-of-fit and bias was evaluated. These functions and those developed for the Swedish database were also tested on an independent data set and finally ranked according to their goodness of fit. Among single independent variables, clay was the best predictor for theta(wp), sand ( or the sum of clay and silt) for theta(fc) and SOC for rho and epsilon. A large fraction of the variation in theta(wp) and theta(fc) is explained by soil texture and SOC ( up to 90%) and root mean square errors (RMSEs) were as small as 0.03 m(3) water m(-3) soil in the best models. For the prediction of rho and epsilon in the test data set, the best PTF could only explain 40-43% of the total variance with corresponding RMSEs of 0.14 g cm(-3) and 5.3% by volume, respectively. Recently presented PTFs derived from a North American database performed very well for estimating theta(wp) ( low error and bias) and could be recommended for Swedish soils if measurements of clay, sand and SOC were available. Although somewhat less accurately, also theta(fc) could be estimated satisfactorily. This indicates that the determination of plant available water by texture and SOC is rather independent of soil genesis and that certain PTFs are transferable between continents.
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37.
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38.
  • Liberg, O, et al. (författare)
  • Severe inbreeding depression in a wild wolf (Canis lupus) population
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Biology letters. - : The Royal Society. - 1744-9561 .- 1744-957X. ; 1:1, s. 17-20
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The difficulty of obtaining pedigrees for wild populations has hampered the possibility of demonstrating inbreeding depression in nature. In a small, naturally restored, wild population of grey wolves in Scandinavia, founded in 1983, we constructed a pedigree for 24 of the 28 breeding pairs established in the period 1983-2002. Ancestry for the breeding animals was determined through a combination of field data (snow tracking and radio telemetry) and DNA microsatellite analysis. The population was founded by only three individuals. The inbreeding coefficient F varied between 0.00 and 0.41 for wolves born during the study period. The number of surviving pups per litter during their first winter after birth was strongly correlated with inbreeding coefficients of pups (R-2 = 0. 39, p < 0.00 1). This inbreeding depression was recalculated to match standard estimates of lethal equivalents (213), corresponding to 6.04 (2.58-9.48, 95% CI) litter-size-reducing equivalents in this wolf population.
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39.
  • Lind, Lars, et al. (författare)
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension is associated with the insulin resistance metabolic syndrome
  • 1995
  • Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 0263-6352 .- 1473-5598. ; 13:4, s. 433-438
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with the insulin resistance syndrome. METHODS: Fifty patients with untreated hypertension were evaluated by recording office blood pressure during regular antihypertensive treatment and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure and office blood pressure after 4-6 weeks on placebo, echocardiography with M-mode measurements of left ventricular wall thickness and pulsed-wave Doppler measurements of mitral flow in diastole and the hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp, for determination of insulin sensitivity. RESULTS: The left ventricular wall thickness was found to be significantly related to blood pressure [r = 0.44, P < 0.004 for 24-h ambulatory systolic blood pressure (SBP)], fasting insulin level (r = 0.32, P < 0.03) and haematocrit level (r = 0.37, P < 0.009) and inversely related to insulin sensitivity (r = -0.59, P < 0.0001). Multiple regression analysis with these relationships together with confounding factors age, sex, body mass index and waist: hip ratio as independent variables showed insulin sensitivity to be the only significant variable, explaining 43% of the variation in left ventricular wall thickness, whereas 24-h ambulatory SBP explained a further 7%. Left ventricular diastolic filling, as evaluated by the mitral Doppler early: atrial ratio, was significantly correlated with insulin sensitivity (r = 0.42, P < 0.003) and inversely related to blood pressure (r = -0.41, P < 0.02 for 24-h ambulatory SBP), left ventricular wall thickness (r = -0.34, P < 0.02) and serum fibrinogen level (r = -0.63, P < 0.0001). However, multiple regression analysis showed that insulin sensitivity was more closely related to diastolic filling than to blood pressure or left ventricular wall thickness. CONCLUSION: The present study showed left ventricular wall thickness to be closely associated with insulin resistance. Because diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle was also related to a decreased insulin sensitivity, these findings suggest that left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction are associated with the insulin resistance metabolic syndrome.
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