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| 63. |
- Barth, C, et al.
(författare)
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In Vivo Amygdala Nuclei Volumes in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders
- 2021
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Ingår i: Schizophrenia bulletin. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1745-1701 .- 0586-7614. ; 47:5, s. 1431-1441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abnormalities in amygdala volume are well-established in schizophrenia and commonly reported in bipolar disorders. However, the specificity of volumetric differences in individual amygdala nuclei is largely unknown. Patients with schizophrenia disorders (SCZ, N = 452, mean age 30.7 ± 9.2 [SD] years, females 44.4%), bipolar disorders (BP, N = 316, 33.7 ± 11.4, 58.5%), and healthy controls (N = 753, 34.1 ± 9.1, 40.9%) underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Total amygdala, nuclei, and intracranial volume (ICV) were estimated with Freesurfer (v6.0.0). Analysis of covariance and multiple linear regression models, adjusting for age, age2, ICV, and sex, were fitted to examine diagnostic group and subgroup differences in volume, respectively. Bilateral total amygdala and all nuclei volumes, except the medial and central nuclei, were significantly smaller in patients relative to controls. The largest effect sizes were found for the basal nucleus, accessory basal nucleus, and cortico-amygdaloid transition area (partial η2 > 0.02). The diagnostic subgroup analysis showed that reductions in amygdala nuclei volume were most widespread in schizophrenia, with the lateral, cortical, paralaminar, and central nuclei being solely reduced in this disorder. The right accessory basal nucleus was marginally smaller in SCZ relative to BP (t = 2.32, P = .05). Our study is the first to demonstrate distinct patterns of amygdala nuclei volume reductions in a well-powered sample of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Volume differences in the basolateral complex (lateral, basal, and accessory basal nuclei), an integral part of the threat processing circuitry, were most prominent in schizophrenia.
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| 65. |
- Blankestijn, Peter J., et al.
(författare)
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Benefits and harms of high-dose haemodiafiltration versus high-flux haemodialysis : The comparison of high-dose haemodiafiltration with high-flux haemodialysis (CONVINCE) trial protocol
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 10:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a major public health problem affecting more than 2 million people worldwide. It is one of the most severe chronic non-communicable diseases. Haemodialysis (HD) is the most common therapeutic option but is also associated with a risk of cardiovascular events, hospitalisation and suboptimal quality of life. Over the past decades, haemodiafiltration (HDF) has become available. Although high-dose HDF has shown some promising survival advantage compared to conventional HD, the evidence remains controversial. A Cochrane systematic review found, in low-quality trials, with various convective forms of dialysis, a reduction in cardiovascular, but not all-cause mortality and the effects on non-fatal cardiovascular events and hospitalisation were uncertain. In contrast, an individual patient data analysis suggested that high-dose HDF reduced both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality compared to HD. In view of these discrepant results, a definitive trial is required to determine whether high-dose HDF is preferable to high-flux HD. The comparison of high-dose HDF with high-flux HD (CONVINCE) study will assess the benefits and harms of high-dose HDF versus a conventional high-flux HD in adults with ESKD. Methods and analysis This international, prospective, open label, randomised controlled trial aims to recruit 1800 ESKD adults treated with HD in nine European countries. Patients will be randomised 1:1 to high-dose HDF versus continuation of conventional high-flux HD. The primary outcome will be all-cause mortality at 3 years' follow-up. Secondary outcomes will include cause-specific mortality, cardiovascular events, all-cause and infection-related hospitalisations, patient-reported outcomes (eg, health-related quality of life) and cost-effectiveness. Ethics and dissemination The CONVINCE study will address the question of benefits and harms of high-dose HDF compared to high-flux HD for kidney replacement therapy in patients with ESKD with a focus on survival, patient perspectives and cost-effectiveness. Trial registration number Netherlands National Trial Register (NTR 7138).
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| 66. |
- Colas, C, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding Experiences of Fibromyalgia Patients Involved in the Fimouv Study During COVID-19 Lockdown
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 12, s. 645092-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction:The COVID-19 pandemic implied a period of lockdown for the general population, increasing the risk to develop some physical or mental disorders. In fibromyalgia patients, these disorders are part of the large clinical picture of the syndrome. Fibromyalgia management is especially based on a regular practice of physical activity. Lockdown imposed a break in rhythms, requiring a restructuring of scheduling. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the experiences of fibromyalgia patients during COVID-19 lockdown using a qualitative analysis.Method:19 patients (52 ± 9 years old) who completed a 3-month therapeutic education and/or supervised physical activity program were invited to participate (Fimouv study, Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04107948). A sociologist collected data by means of semi-structured interviews and analyzed them using thematic content analysis.Results:Lockdown exacerbated the main symptoms of fibromyalgia, but adjusting the rhythms of life to fluctuations of these symptoms allowed a better quality of life. Patients felt the lack of physical activity and 68% found alternatives to remain physically active. The reduction of social constraints allowed them to better contend with their pathology. Fibromyalgia stopped being a main priority.Conclusion:Lockdown was positively experienced by fibromyalgia patients. They linked the absence of physical activity with increased pain and fatigue. Nevertheless, reducing social constraints could be a key for fibromyalgia management, where symptoms seemed to take less space in everyday life.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04107948.
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| 67. |
- Colmenares, Juan, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Characterization of Enhancement Mode Gallium-Nitride Power Field-Effect Transistors at Cryogenic Temperatures
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2016 IEEE 4TH WORKSHOP ON WIDE BANDGAP POWER DEVICES AND APPLICATIONS (WIPDA). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781509015764 ; , s. 129-134
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- High power density converters in combination with cryogenic power systems could have a significant impact on the electrification of transportation systems as well as other energy conversion systems. In this study, the cryogenic temperature performance of an EPC gallium-nitride (GaN) power field-effect transistor was evaluated. At - 195 degrees C, an 85 % reduction in on-state resistance, and a 16 % increase in threshold voltage were experimentally measured. Moreover, using a double-pulse test, no major changes in switching characteristics were observed. GaN transistors are thus excellent choices for operation at cryogenic temperatures.
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| 68. |
- Colmenares, Juan, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental characterization of Enhancement ModeGaN power FETs at cryogenic temperatures
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- High power density converters in combination with cryogenic power systems could have a significant effect on the electrification of transportation systems as well as other energy conversion systems. In this study, the cryogenic temperature performance of an EPC GaN power FET was evaluated. At -195 °C, an 85 % reduction in on-state resistance, a 16 % increase in threshold voltage, and no major changes in switching characteristics were observed.
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| 69. |
- Colmenares, Juan, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Evaluation of a 1 kW, Single-Phase, 3-LevelGaN Inverter at Extreme Cold Environments
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Low temperature of operation of power electronics applications enables higher efficiencies and higher reliability. Moreover, combining lower temperature of operation with rapidly maturing wide-bandgap semiconductors materials, such as gallium-nitride, could facilitate higher power density designs. In this study, the low temperature performance of a 1 kW single phase, 3-level GaN inverter has been evaluated. A 33% reduction in the losses was measured during rated operation at -75 °C. To show the impact of temperature on the power loss breakdown, a comparison of the estimated and measured losses has been performed.
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| 70. |
- Davis, Timothy A., et al.
(författare)
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Revealing the intermediate-mass black hole at the heart of the dwarf galaxy NGC404 with sub-parsec resolution ALMA observations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 496:4, s. 4061-4078
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We estimate the mass of the intermediate-mass black hole at the heart of the dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC 404 using Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array (ALMA) observations of the molecular interstellar medium at an unprecedented linear resolution of approximate to 0.5 pc, in combination with existing stellar kinematic information. These ALMA observations reveal a central disc/torus of molecular gas clearly rotating around the black hole. This disc is surrounded by a morphologically and kinematically complex flocculent distribution of molecular clouds, that we resolve in detail. Continuum emission is detected from the central parts of NGC 404, likely arising from the Rayleigh-Jeans tail of emission from dust around the nucleus, and potentially from dusty massive star-forming clumps at discrete locations in the disc. Several dynamical measurements of the black hole mass in this system have been made in the past, but they do not agree. We show here that both the observed molecular gas and stellar kinematics independently require a approximate to 5 x 10(5) M-circle dot black hole once we include the contribution of the molecular gas to the potential. Our best estimate comes from the high-resolution molecular gas kinematics, suggesting the black hole mass of this system is 5.5(-3.8)(+4.1) x 10(5) M-circle dot (at the 99 per cent confidence level), in good agreement with our revised stellar kinematic measurement and broadly consistent with extrapolations from the black hole mass-velocity dispersion and black hole massbulge mass relations. This highlights the need to accurately determine the mass and distribution of each dynamically important component around intermediate-mass black holes when attempting to estimate their masses.
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