| 21. |
- Andersson, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to determine toxic gases in fires with lithium-ion batteries
- 2016
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Ingår i: Fire and Materials. - : Wiley. - 0308-0501 .- 1099-1018. ; 40:8, s. 999-1015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Batteries, in particular lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, are seen as an alternative to fossil fuels in the automotive sector. Li-ion batteries, however, have some safety issues including possible emissions of toxic fluorine-containing compounds during fire and other abuse situations. This paper demonstrates the possibilities to use the Fourier transform infrared technique to assess some of the most important compounds, including hydrogen fluoride and the far less often measured POF3 and PF5. The study is conducted in the cone calorimeter with different solvents used in Li-ion batteries. The measurements show that, in addition to hydrogen fluoride, with a known high toxicity, POF3 is emitted and can be quantified using Fourier transform infrared.
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| 22. |
- Arason, Adalgeir, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide search for breast cancer linkage in large Icelandic non-BRCA1/2 families
- 2010
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Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-5411 .- 1465-542X. ; 12:4, s. R50-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chromosomes 2p, 6q and 14q are candidate sites for genes contributing together to high breast cancer risk. A polygenic model is supported, suggesting the joint effect of genes in contributing to breast cancer risk to be rather common in non-BRCA1/2 families. For genetic counselling it would seem important to resolve the mode of genetic interaction.
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| 23. |
- Bartkova, Jirina, et al.
(författare)
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Aberrations of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 DNA damage sensor complex in human breast cancer : MRE11 as a candidate familial cancer-predisposing gene
- 2008
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Ingår i: Molecular Oncology. - : Wiley. - 1574-7891. ; 2:4, s. 296-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MRE11, RAD50, and NBS1 genes encode proteins of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex critical for proper maintenance of genomic integrity and tumour suppression; however, the extent and impact of their cancer-predisposing defects, and potential clinical value remain to be determined. Here, we report that among a large series of approximately 1000 breast carcinomas, around 3%, 7% and 10% tumours showed aberrantly reduced protein expression for RAD50, MRE11 and NBS1, respectively. Such defects were more frequent among the ER/PR/ERBB2 triple-negative and higher-grade tumours, among familial (especially BRCA1/BRCA2-associated) rather than sporadic cases, and the NBS1 defects correlated with shorter patients' survival. The BRCA1-associated and ER/PR/ERBB2 triple-negative tumours also showed high incidence of constitutively active DNA damage signalling (gamma H2AX) and p53 aberrations. Sequencing the RAD50, MRE11 and NBS1 genes of 8 patients from non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer families whose tumours showed concomitant reduction/loss of all three MRN-complex proteins revealed two germline mutations in MRE11: a missense mutation R202G and a truncating mutation R633STOP (R633X). Gene transfer and protein analysis of cell culture models with mutant MRE11 implicated various destabilization patterns among the MRN complex proteins including NBS1, the abundance of which was restored by re-expression of wild-type MRE11. We propose that germline mutations qualify MRE11 as a novel candidate breast cancer susceptibility gene in a subset of non-BRCA1/2 families. Our data have implications for the concept of the DNA damage response as an intrinsic anti-cancer barrier, various components of which become inactivated during cancer progression and also represent the bulk of breast cancer susceptibility genes discovered to date.
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| 24. |
- Bergh, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Tailored fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide compared with marrow-supported high-dose chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment for high-risk breast cancer : A randomised trial
- 2000
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 356:9239, s. 1384-1391
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Chemotherapy drug distribution varies greatly among individual patients. Therefore, we developed an individualised fluorouracil, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide (FEC) regimen to improve outcomes in patients with high-risk early breast cancer. We then did a randomised trial to compare this individually tailored FEC regimen with conventional adjuvant chemotherapy followed by consolidation with high-dose chemotherapy with stem-cell support. Methods: 525 women younger than 60 years of age with high-risk primary breast cancer were randomised after surgery to receive nine cycles of tailored FEC to haematological equitoxicity with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) support (n=251), or three cycles of FEC at standard doses followed by high-dose chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, and carboplatin (CTCb), and peripheral-blood stem-cell or bone-marrow support (n=274). Both groups received locoregional radiation therapy and tamoxifen for 5 years. The primary outcome measure was relapse-free survival, and analysis was by intention to treat. Findings: At a median follow-up of 34.3 months, there were 81 breast-cancer relapses in the tailored FEC group versus 113 in the CTCb group (double triangular method p=0.04). 60 deaths occurred in the tailored FEC group and 82 in the CTCb group (log-rank p=0.12). Patients in the CTCb group experienced more grade 3 or 4 acute toxicity compared with the tailored FEC group (p<0.0001). Two treatment-related deaths (0.7%) occurred in the CTCb group. Six patients in the tailored FEC group developed acute myeloid leukaemia and three developed myelodysplastic syndrome. Interpretation: Tailored FEC with G-CSF support resulted in a significantly improved relapse-free survival and fewer grade 3 and 4 toxicities compared with marrow-supported high-dose chemotherapy with CTCb as adjuvant therapy of women with high-risk primary breast cancer.
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| 25. |
- Blomqvist, Carl Oliver, 1984-
(författare)
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Flerspråkighet eller språkförbistring? : Finska segment i svenska medeltidsbrev 1350–1526
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis examines fragmentary Finnish in Late Old Swedish charters (c. 1350–1526) issued in the Finnish part of the Swedish realm, the diocese of Åbo. Consisting mostly of proper names, albeit occasionally displaying Finnish inflectional and derivational morphology, these fragments have previously not generally been regarded as representing actual written Finnish, but rather as onomastic loans or transcriptions of oral language by more or less monolingual Swedish scribes. This thesis attempts a description and analysis of the Swedish–Finnish language mixture, to see to what extent the embedding of Finnish segments in these Swedish-language charters can be said to reflect scribal proficiency in Finnish or a lack thereof.The thesis relies on theoretical and empirical findings in the fields of code-switching and historical sociolinguistics. To provide a socio-historical context for the linguistic analysis, sociolinguistic conditions in medieval Finland and the textual genre of medieval charters are outlined. The bilingual segments in the data are then described and compared with models of code-switching from modern studies, to see whether their form corresponds to patterns that could be expected of more or less balanced bilinguals. The choice between Swedish and Finnish linguistic variants is also considered in the light of textual and sociolinguistic factors, and a study is made of Finnish grammatical transfer in the scribal Swedish of medieval Finland.Although the scarcity of the medieval data does not allow definite conclusions, the tentative results reveal a language mixture that is mainly well formed, though limited in scope and with some instances of scribal errors that could be due to a lack of proficiency in Finnish. On the other hand, the insertion of Finnish segments shows a stylistic patterning that suggests a linguistic awareness on the part of the scribes, and the choice of Swedish prepositions in certain constructions differs quantitatively from the norm in non-Finnish parts of medieval Sweden, in a way that can partly be attributed to the influence of Finnish locative case semantics. While it is apparent that proficiency levels in Finnish must have varied somewhat among medieval scribes in Finland, the results point to a more or less bilingual proficiency, or at least extensive passive knowledge of Finnish.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Blomqvist, Carl Oliver, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Rumslighet under medeltiden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift för Finland. - Vasa. - 0046-7596 .- 2343-2888. ; 1, s. 1-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Blomqvist, Carl Oliver, 1984-
(författare)
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Svensk-finsk språkblandning i Finlands medeltidsdiplom
- 2016
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Ingår i: Studier i svenskspråkhistoria 13. - Umeå. - 9789188466907 - 9789186438579
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper I will examine the mixing of Swedish and Finnishin medieval charters from Finland from the 14th to the 16th century. In thesecharters, where Swedish from the mid-14th century onwards functions asthe de jure framing language, one can find embedded Finnish-languagelinguistic segments, mainly in complex personal and topographic designations.Apart from Finnish proper nouns, flectional and derivational endingsabound, and there are even sporadic occurrences of common nouns.With evidence from research in other mixed-language texts from medievalEurope, I present the following four main conditioning factors formixed language text formation as identified by previous scholars: 1) scriballinguistic deficiency, 2) traces of oral language, 3) pragmatic benefits of theuse of vernacular for achieving intelligibility, and 4) scribal multilingualism.In earlier research, the aforementioned language-mixing has hardlybeen commented on, and if it has been it has mostly been considered to betranscribed oral language rendered in a more or less obscured manner bynon-Finnish-speaking Swedish scribes. I argue that all of the four abovementionedconditioning factors for written language-mixing must be consideredin studying fragmentary vernacular language in Finnish charters.What might seem to be linguistic confusion at first glance can instead beinterpreted as multilingual proficiency and an intentional use of multilingualresources for communicative ends.
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