| 51. |
- Kaufmann, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Common brain disorders are associated with heritable patterns of apparent aging of the brain
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Neuroscience. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1097-6256 .- 1546-1726. ; 22:10, s. 1617-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Common risk factors for psychiatric and other brain disorders are likely to converge on biological pathways influencing the development and maintenance of brain structure and function across life. Using structural MRI data from 45,615 individuals aged 3-96 years, we demonstrate distinct patterns of apparent brain aging in several brain disorders and reveal genetic pleiotropy between apparent brain aging in healthy individuals and common brain disorders.
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| 52. |
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| 53. |
- Kerstens, Vera S, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability of dopamine transporter PET measurements with [18F]FE-PE2I in patients with Parkinson's disease.
- 2020
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Ingår i: EJNMMI Research. - : Springer Nature. - 2191-219X. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Reliable quantification of dopamine transporter (DAT), a biomarker for Parkinson's disease (PD), is essential for diagnostic purposes as well as for evaluation of potential disease-modifying treatment. Due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and thus lower expected radioligand binding to DAT, higher measurement variability in PD patients might be expected than earlier reproducibility results in healthy controls. Therefore, we aimed to examine the test-retest properties of [18F]FE-PE2I-PET in PD patients.METHODS: Nine patients with PD (Hoehn and Yahr stage < 3) were included (men/women 6/3; mean age 65.2 ± 6.8 years). Each patient underwent two [18F]FE-PE2I-PET measurements within 7-28 days. The outcome measure was non-displaceable binding potential generated using wavelet-aided parametric imaging with cerebellum as reference region. We assessed test-retest performance using estimates of reliability and repeatability. Regions for primary analysis were caudate, putamen, ventral striatum, and substantia nigra. Exploratory analysis was performed for functional subdivisions of the striatum. We also compared the more vs. less affected side.RESULTS: [18F]FE-PE2I showed absolute variability estimates of 5.3-7.6% in striatal regions and 11% in substantia nigra and ICCs of 0.74-0.97 (median 0.91). The absolute variability for functional striatal subdivisions was 6.0-9.6% and ICCs of 0.76-0.91 (median 0.91). The less affected substantia nigra exhibited greater consistency than the more affected side. According to power calculations based on the current sample size, DAT changes of 5-11% in the striatum and 28% in the substantia nigra can be detected with a power of 0.8 (p < 0.0125).CONCLUSION: DAT-PET measurements with [18F]FE-PE2I in PD patients showed good repeatability and reliability. The slightly lower reliability in the substantia nigra in patients may be explained by lower DAT density and smaller anatomical size. Power calculations suggest that [18F]FE-PE2I PET is a suitable marker for longitudinal DAT decline in PD.TRIAL REGISTRATION: EudraCT 2017-003327-29.
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| 54. |
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| 55. |
- MacDonald, Stuart W S, et al.
(författare)
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Extrastriatal dopamine D2 receptor binding modulates intraindividual variability in episodic recognition and executive functioning.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Neuropsychologia. - : Elsevier BV. - 0028-3932 .- 1873-3514. ; 47:11, s. 2299-2304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intraindividual variability (IIV) reflects lawful but transient within-person changes in performance. Increased IIV in cognition shares systematic associations with numerous conditions characterized by alterations in dopamine (DA) neuromodulation (e.g., old age, ADHD, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease). In a group of normal middle-aged adults, we examined links between PET-derived measures of D2 receptor binding in striatum, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and hippocampus (HC) and IIV for tasks assessing recognition memory and executive functioning. An index of IIV, the intraindividual standard deviation (ISD), was computed across successful response latency trials for each cognitive outcome. Lower D2 binding in OC, ACC, and HC, but not striatum, was associated with increasing ISDs for the memory and executive measures. Consistent with neurocomputational models, the present findings suggest a role for extrastriatal DA neurotransmission in modulating variability in cognitive functioning.
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