| 21. |
- Colica, C., et al.
(författare)
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Dietary Patterns and Fractures risk in the elderly
- 2017
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Endocrinology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-2392. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose:Although the role of dietary factors in the prevention of bone loss and fractures has been investigated in many studies, few studies have examined the association between dietary patterns and total body bone density. Our aim was to determine the relations between dietary patterns and whole-body bone mineral density (WB-BMD) and the association between dietary patterns, fractures, and multiple fractures in the elderly. Methods:This cross-sectional study included 177 individuals aged >= 65 years. A dual X-ray absorptiometry scan was performed to measure BMD. Dietary patterns were ascertained by a combination of dietary intake assessment and principal components analysis. Results:Only three dietary patterns correlated with whole-body bone density. The multivariate-adjusted mean bone density across tertiles of these dietary patterns showed that the highest tertile of both the patterns 1 and 2 had a significantly higher bone density than the lowest tertile (pattern 1:1.021 +/- 0.01 and 1.070 +/- 0.01 g/cm(2) for T1 and T3, respectively; p = 0.043; pattern 2:1.023 +/- 0.01, and 1.081 +/- 0.01 g/cm(2) for T1 and T3, respectively; p = 0.003). We also find significant gender difference in these results. The highest adherence to the dietary pattern 5 was associated with decreased odds of having fractures (OR = 0.20, p = 0.009), and adherence to the pattern 1 was negatively associated with multiple fractures. Conclusion:A high adherence to the dietary pattern 1 (high intake of grains, fish and olive oil) was associated with a high BMD and a low number of fractures. The highest adherence to the dietary pattern 5 (legumes and wine) was associated with decreased odds of having fractures. Our finding would suggest a potential bone-preserving properties of specific dietary patterns in the elderly.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Montalcini, T., et al.
(författare)
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High Vegetable Fats Intake Is Associated with High Resting Energy Expenditure in Vegetarians
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 7:7, s. 5933-5947
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been demonstrated that a vegetarian diet may be effective in reducing body weight, however, the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear. We investigated whether there is a difference in resting energy expenditure between 26 vegetarians and 26 non-vegetarians and the correlation between some nutritional factors and inflammatory markers with resting energy expenditure. In this cross-sectional study, vegetarians and non-vegetarians were matched by age, body mass index and gender. All underwent instrumental examinations to assess the difference in body composition, nutrient intake and resting energy expenditure. Biochemical analyses and 12 different cytokines and growth factors were measured as an index of inflammatory state. A higher resting energy expenditure was found in vegetarians than in non-vegetarians (p = 0.008). Furthermore, a higher energy from diet, fibre, vegetable fats intake and interleukin- (IL-1) was found between the groups. In the univariate and multivariable analysis, resting energy expenditure was associated with vegetarian diet, free-fat mass and vegetable fats (p < 0.001; Slope in statistic (B) = 4.8; = 0.42). After adjustment for cytokines, log(10) interleukin-10 (IL-10) still correlated with resting energy expenditure (p = 0.02). Resting energy expenditure was positively correlated with a specific component of the vegetarian's diet, i.e., vegetable fats. Furthermore, we showed that IL-10 was positively associated with resting energy expenditure in this population.
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| 24. |
- Raveendran, Vishnu, et al.
(författare)
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Homogenization of a reaction-diffusion problem with large nonlinear drift and Robin boundary data
- 2024
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Ingår i: Quarterly of Applied Mathematics. - : American Mathematical Society (AMS). - 0033-569X .- 1552-4485.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the periodic homogenization of a reaction-diffusion problem with large nonlinear drift and Robin boundary condition posed in an unbounded perforated domain. The nonlinear problem is associated with the hydrodynamic limit of a totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) governing a population of interacting particles crossing a domain with obstacle. We are interested in deriving rigorously the upscaled model equations and the corresponding effective coefficients for the case when the microscopic dynamics are linked to a particular choice of characteristic length and time scales that lead to an exploding nonlinear drift. The main mathematical difficulty lies in proving the two-scale compactness and strong convergence results needed for the passage to the homogenization limit. To cope with the situation, we use the concept of two-scale compactness with drift, which is similar to the more classical two-scale compactness result but it is defined now in moving coordinates. We provide as well a strong convergence result for the corrector function, starting this way the search for the order of the convergence rate of the homogenization process for our target nonlinear drift problem.
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