| 21. |
- Adler, SS, et al.
(författare)
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Scaling properties of proton and antiproton production in root s(NN)=200 GeV Au+Au collisions
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 91:17: 172301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the yield of protons and antiprotons, as a function of centrality and transverse momentum, in Au+Au collisions at rootS(NN)=200 GeV measured at midrapidity by the PHENIX experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. In central collisions at intermediate transverse momenta (1.5
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| 22. |
- Adler, SS, et al.
(författare)
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Single electrons from heavy-flavor decays in p + p collisions at root s=200 GeV
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 96:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The invariant differential cross section for inclusive electron production in p+p collisions at root s=200 GeV has been measured by the PHENIX experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider over the transverse momentum range 0.4 <= p(T) <= 5.0 GeV/c in the central rapidity region (vertical bar eta vertical bar <= 0.35). The contribution to the inclusive electron spectrum from semileptonic decays of hadrons carrying heavy flavor, i.e., charm quarks or, at high p(T), bottom quarks, is determined via three independent methods. The resulting electron spectrum from heavy-flavor decays is compared to recent leading and next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations. The total cross section of charm quark-antiquark pair production is determined to be sigma(c (c) over bar) = 0.92 +/- 0.15(stat) +/- 0.54(syst) mb.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Hinde, D. J., et al.
(författare)
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Quasifission in heavy and superheavy element formation reactions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nobel Symposium NS 160 – Chemistry and Physics of Heavy and Superheavy Elements. - : EDP Sciences.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Superheavy elements are created in the laboratory by the fusion of two heavy nuclei. The large Coulomb repulsion that makes superheavy elements decay also makes the fusion process that forms them very unlikely. Instead, after sticking together for a short time, the two nuclei usually come apart, in a process called quasifission. Mass-angle distributions give the most direct information on the characteristics and time scales of quasifission. A systematic study of carefully chosen mass-angle distributions has provided information on the global trends of quasifission. Large deviations from these systematics reveal the major role played by the nuclear structure of the two colliding nuclei in determining the reaction outcome, and thus implicitly in hindering or favouring superheavy element production.
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| 25. |
- Garcia-Argibay, Miguel, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Healthcare utilization and costs of psychiatric and somatic comorbidities associated with newly diagnosed adult ADHD
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 144:1, s. 50-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Psychiatric and somatic problems in young adulthood have been found to be main drivers of costs in individuals with childhood ADHD. However, knowledge of the patterns of healthcare utilization and costs of comorbidities in middle-aged adults with newly diagnosed ADHD is very limited.METHOD: We studied individuals born 1966-1978 (from the Swedish Total Population Register) with newly diagnosed ADHD between the ages of 30-45 years and individuals without ADHD matched on birthdate, birth county, and sex. Healthcare utilization and expenditure for psychiatric and somatic disorders were obtained over four years (two years pre- and post-initial ADHD diagnosis).RESULTS: Middle-aged adults with newly diagnosed ADHD showed higher levels of healthcare utilization and costs (outpatient, inpatient, medications) for psychiatric and somatic comorbidities relative to adults without ADHD, both before and after the initial diagnosis. Females showed greater average group differences across the study period for medication prescriptions than males. Total incremental annual costs per capita were €2478.76 in adults with ADHD relative to those without, and costs were mainly driven by inpatient care. Psychiatric outpatient visits were statistically significantly higher the year before the ADHD diagnosis compared to two years before and after the diagnosis.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the substantial burden of psychiatric and somatic comorbidities in middle-aged adults newly diagnosed with ADHD. Psychiatric outpatient visits peaked in the year leading up to the ADHD diagnosis. Findings further suggested that females with ADHD may seek more treatment for comorbidities than males, which may reflect a general female tendency.
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| 26. |
- Hinde, D. J., et al.
(författare)
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Sub-barrier quasifission in heavy element formation reactions with deformed actinide target nuclei
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 97:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The formation of superheavy elements (SHEs) by fusion of two massive nuclei is severely inhibited by the competing quasifission process. Lowexcitation energies favor SHE survival against fusion-fission competition. In "cold" fusion with spherical target nuclei near Pb-208, SHE yields are largest at beam energies significantly below the average capture barrier. In "hot" fusion with statically deformed actinide nuclei, this is not the case. Here the elongated deformation-aligned configurations in sub-barrier capture reactions inhibits fusion (formation of a compact compound nucleus), instead favoring rapid reseparation through quasifission. Purpose: To determine the probabilities of fast and slow quasifission in reactions with prolate statically deformed actinide nuclei, through measurement and quantitative analysis of the dependence of quasifission characteristics at beam energies spanning the average capture barrier energy. Methods: The Australian National University Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility and CUBE fission spectrometer have been used to measure fission and quasifission mass and angle distributions for reactions with projectiles from C to S, bombarding Th and U target nuclei. Results: Mass-asymmetric quasifission occurring on a fast time scale, associated with collisions with the tips of the prolate actinide nuclei, shows a rapid increase in probability with increasing projectile charge, the transition being centered around projectile atomic number ZP = 14. For mass-symmetric fission events, deviations of angular anisotropies from expectations for fusion fission, indicating a component of slower quasifission, suggest a similar transition, but centered around ZP similar to 8. Conclusions: Collisions with the tips of statically deformed prolate actinide nuclei show evidence for two distinct quasifission processes of different time scales. Their probabilities both increase rapidly with the projectile charge. The probability of fusion can be severely suppressed by these two quasifission processes, since the sub-barrier heavy element yield is likely to be determined by the product of the probabilities of surviving each quasifission process.
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| 27. |
- Hinde, D. J., et al.
(författare)
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Systematic study of quasifission characteristics and timescales in heavy element formation reactions
- 2016
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Ingår i: 12th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions 2015. - : EDP Sciences.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Superheavy elements can only be created in the laboratory by the fusion of two massive nuclei. Mass-angle distributions give the most direct information on the characteristics and time scales of quasifission, the major competitor to fusion in these reactions. The systematics of 42 mass-angle distributions provide information on the global characteristics of quasifission. Deviations from the systematics reveal the major role played by the nuclear structure of the two colliding nuclei in determining the reaction outcome, and in hindering or favouring heavy element production.
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| 28. |
- Ahlberg, Rickard, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Real-life instability in ADHD from young to middle adulthood : a nationwide register-based study of social and occupational problems
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-244X. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Studies using self-reports indicate that individuals with ADHD are at increased risk for functional impairments in social and occupational settings, but evidence around real-life instability remains limited. It is furthermore unclear if these functional impairments in ADHD differ across sex and across the adult lifespan.METHOD: A longitudinal observational cohort design of 3,448,440 individuals was used to study the associations between ADHD and residential moves, relational instability and job shifting using data from Swedish national registers. Data were stratified on sex and age (18-29 years, 30-39 years, and 40-52 years at start of follow up).RESULTS: 31,081 individuals (17,088 males; 13,993 females) in the total cohort had an ADHD-diagnosis. Individuals with ADHD had an increased incidence rate ratio (IRR) of residential moves (IRR 2.35 [95% CI, 2.32-2.37]), relational instability (IRR = 1.07 [95% CI, 1.06-1.08]) and job shifting (IRR = 1.03 [95% CI, 1.02-1.04]). These associations tended to increase with increasing age. The strongest associations were found in the oldest group (40-52 years at start of follow). Women with ADHD in all three age groups had a higher rate of relational instability compared to men with ADHD.CONCLUSION: Both men and women with a diagnosis of ADHD present with an increased risk of real-life instability in different domains and this behavioral pattern was not limited to young adulthood but also existed well into older adulthood. It is therefore important to have a lifespan perspective on ADHD for individuals, relatives, and the health care sector.
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| 29. |
- Barker, ED, et al.
(författare)
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Do ADHD-impulsivity and BMI have shared polygenic and neural correlates?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Molecular psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5578 .- 1359-4184. ; 26:3, s. 1019-1028
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an extensive body of literature linking ADHD to overweight and obesity. Research indicates that impulsivity features of ADHD account for a degree of this overlap. The neural and polygenic correlates of this association have not been thoroughly examined. In participants of the IMAGEN study, we found that impulsivity symptoms and body mass index (BMI) were associated (r = 0.10, n = 874, p = 0.014 FWE corrected), as were their respective polygenic risk scores (PRS) (r = 0.17, n = 874, p = 6.5 × 10−6 FWE corrected). We then examined whether the phenotypes of impulsivity and BMI, and the PRS scores of ADHD and BMI, shared common associations with whole-brain grey matter and the Monetary Incentive Delay fMRI task, which associates with reward-related impulsivity. A sparse partial least squared analysis (sPLS) revealed a shared neural substrate that associated with both the phenotypes and PRS scores. In a last step, we conducted a bias corrected bootstrapped mediation analysis with the neural substrate score from the sPLS as the mediator. The ADHD PRS associated with impulsivity symptoms (b = 0.006, 90% CIs = 0.001, 0.019) and BMI (b = 0.009, 90% CIs = 0.001, 0.025) via the neuroimaging substrate. The BMI PRS associated with BMI (b = 0.014, 95% CIs = 0.003, 0.033) and impulsivity symptoms (b = 0.009, 90% CIs = 0.001, 0.025) via the neuroimaging substrate. A common neural substrate may (in part) underpin shared genetic liability for ADHD and BMI and the manifestation of their (observable) phenotypic association.
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| 30. |
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