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| 47. |
- Medina, Mayrin C., et al.
(author)
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The thyroid hormone-inactivating type III deiodinase is expressed in mouse and human β-cells and its targeted inactivation impairs insulin secretion
- 2011
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In: Endocrinology. - Baltimore : Williams & Wilkins. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7170. ; 152:10, s. 3717-3727
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Deiodinases are selenoproteins that activate or inactivate thyroid hormone. During vertebrate development, these pathways control thyroid hormone action in a cell-specific fashion explaining how systemic thyroid hormone can affect local control of tissue embryogenesis. Here we investigated the role of the thyroid hormone-inactivating deiodinase (D3) in pancreatic islet function and glucose homeostasis. D3 expression was determined by real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, and enzyme activity. Embryonic and adult wild-type mice and Mice with targeted disruption of Dio3 gene (D3KO) as well as human fetal pancreas and adult islets were studied. Insulin secretion was evaluated in adult mouse isolated islets. We found Dio3 gene expression and protein highly expressed in embryonic and adult pancreatic islets, predominantly in beta-cells in both humans and mice. However, mRNA levels were barely detectable for both the thyroid hormone-activating deiodinases types 1 and 2. D3KO animals were found to be glucose intolerant due to in vitro and in vivo impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, without changes in peripheral sensitivity to insulin. D3KO neonatal (postnatal day 0) and adult pancreas exhibited reduced total islet area due to reduced beta-cell mass, insulin content, and impaired expression of key beta-cells genes. D3 expression in perinatal pancreatic beta-cells prevents untimely exposure to thyroid hormone, the absence of which leads to impaired beta-cell function and subsequently insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. An analogous role is likely in humans, given the similar D3 expression pattern.
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| 48. |
- Nordin, Pär, et al.
(author)
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Randomized trial of Lichtenstein versus Shouldice hernia repair in general surgical practice
- 2002
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In: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 89:1, s. 45-49
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background:The aim of the present randomized trial was to compare the Shouldice procedure and the Lichtenstein hernia repair with respect to recurrence rate, technical difficulty, convalescence and chronic pain. A further aim was to determine to what extent general surgeons in routine surgical practice were able to reproduce the excellent results reported from specialist hernia centres.Methods:Three hundred patients with primary inguinal hernia were randomized to either a Shouldice repair or to a tension-free Lichtenstein repair. In a pretrial training programme the five participating general surgeons were taught to perform the two techniques in a standard manner. Follow-up was performed after 8 weeks, 1 year and 3 years. The last examination was performed by an independent blinded assessor.Results:There was a significant difference in operating time in favour of the Lichtenstein technique. After a follow-up of 36–77 months seven recurrences were found in the Shouldice group (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 1·3 to 8·1) and one in the mesh group (95 per cent c.i. 0·0 to 2·0). Chronic groin pain was reported by 4·2 and 5·6 per cent in the Shouldice and Lichtenstein groups respectively. It was characterized as mild or moderate in all except two patients who had the Shouldice operation.Conclusion: Lichtenstein hernia repair was easier to learn, took less time and resulted in fewer recurrences. It was possible to achieve excellent results with this technique in a general surgical unit. © 2002 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd
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- Poveda-Reyes, Sara, et al.
(author)
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Injectable composites of loose microfibers and gelatin with improved interfacial interaction for soft tissue engineering
- 2015
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In: Polymer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0032-3861 .- 1873-2291. ; 74, s. 224-234
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) microfibers were surface functionalized by graft photopolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) onto the fiber surface. Grafted fibers were easily dispersed in enzymatically gelling tyramine-substituted gelatin, forming a homogeneous dispersion without hindering subsequent gelatin crosslinking. The obtained injectable hydrogels showed improved mechanical properties compared to analogues based on non-modified fibers. The composite with 1% (w/v) of surface modified fibers had a three-fold higher shear storage modulus (535.2 +/- 90 Pa) than pure gelatin (184.9 +/- 32 Pa) while no significant increase was observed in the case of non-grafted fiber composites. Moreover, PHEMA grafting on PLLA fibers did not compromise cell viability and proliferation within the hydrogel. The new injectable hydrogels offer improved potential as substrates for the regeneration of soft tissues.
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