| 31. |
- Allan, Julie, et al.
(författare)
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Etiska perspektiv på specialpedagogers yrkesroll och värdepedagogiska praktik
- 2022
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Yrkesetik handlar om att hantera motstridiga värden på ett professionellt sätt. Olika dilemman är ständigt närvarande i skolans vardag och kan handla om att minimera risken för att elever ska exkluderas eller om att säkerställa att elever får möjlighet att visa sina kunskaper på rätt sätt. I sin yrkesroll ställs specialpedagogen inför mångfacetterade arbetsuppgifter som omfattar att stödja barn och elever i svårigheter, vara en kvalificerad samtalspartner i pedagogiska frågor och samverka med andra yrkesgrupper för att utveckla skolans verksamhet. Arbetet innebär val mellan olika handlingsalternativ som kräver både kunskap och förmåga att urskilja och värdera etiska aspekter i komplexa sammanhang. I boken diskuteras både dilemman och möjligheter där etiska perspektiv spelar en viktig roll. Kapitlen tar upp frågor med praktiknära innehåll som lämpar sig för såväl individuell reflektion som kollegiala samtal med syftet att skapa ett gemensamt yrkesetiskt språk. Boken vänder sig till blivande och praktiserande specialpedagoger samt andra yrkeskategorier med arbetsuppgifter inom det specialpedagogiska området.
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| 32. |
- Arosio, Paolo, et al.
(författare)
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Kinetic analysis reveals the diversity of microscopic mechanisms through which molecular chaperones suppress amyloid formation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is increasingly recognized that molecular chaperones play a key role in modulating the formation of amyloid fibrils, a process associated with a wide range of human disorders. Understanding the detailed mechanisms by which they perform this function, however, has been challenging because of the great complexity of the protein aggregation process itself. In this work, we build on a previous kinetic approach and develop a model that considers pairwise interactions between molecular chaperones and different protein species to identify the protein components targeted by the chaperones and the corresponding microscopic reaction steps that are inhibited. We show that these interactions conserve the topology of the unperturbed reaction network but modify the connectivity weights between the different microscopic steps. Moreover, by analysing several protein-molecular chaperone systems, we reveal the striking diversity in the microscopic mechanisms by which molecular chaperones act to suppress amyloid formation.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Bratt, O, et al.
(författare)
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Risk perception, screening practice and interest in genetic testing among unaffected men in families with hereditary prostate cancer
- 2000
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - 0959-8049. ; 36:2, s. 235-241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Approximately 5-10% of prostate cancer cases are caused by dominantly inherited susceptibility to the disease. Although advances have been made in research concerning the genetic mechanisms of hereditary prostate cancer, little is known about the psychological consequences for men at high risk of developing the disease. The aims of the present study were to examine risk perception, interest in genetic investigations, cancer-specific worry, and screening practice among unaffected men, aged 40-72 years old, with a pedigree consistent with hereditary prostate cancer and an estimated lifetime risk of prostate cancer of 35-45%. A questionnaire was sent by mail to 120 subjects, of whom 110 responded. Most of the men (n = 90, 82%) worried about having an inherited susceptibility to prostate cancer, and 34 (31%) claimed that worry about prostate cancer affected their daily life (3 (3%) fairly much, 31 (28%) slightly). As many as 40% of the study subjects perceived their lifetime risk of prostate cancer as 67% or more. Perceived high risk was associated with symptoms of depression and with cancer worry affecting daily living. Two-thirds of the men aged 50 years old or more were regularly screened for prostate cancer. Subjects with high levels of cancer-specific stress, as measured by the avoidance subscale of the Impact of Event Scale, were less likely to opt for screening. Almost all of the men (94%) were interested in presymptomatic genetic testing (84 (76%) "definitely yes" and 20 (18%) "probably yes"). We conclude that hereditary susceptibility to prostate cancer has significant psychological consequences although it rarely causes psychiatric morbidity. The present study underlines the importance of giving thorough, repeated information to men at high risk of prostate cancer.
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| 35. |
- Brinkfelt, Klas, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Microshutters for space physics time of flight applications
- 2010
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Ingår i: 21st Micromechanics and Micro systems Europe workshop, 26-29 September 2010, Enschede, The Netherlands. ; , s. 140-143
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In present time-of-flight (TOF) mass and energy spectrometers in experimental space plasmaphysics applications, the resolution is limited by the fact that the particle to be measured loses part of its energyin the generation of the start pulse. To improve the resolution, a fast micromechanical shutter system togenerate the start signal has been developed. The microshutter is included in the PRIMA (PRIsma MassAnalyzer) ion detector on-board the Swedish PRISMA mission, which will be launched into low Earth orbit onJune 15, 2010.
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| 36. |
- Chai, W L, et al.
(författare)
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Contour analysis of an implant-soft tissue interface.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of periodontal research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0765 .- 0022-3484. ; 48:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Studies of peri-implant soft tissue on in vivo models are commonly based on histological sections prepared using undecalcified or 'fracture' techniques. These techniques require the cutting or removal of implant during the specimen preparation process. The aim of this study is to explore a new impression technique that does not require any cutting or removal of implant for contour analysis of soft tissue around four types of titanium (Ti) surface roughness using an in vitro three-dimensional oral mucosal model (3D OMM). METHODS: The 3D OMM was constructed by co-culturing a keratinocyte cell line TR146 and human oral fibroblasts on to an acellular dermis scaffold. On the fourth day, a Ti disk was placed into the model. Four types of Ti surface topographies, i.e. polished, machined, sandblasted and anodized were tested. After 10 d of culture, the specimens were processed based on undecalcified (ground sectioning), electropolishing and impression techniques for contour analysis of the implant-soft tissue interface. RESULTS: Under light microscopic examination of the ground and electropolishing sections, it was found that the cell line-based oral mucosa formed a peri-implant-like epithelium attachment on to all four types of Ti surfaces. In contour analysis, the most common contour observed between the cell line-based oral mucosa and Ti surface was at an angle ranging between 45° and 90°. CONCLUSION: The in vitro cell line-based 3D OMM formed a peri-implant-like epithelium at the implant-soft tissue interface. The contour of the implant-soft tissue interface for the four types of Ti surface was not significantly different.
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| 37. |
- Chai, Wen L, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrastructural analysis of implant-soft tissue interface on a three dimensional tissue-engineered oral mucosal model.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A. - : Wiley. - 1552-4965 .- 1549-3296. ; 100A:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A three dimensional tissue-engineered human oral mucosal model (3D OMM) used in the investigation of implant-soft tissue interface was recently reported. The aim of this study was to examine the ultrastructural features of soft tissue attachment to various titanium (Ti) implant surfaces based on the 3D OMM. Two techniques, that is, focus ion beam (FIB) and electropolishing techniques were used to prepare specimens for transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis of the interface. The 3D OM consisting of both epithelial and connective tissue layers was constructed by co-culturing human oral keratinocytes and fibroblasts onto an acellular dermis scaffold. Four types of Ti surface topographies were tested: polished, machined (turned), sandblasted, and TiUnite. The specimens were then processed for TEM examination using FIB (Ti remained) and electropolishing (Ti removed) techniques. The FIB sections showed some artifact and lack of details of ultrastructural features. In contrast, the ultrathin sections prepared from the electropolishing technique showed a residual Ti oxide layer, which preserved the details for intact ultrastructural interface analysis. There was evidence of hemidesmosome-like structures at the interface on the four types of Ti surfaces, which suggests that the tissue-engineered oral mucosa formed epithelial attachments on the Ti surfaces. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2011.
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| 38. |
- Chapman, Mark A., et al.
(författare)
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Skeletal Muscle Transcriptomic Comparison between Long-Term Trained and Untrained Men and Women
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-1247. ; 31:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To better understand the health benefits of lifelong exercise in humans, we conduct global skeletal muscle transcriptomic analyses of long-term endurance- (9 men, 9 women) and strength-trained (7 men) humans compared with age-matched untrained controls (7 men, 8 women). Transcriptomic analysis, Gene Ontology, and genome-scale metabolic modeling demonstrate changes in pathways related to the prevention of metabolic diseases, particularly with endurance training. Our data also show prominent sex differences between controls and that these differences are reduced with endurance training. Additionally, we compare our data with studies examining muscle gene expression before and after a months-long training period in individuals with metabolic diseases, This analysis reveals that training shifts gene expression in individuals with impaired metabolism to become more similar to our endurance-trained group. Overall, our data provide an extensive examination of the accumulated transcriptional changes that occur with decades-long training and identify important "exercise-responsive" genes that could attenuate metabolic disease.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Dellborg, M, et al.
(författare)
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ECG changes during myocardial ischemia. Differences between men and women
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Electrocardiology. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0022-0736 .- 1532-8430. ; 27:suppl., s. 42-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Women have a higher short-term mortality in acute myocardial infarction (MI) compared with men. This may be partly explained by differences in risk factors such as age and diabetes. However, several reports have focused on the occurrence of a sex bias making women less likely to be subjected to angiography and revascularization as well as aggressive pharmacologic treatment of acute MI. The decision to initiate these procedures is often based on ischemic changes of the electrocardiogram. It was therefore investigated whether differences between men and women in magnitude of electrocardiographic changes during myocardial ischemia could explain some of the differences previously reported. A total of 178 patients with chest pain suggestive of MI (135 men and 43 women) included in a study of thrombolytics were monitored for 24 hours with continuous vectorcardiography. Also, 81 patients with stable angina pectoris undergoing elective angioplasty were monitored during the procedure. In patients admitted with suspicion of MI, the initial summated ST deviation was 178 +/- 146 microV for men as compared with 105 +/- 91 microV for women (P = .002). During angioplasty, men had significantly more pronounced maximum ST deviation during inflation of the balloon (235 +/- 165 vs 156 +/- 89 microV; P = .036). In conclusion, men have more pronounced ST changes than women during myocardial ischemia. When fixed magnitudes of ST deviation are required for initiating therapy such as thrombolytics, this will favor treatment of men. A sex-adjusted limit for administrating thrombolytic drugs may be warranted in the light of the above findings.
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