| 141. |
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| 142. |
- Manga, Edda, et al.
(författare)
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Att mäta rasism
- 2022
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rasism har långtgående konsekvenser för människors livsvillkor och för samhällets demokratiska grund. Samtidigt är rasism inte en naturordning utan ett politiskt problem som kan påverkas och på sikt åtgärdas. För att förändra rasism krävs kunskapsbaserat arbete och ändamålsenliga uppföljningsverktyg. Vi behöver förstå vad rasism är, hur dess mekanismer fungerar och hur den inverkar på den ojämlika fördelningen av status, resurser, möjligheter och sårbarhet på befolkningsnivå.Att mäta rasism utan att reproducera rasism är dock en utmanande uppgift. Rasism refererar till raser, en form av social kategorisering som på vissa plan övergivits men som samtidigt har påtagliga effekter för olika gruppers ojämlika livsvillkor. Som objekt för mätning är raser besvärliga då ras definieras kontextuellt och relationellt och ständigt omförhandlas. Dessutom har raskategoriseringar och rasdifferentierad statistik ett mörkt förflutet som kärnan i den vetenskapliga rasismens och den statliga rashygienens historia. I denna bok undersöks frågan om att mäta rasism från en rad teoretiska och historiska synvinklar. Hur kan rasism definieras? Vad är rasbegreppets historia? Vilken roll har statistik spelat i statliga styrsystem? Är våra identiteter fasta, eller skiftande? Vad hände med försöken att införa jämlikhetsdata på kommunal nivå? Hur långt kan man komma med befintliga metoder för att mäta antisvart rasism på arbetsmarknaden? Boken avslutas med att presentera att konkret förslag på hur rasismens effekter för olika befolkningsgrupper skulle kunna mätas utan att först fastställa och utgå från förbestämda raskategorier: Balingsholmsmodellen. Denna metod kan användas för att återkommande undersöka hur rasism inverkar på människors livsvillkor på nationell och regional nivå.
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| 143. |
- Merrill, Samuel, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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How “the left” meme : analyzing taboo in the internet memes of r/DankLeft
- 2024
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Ingår i: New Media and Society. - : Sage Publications. - 1461-4448 .- 1461-7315.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores how “the left” meme and the character and emotional reception of taboo-breaking therein via the case of r/DankLeft—a USA-centric Marxist, Anarchist, and Democratic Socialist Internet meme community. It asks: what themes do popular r/DankLeft Internet memes relate to, how does taboo feature within popular r/DankLeft Internet memes, and can any differences in the ways in which taboo-related r/DankLeft Internet memes are received be discerned. In turn, it carries out a thematic analysis of 366 popular memes, a multimodal critical discourse analysis of 41 taboo-related popular memes, and a comparative sentiment analysis of the comments these and other memes have received in r/DankLeft. The article finds that popular memes in r/DankLeft primarily relate to perceived threats to its community of users. It also shows that taboo-breaking does feature in r/DankLeft memes and that when it does correlative patterns emerge in terms of popularity and emotional reception.
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| 144. |
- Nilsson, Per-Erik, 1981-
(författare)
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“Everybody Welcome to France” : Secularism, Governmentality & Fantasy in the French Republic 2003-2011
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- What does it mean to be “secular”? How are “secular” identities constructed and negotiated? How can one understand that “secularism” has become an important marker of identity for nationalistic forces in Europe?In the dissertation “Everybody, Welcome to France” the author sets out to inquire into the topic of secularism and national identity in contemporary France. The specific research question is how France has been articulated as a “secular” republic in political speech and legislative text in 2003-2011 and how this articulation relates to conceptions of “nation”, “integration”, and “citizenship”. The author analyzes the articulation of France as a secular republic in two case studies. The first one is the Islamic Veil Affair in 2003-4 when the French Republic legislated against the wearing of conspicuous religious symbols in public schools, and the second is when the wearing of burkas and niqabs were prohibited in public space in 2010 (law implemented in 2011). The author argues that these affairs became sceneries for a nationalistic reification by the political elite through the construction of an imagined intrusive other whose presence was thought to be in need of neutralization or deportation. The author subsequently suggests that the political elite’s conceptions of secularism during the analyzed period can be understood in light of an illiberal turn in European politics where categories like “secularism”, “tolerance”, and “freedom” have become emblems in a self-righteous construction of a unified and enlightened national “we” as opposed to an uncivilized and unworthy “them”.The analysis is carried out with discourse analytical methodology and rests on critical religion/secularism theory.
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| 145. |
- Poletti Lundström, Tomas, 1986-
(författare)
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Trons försvarare : Idéer om religion i svensk radikalnationalism 1988–2020
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation outlines continuity and change in Swedish radical nationalism – a political ideology predominantly focused on connecting an imagined people with a distinct territory. The study focuses on how religion has been understood within the landscape of Swedish radical nationalism between 1988 and 2020. The landscape is termed radical-nationalist since its central articulation is nationalism. It is radical because of its actors’ urge to return nationalism to its roots, without compromising with other political ideologies, and because it is seen as a radical solution to the problems of national degeneration. The Swedish radical-nationalist landscape consists of ideological formations that are culture-oriented, race-oriented, and identity-oriented. These formations animate the actors moving across the landscape. Three such actors are analyzed in the dissertation, each having its own history and distinct position in relation to the ideological formations: the political party Sweden Democrats, the national socialist organization Nordic Resistance Movement, and the online influencer The Golden One. The study builds on a theoretical shift, usually labeled critical religion theory, which departs from religion as an analytical category to instead focus on the various definitions of, and ideas about, religion among the actors themselves. Religion is analyzed as a political concept within Swedish radical nationalism. The terminology of political concepts is borrowed from the theory of ideological morphology, where such concepts are located on an axis between center and periphery of a political ideology, from core concepts via adjacent concepts to peripheral concepts. In Swedish radical nationalism, the concept of religion is a demarcation against them, external enemies as well as internal traitors. Religion functions as an essential exclusionary mechanism aimed at imagined Others who are assumed to, in varying degrees, be superstitious, conspiratorial, fanatical, or divisive. However, the concept of religion also construes us, an imagined people, through ideas of a shared collective unconscious and a Volksgeist that via paganism and Christianity travels from a distant, and often forgotten, past. In conclusion, religion is recurrently one of the adjacent concepts that temporarily stabilizes the core of Swedish radical nationalism: people and territory. Like other concepts that are adjacent to the core – such as culture, race, and identity – the concept of religion stipulates who belongs to the people and the territory, and who should be excluded, disadvantaged, or eliminated.
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| 146. |
- Rodin, Therese, 1971-
(författare)
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The World of the Sumerian Mother Goddess : An Interpretation of Her Myths
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present study is an interpretation of the two myths copied in the Old Babylonian period in which the Sumerian mother goddess is one of the main actors. The first myth is commonly called “Enki and Ninḫursaĝa”, and the second “Enki and Ninmaḫ”. The theoretical point of departure is that myths have society as their referents, i.e. they are “talking about” society, and that this is done in an ideological way. This study aims at investigating on the one hand which contexts in the Mesopotamian society each section of the myths refers to, and on the other hand which ideological aspects that the myths express in terms of power relations.The myths are contextualized in relation to their historical and social setting. If the myth for example deals with working men, male work in the area during the relevant period is discussed. The same method of contextualization is used regarding marriage, geographical points of reference and so on. Also constellations of mythical ideas are contextualized, through comparison with similar constellations in other Mesopotamian myths. Besides the method of contextualization, the power relations in the myths are investigated. According to this latter method, the categories at issue, their ranking, as well as their changed ranking, are noted.The topics of the myths is issues important for the kingship and the country, such as irrigation, trade, health and healing, birth, collective work, artisanry and rivalry. All these aspects are used in order to express what the power relations between the goddess Ninḫursaĝa/Ninmaḫ and the god Enki look like. The relations are negotiated and recalibrated, which leads to the goddess getting a lowered status. Part of the negotiations and recalibrations is gender behavior, which is related to historical developments in society. The present work points to the function of these myths as tools of recalibrating not only deities, but also men and women in society.
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| 147. |
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| 148. |
- Åkerbäck, Peter, 1967-
(författare)
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De obeständiga religionerna : Om kollektiva självmord och frälsning i Peoples Temple, Ordre du Temple Solaire och Heaven's Gate
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Peoples Temple, Ordre du Temple Solaire and Heaven’s Gate, three religious groups that have in common that they all ended in collective suicide. Explanations why these groups came to end in such a tragic way vary, but focus is primarily put on conflict, charismatic leadership, isolation, and apocalyptic worldviews. This perspective tends to ignore the groups’ own worldview and soteriology as a part of their history.A focus on these groups’ worldviews and paths to salvation offers a new way of understanding them and their way of life. The main part of the thesis is devoted to an examination of the groups’ own ways of thinking and their way to salvation. A three step model is used asking; 1) what they believed was wrong with the world they were living in, 2) what they expected to be the salvation for mankind, and 3) how this could be achieved. The suggestion is that an understanding of the groups’ conceptions of salvation is a major part of any explaining of their dramatic endings.This conclusion is problematized using a model for analyzing members ideological knowledge. The group members can be roughly put into three categories; 1) the well informed, 2) adherents, and 3) the uninformed. These categories are used to analyze how insight into the worldviews affected the members in their readiness to follow the group to its final end.The three groups are often lumped together because it is believed that they have something in common that caused their final acts, but a thorough examination of the groups clearly shows three different kinds of groups with different worldviews, ways of thinking and members.
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