| 11. |
- Gorini, G, et al.
(författare)
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Proposed Neutron Emission Spectroscopy Diagnostics of Energetic Deutrons in JET rium Plasmas
- 2001
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Ingår i: 7th IAEA TCM on Energetic Particles.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The DT experimental campaign on JET (1997) represented a major step forward for neutron emissionspectroscopy (NES) diagnostics thanks to the high count rate measurements obtained with themagnetic proton recoil (MPR) neutron spectrometer in high fusion yield plasmas [1]. NESmeasurements were made on JET DT plasmas for different heating conditions including thosegenerating energetic deuterons either directly through NB injection, or through ICRH accelerationusing the (D)T minority scheme [2]. A multiple-component model has been developed for analysisof dt neutron spectra that is based on a simplified description of fuel ion velocity distributions fordifferent heating conditions [3,4]. The same model is used here for projections of NES spectra fromJET deuterium plasmas using the dt results as input. This is done on the basis of a system of twocomplementary NES instruments, the TOFOR (Time of Flight - Optimized Rate) [5] and MPRu(Magnetic Proton Recoil Upgrade) spectrometers that are presently proposed for installation onJET [6]. Both spectrometers would record neutron spectra in D plasmas but for different viewinglines. TOFOR would have a “vertical” view, i.e. at an angle of 90° relative to the toroidal magneticfield. This is the same viewing line used for some of the previous dd NES measurements on JET[7]. MPRu would have a “tangential” view, i.e. horizontal (on the equatorial plane) at an angle of47° relative to the toroidal magnetic field and opposite to the beam injection direction. This is thesame viewing line used for the 1997 dt measurements using the magnetic proton recoil (MPR)spectrometer.Projections of dd neutron spectra under the assumptions above are used here for an assessmentof the performance and requirements of NES as a diagnostic of energetic deuterons in JET.
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| 12. |
- Kaerlev, L, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of smoking and medical history for development of small bowel carcinoid tumor: a European population-based case-control study
- 2002
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Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - 1573-7225. ; 13:1, s. 27-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Little is known about the etiology of small bowel carcinoid tumor (SBC), but a few studies have pointed to certain medical and lifestyle factors as potential risk factors. This study aims to evaluate these findings and to identify new associations. Methods: A population-based European multicenter case-control study was conducted from 1995 through 1997. Incident histologically verified 35-69 year-old SBC cases (n = 99) and 3335 controls were recruited; 84 cases and 2070 controls were interviewed. Results: Ever being a smoker was associated with SBC (odds ratio = 1.9; 95% confidence interval 1.1-3.2) and increased risk estimates were seen for all smoking categories. SBC was associated with previous gallstone disease and ovariectomy, but only when these conditions occurred within two years prior to the SBC diagnosis. No association was seen for a history of cholecystitis, liver cirrhosis, ulcerative disease, or Crohn's disease. Intake of alcoholic beverages - as well as medical treatments with radioactive substances, hormones, or corticosteroid tablets - were not associated with SBC. Conclusions: This study indicates that tobacco smoking is a risk factor for SBC. The associations with gallstone and ovarian diseases may be due to enhanced medical surveillance during the early phase of the cancer disease.
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| 13. |
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