| 241. |
- Qian, Deping, et al.
(författare)
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Correlating the Hybridization of Local-Exciton and Charge-Transfer States with Charge Generation in Organic Solar Cells
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Energy Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In organic solar cells with very small energetic-offset (& UDelta;ELE - CT), the charge-transfer (CT) and local-exciton (LE) states strongly interact via electronic hybridization and thermal population effects, suppressing the non-radiative recombination. Here, we investigated the impact of these effects on charge generation and recombination. In the blends of PTO2:C8IC and PTO2:Y6 with very small, ultra-fast CT state formation was observed, and assigned to direct photoexcitation resulting from strong hybridization of the LE and CT states (i.e., LE-CT intermixed states). These states in turn accelerate the recombination of both CT and charge separated (CS) states. Moreover, they can be significantly weakened by an external-electric field, which enhanced the yield of CT and CS states but attenuated the emission of the device. This study highlights that excessive LE-CT hybridization due to very low , whilst enabling direct and ultrafast charge transfer and increasing the proportion of radiative versus non-radiative recombination rates, comes at the expense of accelerating recombination losses competing with exciton-to-charge conversion process, resulting in a loss of photocurrent generation.
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| 242. |
- Qin, Guo Qing, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Realization of Sensitivity Enhancement and Suppression with Exceptional Surfaces
- 2021
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Ingår i: Laser and Photonics Reviews. - : Wiley. - 1863-8899 .- 1863-8880. ; 15:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By preparing a sensor system around isolated exceptional points, one can obtain a great enhancement of the sensitivity benefiting from the non-Hermiticity. However, this comes at the cost of reduction of the flexibility of the system, which is critical for practical applications. By generalizing the exceptional points to exceptional surfaces, it has been theoretically proposed recently that enhanced sensitivity and flexibility can be combined. Here, an exceptional surface is experimentally demonstrated in a non-Hermitian photonic sensing system, which is composed of a whispering-gallery-mode microresonator and two nanofiber waveguides, resulting in a unidirectional coupling between two degenerate counter-propagating modes with an external optical isolator. The system is simple, robust, and can be easily operated around an exceptional surface. On the one hand, sensitivity enhancement is observed by monitoring the resonant frequency splitting caused by small perturbations. This demonstration of exceptional-surface-enhanced sensitivity paves the way for practical non-Hermitian sensing applications. On the other hand, the suppression of frequency splitting around the exceptional surface is also shown for the first time.
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| 243. |
- Qiu, Rui, et al.
(författare)
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Pipeline pricing and logistics planning in the refined product supply chain based on fair profit distribution
- 2023
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Ingår i: Computers & industrial engineering. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0360-8352 .- 1879-0550. ; 175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pipeline is an economical, safe and environmentally friendly way to deliver refined products, but the un-coordinated decisions of the pipeline carrier and the oil shipper can lead to low pipeline turnover and high cross -regional logistics costs. This paper intends to remedy this problem through pipeline pricing and logistics plan-ning. First, a framework is designed to coordinate the operational decisions of the pipeline carrier and the oil shipper. Then, a bi-level programming model is customized to characterize the decentralized decision-making process of both stakeholders, including pipeline pricing and logistics planning. The upper-level model maxi-mizes the transportation revenue of the pipeline carrier, and the lower-level model minimizes the logistics cost of the oil shipper. The model constraints supply and demand capacity, transportation capacity, transportation network structure and mass balance. Next, to realize the coordination of both stakeholders, a negotiation mechanism based on fair profit distribution is customized. Ultimately, the method is tested on a large-scale logistics system of refined products in China. The results reveal that: (1) the pipeline turnover is increased by 127 million ton-kilometers, (2) the economic benefits of both stakeholders are maximized with an increase of 13 million CNY, (3) a fairer profit distribution is provided compared with the centralized decision-making. It is proved that the proposed method has a satisfactory coordination effect on the pricing of the pipeline carrier and the logistics planning of the oil shipper.
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| 244. |
- Shao, Jun, et al.
(författare)
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Photoluminescence probing of interface evolution with annealing in InGa(N)As/GaAs single quantum wells
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 118:16, s. 165305-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of thermal annealing on the interfaces of InGa(N)As/GaAs single quantum wells(SQWs) are investigated by excitation-, temperature-, and magnetic field-dependent photoluminescence(PL). The annealing at 750 °C results in more significant blueshift and narrowing to the PLpeak than that at 600 °C. Each of the PL spectra can be reproduced with two PL components: (i)the low-energy component (LE) keeps energetically unchanged, while the high-energy component(HE) moves up with excitation and shows at higher energy for the In0.375Ga0.625As/GaAs butcrosses over with the LE at a medium excitation power for the In0.375Ga0.625N0.012As0.988/GaAsSQWs. The HE is broader than the corresponding LE, the annealing at 750 °C narrows the LE andHE and shrinks their energetic separation; (ii) the PL components are excitonic, and the InGaNAsshows slightly enhanced excitonic effects relative to the InGaAs SQW; (iii) no typical S-shape evolutionof PL energy with temperature is detectable, and similar blueshift and narrowing are identifiedfor the same annealing. The phenomena are mainly from the interfacial processes. Annealingimproves the intralayer quality, enhances the interfacial In-Ga interdiffusion, and reduces the interfacialfluctuation. The interfacial interdiffusion does not change obviously by the small N contentand hence similar PL-component narrowing and blueshift are observed for the SQWs after a nominallyidentical annealing. Comparison with previous studies is made and the PL measurementsunder different conditions are shown to be effective for probing the interfacial evolution in QWs.
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| 245. |
- Sun, Xiao-dong, et al.
(författare)
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Implementing a novel capture and ligation probe-PCR method in mass screen and treatment to support malaria elimination efforts in the China-Myanmar border region
- 2023
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Ingår i: Malaria Journal. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1475-2875 .- 1475-2875. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundMass screening and treatment (MSAT) for malaria elimination lacks an ideal diagnostic tool to allow sensitive and affordable test of the target population in the field. This study evaluated whether Capture and Ligation Probe-PCR (CLIP-PCR) could be used in a field MSAT in Laiza City, Myanmar.MethodsOn day 0, two dried blood spots were collected from each participant. On day 1, all samples were screened for Plasmodium in a 20 m(2) laboratory with workbench, a biosafety cabinet, a refrigerator, a benchtop shaking incubator and a qPCR machine, by four technicians using CLIP-PCR with sample pooling, at a health clinic of the Chinese bordering town of Nabang. On day 2, all positives were followed up and treated.ResultsOf 15,038 persons (65% of the total population) screened, 204 (1.36%) were CLIP-PCR positives. Among them, 188, 14, and 2 were infected with Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, and P. vivax/P. falciparum mix, respectively. The testing capacity was 538 persons/day, with a cost of US$0.92 /person. The proportion of submicroscopic infection was 64.7%. All positive individuals received treatment within 72 h after blood collection.ConclusionUsing CLIP-PCR in MSAT in low transmission settings can support the malaria elimination efforts in the China-Myanmar border region.
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| 246. |
- Teumer, A., et al.
(författare)
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Genomewide meta-analysis identifies loci associated with IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels with impact on age-related traits
- 2016
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Ingår i: Aging Cell. - : Wiley. - 1474-9718 .- 1474-9726. ; 15:5, s. 811-824
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis can be manipulated in animal models to promote longevity, and IGF-related proteins including IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) have also been implicated in risk of human diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Through genomewide association study of up to 30 884 adults of European ancestry from 21 studies, we confirmed and extended the list of previously identified loci associated with circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations (IGF1, IGFBP3, GCKR, TNS3, GHSR, FOXO3, ASXL2, NUBP2/IGFALS, SORCS2, and CELSR2). Significant sex interactions, which were characterized by different genotype–phenotype associations between men and women, were found only for associations of IGFBP-3 concentrations with SNPs at the loci IGFBP3 and SORCS2. Analyses of SNPs, gene expression, and protein levels suggested that interplay between IGFBP3 and genes within the NUBP2 locus (IGFALS and HAGH) may affect circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations. The IGF-I-decreasing allele of SNP rs934073, which is an eQTL of ASXL2, was associated with lower adiposity and higher likelihood of survival beyond 90 years. The known longevity-associated variant rs2153960 (FOXO3) was observed to be a genomewide significant SNP for IGF-I concentrations. Bioinformatics analysis suggested enrichment of putative regulatory elements among these IGF-I- and IGFBP-3-associated loci, particularly of rs646776 at CELSR2. In conclusion, this study identified several loci associated with circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations and provides clues to the potential role of the IGF axis in mediating effects of known (FOXO3) and novel (ASXL2) longevity-associated loci. © 2016 The Authors. Aging Cell published by the Anatomical Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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| 247. |
- Tian, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive Characterization of the 4H-SiC Planar and Trench Gate MOSFETs From Cryogenic to High Temperature
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 0018-9383 .- 1557-9646. ; 66:10, s. 4279-4286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, the static, dynamic, and short-circuit properties of 1.2-kV commercial 4H-SiC planar and trench gate metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) are compared and analyzed in a wide temperature range from 90 to 493 K. The temperature-dependent specific ON-resistance (Rsp-ON) and threshold voltage (V-th) are analyzed in relation to the density of the interface state. The turn-on rise and turn-off fall times (T-r and T-f) and the corresponding energy loss (E-r and E-f) are extracted from a double-pulse test from cryogenic to high temperature and analyzed. The short-circuit capability of the two structures is studied at low temperature for the first time. The comprehensive comparison and analysis of the planar and trench gate MOSFET versus temperature in this work show the importance to study applications with SiC MOSFETs in a wide temperature range, especially for the cryogenic temperatures.
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| 248. |
- Tu, Chunming, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic voltage restorer with an improved strategy to voltage sag compensation and energy self-recovery
- 2019
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Ingår i: CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications. - : IEEE. - 2475-742X. ; 4:3, s. 219-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, an improved control scheme is proposed to improve the voltage quality of sensitive loads using dynamic voltage restorer. The existing control strategies either put emphasis on the optimal control during steady operation stage of compensation or correct the phase angle jump in the initial stage of compensation. In current researches, the impact of phase jump characteristic of voltage sag on the load side after voltage sag recoveries is widely ignored, further, there are still drawbacks in existing energy self-recovery strategies of DVR. Therefore, to improve the overall voltage compensation time while correcting the phase jump and accelerate the energy recovery of dc link side, this paper aims to 1) Propose the strategies to minimum active power consumption during voltage compensation stage and maximum active power absorption during energy self-recovery stage. 2) Deliver smooth transition in dynamic process to ensure the flexible switching between two stages. Theoretical analysis of proposed strategy is been validated through simulation and experimental results.
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| 249. |
- van de Vegte, Yordi, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic insights into resting heart rate and its role in cardiovascular disease
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetics and clinical consequences of resting heart rate (RHR) remain incompletely understood. Here, the authors discover new genetic variants associated with RHR and find that higher genetically predicted RHR decreases risk of atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke. Resting heart rate is associated with cardiovascular diseases and mortality in observational and Mendelian randomization studies. The aims of this study are to extend the number of resting heart rate associated genetic variants and to obtain further insights in resting heart rate biology and its clinical consequences. A genome-wide meta-analysis of 100 studies in up to 835,465 individuals reveals 493 independent genetic variants in 352 loci, including 68 genetic variants outside previously identified resting heart rate associated loci. We prioritize 670 genes and in silico annotations point to their enrichment in cardiomyocytes and provide insights in their ECG signature. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses indicate that higher genetically predicted resting heart rate increases risk of dilated cardiomyopathy, but decreases risk of developing atrial fibrillation, ischemic stroke, and cardio-embolic stroke. We do not find evidence for a linear or non-linear genetic association between resting heart rate and all-cause mortality in contrast to our previous Mendelian randomization study. Systematic alteration of key differences between the current and previous Mendelian randomization study indicates that the most likely cause of the discrepancy between these studies arises from false positive findings in previous one-sample MR analyses caused by weak-instrument bias at lower P-value thresholds. The results extend our understanding of resting heart rate biology and give additional insights in its role in cardiovascular disease development.
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| 250. |
- Wang, Jinling, et al.
(författare)
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Bcl-2 hijacks the arsenic trioxide resistance in SH-SY5Y cells
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1582-1838 .- 1582-4934. ; 26:2, s. 563-569
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aresenic trioxide (ATO) is proven to be active against leukaemia cells by inducing apoptosis and differentiation. Even though ATO could effectively induce remissions of leukaemia cells, the drug resistance was observed occasionally. To further dissect the mechanism of ATO resistance, we selected the ATO-resistant SH-SY5Y cells and found that Bcl-2 controlled the sensitivity of ATO in SH-SY5Y cells. We report that necroptosis, autophagy, NF-ƘB and MAPK signalling pathway are not involved in ATO-induced apoptosis. Moreover, the ATO-resistant cells showed distinct mitochondrial morphology compared with that of ATO-sensitive cells. Intriguingly, nude mice-bearing ATO-sensitive cells derived xenograft tumours are more sensitive to ATO treatment compared with that of ATO-resistant cells. These data demonstrate that cancer cells can acquire the ATO-resistance ability by increasing the Bcl-2 expression.
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